CN104868943A - Multi-user MIMO user selection method based on condition number - Google Patents

Multi-user MIMO user selection method based on condition number Download PDF

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CN104868943A
CN104868943A CN201510202422.1A CN201510202422A CN104868943A CN 104868943 A CN104868943 A CN 104868943A CN 201510202422 A CN201510202422 A CN 201510202422A CN 104868943 A CN104868943 A CN 104868943A
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user
system capacity
temp
norm
alternative
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CN104868943B (en
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杜岩
康向兵
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Shandong University
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Shandong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0452—Multi-user MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0426—Power distribution

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-user MIMO user selection method based on condition number. The algorithm, on the basis of user channel Frobenius norm ki=||Hk||F, selects a first user ui according to the norm maximization criterion, and reduces search sets of users according to conditions of the condition number, so that in the next iteration process, the users, enabling system capacity performance to be maximum, are selected in a smaller set, and furthermore, the performance of the algorithm is guaranteed, and the complexity of the algorithm is reduced to some extent. The user selection method is simple in structure, low in operation and processing amount, and high in processing efficiency.

Description

Based on the multiuser MIMO user choosing method of conditional number
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of multiuser MIMO user choosing method based on conditional number, belong to the technical field of wireless communication technology.
Background technology:
In recent years, along with the surge of wireless data, people also improve gradually for the requirement of radio communication.Multi-antenna technology also more and more causes the attention of people.Multiple-input and multiple-output (multiple-input multiple-output) greatly improves the capacity of communication system by diversity multiplex technique.Based on multi-input multi-output system, someone proposes the multi-input multi-output system (MU-MIMO) of multi-user again, further increase the capacity of system, and reduce the error rate of communication system, to tackle people's demand growing to data traffic.Multi-user MIMO system mainly comprises three modules:
A, MU-MIMO transmitting terminal (BS) processing module:
The information bit that generation will be transmitted, carries out sign map, radio frequency, intermediate frequency Modulation and Base-Band Processing.Main is that this module will carry out precoding to eliminate the multi-user interference (MUI) existed between multi-user to input signal, then carries out user's selection, selects the user needing scheduling;
The OFDM module of B, MU-MIMO:
This module is mainly carried out OFDM process for previously processed signal and is enabled adaptive channel environment, reduces the error rate, and this module is also responsible for the Space Time Coding part from signal to antenna mapping;
C, selection module:
This module mainly contains selected user scheduling set, that is inside alternative user set, selects satisfactory user and serves.
The application of multiuser MIMO technology, makes space become one and may be used for putting forward high performance resource, and can increase the coverage of wireless system, meet the performance index of next generation mobile communication greatly.
Therefore need to carry out preliminary treatment according to the channel situation of user at transmitting terminal eliminate interference between user owing to there is interference between user in multi-user MIMO system, this preprocessing process is referred to as precoding.Dirty paper code (Dirty PaperCoding) is optimum pre-coding scheme, because it can reach the capacity of information theory.But required time and power are limited in real work, because its nonlinear subsequent iteration step needs a large amount of calculating, and then need more power loss.So DPC is not employed in practice.The substitute is some better simply linear predictive coding algorithms.
But a pre-coding matrix also needs power division part, the transmitting power due to transmitting terminal is certain, so how limited power goes to distribute also is a problem.
Existing multi-user MIMO system user selection algorithm otherwise complexity too high, need more power loss, or be that performance is lower, cannot technical need be met.
Term illustrates:
Matrix condition number (condition number):
χ ( A , B ) = 10 lg ( λ max ( A ) λ min ( A ) / λ max ( B ) λ min ( B ) )
Wherein λ min(A), λ max(A) the minimum of A and eigenvalue of maximum is represented respectively.Matrix condition number is used to weigh of similar matrixes degree to be estimated.To estimate be measurement two matrix volume similarities with this, and known, if two matrixes are tending towards similar, the value of their conditional number is tending towards 0dB, if two matrix dissmilarities, the absolute value of its conditional number may be partial to 0dB far away.
Interference between user:
Suppose that MU-MIMO transmitting terminal (BS) end is furnished with M transmit antennas, each receiving terminal user u i(i represents user ID) configures N iroot reception antenna, the sum of receiving terminal user i is K t, channel is additive white Gaussian noise channel.
Suppose that antenna is sent to user u after treatment isignal be x i, signal is x ithe channel matrix of process is H i, signal is the Gaussian noise of the channel of xi process is n i, y irepresent the signal that reception antenna receives, then:
y i＝H iT ix i+Σ j≠i,j∈SH iT jx j+n i(1)
Wherein T i, T jpre-coding matrix, n ibe zero mean Gaussian white noise, S set represents alternative user set.And transmit and meet Power Limitation E [XX h]≤P.Middle entry Σ in above formula j ≠ i, j ∈ Sh jt ix jbe exactly that other users exist for user u iinterference.
Block diagonalization algorithm:
Block diagonalization algorithm mainly make multi-user interference be zero thought, namely make the Σ in formula (1) j ≠ i, j ∈ Sh it jx j=0, separate us for asking this and can to abridge constraints.Following formula is set up
H iT j＝0 i≠j∈S
That is pre-coding matrix T jdrop on channel matrix H inull subspace in.We can simplify above-mentioned solving by polymer matrix, suppose polymer matrix
H ~ j = H 1 . . . H j - 1 H j + 1 . . . H K
Wherein K selects the total number of users in the S set of family.Make T jdrop in the kernel of above formula.
Maximize criterion: in the selection process, remain that the maximized standard of current capacities goes to select user.
According to mathematical theoretical proof, we can try to achieve a part for pre-coding matrix by singular value decomposition.The restriction of individual rank of matrix is had when carrying out singular value decomposition, being reflected in actual application is exactly the reception antenna sum that transmitting antenna can not be less than each user, also the necessity of user's selection has been proved from this point, think that transmitting terminal number of antennas is limited, and userbase is generally a very huge set, so effective user's selection algorithm is the prerequisite guaranteeing volumetric properties.
Summary of the invention:
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of multiuser MIMO user choosing method based on conditional number; Algorithm of the present invention reduces the search set of user according to the condition of conditional number, make in next iteration process, not only in a less set, select the user that the power system capacity performance that makes is maximum, and then ensure that the performance of algorithm but also reduce the complexity of searching algorithm to a certain extent.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Of the present invention based in the multiuser MIMO user choosing method of conditional number, in order to simplify emulation, we suppose that each user is configured with the antenna of equivalent, and the environment facies of channel are same, and channel condition is known, this point can realize the known situation of channel easily in time division multiplex channel (TDD).Under the prerequisite that channel condition is known, can prove that water-filling algorithm is optimum power allocation scheme, so adopt water-filling algorithm to carry out power division herein.
Based on the multiuser MIMO user choosing method of conditional number, comprise step as follows:
A, initialization:
Parameter in the current mimo system of initialization; The set of initialization alternative user with selection user S set=φ;
B, renewal user set:
Select first user u i, and upgrade described alternative user set and described selection user set computing system capacity C=waterfilling (S);
C, alternative user set reduce process:
To alternative user set reduce process, wherein H sbe the user's polymer matrix selecting user's S set, controling parameter α is empirical; user u ichannel matrix; Pass through set of computations in each element reduce set with the value of Matrix condition number selecting user to gather;
Find user and calculate temporary system capacity C temp=waterfilling (S+{u j);
D, loop iteration:
If C temp> C, i.e. Δ C=C gain-C loss> 0, then upgrade alternative user set, select user's set and power system capacity c=C temp, and carry out loop iteration next time;
Otherwise, directly carry out loop iteration next time;
By comparison system capacity C and temporary system capacity C tempjudge user u iadd and whether make systematic function be improved; If that is C temp> C, now user satisfies condition and can be selected;
E, loop termination;
Repeat the secondary backed off after random circulation of step C-D (K-1), wherein m is number of transmit antennas, and N is the reception antenna number of each user configured equivalent; This expression formula is when BD precoding, the maximum size that system can be held, namely with cocycle K-1 take second place backed off after random circulation.
Preferred according to the present invention, in described steps A, select first user u iconcrete grammar be: according to subscriber channel Frobenius norm κ i=|| H k|| f, maximize criterion by norm and select first user u i.
Preferred according to the present invention, calculate in described step B in power system capacity C, described step C and calculate temporary system capacity C tempmethod be water-filling algorithm.The known situation of channel can be realized easily in time division multiplex channel (TDD); Under the prerequisite that channel condition is known, can prove that water-filling algorithm is optimum power allocation scheme.
Preferred according to the present invention, in described step C, find user concrete grammar be find user by the method for maximum norm also the user that norm is maximum is namely selected.
Preferred according to the present invention, in described step C, the value of described controling parameter α is 0.2.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, multiuser MIMO user choosing method of the present invention, the search set of user is reduced according to the condition of conditional number, make in next iteration process, not only in a less set, select the user that the power system capacity performance that makes is maximum, and then ensure that the performance of algorithm but also reduce the complexity of searching algorithm to a certain extent;
2, multiuser MIMO user choosing method of the present invention, structure is simple, and computing, treating capacity are low, and treatment effeciency is high.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of multi-user MIMO system;
Fig. 2 is the comparison of the power system capacity figure of three kinds of multiuser MIMO selection algorithms;
Fig. 3 is the comparison of the algorithm complex of three kinds of multiuser MIMO selection algorithms.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment and Figure of description, the present invention is described in detail, but is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1,
As Figure 1-3.
Based on the multiuser MIMO user choosing method of conditional number, comprise step as follows:
A, initialization:
Parameter in the current mimo system of initialization; The set of initialization alternative user with selection user S set=φ;
B, renewal user set:
According to subscriber channel Frobenius norm κ i=|| H k|| f, maximize criterion by norm and select first user u i, and upgrade described alternative user set and described selection user set adopt water-filling algorithm computing system capacity C=waterfilling (S);
C, alternative user set reduce process:
To alternative user set reduce process, wherein H sbe the user's polymer matrix selecting user's S set, controling parameter 0.2 is empirical; user u ichannel matrix; Pass through set of computations in each element reduce set with the value of Matrix condition number selecting user to gather;
Find user and adopt water-filling algorithm to calculate temporary system capacity C temp=waterfilling (S+{u j);
D, loop iteration:
If C temp> C, i.e. Δ C=C gain-C loss> 0, then upgrade alternative user set, select user's set and power system capacity c=C temp, and carry out loop iteration next time;
Otherwise, directly carry out loop iteration next time;
By comparison system capacity C and temporary system capacity C tempjudge user u iadd and whether make systematic function be improved; If that is C temp> C, now user satisfies condition and can be selected;
E, loop termination;
Repeat the secondary backed off after random circulation of step C-D (K-1), wherein m is number of transmit antennas, and N is the reception antenna number of each user configured equivalent; This expression formula is when BD precoding, the maximum size that system can be held, namely with cocycle K-1 take second place backed off after random circulation.

Claims (5)

1., based on the multiuser MIMO user choosing method of conditional number, it is characterized in that, comprise step as follows:
A, initialization:
Parameter in the current mimo system of initialization; The set of initialization alternative user with selection user S set=φ;
B, renewal user set:
Select first user u i, and upgrade described alternative user set and described selection user set computing system capacity C=waterfilling (S);
C, alternative user set reduce process:
To alternative user set reduce process, wherein H sbe the user's polymer matrix selecting user's S set, controling parameter α is empirical; user u ichannel matrix;
Find user and calculate temporary system capacity C temp=waterfilling (S+{u j);
D, loop iteration:
If C temp> C, i.e. Δ C=C gain-C loss> 0, then upgrade alternative user set, select user's set and power system capacity c=C temp, and carry out loop iteration next time;
Otherwise, directly carry out loop iteration next time;
E, loop termination;
Repeat the secondary backed off after random circulation of step C-D (K-1), wherein m is number of transmit antennas, and N is the reception antenna number of each user configured equivalent.
2., as claimed in claim 1 based on the multiuser MIMO user choosing method of conditional number, it is characterized in that, in described steps A, select first user u iconcrete grammar be: according to subscriber channel Frobenius norm κ i=|| H k|| f, maximize criterion by norm and select first user u i.
3., as claimed in claim 1 based on the multiuser MIMO user choosing method of conditional number, it is characterized in that, calculate in described step B in power system capacity C, described step C and calculate temporary system capacity C tempmethod be water-filling algorithm.
4. as claimed in claim 1 based on the multiuser MIMO user choosing method of conditional number, it is characterized in that, in described step C, find user concrete grammar be find user by the method for maximum norm also the user that norm is maximum is namely selected.
5., as claimed in claim 1 based on the multiuser MIMO user choosing method of conditional number, it is characterized in that, in described step C, the value of described controling parameter α is 0.2.
CN201510202422.1A 2015-04-23 2015-04-23 Multiuser MIMO user choosing method based on conditional number Expired - Fee Related CN104868943B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107864001A (en) * 2017-10-24 2018-03-30 深圳大学 A kind of antenna selecting method of low complex degree

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CN101150877A (en) * 2007-05-09 2008-03-26 中国科学技术大学 Improved multi-user selection method for block diagonally multi-in and multi-out system based on model
CN102130709A (en) * 2011-04-20 2011-07-20 中国科学技术大学 Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) multicasting beamforming method
CN102970116A (en) * 2012-12-10 2013-03-13 哈尔滨工业大学 Method for selecting user with maximum product of effective channel gains in downlink multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)
CN104113399A (en) * 2014-07-15 2014-10-22 同济大学 Multi-user user selection method based on matrix condition number in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system
CN104467930A (en) * 2014-12-09 2015-03-25 山东大学 Multi-user MIMO system user selection method based on space angle

Patent Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101150877A (en) * 2007-05-09 2008-03-26 中国科学技术大学 Improved multi-user selection method for block diagonally multi-in and multi-out system based on model
CN102130709A (en) * 2011-04-20 2011-07-20 中国科学技术大学 Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) multicasting beamforming method
CN102970116A (en) * 2012-12-10 2013-03-13 哈尔滨工业大学 Method for selecting user with maximum product of effective channel gains in downlink multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)
CN104113399A (en) * 2014-07-15 2014-10-22 同济大学 Multi-user user selection method based on matrix condition number in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system
CN104467930A (en) * 2014-12-09 2015-03-25 山东大学 Multi-user MIMO system user selection method based on space angle

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107864001A (en) * 2017-10-24 2018-03-30 深圳大学 A kind of antenna selecting method of low complex degree
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