CN104860501A - Process for harmless treatment of solid drilling waste - Google Patents
Process for harmless treatment of solid drilling waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN104860501A CN104860501A CN201510159640.1A CN201510159640A CN104860501A CN 104860501 A CN104860501 A CN 104860501A CN 201510159640 A CN201510159640 A CN 201510159640A CN 104860501 A CN104860501 A CN 104860501A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process for harmless treatment of solid drilling waste. The process comprises the following steps: (a) dehydration of sludge: a step of subjecting drilling rock debris and sludge to spin-drying and dehydration so as to obtain coarse-grain sludge and sewage containing fine grains; (b) separation of fine-grain sludge: a step of subjecting the sewage containing fine grains to sludge-water separation so as to obtain qualified sewage and the fine-grain sludge; (c) high-temperature pyrolysis of solid waste sludge: a step of conveying solid waste and the coarse-grain and fine-grain sludge at a well field to a compound sludge high-temperature pyrolysis apparatus for preheating and dehydration, stoving, drying and pyrolysis, wherein the conveying direction of the coarse-grain sludge is opposite to the flowing direction of a high-temperature hot-air heat source; (d) separation of dust-containing exhaust gas; (e) treatment of ultrafine dust particles; and (f) secondary high-temperature pyrolysis: a step of carrying out secondary high-temperature pyrolysis on the ultrafine dust particles. The process for harmless treatment of solid drilling waste in the invention has the advantages of high pyrolysis efficiency and low operation cost and can truly realize thorough volume reduction and harmless and recycling treatment of solid drilling waste.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the water base field of sludge treatment of petroleum drilling, particularly relate to a kind of harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique.
Background technology
The water base mud of petroleum drilling is a kind of Chemical Composition waste mud not having calorific value, close bacterium, germ, sporangiocyst, hazardous contaminant etc. containing the natural solid particulate such as solubility salt, ground barium sulfate, wilkinite, suspended substance, polyacrylamide, sulfonated gilsonite, hydrogen sulfide, microorganism, colloid substances in it, also have the chemical additive such as acids, oxygen scavenger, lubricant, sterilant, scale inhibitor injecting stratum.At present, the method processed mud mainly contains biological degradation lignin-sludge method, chemical agent acid-base neutralisation (being commonly called as: desorption) treatment process, sludge curing method for sludge treatment, sludge drying processing method and sludge incineration processing method, high temperature pyrolysis treatment process etc.
Biological degradation lignin-sludge mode is not suitable for the water base sludge treatment of petroleum drilling landwaste, its reason is that the water base mud of petroleum drilling belongs to high viscosity, particle is uneven, water ratio is high, without calorific value, the chemical sludge rubbish that second dehydration is more difficult, remove and municipal wastes, other industrial refuse of calorific value and petroleum drilling oily sludge is had to have outside far different difference, the Chemical Composition of the water base mud of its drilling well itself is also quite complicated, there is obvious time period difference, be mainly reflected in: every a bite petroleum drilling is in different regions, the operating mode of its degree of depth of location and changeable geological formations is all different, ground barium sulfate wherein, polyacrylamide, sulfonated gilsonite adds at times, the waste mud of a upper period and the flow time of subsequent period waste mud and operation operating mode not readily are grasped, control, the Chemical Composition waste mud causing each period different needs to carry out effective classification and deposits respectively, such actually operating difficulty of getting up is very large.After the different chemical composition waste mud of Different periods mixes mutually, just the more difficult reinjected water carrying out effective separation acquisition and can again utilize, so current actual practice is that the sewage collecting be separated is sent to somewhere again and focuses in water tank storage tank.
Chemical agent acid-base neutralisation (or " desorption ") treatment process and cement solidification treatment process are that two kinds of the most frequently used modes of the water base mud of petroleum drilling landwaste are disposed in process at present, they are all that Bian chemical agent carries out acid-base neutralisation process to water based waste mud and obtains neutral mud, then landfill or cement solidification process after pressure Virgin mummification.These two kinds of methods theoretically, can adopt allotment chemical solvents to carry out acid-base neutralisation process to the water base mud of well drilling detritus, the water based waste mud of water ratio >=90% be obtained the neutral mud of water ratio≤75% by multiple solid-liquid separation techniques such as pressure Virgin.But it is (land at different region sections that on-site actual situations is petroleum drilling, marine) and the difference (oil field of kind, oil-gas field) the degree of depth and the operating mode of changeable geological formations all different, the grout composition of every a bite drilling well is quite complicated, often need N kind chemical ingredients medicament to meet quantity discharged and the Chemical Composition combination formula thereof of the water base sludge slurry of stochastic and dynamic drilling well, therefore, during drilling well tripping operation, take to add at times the chemical additive of various combination formula produce the flow time of corresponding water base waste sludge slurry and operation operating mode is that comparatively difficulty or ease are grasped, control, often needing classifies the wastewater slurry of Different periods timely and accurately deposits respectively, corresponding chemical agent (coagulating agent must be prepared pointedly simultaneously, flocculation agent, magnetic auxiliary agent) etc. carry out acid-base neutralisation process, this mode at the scene in actually operating difficulty very large.In addition, the state of the art of on-the-spot actually operating personnel and sense of responsibility of respecting work, also be that can drilling well water base sludge water slurry adopt chemical agent acid-base neutralisation treatment process to obtain one of important factor of satisfactory neutral mud at the scene, as can be seen here, the water base mud of neutral landwaste being piled into mountain before this live through to have after rainwater drop wets a large amount of harmful poisonous black effluent stream out again environmental pollution be inevitable.
The physics of mud, chemistry and biological nature is changed while sludge drying processing method can make Fibrotic drying sludge process, service temperature (for mud granule) >100 DEG C, except effectively killing except pathogenic bacteria, mud volume can also be made significantly to reduce, and stink is eliminated.But this processing method inapplicable petroleum drilling landwaste sludge treatment, and its energy consumption is high, equipment is complicated, invest and working cost is high, minimizing is also thorough, and also also will take the measure such as condensation, deodorizing to evaporant, comprehensive cost is higher.
Sludge incineration processing method can make that the material such as whole organic matters, pathogenic agent of mud is oxidized at 850 ~ 1000 DEG C, pyrolysis being entirely destroyed, and is the treatment process subtracting appearanceization, innoxious and resource utilization the most thoroughly.Sludge incineration process is in the market all have higher calorific value for mud itself, utilize the burning of sludge garbage self to produce heat energy to generate electricity or heat supply, the thermal source that burner provides just help burning within the short period of time just starting igniting, makes to quit work when fire box temperature reaches burner when sludge garbage can lean on the normal operation of calorific value maintenance of self to burn; Or for the higher huge malicious hazardous substance of content in sludge garbage or extremely infect product, do not leave the calorific value of mud itself or other auxiliary fuel all the time to accompany the process of burning.
Mainly contain three kinds of sludge incinerators in the market, i.e. bubbling style fluidized bed incinerator, circulating fluidized bed incinerator and rotary incinerator, these three kinds of sludge incineration treatment facilities be all completely by mud, the calorific value of rubbish self or other auxiliary fuel to accompany burning, and mud and flame mix, completely only for the incinerator burning municipal wastes and industrial refuse, the process of well drilling detritus mud can not be applicable at all; And above-mentioned three kinds of best sludge incineration treatment facilities are all fixed venue, fixing sludge garbage characteristic, fixing Large Copacity rubbish and large-tonnage incinerator equipment, and subsidiary cogeneration or heating and other by-product utilize the higher investment of return value to be benefited project again, it does not meet large and equipment confined condition (spatial volume, floor space, weight, power, the safety etc.) requirement of petroleum drilling landwaste sludge characteristics, place, field mobility.
High temperature pyrolysis process method of disposal is completely customized according to the self character of petroleum drilling landwaste mud technical matters, the high-temperature hot-air of thermal source is utilized to carry out pyrolysis landwaste mud, reach the object of harmlessness disposing for a full due, landwaste mud itself is not separated completely with thermal source combustion fuel and flame contact, its temperature control precision is high, pyrolysis zone envrionment temperature is even, so be petroleum drilling landwaste sludge disposal technology technique the most advanced at present, the ground barium sulfate of script in landwaste mud, the physical property of the various solid matter composition such as wilkinite, chemical property is completely preserved well and is again recycled, accomplish truly subtract appearanceization up hill and dale, innoxious and recycling treatment disposal options.
To sum up, in chemical acid alkali entirely to the processing mode of petroleum drilling landwaste mud in the market and disposal options exists many defects and a difficult problem, do not reach thorough harmless treatment effect, and other any mode except high temperature pyrolysis treatment technology processes petroleum drilling landwaste mud, still can produce secondary pollution problem.And petroleum drilling landwaste sludge treatment is not also applied, and high temperature pyrolysis process is this subtracts appearanceization, the treatment technology of innoxious and resource utilization and disposal options the most thoroughly, therefore, in the urgent need to specialized designs, manufacture a kind of harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique for the water base mud of petroleum drilling.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for the above-mentioned defect of prior art, provides that a kind of pyrolysis efficiency is high, operation cost is low and can accomplish the harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique thoroughly subtracting appearanceization, innoxious and recycling treatment truly.
The present invention is for solving the problems of the technologies described above, and the technical scheme adopted is as follows:
A kind of harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique, comprises the steps:
(a) sludge dewatering: the well drilling detritus mud that desanding desilt assembly is separated is delivered to mud drier and carries out drying and dewatering, obtain coarse particles mud and contain fine grain sewage, and being delivered to dry type sludge bin and solid-liquid centrifugation water extracter respectively by this coarse particles mud with containing fine grain sewage;
B () fine granule is separated: carry out mud, water two-phase laminated flow to what obtained by step (a) containing fine grain sewage by solid-liquid centrifugation water extracter, obtain qualified sewage and fine granule, and is delivered in dry type sludge bin by the fine granule of acquisition and stores;
(c) solid waste sludge high temperature pyrolysis: by well site solid waste, being stored in coarse particles mud in dry type sludge bin and fine granule, to be transported to compound type sludge high temperature pyrolysis device inner and carry out preheating dehydration, oven dry, drying and pyrolysis under the effect of high-temperature hot-air thermal source, to obtain containing the waste gas of dust, the innoxious material of middle particle and the innoxious material of coarse particles, and the flow direction of the direction of travel of this coarse particles mud and high-temperature hot-air thermal source is reverse, and the flow direction of the direction of travel of this fine granule and high-temperature hot-air thermal source is forward;
D () is containing the waste gas separating treatment of dust: the waste gas containing dust produced by step (c) is delivered to material multi tripping device to carry out separating treatment and to obtain fine dust particles, fine dust particles waste gas and ultrafine dust particle waste gas, and this fine dust particles, fine dust particles waste gas and ultrafine dust particle waste gas are delivered to fine dust particles collecting mechanism, reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven and ultrafine dust particle gas sampling mechanism respectively;
(e) ultrafine dust particle off gas treatment: after ultrafine dust particle waste gas is delivered to ultrafine dust particle gas sampling mechanism, ultrafine dust particle gas sampling mechanism carries out filtering separation process to ultrafine dust particle waste gas, obtain the ultrafine dust particles such as melanochrome class, lime powder, gac and to be delivered to reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven medium pending, and qualified flue gas is discharged;
(f) secondary high-temperature pyrolysis: reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven carries out the innoxious pyrolysis processing of secondary high-temperature to ultrafine dust particles such as the fine dust particles waste gas obtained respectively by step (d) and (e) and melanochrome class, lime powder, gacs.
In above-mentioned steps (a), the well drilling detritus mud that desanding desilt assembly is separated is delivered to mud drier or highly effective sludge vibratory screening apparatus carries out drying and dewatering, wherein, highly effective sludge vibratory screening apparatus is that the one that when preventing well drilling detritus mud from normally drying operation, mud drier breaks down suddenly promptly supplements prediction scheme, ensure that normally carrying out and the normal operation of whole drilling operation of sludge dewatering.
In above-mentioned steps (c), by well site solid waste, it is inner and at direct-fired Coalhotairfurnace that coarse particles mud and fine granule are transported to compound type sludge high temperature pyrolysis device, preheating dehydration is carried out under the effect of the high-temperature hot-air thermal source that Coalhotairfurnace and fuel-firing gas-firing hotblast stove etc. produce, dry, drying and pyrolysis, wherein, the direction of travel of coarse particles mud and the flow direction of high-temperature hot-air thermal source are reverse, and the flow direction of the direction of travel of fine granule and high-temperature hot-air thermal source is forward, namely coarse particles mud and high-temperature hot-air thermal source are that reverse interaction contacts, greatly strengthen its exchange capability of heat, contribute to the high temperature pyrolysis efficiency improving compound type sludge high temperature pyrolysis device, and at compound type sludge high temperature pyrolysis device, preheating dehydration is carried out to mud, dry, in the process of drying and pyrolysis, mud itself not with thermal source combustion fuel and flame contact, its temperature control precision is high, pyrolysis zone envrionment temperature is even, further increase the high temperature pyrolysis efficiency to mud, safety and environmental protection, in addition, in whole preheating dehydration, dry, in the process of dry and pyrolysis, the physical property of the various solid matter compositions such as the ground barium sulfate in mud, wilkinite and chemical property can preserve well to be convenient to again recycle, it can thus be appreciated that, harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique of the present invention can to the water base mud of petroleum drilling accomplish truly thoroughly subtract appearanceization, innoxious and recycling treatment.
In above-mentioned steps (d), the waste gas containing dust is delivered to material multi tripping device to carry out separating treatment, such design can not only improve the treatment effect to the waste gas containing dust, ensures that the flue gas of discharge is up to standard, and is convenient to follow-up recycling.
In above-mentioned steps (f), reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven carries out the innoxious pyrolysis processing of secondary high-temperature to ultrafine dust particles such as fine dust particles waste gas and melanochrome class, lime powder, gacs, namely utilize the waste gas of reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven to the hazardous and noxious substances of fully not decomposing in above-mentioned compound type sludge high temperature pyrolysis device or generation to carry out high temperature pyrolysis again, contribute to accomplishing further truly thoroughly subtract appearanceization, innoxious and recycling treatment.
Improve as to the one of technical scheme of the present invention, in above-mentioned steps (a), well drilling detritus mud is delivered to mud drier through mud tank and carries out drying and dewatering, obtain coarse particles mud and contain fine grain sewage.
Well drilling detritus mud is delivered to mud drier through mud tank or highly effective sludge vibratory screening apparatus carries out drying and dewatering, when drilling operation be in 2 open half interpolation sulfonation, 3 open or 4 be full of load operation or improper fix a breakdown come down in torrents waste mud in a large number time, the landwaste mud ejected continuously is just delivered directly in mud drier and carries out mud, water two-phase laminated flow; Just allow mud be transported in mud tank when drilling operation is in a small amount of and discontinuity discharge mud store, only have and carry out mud, water two-phase laminated flow when restarting mud drier after mud tank storage completely, therefore the setting of mud tank can utilize mud drier or highly effective sludge vibratory screening apparatus more rationally and effectively, contribute to the operation cost reducing described harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique.
Improve as to the one of technical scheme of the present invention, in above-mentioned steps (a), adopt the first transfer mechanism well drilling detritus mud to be delivered to mud drier and carry out drying and dewatering, obtain coarse particles mud and contain fine grain sewage.
In technical scheme of the present invention, adopt the first transfer mechanism that well drilling detritus mud is delivered to mud drier or highly effective sludge vibratory screening apparatus, namely can ensure that water base sewage, mud and the hazardous and noxious substances of drilling well is not landed completely, so just, the detritus sewage pond in existing treatment facility can be cancelled, reduce the land occupation area of drilling well effect; In addition, mud auger combination transfer device can be adopted as the first transfer mechanism, this mud auger combination transfer device comprises N group mud screw conveyor (N is natural number).
Improve as to the one of technical scheme of the present invention, solid-liquid centrifugation water extracter will be delivered to containing fine grain sewage through Water Tank.If a upper operation exports continuously and a large amount of carry out mud, water two-phase laminated flow containing just can directly this be inputted in solid-liquid centrifugation water extracter containing fine grain sewage during fine grain sewage, can be worked as this containing fine grain sewage during a small amount of and discontinuity discharge, arranging of Water Tank can make to be transported in solid-liquid centrifugation water extracter again when entering containing fine grain sewage after Water Tank stores the storage capacity reaching certain, such design can utilize solid-liquid centrifugation water extracter more rationally and effectively, and contributes to the operation cost reducing described harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique.
Improve as to the one of technical scheme of the present invention, in above-mentioned steps (c), the coarse particles mud be stored in dry type sludge bin and fine granule are transported to compound type sludge high temperature pyrolysis device by second conveyor structure inner to carry out preheating dehydration, oven dry, drying and pyrolysis.
Same as above, second conveyor structure is adopted coarse particles mud and fine granule to be delivered to compound type sludge high temperature pyrolysis device inner, namely can ensure that coarse particles mud and fine granule do not land completely, can increase work efficiency on the one hand, ensure the safety and environmental protection of described harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique, on the other hand, also contribute to cutting operating costs.
In technical scheme of the present invention, above-mentioned second conveyor structure comprises the shaftless screw conveyor, dry type sludge bucket and the landwaste mud screw feeder that are communicated with successively; Wherein, the opening for feed of this shaftless screw conveyor is communicated with the opening for feed of compound type sludge high temperature pyrolysis device with the discharge port of dry type sludge bin respectively with the discharge port of landwaste mud screw feeder.If adopt and have axle screw conveyor, then not only can reduce the efficiency of its conveying well drilling detritus mud, but also may because there is the objects such as stone, iron wire, metal, axle screw conveyor is had to there will be stuck failure problems, add maintenance workload, and its power of motor to promote a class comparatively speaking; Because the landwaste mud after drying still has very high viscosity, if adopt rotary conveyor, then need the leakage protection measure carrying out mud in advance, be unfavorable for the reduction of operation cost; If adopt lift conveying landwaste mud, then the viscosity due to landwaste mud is very large, transport efficiency can be made greatly to reduce, facts have proved inadvisable; And artificial conveyance mode is only applicable to the experimental phase, the industrial automation streamline operration produced in enormous quantities cannot be adapted to.Therefore it can thus be appreciated that, the mode having axle screw conveyor, rotary conveyor, lift or manpower to carry adopting shaftless screw conveyor to substitute to adopt in prior art, not only can improve the efficiency of conveying well drilling detritus mud, and can avoid occurring stuck fault, reduce maintenance workload, be conducive to the reduction of operation cost.
Improve as to the one of technical scheme of the present invention, in above-mentioned steps (d), fine dust particles is delivered to after in fine dust particles collecting mechanism, and fine dust particles is stored to the first feed bin through fine particle material worm conveyor, to wait to focus on.The setting of fine particle material worm conveyor not only increases working efficiency, alleviates the labour intensity of staff, and contributes to realizing automatically working.
Improve as to the one of technical scheme of the present invention, in above-mentioned steps (e), ultrafine dust particle gas sampling mechanism comprises pulsed jet cloth filter, slaked lime and gac jet apparatus, melanochrome collecting mechanism and waste gas filtering mechanism;
Pulsed jet cloth filter carries out bag pulse dedusting process to ultrafine dust particle waste gas under slaked lime and the slaked lime of gac jet apparatus injection and the effect of gac, obtains the ultrafine dust particle such as a waste gas and melanochrome class, lime powder, gac;
When a waste gas enters after in waste gas filtering mechanism, spray is carried out to a waste gas, while continuing cooling, the acidic substance such as sulfurous gas, hydrogenchloride, hydrogen fluoride and chlorine contained in a waste gas are made further acid-base neutralisation to eliminate and atomization dust settlement action, the qualified flue gas obtained is discharged;
The ultrafine dust particles such as melanochrome class, lime powder, gac are delivered to reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven by melanochrome collecting mechanism medium pending.
In technical scheme of the present invention, slaked lime powder contributes to the ridity and the gas Penetration ration that improve pulsed jet cloth filter, and the acidic substance such as sulfurous gas, hydrogenchloride and the hydrogen fluoride contained in flue gas are removed by neutralization method, gac then has the function of the toxic and harmful materials such as Xi Fu dioxin and peculiar smell.
Improve as to the one of technical scheme of the present invention, in above-mentioned steps (f), if the fire box temperature of reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven is lower than 900
oduring C, automatic startup fuel-firing gas-firing burner is supplied heat energy in time and is made the fire box temperature of reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven remain on 900
oc and more than, to ensure that the residence time of ultrafine dust particle in reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven such as fine dust particles waste gas and melanochrome class, lime powder, gac is at more than 2s simultaneously.
In technical scheme of the present invention, if the fire box temperature of reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven is lower than 900
oduring C, then the toxic and harmfuls such as more dioxin can be produced, if fine dust particles waste gas and melanochrome class, lime powder, the residence time of the ultrafine dust particles such as gac in reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven is at below 2s, reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven then can be made fine dust particles waste gas and melanochrome class, lime powder, the pyrolysis of the ultrafine dust particles such as gac is incomplete, also pyrolysis efficiency can be affected, therefore ensure fine dust particles waste gas and melanochrome class, lime powder, the residence time of the ultrafine dust particles such as gac in reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven is at more than 2s, fine dust particles waste gas and melanochrome class can be ensured, lime powder, the ultrafine dust particles such as gac can obtain sufficient pyrolysis in reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven.
In addition, in technical scheme of the present invention, to be allly not specifically noted, all by adopting the conventional means in this area to realize the technical program.
Therefore, the pyrolysis efficiency of harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique provided by the invention is high, and operation cost is low, and can accomplish truly thoroughly subtract appearanceization, innoxious and recycling treatment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique in the present embodiment;
In accompanying drawing, 1 is drilling sludge vibratory screening apparatus, 2 is desanding silt remover, 3 is whizzer, 4 is the first transfer mechanism, 5 is mud tank, 6 is mud drier, 7 is Water Tank, 8 is solid-liquid centrifugation water extracter, 9 is sewage collecting tank, 10 is dry type sludge bin, 11 is shaftless screw conveyor, 12 is dry type sludge bucket, 13 is landwaste mud screw feeder, 14 is compound type sludge high temperature pyrolysis device, 15 is middle particulate material worm conveyor, 16 is the 3rd feed bin, 17 is coarse particles material worm conveyor, 18 is the 4th feed bin, 19 is direct-fired Coalhotairfurnace, 20 is coaling machine, 21 is coal-fired feed bin, 22 is the first gas blower, 23 is scraper slagging machine, 24 is slag, 25 is material multi tripping device, 26 is fine particle material worm conveyor, 27 is the first feed bin, 28 is pulsed jet cloth filter, 29 is melanochrome class worm conveyor, 30 is the second feed bin, 31 is active carbon filtering device, 32 is smoke induced draught fan, 33 is spray washing tower, 34 are discharged for qualified flue gas, 35 is fuel-firing gas-firing burner, 36 is reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven, 37 is interchanger, 38 is the second gas blower, 39 is warm air heat supply in winter or sewage evaporation, 40 is slaked lime and gac jet apparatus.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
In present pre-ferred embodiments, a kind of harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique, as shown in Figure 1, comprises the steps:
(a) sludge dewatering: the well drilling detritus mud of water ratio >=90% adopting the first transfer mechanism 4 to be separated by desanding desilt assembly carries out long distance and is delivered to mud drier 6 through mud tank 5 or highly effective sludge vibratory screening apparatus carries out drying and dewatering, obtain the coarse particles mud of water ratio≤75% and contain fine grain sewage, and this coarse particles mud is delivered in dry type sludge bin 10, and this is delivered in solid-liquid centrifugation water extracter 8 with pending by Water Tank 7 containing fine grain sewage;
B () fine granule is separated: carry out mud, water two-phase laminated flow to what obtained by step (a) containing fine grain sewage by solid-liquid centrifugation water extracter 8, obtain the fine granule of qualified sewage and water ratio≤75%, and the fine granule of acquisition is delivered in dry type sludge bin 10 and stores, and by qualified produced-water reinjection to the mud tank of the grout recycle system of petroleum drilling drilling team for normally or enter in sewage collecting tank 9 and focus on separately;
(c) solid waste sludge high temperature pyrolysis: by well site solid waste, being stored in the coarse particles mud of water ratio≤75% in dry type sludge bin 10 and the fine granule of water ratio≤75%, to be transported to compound type sludge high temperature pyrolysis device 14 by second conveyor structure inner and by direct-fired Coalhotairfurnace 19, preheating dehydration is carried out under the effect of the high-temperature hot-air thermal source that Coalhotairfurnace and fuel-firing gas-firing hotblast stove etc. produce, dry, drying and pyrolysis, to obtain the waste gas containing dust, the innoxious material of middle particle and the innoxious material of coarse particles, wherein, the direction of travel of this coarse particles mud and the flow direction of high-temperature hot-air thermal source are reverse, and the flow direction of the direction of travel of this fine granule and high-temperature hot-air thermal source is forward, and the innoxious material of middle particle is expelled in the 3rd feed bin 16 by middle particulate material worm conveyor 15, the innoxious material of coarse particles is expelled in the 4th feed bin 18 by coarse particles material worm conveyor 17, in this, the setting of particulate material worm conveyor 15 and coarse particles material worm conveyor 17 substantially increases working efficiency, alleviate the labour intensity of staff, contribute to realizing automatically working, in addition, the slag 24 of this direct-fired Coalhotairfurnace 19 is discharged from slag outlet by scraper slagging machine 23, the setting of this scraper slagging machine 23 improves working efficiency, alleviates the labour intensity of staff, and reduces the maintenance difficulties to direct-fired Coalhotairfurnace 19,
D () is containing the waste gas separating treatment of dust: the waste gas containing dust produced by step (c) is delivered to material multi tripping device 25 to carry out separating treatment and to obtain fine dust particles, fine dust particles waste gas and ultrafine dust particle waste gas through exhaust steam passage, and this fine dust particles, fine dust particles waste gas and ultrafine dust particle waste gas are delivered to fine dust particles collecting mechanism, reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven 36 and ultrafine dust particle gas sampling mechanism respectively;
(e) ultrafine dust particle off gas treatment: after above-mentioned ultrafine dust particle waste gas is delivered to ultrafine dust particle gas sampling mechanism, this ultrafine dust particle gas sampling mechanism carries out filtering separation process to ultrafine dust particle waste gas, obtain the ultrafine dust particles such as melanochrome class, lime powder, gac and to be delivered to above-mentioned reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven 36 medium pending, and qualified flue gas is given discharge 34;
(f) secondary high-temperature pyrolysis: above-mentioned reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven carries out the innoxious pyrolysis processing of secondary high-temperature to ultrafine dust particles such as the fine dust particles waste gas obtained respectively by step (d) and (e) and melanochrome class, lime powder, gacs; If the fire box temperature of this reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven 36 is lower than 900
oduring C, automatic startup fuel-firing gas-firing burner 35 is supplied heat energy in time and is made the fire box temperature of reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven 36 remain on 900
oc and more than, to ensure that the residence time of ultrafine dust particle in this reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven 36 such as fine dust particles waste gas and melanochrome class, lime powder, gac is at more than 2s simultaneously.
In above-mentioned steps (f), produce after in above-mentioned reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven 36, the ultrafine dust particle such as fine dust particles waste gas and melanochrome class, lime powder, gac carries out secondary high-temperature pyrolysis higher than 900
othe high-temperature flue gas of C carries out air-cooled chilling heat exchange by heat exchange mechanisms, makes the temperature of high-temperature flue gas be down to 250 within 2s
obelow C, meanwhile, heat exchange mechanisms also introduce freezing air with higher than 900
othe high-temperature flue gas of C carries out heat exchange, obtains lower than 200 within 2s
othe hot blast of below C, should lower than 200
othe hot blast of below C be transported to drilling outfit heat supply in winter or for carrying out mud oven dry and sewage evaporation 39 acts on.
In the present embodiment, again as shown in Figure 1, above-mentioned heat exchange mechanisms comprises the cast iron type interchanger 37 and the second gas blower 38 that interconnect mutually, expansion fin is cast with outside this cast iron type interchanger 37, internal thread is cast with inside its tube wall, these all substantially increase the heat exchange efficiency of cast iron type interchanger 37, and because this cast iron type interchanger 37 adopts air-cooled cooling mode, there is not secondary pollution problem; In addition, adopt cast iron type interchanger 37 also to exist to take up room the advantage of little, flexible arrangement, low cost of manufacture, environmental protection and long service life;
Above-mentioned second conveyor structure comprises the shaftless screw conveyor 11, dry type sludge bucket 12 and the landwaste mud screw feeder 13 that are communicated with successively; Wherein, the opening for feed of shaftless screw conveyor 11 is communicated with the opening for feed of compound type sludge high temperature pyrolysis device 14 with the discharge port of dry type sludge bin 10 respectively with the discharge port of landwaste mud screw feeder 13;
In above-mentioned steps (d), above-mentioned fine dust particles is delivered to after in fine dust particles collecting mechanism, and fine dust particles is stored to the first feed bin 27 through fine particle material worm conveyor 26, to wait to focus on;
In above-mentioned steps (e), ultrafine dust particle gas sampling mechanism comprises pulsed jet cloth filter 28, slaked lime and gac jet apparatus 40, melanochrome collecting mechanism and waste gas filtering mechanism;
Above-mentioned pulsed jet cloth filter 28 carries out bag pulse dedusting process to ultrafine dust particle waste gas under slaked lime and the slaked lime of gac jet apparatus 40 injection and the effect of gac, obtains the ultrafine dust particle such as a waste gas and melanochrome class, lime powder, gac;
When an above-mentioned waste gas enters after in waste gas filtering mechanism, by active carbon filtering device 31, smoke induced draught fan 32 and spray washing tower 33, spray is carried out successively to this waste gas, while continuing cooling, the acidic substance such as sulfurous gas, hydrogenchloride, hydrogen fluoride and chlorine contained in a waste gas are made further acid-base neutralisation to eliminate and atomization dust settlement action, the qualified flue gas obtained is given discharge 34; Wherein, active carbon filtering device 31 carries the toxic harmful exhaust gas material of coming again to filter out for paired pulses sack cleaner 28, toxic harmful exhaust gas material, peculiar smell and may there is dioxin in further adsorbed gas; And spray washing tower 33 is for carrying the waste gas of coming to active carbon filtering device 31, liming or sodium hydroxide solution is adopted to carry out spray to flue gas, while continuing cooling, the acidic substance such as sulfurous gas, hydrogenchloride, hydrogen fluoride, chlorine contained in flue gas are done further acid-base neutralisation, elimination and atomization dust settlement action, guarantee that the tail gas discharged meets national requirements for environmental protection completely, and reach European Union Emission secondary standard; Smoke induced draught fan 32 mainly plays the effect waste gas of delivery of filtered from active carbon filtering device 31 being incorporated into spray washing tower 33, contributes to increasing work efficiency;
The ultrafine dust particles such as above-mentioned melanochrome class, lime powder, gac are delivered to above-mentioned reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven 36 by melanochrome collecting mechanism medium pending, be specially: first the ultrafine dust particles such as melanochrome class, lime powder, gac are stored in the second feed bin 30 by melanochrome class worm conveyor 29, next, then it is medium pending to be delivered to reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven 36.The setting of melanochrome class worm conveyor 29 not only increases working efficiency, alleviates the labour intensity of staff, and contributes to realizing automatically working;
Fire coal in above-mentioned coal-fired feed bin 21 is the fuel of direct-fired Coalhotairfurnace 19, by conveying or manual type, fire coal is sent into upper coal bunker, pours in the fire grate coal bunker of direct-fired Coalhotairfurnace 19 after then upper coal bunker being promoted to certain altitude by coaling machine 20.Such design facilitates adds fire coal to direct-fired Coalhotairfurnace 19, significantly reduces the labour intensity of staff, also contributes to realizing automatic production.This direct-fired Coalhotairfurnace 19 is also connected with the first gas blower 22.
Above-mentioned desanding desilt assembly comprises drilling sludge vibratory screening apparatus 1, desanding silt remover 2 and whizzer 3.
In the present embodiment, adopt mud auger combination transfer device as the first transfer mechanism 4, this mud auger combination transfer device comprises N group mud screw conveyor (N is natural number), and the operational throughput of this mud auger combination transfer device is 15 ~ 16m
3/ h, often organizing shaftless auger length is 11 ~ 13m, and power of motor is 11Kw.And adopt mud auger combination transfer device as the first transfer mechanism 4, not only can improve the efficiency of conveying well drilling detritus mud, and can avoid occurring stuck fault, reduce maintenance workload, be conducive to the reduction of operation cost.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improve and convert the protection domain that all should belong to claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(a) sludge dewatering: the well drilling detritus mud that desanding desilt assembly is separated is delivered to mud drier (6) and carries out drying and dewatering, obtain coarse particles mud and contain fine grain sewage, and being delivered to dry type sludge bin (10) and solid-liquid centrifugation water extracter (8) respectively by described coarse particles mud with containing fine grain sewage;
B () fine granule is separated: carry out mud, water two-phase laminated flow to what obtained by step (a) containing fine grain sewage by solid-liquid centrifugation water extracter (8), obtain qualified sewage and fine granule, and the fine granule of acquisition is delivered to storage in dry type sludge bin (10);
(c) solid waste sludge high temperature pyrolysis: by well site solid waste, being stored in coarse particles mud in dry type sludge bin (10) and fine granule, to be transported to compound type sludge high temperature pyrolysis device (14) inner and carry out preheating dehydration, oven dry, drying and pyrolysis under the effect of high-temperature hot-air thermal source, to obtain containing the waste gas of dust, the innoxious material of middle particle and the innoxious material of coarse particles, and the direction of travel of described coarse particles mud and the flow direction of high-temperature hot-air thermal source are reverse, and the flow direction of the direction of travel of described fine granule and high-temperature hot-air thermal source is forward;
D () is containing the waste gas separating treatment of dust: the waste gas containing dust produced by step (c) is delivered to material multi tripping device (25) to carry out separating treatment and to obtain fine dust particles, fine dust particles waste gas and ultrafine dust particle waste gas, and described fine dust particles, fine dust particles waste gas and ultrafine dust particle waste gas are delivered to fine dust particles collecting mechanism, reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven (36) and ultrafine dust particle gas sampling mechanism respectively;
(e) ultrafine dust particle off gas treatment: after described ultrafine dust particle waste gas is delivered to ultrafine dust particle gas sampling mechanism, described ultrafine dust particle gas sampling mechanism carries out filtering separation process to ultrafine dust particle waste gas, obtain the ultrafine dust particles such as melanochrome class, lime powder, gac and to be delivered to described reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven (36) medium pending, and qualified flue gas is discharged (34);
(f) secondary high-temperature pyrolysis: described reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven (36) carries out the innoxious pyrolysis processing of secondary high-temperature to ultrafine dust particles such as the fine dust particles waste gas obtained respectively by step (d) and (e) and melanochrome class, lime powder, gacs.
2. harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (a), well drilling detritus mud is delivered to mud drier (6) through mud tank (5) and carries out drying and dewatering, obtain coarse particles mud and contain fine grain sewage.
3. harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (a), adopt the first transfer mechanism (4) well drilling detritus mud to be delivered to mud drier (6) and carry out drying and dewatering, obtain coarse particles mud and contain fine grain sewage.
4. according to the harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique in claim 1-3 described in any one, it is characterized in that, be delivered to solid-liquid centrifugation water extracter (8) containing fine grain sewage through Water Tank (7) by described.
5. harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (c), the coarse particles mud be stored in dry type sludge bin (10) and fine granule are transported to compound type sludge high temperature pyrolysis device (14) by second conveyor structure inner to carry out preheating dehydration, oven dry, drying and pyrolysis.
6. harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (d), fine dust particles is delivered to after in fine dust particles collecting mechanism, fine dust particles is stored to the first feed bin (27) through fine particle material worm conveyor (26), to wait to focus on.
7. harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (e), described ultrafine dust particle gas sampling mechanism comprises pulsed jet cloth filter (28), slaked lime and gac jet apparatus (40), melanochrome collecting mechanism and waste gas filtering mechanism;
Under the effect of the slaked lime that described pulsed jet cloth filter (28) sprays at slaked lime and gac jet apparatus (40) and gac, bag pulse dedusting process is carried out to ultrafine dust particle waste gas, obtain the ultrafine dust particle such as a waste gas and melanochrome class, lime powder, gac;
When a described waste gas enters after in waste gas filtering mechanism, spray is carried out to a described waste gas, while continuing cooling, the acidic substance such as sulfurous gas, hydrogenchloride, hydrogen fluoride and chlorine contained in a waste gas are made further acid-base neutralisation to eliminate and atomization dust settlement action, the qualified flue gas obtained is discharged (34);
The ultrafine dust particles such as described melanochrome class, lime powder, gac are delivered to described reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven (36) by described melanochrome collecting mechanism medium pending.
8. harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (f), if the fire box temperature of described reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven (36) is lower than 900
oduring C, automatic startup fuel-firing gas-firing burner (35) is supplied heat energy in time and is made the fire box temperature of described reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven (36) remain on 900
oc and more than, to ensure that the residence time of ultrafine dust particle in described reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven (36) such as described fine dust particles waste gas and melanochrome class, lime powder, gac are at more than 2s simultaneously.
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| CN201510155781.6A Pending CN104819458A (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2015-04-03 | Reciprocating type exhaust gas pyrolysis furnace |
| CN201520197767.8U Expired - Fee Related CN204611742U (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2015-04-03 | A kind of reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven |
| CN201510159320.6A Active CN104829080B (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2015-04-03 | Compound sludge high-temperature pyrolysis device |
| CN201510159638.4A Active CN104860500B (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2015-04-03 | System for harmless treatment of solid drilling waste |
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| CN201520197767.8U Expired - Fee Related CN204611742U (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2015-04-03 | A kind of reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven |
| CN201510159320.6A Active CN104829080B (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2015-04-03 | Compound sludge high-temperature pyrolysis device |
| CN201510159638.4A Active CN104860500B (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2015-04-03 | System for harmless treatment of solid drilling waste |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN105484685A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-04-13 | 刘凌 | Oil-base mud drilling cutting treatment method |
| CN107162371A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-09-15 | 陆骏 | A kind of water base sludge processes method of mixed type harmless treatment drilling well |
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| CN105084707B (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2017-04-26 | 浙江三联环保科技股份有限公司 | Sludge fragmentation-type drying device |
| CN108164113B (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2020-10-13 | 东南大学 | Wing type sludge tubular pyrolysis reactor |
| CN108413401B (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2019-09-17 | 重庆科技学院 | A kind of refuse pyrolysis gasification process method of gear rolling fire bars tube furnace |
| CN108361716A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-08-03 | 大连航化能源装备有限公司 | A kind of three industrial wastes mixed combustion furnace |
| CN109678306A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-04-26 | 武汉晶诺纳米科技有限公司 | A kind of mud and sewage high temperature carbonization processing unit |
| CN111204946A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-05-29 | 山东省环保产业股份有限公司 | High-efficient low temperature pyrolysis system of mud |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN104819458A (en) | 2015-08-05 |
| CN104860500B (en) | 2017-01-18 |
| CN104860500A (en) | 2015-08-26 |
| CN204611742U (en) | 2015-09-02 |
| CN104829080B (en) | 2017-05-17 |
| CN104860501B (en) | 2016-06-15 |
| CN104829080A (en) | 2015-08-12 |
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Application publication date: 20150826 Assignee: Beijing Zhong Rong Da Zheng Environmental Protection Engineering Technology Co., Ltd. Assignor: Lu Jun Contract record no.: 2018990000231 Denomination of invention: Process for harmless treatment of solid drilling waste Granted publication date: 20160615 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20180821 |
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