CN104866549B - A kind of terrain environment Database Systems suitable for Multi-Agent simulation - Google Patents
A kind of terrain environment Database Systems suitable for Multi-Agent simulation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104866549B CN104866549B CN201510237234.2A CN201510237234A CN104866549B CN 104866549 B CN104866549 B CN 104866549B CN 201510237234 A CN201510237234 A CN 201510237234A CN 104866549 B CN104866549 B CN 104866549B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- terrain
- database
- data
- service
- entity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/29—Geographical information databases
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Data Mining & Analysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Processing Or Creating Images (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of terrain environment Database Systems suitable for Multi-Agent simulation, architecture, data model and the specific tables of data and file format of database are devised, system is made of large-scale terrain relationship type service database, Terrain Service database manager, data conversion tools, terrain analysis application database, terrain visualization application database, network data communication module and database application programming interface (API)；It is by the information service of database, the data processing of personnel is mutually unified with operation and application operation, it is divided into two data hierarchies of data service layer and data application layer, it solves Multi-Agent simulation system to access high-resolution terrain data real-time high-efficiency, for the emulation integrated practical problem of large-scale terrain data management maintenance and terrain visualization, data supporting is provided for the real time environment analysis of intelligent troops and tactical decision.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to a kind of terrain environment databases, and in particular to a kind of terrain environment number suitable for Multi-Agent simulation
According to library system, belong to Computer Warfare Simulation technical field.
【Background technology】
Computer Warfare Simulation analyzes experimental method as a kind of military issue of modernization, auxiliary with decision in war forecasting
It helps, operational concepts and tactics research, operational commanding and skill training and the military science researches such as Armament Demonstration and experimental study
Every field play an important role.With going deep into combat system complexity Journal of Sex Research, with multi-agent Technology pair
It is that current fight emulates newest research direction that combat forces and operation, which carry out modeling and simulation,.Terrain environment database is
The important component and data basis of multiple agent combat simulation system are intelligent troops' terrain environment analysis and tactical decision
Important evidence.
Foreign countries are more early to multiple agent operation simulation Technique Study, have been developed for corresponding Simulation Experimental Platform, such as
The Swarm Multi-Agent simulation platforms of the Einstein and Sang Tafei research institutes (SFI) of analysis center of USN (CNA).But
It is, on the one hand, higher to the description level of abstraction of landform environmental data in these analogue systems, data scale is smaller, resolution ratio
It is relatively low, it cannot be satisfied for true battlefield surroundings, carry out the needs of high-resolution emulation experiment, on the other hand, these experiments
The terrain simulation database of platform is applied database, only meets certain Simulation Application input, processing, storage and uses
The needs of data, and lack the service type database carried out maintenance management to large-scale data.
Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, it is necessory to provide a kind of landform suitable for Multi-Agent simulation of innovation
Environment data base system, to overcome the defect in the prior art.
【Invention content】
To solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of terrain environment data suitable for Multi-Agent simulation
Library system.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution that the present invention takes is：A kind of terrain environment suitable for Multi-Agent simulation
Database Systems comprising large-scale terrain relationship type service database, Terrain Service database manager, data conversion work
Tool, terrain analysis application database, terrain visualization application database, network data communication module and database application are compiled
Journey interface；Wherein, the Terrain Service database manager is taken by network data communication module and large-scale terrain relationship type
Business database, data conversion tools, terrain visualization application database are connected with terrain analysis application database；It is described extensive
Geographical relationship type service database is run on Terrain Service database server, is taken by network data communication module and landform
Business database manager is connected；The data conversion tools pass through network data communication module and Terrain Service database manager
It is connected；The terrain analysis application database is connected by network data communication module with Terrain Service database manager, is led to
It crosses database application programming interface and provides data service for Simulation Application；The terrain visualization application database passes through net
Network data communication module is connected with Terrain Service database manager.
The present invention the terrain environment Database Systems suitable for Multi-Agent simulation be further：The large-scale terrain closes
Be type service database include topographical surface elevation point entity, spatial position point entity, point-like character object entity, line feature object
Entity, planar characteristic body entity, texture image entity and model object entity；The point-like character object entity, line feature object
Entity and planar characteristic body entity, by some or several spatial position points realization positioning.
The present invention the terrain environment Database Systems suitable for Multi-Agent simulation be further：The terrain analysis application
Database according to basic grid layer, grid index layer, feature locations layer, characteristic attribute layer and the motor-driven layer of road 5 layer data libraries
Model is built.
The present invention the terrain environment Database Systems suitable for Multi-Agent simulation can also be：The network data communication mould
Block uses ethernet communication mode, and using the server client form of ICP/IP protocol, the communication server is embedded in Terrain Service
In database manager, client is embedded in large-scale terrain relationship type service database, data conversion tools, terrain analysis application
It is used in database and terrain visualization application database.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：The landform suitable for Multi-Agent simulation of the present invention
Environment data base system is directed to actual demand of the Multi-Agent simulation for battlefield environment database, and the information of database is taken
Business, data processing and the operation and application operation of personnel mutually unify, realize the Database Systems pattern of " Trinity ", solve
Multi-Agent simulation system for high-resolution terrain data real-time high-efficiency access, for large-scale terrain data management safeguard and
The emulation integrated practical problem of terrain visualization provides data branch for the real time environment analysis of intelligent troops and tactical decision
Support.
【Description of the drawings】
Fig. 1 is the system assumption diagram of the terrain environment Database Systems suitable for Multi-Agent simulation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the large-scale terrain relationship type service database ER illustratons of model of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the large-scale terrain relationship type service database data list structure figure of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the terrain analysis application database hierarchy Model figure of the present invention
Fig. 5 is the road topology figure of the present invention
Fig. 6 is the motor-driven model of a layered structure figure of road of the present invention
Fig. 7 is the terrain texture map performance indicator modular concept figure of the present invention
【Specific implementation mode】
It please refers to shown in Figure of description 1 to attached drawing 7, the present invention is a kind of terrain environment number suitable for Multi-Agent simulation
According to library system, by the information service of database, data processing and the operation and application operation of personnel are mutually unified, and data clothes are divided into
Business two data hierarchies of layer and data application layer, it is high in real time for high-resolution terrain data to solve Multi-Agent simulation system
Effect accesses, for the emulation integrated practical problem of large-scale terrain data management maintenance and terrain visualization, for intelligent troops
Real time environment analysis and tactical decision provide data supporting.
The terrain environment Database Systems suitable for Multi-Agent simulation of the present invention include large-scale terrain relationship type service
Database, Terrain Service database manager, data conversion tools, terrain analysis application database, terrain visualization application number
According to library, network data communication module and database application programming interface (API), wherein：
Terrain Service database manager is run on Terrain Service database management computer, passes through network data communication
Module and large-scale terrain relationship type service database, data conversion tools, terrain visualization application database and terrain analysis
Application database is connected, and is Connection Service database and the middleware of application database, in data acquisition phase, manager will count
It according to transformed various terrain datas, is stored in large-scale terrain relationship type service database by computer network, and will
Domain expert for various topographic(al) features in the affecting parameters input database of operation record, in the data application stage,
User's operation manager is according to the actual needs of Simulation Application, the topographic constraints item such as the setting theater of war, resolution ratio, data content
Part reads and generates terrain data file from large-scale terrain relationship type service database, and being sent to landform by network can
Depending on changing in application database and terrain analysis application database, data service is provided for Simulation Application；
Large-scale terrain relationship type service database is run on topographic database server, passes through network data communication mould
Block is connected with Terrain Service database manager, is the physical memory cell of graphic data on a large scale, using general relationship type
Database operating system is realized, is stored to data using multiple relation database tables that are mutually related, and is acquired in data
In the stage, the various terrain datas provided according to manager are stored, right according to the visiting demand of manager in the application stage
Data are provided；
Data conversion tools are run on data conversion computer, pass through network data communication module and Terrain Service data
Librarian is connected, and service is provided for Terrain Service database manager, is used in the typing stage of data, by using the work
Tool, by multiple means and approach, in the global range of acquisition, the terrain datas of various general international standards (including landform height
Number of passes evidence, soil soil property data, cultural traits data and terrain texture data etc.) in do not meet internal system data model and want
The data asked carry out Data Format Transform；
Terrain analysis application database applies on each emulation terminal computer, passes through network data communication module and landform
Service data librarian is connected, and provides data service for Simulation Application by database application programming interface (API), adopts
It is realized with the form of file based database application, according to basic grid layer, grid index layer, feature locations layer, characteristic attribute layer
It is built with 5 layer data library models of the motor-driven layer of road, during simulation run, intelligent simulation entity is read by elevation
Take, intervisibility judge, distance measurements calculate etc. API read terrain data information, provide basis of environmental for tactical decision；
Terrain visualization application database applies on each emulation terminal computer, passes through network data communication module and ground
Shape service data librarian is connected, and reads and render the landform in terrain visualization application database by graphics rendering engine
Information provides data service for Simulation Application, is realized in the form of file based database application, includes mainly triangle wire side
Division and two parts of terrain texture map, during simulation run, emulation rendering engine is compiled by database application
Journey interface reads the triangular facet and data texturing of terrain visualization application database, carries out three-dimensional visualization rendering to landform, is
Multiple agent operation simulation process information provides visualization display means；
The database application programming interface (API) applies on each emulation terminal computer, is mainly used for ground
The reading of conformal analysis application database and the analysis of terrain data are existed using the physical form of dynamic base, can be embedded in emulation system
It is used in system, there is cross-platform universal performance, during simulation run, Simulation Application can be realized by the API reads ground
Graphic data information carries out tactical analysis, the based data services function such as planning road maneuvring route to landform.
The network data communication module is run on each computer of Database Systems, realizes Database Systems not
The network communication of congenerous intermodule is led to using ethernet communication mode using the server client form of ICP/IP protocol
Telecommunications services device is embedded in Terrain Service database manager, and client is embedded in large-scale terrain relationship type service database, data
It is used in crossover tool, terrain analysis application database and terrain visualization application database.
Fig. 1 is terrain environment database architecture figure；
Terrain environment Database Systems by large-scale terrain relationship type service database, Terrain Service database manager,
Data conversion tools, terrain analysis application database, terrain visualization application database, network data communication module and database
Application programming interface (API) forms.Wherein, large-scale terrain relationship type service database, Terrain Service data base administration
Device and data conversion tools run on remote service end, terrain analysis application database, terrain visualization application database sum number
Simulation Application local is run on according to library application programming interface (API), passes through network data communication module between each function module
It is connected.
The general operational process of system is：
1) it after being converted various terrain environment data by data conversion tools by Terrain Service database manager, deposits
It stores up into large-scale terrain relationship type service database；
2) according to specific artificial tasks needs, large-scale terrain relationship type is read by Terrain Service database manager
Terrain environment data in service database generate needed for terrain analysis application database and terrain visualization application database
Terrain data library file, and Simulation Application local computer is sent to by network data communication module.
3) local Simulation Application reads terrain analysis application database by database application programming interface (API)
With the data file in terrain visualization application database, the dynamic dispatching between disk and memory is carried out, realizes intelligent troops
Real time environment is analyzed and the three-dimensional visualization of tactical decision and battlefield terrain environment is shown.
The data model and data format of service database and application database：
1) design data of large-scale terrain relationship type service database
The design of large-scale terrain relationship type service database includes two stages of conceptual design and logical design,
ER conceptual models are used in middle conceptual design, ER figures are established, then by the transformation rule of the ER figures of summary to tables of data, in conjunction with big
The actual features of scale geographical relationship type service database convert the ER conceptual models of terrain data to number used in DBMS
Structure is seized according to patrolling for table, process is carried out in strict accordance with the ER methods and conversion method of specification, to ensure that the reasonability of design,
Eliminate the efficient and consistency that data redundancy ensure that database.
(1) large-scale terrain relationship type service database ER models
Entity expressed by large-scale terrain relationship type service database includes topographical surface elevation point entity, spatial position
Point entity, point-like character object entity, line feature object entity, planar characteristic body entity, texture image entity and model object are real
Body.Due to point-like character object entity, line feature object entity and the planar characteristic body entity in topographic database conceptual model,
Realize positioning by some or several spatial positions points, thus three kinds of entities of point, line, surface and spatial position point entity it
Between be formed 1: 1 and 1: the spatial relationships of N, and the relationship due to being formed between surface elevation point entity and other entities
There is no actual meaning in this database, therefore surface elevation point exists as independent entity, the large-scale terrain of formation
Relationship type service database ER models, as shown in Figure 2.
(2) large-scale terrain relationship type service database Data Sheet Design
By each element in the ER figures of drafting, tables of data and its field are converted to.For all entities in ER figures point
Tables of data is not established.Other attributes of surface elevation point entity in addition to ground Table Properties, earth model and projection type correspond to respectively
A field in tables of data, by (longitude, latitude) as one combination major key, according in terrain data abstract model for belong to
Property ranking of features description model, earth's surface attributive character is abstracted as motor-driven influence rank, firepower influences rank and (finds influence grade
Not, injuring influences rank) and communication influence rank, therefore for the ground Table Properties of surface elevation point entity, establish respectively motor-driven
Influence rank table finds to influence rank table, injures influence rank table and communication influence rank table, in surface elevation point entity table
It is corresponding establish it is motor-driven, find, injure, communicate influence level field, and as it is each influence rank table external key, ground is ball
Type and projection type establish tables of data respectively, in surface elevation point entity tables of data, establish earth type number and throwing respectively
Shadow type number field, and as the external key of ground ball type and projection type.Dotted entity, Linear Entity and planar entity
In in addition to influencing attribute, classification and type other establish respective field, number is regard as its major key, for influencing the processing of attribute
It is identical as the ground Table Properties of surface elevation point entity, corresponding level field is established in physical data table and as external key, is drawn
With properties level table, tables of data is established respectively for classification and type, and established accordingly in point, line, surface physical data table
Field.For using relationship, directly establish that texture uses and model uses field and as phase in the tables of data using entity
Answer the external key of tables of data major key.For positioning relation, point entity number, face entity are established respectively in space orientation point data table
Number, line entity number field, and as external key, corresponding physical data table is quoted.It is converted by above
It is as shown in Figure 3 to final data list structure.
2) design data of terrain analysis application database
Terrain analysis application database is that the topographic database of real time access is needed in Combat Simulation System operational process,
It is the data basis of intelligent troops' real time environment analysis and tactical decision, is that this patent is different from other general terrain simulation numbers
According to the emphasis in library, in design, the data service capabilities of the quick real time access of main prominent intelligent troops, therefore stored in data
Format, information institutional framework and physical space distribution etc. have many compared with large-scale terrain relationship type service database
It is different.According to the analysis of landform simulation data base functional requirement, terrain analysis application database will be used and will be made of multiple files
File based database application, distribution run on each Simulation Application.
(1) hierarchical model of terrain analysis application database
Which type of structural model is terrain analysis application database use, mainly by the storage content of database and content
Description method determine.According to the analysis for terrain information abstract model, the data stored in application database can return
It receives as terrain elevation data, cultural traits position data and characteristic attribute data three classes.The method for describing terrain data, mainly has
Two kinds of Grid Method and vector method, landform is exactly divided into multiple grids by Grid Method, and each grid is described, to reach
To each place of landform carry out data description purpose, landform is described using this method, have facilitate positioning, inquiry and
The advantages that various analyses calculate, but by description precision and data volume this on contradictory influence, using with certain limitation
Property；Vector method can carry out data more accurate description, at the same can be to avoid data redundancy the problem of, but it is fixed in search
Position and various models are complex in calculating, and use vector method merely, can not meet the needs of terrain data description, therefore
Landform application database, which uses, is combined Grid Method and vector method, for the stratification of different description object hierarchical descriptions
Structural model.Terrain analysis application database hierarchy Model, as shown in Figure 4.
A. basic grid layer
The mesh generation of basic grid layer and the mesh generation of landform altitude model (DEM) are corresponding, each grid is deposited
Ground elevation information and property index information are stored up, therefore basic grid layer is divided into landform altitude layer and property index layer again, is adopted
With the storage organization of such basic grid layer can for entire landform altitude data and each department for it is motor-driven, find, ruin
The influence of wound and communication efficiency is completely described, and the data corresponding to each grid are：(elevation, motor-driven rank are found
Rank injures rank, communicates rank).
B. feature locations layer
Since feature locations data are compared with altitude data, it is not distributed across entire landform, but relatively small concentration
It is present in some region, so if the method using rasterizing is described, while causing a large amount of data redundancy,
The positioning accuracy of feature is also affected, therefore the method that should use vector quantization is expressed.Feature locations layer is again according to landform
The abstract shapes of cultural traits entity, have been divided into point, line, surface characteristic layer, and the storage data of each feature are：(characteristic ID, class
Other ID, type ID, title, motor-driven rank find rank, injure rank, communicate rank, position starting point, position end point),
There is no spatial relation between each data, but the storage that the progress of sequence is linear.
C. the motor-driven layer of road
Road is a kind of special line feature target also to be needed in addition to the searching requirement for meeting general line feature target
The road net data information on basis to be provided for the path planning of intelligent troops.A road terminal is specified for example, needing to realize, is made
Intelligent troops automatically select road and carry out motor-driven function, then, the simple linear memory relationship using other line features,
The path planning model of intelligent troops will be given to bring huge complex calculation, the requirement of real-time cannot be met, therefore just need
The road information by special node store structure design is provided for the path planning model of intelligent troops, for this purpose, in terrain simulation
The special independent design motor-driven layer of road in application database.
For road information as a kind of Vector Message there are mainly two types of storage method, one kind is simple relation storage method, one
Kind is storage manner of topology relations.Simple relation storage method, i.e., between each entity with forerunner and subsequent linear relationship into
Row storage, this storage method relationship is simple, and lookup and traversing operation are carried out convenient for being directed to some entity, but can not be to each
Spatial relationship between a entity is expressed, and complicated relationship analysis operation can not be completed based on this data；Topology is closed
It is storage method, i.e., is stored with certain space or hierarchical relationship between each entity, this storage method realizes complexity, but
The irrealizable complex relationship operation of simple storage relationship institute can be completed, however compared with simple relation storage method, for
Determine that the traversing operation of individual is not again very convenient.
Since intelligent troops have road information the actual needs of complex space relational calculus in emulation of fighting, because
This, it is necessary in the motor-driven layer of road include the road information stored with topological relation.Due between the road in real world, and
There is no certain specific hierarchical relationships, but are interweaved, and manifest a kind of netted spatial relationship, therefore be directed to road information
Actual features, it is used figure topological structure describe it is the most suitable.If V is a nonempty set, E is that V element pair is (more
Weight) set, it is figure to claim ordered pair (V, E), is denoted as G=(V, E).Wherein the element of V is known as the vertex of G, and V is known as the vertex set of G,
If E is the ordered pair set of element in V, the element of E is known as the arc of G, and E is known as the arc collection of G, and G is known as digraph；If E is in V
The unordered pair set of element, then the element of E be known as the side of G, E is known as the side collection of G, and G is known as non-directed graph.Since road is without side
Tropism, therefore the figure of road composition is non-directed graph, and according to the definition for figure in graph theory, road topology structure is made such as Fig. 5
Shown in abstractdesription.Wherein, including five highways, according to the abstract model of linear information, each highway is expressed as multiple
The broken line that location point is connected, unlike the road information of terrain simulation service database offer, in the motor-driven layer of road
In, the location point that each road is intersected is inserted into original road data, to adapt to the number of mileage chart shape topological structure expression
According to needs.
According to general Graph Theory, all broken lines can be made using all location points in road as vertex
For side, to one mileage chart of structure, all roading functions are may be implemented, but the road built along these lines
In the figure of road, contain a large amount of linear information, rather than pure pattern structure, as in road 1 the 2nd, 3,4,5 vertex, just
It is a kind of linear relationship, therefore this figure, the advantage of line style and pattern structure respectively is not made full use of, so that affecting
The search efficiency of road information and the utilization rate of memory space.Therefore, this patent takes full advantage of the own characteristic of road information, and
The application target of terrain simulation devises the storage organization of mileage chart, which takes full advantage of line style and pattern structure
Respective advantage, two kinds of structures are merged, the basic thought for establishing the structural model is：
By all location points of road network, it is divided into two classes, a kind of vertex as road topology figure, including all roads
The crosspoint of endpoint and road and road, as shown in the thoroughfare position point for using grid filling in Fig. 6, another kind of is common road
Except the location point as vertex in road location point, including all thoroughfare position points, the road position as grid filling is not used in Fig. 6
Set a little shown in.No matter whether there is general position point between vertex and vertex, no matter also there are several general position points, all by it
The a line being considered as in mileage chart, in this way according to the definition for figure in graph theory, road topology relationship is it has been established that wherein V=
{ endpoint and road of road and the crosspoint of road }, the E={ connections between the endpoint and road and the crosspoint of road of road
Relationship to, G (road topology figure)={ V, E }.But by common thoroughfare position point, being excluded in except vertex set V can cause
The loss of part road shape information, therefore individually progress is simple linear by the road segment segment corresponding to all sides in mileage chart
Storage changes traditional method for storing a road as an entity, and by the location index number of road segment segment, makees
Power for road topology figure side is described, so far, just by the location information of the motor-driven layer of road all roads to be expressed into
It has gone scientific and reasonable structure organization, but since road its attribute is essentially identical, according to current structural model, has needed
It is defined to what the different road segment segments of same path repeated, the retrieval simultaneously for a certain specified road is also brought
Influence in terms of efficiency, therefore in structural model, but be specifically added road is described as a whole it is basic
Message structure includes mainly the description to its attributive character, and complete road net structure model is as shown in Figure 6.
D. grid index layer
For spatial data description there are mainly two types of method, one is rasterizing description, another kind is that vector quantization describes,
It is easy to carry out positioning searching and management to spatial data using the method for rasterizing, but data volume is big, using the side of vector quantization
Method saves memory space, and description is accurate, and can carry out some complicated spatial operations.Due to feature locations (including road) number
It is described according to the method for using vector quantization, therefore realizes that efficient space querying is more difficult.For example, armored vehicle is on ground
It needs to obtain all pools and river information during face is motor-driven, then carries out collision detection, to influence to fill
First vehicle it is motor-driven, for this functional requirement, if the information of the feature locations layer using most original, it is necessary in panzer
Among each mobile simulation step length, traversal from first to last is carried out to all lines, face data, find first pool and
River characteristic, then judges whether armored vehicle is contacted with the pool and river, to the motor-driven production to armored vehicle
It is raw to influence, it can be seen that the such spatial position locating function of information realization of the simple feature locations layer using most original is realized
It is less efficient, if data volume is larger, it cannot be satisfied the performance requirement of application database real-time.The motor-driven layer situation of road with
This is identical, although having used complicated topological structure, the work(of the road nearest apart from certain point is searched if necessary to realize
Can, efficiency is still relatively low.
To make full use of vector data accurate positioning, the high advantage of storage data space utilization rate, while overcoming thus band
The certain space querying functions of coming realize difficult defect, therefore net is added in the hierarchical structure of terrain simulation application database
Lattice index level.Grid index layer is actually also to be stored to spatial data using Grid Method.It is similar to basic grid layer, net
Landform is also carried out the division of grid by lattice index level, but its size of mesh opening is big compared with basic grid layer, specific grid ruler
Very little size needs to be determined according to the number and density degree of feature quantity.In each grid of grid index layer
The index of storage characteristic (including road) can lead to due to judging that operation entity is higher in some grid efficiency
It includes those characteristics to cross grid where first determining whether, then judges the side specifically interacted with which feature object again
Method improves the space querying efficiency of characteristic.Since armored vehicle is during motor-driven, by line, region feature entity
It is affected, needs frequently to interact, therefore include only dotted information with the grid index layer of previous topographic database
Difference, in grid index layer in the patent, by point, line (including road) and planar feature to its index value all in index level
It is stored.
E. characteristic attribute layer
Content described in characteristic attribute layer is the attribute information of various topographic(al) features in application database, actually
Motor-driven rank in service database finds rank, injures rank and the local file expression of communication rank tables of data, for application
The other information layer of database provides the specific data of characteristic attribute, to solve the data of application database to greatest extent
Redundancy issue makes full use of memory space, improves the efficiency that information uses.
(2) file format of terrain analysis application database
According to the hierarchical model of application database, the file included by application database can be divided into base accordingly
This grid data file, grid index data file, feature locations data file, characteristic attribute data file and the motor-driven number of road
According to file, All Files are all made of binary mode storage, to facilitate application program to read and save memory space, All Files
Format all embodies a kind of design philosophy in design, and be to guarantee file data directly reads and support dynamic data
Scheduling ensures program Effec-tive Function to make full use of memory headroom.
A. basic grid data file
The file format of basic grid data file is：
File header { grid interval (double), grid columns (int), grid line number (int) }
Data portion：{ (elevation (double), motor-driven grade (int) find grade (int), injure grade (int), lead to
Believe grade (int)) ... }, wherein data portion is according to since the grid in the most lower left corner of entire terrain mesh, according to row
What the sequence of sequence was stored, wherein elevation represents the high level of grid, and remainder data represents the characteristic attribute of the grid.
B. grid index data file
Grid index data file is divided into three parts, and first part is file header, the grid rope that second part is characterized
Draw, Part III is characterized ID data, according to this stored in file format, can ensure the data of the grid index part of feature
The size of entry is identical, ensure that the efficiency of reading.
Wherein, file header is identical as basic grid data file, after file header since the lower left corner of index grid, presses
It is stored according to row sequence, each data entry is { position (int), number (int) }, is file after data above
The ID of all feature entities is carried out sequential storage, in this way, reading by Part III according to storage order identical with index grid
After having taken position and the number in some index grid of file second part, so that it may all with directly read that it is included
The ID of feature entity.
C. feature locations data file
Feature locations data file includes three parts, and first part includes the number (int) of feature, the second part
It is the essential information of all feature entities, third part is the position point data of all feature entities.
The second part of file, sequential storage { (characteristic ID (int), category IDs (int), type ID (int), title
(char (256), motor-driven rank (int) find rank (int), injure rank (int), communication rank (int), position starting point
(int), position end point (int)) }, third part order stores the location point of all feature entities, each location point
Data are { X (double), Y (double), Z (double) }.
D. characteristic attribute data file
Characteristic attribute data file is divided into five parts, motor-driven, find, injure, communicating rank data and arm of the services classification number
According to the file storage structure of wherein first four part is roughly the same, is divided into as two parts of data head and data, and data head is
{ rank number (int), arm of the services number n (int), first arm of the services code name (int), second arm of the services code name (int) ... n-th
A arm of the services code name (int) }, data portion is according to { rank (int), the influence coefficient (doubie) ... to first arm of the services is to n-th
A arm of the services influences coefficient (double) } sequential storage, Part V is according to { arm of the services code name (int), title (char (256) }
Format, storage description in need arm of the services data.
E. the motor-driven data file of road
According to the structural model of the motor-driven layer of road, the motor-driven data file of road is divided into four parts, and first part is file
Head, including { road quantity (int), the quantity (int) on side } two data, second part is road data, and Part III is to open up
The data on the side in relationship are flutterred, Part IV is the data of all the points.
The road data of second part is according to { serial number (int), side starting point (int), side terminal (int), motor-driven rank
(int), find rank (int), injure rank (int), communication rank (int) } structure carry out sequence storage.Part III
Side data according to { serial number (int), starting point (int), terminal (int) } structure, according to the sequence of the road belonging to it
It is stored.Part IV is by all point datas according to { serial number (int), X (double), Y (double), vertex number
(int) } structure is stored according to the data order on Part III side, and wherein vertex number refers in road topology structure
Vertex number is set as 0 by the unique number of vertex in the database, other common location points.The side starting point of road data and
Side terminal corresponds to serial number of the number of edges in, and beginning and end of the number of edges in corresponds to the serial number of point data, so as to form
The topological structure of the motor-driven layer of complete road.
3) design data of terrain visualization application database
Terrain visualization application database is to be specifically used to the geometric properties of description terrain visualization model and its had
Visual attribute database.The geometric properties that terrain visualization simulation data base is recorded, which essentially describe, constitutes landform table
The polygon and its vertex position in face, visual attribute then describe color corresponding with the polygon of geometric properties, material,
The information such as texture.Terrain visualization simulation data base can directly be used by real-time system, according to the real-time wash with watercolours of the information of database
Terrain scene is contaminated, therefore, in order to ensure that the efficiency rendered, is generally stored in the form of file.
(1) proposition of texture mapping performance indicator
This patent is the performance for ensureing visualization application database texture mapping, has devised and embodied the performance of texture mapping
The generation of index, terrain visualization application database texture file is wanted according to the actual needs of Simulation Application according to performance indicator
It asks, is generated by large-scale terrain relationship type service database.
According to the basic principle of texture mapping, there is three kinds of corresponding passes between the texel of texture image and the pixel of screen
System：First, the texel of a texture image just corresponds to a pixel of screen, this is a kind of optimal state, texture image
Full-scale mapping, display effect are best；Second is that the texel of a texture image corresponds to multiple screen pixels, in this case,
It will be amplified filtering to texture image, to cause the decline of picture quality, influence the display effect of texture；Third, texture
Multiple texels of image correspond to a screen pixels, in this case it is necessary to carry out compression filtering to texture, thus also can be to line
The quality of reason image has an impact, but due in this case, it can be by texture mapping technology advanced Mipmap etc. to image
Softening is carried out, and since figure itself is smaller, the influence to visual effect generation is small compared with the second situation in this case.
Therefore, be improve terrain texture using effect, how it is appropriate selection texture size and by texture be applied to it is appropriately sized
Topographical surface, with reach or close to texture mapping the first ideal corresponding situation, just become terrain texture application
Key.Terrain texture is excessive, and the texture memory of computer hardware can not be born；It is too small, then generate serious image fault, shadow
Ring the visual effect of terrain visualization.It is less for the research of terrain texture performance indicator, it is only provided in general information
Empirical value, and since the terrain simulation of armored force Combat Simulation System is a kind of ground surface or terrain emulation, compared with high-altitude terrain simulation
Speech, the requirement higher for texture, therefore the performance indicator of terrain texture is carried out to determine quantifier elimination, there is stronger reality
Property and practicability, can effectively reduce modeling test number, greatly improve terrain simulation modeling efficiency.
Since in texture mapping, a texel corresponding with a pixel is a kind of ideal texture mapping feelings
Condition, meanwhile, and due under specific observation condition, also there is certain ratio to close between the actual range and screen coordinate of landform
System, therefore herein, using the length of the corresponding actual landform of every texel as the index for weighing texture mapping performance, unit is
Rice/texel (m/textel).Below its mathematical model is established for the performance indicator of texture mapping.
Model hypothesis：Observer vertically watches landform in certain altitude (such case requires highest to terrain texture).
Model variable：
mpt：Landform rice number corresponding to per texel
h：For the height on view distance ground
hfov：The level angle of visual field
vfov：The vertical angle of visual field
x：The horizontal pixel of screen
y：The vertical pixel of screen
Modular concept is as shown in Figure 7.
The general level angle of visual field and the ratio of vertical angle and screen level pixel and the ratio of vertical pixel are identical,
Therefore following formula is obtained：
By taking the visual simulating of armored force Combat Simulation System as an example, general viewpoint is apart from ground 2-3 meters, vision range
Generally 30 degree or so, therefore h=2, hfov=30, x=1024 are set, it is approximately equal to 0.015 according to calculation formula mpt, that is, is pressed
According to above assumed condition, in the texture mapping of terrain visualization emulation, each texel of texture image corresponds to actual landform
0.015 meter or so.
(2) OpenFlight terrain visualizations application database and its Hierarchical Optimization method
The terrain visualization application database of this patent is stored using the OpenFlight document format datas increased income,
And optimize on this basis, improve efficiency.
OpenFlight visual simulating databases are MPI (Multigen-Paradigm) companies specifically for visualization
The actual demand of Simulation Application, and the hierarchical data library designed and developed.The database has not only been full of model visualization letter
The storage of breath and access function rapidly and efficiently, while also supporting the expansion of many advanced model cootrol technologies in visual simulating
Exhibition, becomes visual simulating field and is most widely used, function visual simulating database the most comprehensive, therefore also becomes
The industrywide standard of the visual simulating database field fact.
OpenFlight visual simulating databases are using a kind of tree-like, node type, the data structure organization shape of hierarchy
Formula, this is the key that be different from other three-dimensional database data organization forms, and this data base organization's form is not only convenient for building
Adjustment and the editor for directly carrying out structure when mould to database also allow for carrying out various traversals to model in real-time rendering, such as
What determines that the hierarchical structure of tree structure has important influence for rendering efficiency.
This patent optimizes the hierarchical structure of database using space structure.What is optimized according to space structure
In database layer level structure, scene domain is divided into four regions, a group node is established for each region, it will be in the region
Atural object be placed under the group node, the range of such region group node is smaller, reject operation viewing volume test for intersection in,
Only the 1st region and the 3rd region are intersecting therewith, therefore the data under the 1st and the 3rd group node are only sent to render pipeline and carry out wash with watercolours
Dye, to reduce the burden of render process, improves the efficiency of drawing.
Above specific implementation mode is only the preferred embodiment of this creation, all in this wound not to limit this creation
Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done within the spirit and principle of work, should be included in this creation protection domain it
It is interior.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of terrain environment Database Systems suitable for Multi-Agent simulation, it is characterised in that：Including large-scale terrain relationship
Type service database, Terrain Service database manager, data conversion tools, terrain analysis application database, terrain visualization
Application database, network data communication module and database application programming interface；Wherein, the Terrain Service data depositary management
Reason device passes through network data communication module and large-scale terrain relationship type service database, data conversion tools, terrain visualization
Application database is connected with terrain analysis application database；The large-scale terrain relationship type service database runs on landform clothes
It is engaged on database server, is connected with Terrain Service database manager by network data communication module；The data conversion
Tool is connected by network data communication module with Terrain Service database manager；The terrain analysis application database passes through
Network data communication module is connected with Terrain Service database manager, is that emulation is answered by database application programming interface
With offer data service；The terrain visualization application database passes through network data communication module and Terrain Service data depositary management
Manage device be connected, the large-scale terrain relationship type service database include topographical surface elevation point entity, spatial position point entity,
Point-like character object entity, line feature object entity, planar characteristic body entity, texture image entity and model object entity；It is described
Point-like character object entity, line feature object entity and planar characteristic body entity, by some or several spatial position points
Realize positioning, the terrain analysis application database is according to basic grid layer, grid index layer, feature locations layer, characteristic attribute
5 layer data library models of layer and the motor-driven layer of road are built, and the network data communication module uses ethernet communication mode,
Using the server client form of ICP/IP protocol, the communication server is embedded in Terrain Service database manager, client
Embedded large-scale terrain relationship type service database, data conversion tools, terrain analysis application database and terrain visualization are answered
It is used in database.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510237234.2A CN104866549B (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2015-05-12 | A kind of terrain environment Database Systems suitable for Multi-Agent simulation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510237234.2A CN104866549B (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2015-05-12 | A kind of terrain environment Database Systems suitable for Multi-Agent simulation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104866549A CN104866549A (en) | 2015-08-26 |
| CN104866549B true CN104866549B (en) | 2018-09-04 |
Family
ID=53912376
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510237234.2A Expired - Fee Related CN104866549B (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2015-05-12 | A kind of terrain environment Database Systems suitable for Multi-Agent simulation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104866549B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108446327A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-08-24 | 平安科技（深圳）有限公司 | Operation system dynamic creation method, device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN109686165A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-04-26 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of the train lightweight simulation system and its construction method of multiple motion platforms |
| CN111061816B (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-11-02 | 中国航空综合技术研究所 | Multi-dimensional dynamic standard system construction method |
| CN112307622B (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2024-05-17 | 中国兵器科学研究院 | Autonomous planning system and planning method for generating force by computer |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101354797A (en) * | 2007-07-27 | 2009-01-28 | 上海平安投资有限公司 | Combined detecting system and method |
| CN101369920A (en) * | 2008-10-21 | 2009-02-18 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | Terminal remote management method, system and terminal remote management platform |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060242110A1 (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2006-10-26 | Carbon Project Incorporated | Methods and apparatus for accessing geospatial information |
-
2015
- 2015-05-12 CN CN201510237234.2A patent/CN104866549B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101354797A (en) * | 2007-07-27 | 2009-01-28 | 上海平安投资有限公司 | Combined detecting system and method |
| CN101369920A (en) * | 2008-10-21 | 2009-02-18 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | Terminal remote management method, system and terminal remote management platform |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 基于DIS的防空训练空情保障***;龙涛;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 基础科学辑》;20030315(第1期);I138-199 * |
| 基于远程渲染的移动三维GIS可视化研究;赖东林;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 基础科学辑》;20150215(第2期);A008-61 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104866549A (en) | 2015-08-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110738721B (en) | Three-dimensional scene rendering acceleration method and system based on video geometric analysis | |
| Koller et al. | Virtual GIS: A real-time 3D geographic information system | |
| CN108520557A (en) | A kind of magnanimity building method for drafting of graph image fusion | |
| Vanegas et al. | Modelling the appearance and behaviour of urban spaces | |
| CN106446351A (en) | Real-time drawing-oriented large-scale scene organization and scheduling technology and simulation system | |
| CN104778744B (en) | Extensive three-dimensional forest Visual Scene method for building up based on Lidar data | |
| CN106383965A (en) | Three-dimensional numerical atmospheric visual support system | |
| CN104866549B (en) | A kind of terrain environment Database Systems suitable for Multi-Agent simulation | |
| Zhao | Application of 3D CAD in landscape architecture design and optimization of hierarchical details | |
| CN112528508B (en) | Electromagnetic visualization method and device | |
| CN112017270A (en) | Live-action three-dimensional visualization online application system | |
| CN115272637B (en) | Large-area-oriented three-dimensional virtual ecological environment visual integration and optimization system | |
| CN109872390A (en) | A kind of method for organizing of magnanimity threedimensional model | |
| CN114820975A (en) | Three-dimensional scene simulation reconstruction system and method based on all-element parameter symbolization | |
| Bao et al. | Realistic real-time rendering for large-scale forest scenes | |
| Zhang et al. | [Retracted] Virtual Reality Design and Realization of Interactive Garden Landscape | |
| Li et al. | Terrain visualization information integration in agent-based military industrial logistics simulation | |
| Deng et al. | Multiresolution foliage for forest rendering | |
| shiyun | Level of detail optimization for real-time terrain | |
| Zhang et al. | Design and implementation of GIS+ BIM-based digital campus system | |
| Bao et al. | Billboards for tree simplification and real-time forest rendering | |
| Gruber et al. | Urban data management—A modern approach | |
| Zlatanova | Advances in 3D GIS | |
| Zeng | Research on Dynamic Simulation Technology of Urban 3D Landscape Based on Virtual Reality APP Platform | |
| Deng et al. | Continuous LOD Model of Coniferous Foliage. |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20180904 Termination date: 20190512 |