CN104860399B - A kind of nanoporous brick for the purification of heavily contaminated city river water quality and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of nanoporous brick for the purification of heavily contaminated city river water quality and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN104860399B CN104860399B CN201510263649.7A CN201510263649A CN104860399B CN 104860399 B CN104860399 B CN 104860399B CN 201510263649 A CN201510263649 A CN 201510263649A CN 104860399 B CN104860399 B CN 104860399B
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- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- JYIBXUUINYLWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;calcium;potassium;silicon;sodium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Na].[Al].[Si].[K].[Ca] JYIBXUUINYLWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910001603 clinoptilolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002101 nanobubble Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241001494508 Arundo donax Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 244000205574 Acorus calamus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011996 Calamus deerratus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010003694 Atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000192700 Cyanobacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037444 atrophy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011365 complex material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052679 scolecite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of nanoporous brick for the purification of heavily contaminated city river water quality and its preparation method and application, belong to environment-friendly materials field.Nanoporous brick of the invention includes brick body and hole, and it is by calcium type attapulgite clay (recessed soil), calcium type clinoptilolite (zeolite) and red soil is blended prepares, and specific preparation technology includes：Mixing, crushing, granulation treatment, mould extrusion molding, wet base substrate cutting, dry, roasting, finally give nanoporous brick.Nanoporous brick of the invention has efficient pollutant adsorption capacity, in addition it is also used as the excellent carrier of aquatic vegetation in Water Ecological Recovery technology, the dissolved oxygen that the nanoaperture of porous nano brick can be enriched with water body simultaneously promotes the healthy growth of aquatic vegetation, strengthens water quality detergent power.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environment-friendly materials field, specifically, it is related to the Treatment process of city river, more specifically, relate to
And a kind of nanoporous brick for the purification of heavily contaminated city river water quality and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
City river can effectively weaken city " tropical island effect " and pollution effect as the green life line of city system,
With providing greenery patches, environmental protection and carry out tourist recreation, the ecological functions, the construction to high-grade ecocity such as culture and education
There is important meaning.However, increase recently as population being developed rapidly with social economy, the demand of water is sharply increased, and
Water environment pollution is also increasingly serious, and Water Requirement is difficult to ensure that, along with the influence of industrial production and resident living so that city
City River system gradually atrophy, inland lake eutrophication is constantly aggravated, urban water ecosystem is seriously degenerated, therefore, contaminated city
The improvement of city's river water body seems very necessary.
The method for carrying out purification of water quality currently for heavily contaminated city river mainly has channel cleanout, machinery to salvage, artificial
Aeration and biological restoration (biological floating bed, artificial swamp and microorganism remediation).However, for heavily contaminated type river course due to length
Phase chronic pollution causes that pollution of river thing concentration is high, and quality of water environment is poor, ecosystem heavy damage, and conventional physical method is very
Hardly possible reduces pollutant concentration in heavily contaminated river course, is only capable of playing a part of Zhi Biao rather than this.Although biological method can rise
To the effect for improving water quality and ecological environment, but the water body in high pollution concentration, LDO and low transparency is difficult directly
Carry out biological prosthetic, had a strong impact on the effect of bioremediation technology while increased technical costs.Adsorption by clay method is mainly led to
Cross the modes such as ion exchange, electrical absorption and reaction precipitation and remove polluter in polluted-water, select suitable adsorption material
Material, not only can effectively remove the polluter of heavy polluted water, while the problem of secondary pollution can be avoided.
It has been related to be used for the skill of riverway water quality purification treatment using adsorption by clay method in disclosed Chinese patent literature
Art information, for example, Chinese invention patent application publication No. is the A of CN 102371145, the applying date is the special of August in 2010 18 days
Sharp application documents disclose a kind of composite efficient cyanobacteria-eutrophication water treatment agent, the water treatment agent Concave-convex clay rod, swollen
Profit soil and natural zeolite it is activated it is modified wait high-tech, deep processing, with organic reagent auxiliary agent science compounding, collection and has multi mineral
What the property of machine aided agent was made, it is mainly used in the emergency processing of the blue algae bloom such as lake, reservoir, river, landscape water and richness
Nutrient laden Long term control, is the innovative approach of restoration of the ecosystem and resource, although the invention is with water treatment efficiency higher,
It is more complicated Making programme, preparation cost is higher, and is not easily recycled utilization, secondary pollution can be caused, should therefore, it is difficult to promote
With, and the invention mainly uses the flocculation of clay and organic reagent complex material, and blue-green algae is flocculated, if being made
Brick, it is impossible to play a role.And for example, Chinese invention patent application publication No. is the A of CN 103787645, and the applying date is in January, 2014
The patent application document of 23 days discloses a kind of eco-concrete prepared based on sorbing material and the method for purification of water quality,
The eco-concrete of the invention is made up of aggregate, solid additive and liquid additive, and water-filling is entered using above-mentioned eco-concrete
The method of matter purification, is to load cloth bag after mixing sorbing material, binding molecule and clay to be laid in bottom, is laid on cloth bag
Eco-concrete, laying is mixed with the planting soil of sorbing material and is planted on planting soil and is implanted with plant on eco-concrete.The hair
Although bright with compound adsorption effect and plant purification effect, eco-concrete can occur hardened etc. asking over time
Topic, on the one hand influences its adsorption effect, the hard soil after another aspect is hardened to be not suitable for the growth of plant.
The content of the invention
1. the problem to be solved
For existing waterway method for purifying water there are problems that high cost, have secondary pollution, the present invention
A kind of nanoporous brick for the purification of heavily contaminated city river water quality and its preparation method and application is provided.What the present invention was provided
Nanoporous brick can high-efficient purification high density pollution thing water body, it is easy to use, it is with low cost.The nanometer of nanoporous brick
The porous main clinoptilolite and attapulgite by using with natural nano structure is obtained by treatment, in heat treatment condition
Under, moisture and impurity component in nano pore structure disappear, so that porous nano duct is opened obtains nano-porous structure,
Increase its specific surface area, and increased adsorption capacity.Additionally, during porous nano brick of the invention is because having adsorbed river course or lake
Nutriment, can be as the excellent carrier of aquatic vegetation in water plant recovery technique, while the nanometer of porous nano brick
Hole can improve the dissolved oxygen in water body, improve water quality environment, promote the healthy growth of aquatic vegetation, strengthen purification of water quality energy
Power.
2. technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of nanoporous brick for the purification of heavily contaminated city river water quality, including brick body and hole, described brick body is
Cuboid, described hole is through-hole structure, in brick body, has intensive nanoaperture on the hole wall in hole.
Preferably, the material of described brick body is the composite particles of 10-15 μm of particle diameter, and described composite particles are recessed by calcium type
Convex rod clay, calcium type clinoptilolite and red soil are mixed；Wherein, the mass fraction of calcium type attapulgite clay is 30-40%, calcium
The mass fraction of type clinoptilolite is 40%-50%, and remaining composition is red soil.
Preferably, one of end face of described brick body is square, and the length of side is 10-20cm.
Preferably, described hole is circular hole, and hole number is 9 or 16, and bore dia is 1.5-2cm.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned nanoporous brick for the purification of heavily contaminated city river water quality, its step is：
A () weighs after calcium type attapulgite clay, calcium type clinoptilolite and red soil are crushed and is put into agitator in proportion, fully
Stir, obtain compound material, wherein, the mass fraction of calcium type attapulgite clay is 30-40%, the matter of calcium type clinoptilolite
Amount fraction is 40%-50%, and remaining composition is red soil；
B compound material that () will obtain in step (a) granulate obtaining composite particles；
C composite particles that () will obtain in step (b) mixed with water after again by mould extrusion molding, obtain wet base
Body；
D wet base substrate that () will obtain in step (c) is cut, and obtains wet brick body；
E wet brick body that () will obtain in step (d) is dried and is calcined, and roasting naturally cools to room temperature and obtains after terminating
Nanoporous brick.
Preferably, the mass fraction of the concave convex rod in the calcium type attapulgite clay in the step (a) is 45-60%, calcium
The mass fraction of matter composition CaO is 15-25%, and remaining is Si oxide, aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide, and mass fraction is
15%-40%；The mass fraction of the clinoptilolite in calcium type clinoptilolite is 50-60%, the mass fraction of calcareous composition CaO
15-20%, remaining is Si oxide, aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide, and mass fraction is 20%-35%；Clay in red soil
Mass fraction is more than 80%.
Preferably, the condition of granulation is the sieve that compound material after step (a) is crushed first crosses 15 μm in the step (b)
Net, is retained less than the compound material of 15 μm of particle diameter, after 10 μm of screen cloth, retains compound material of the particle diameter more than 10 μm, finally
The particle diameter of the composite particles for obtaining is 10-15 μm.
Preferably, the vertical sectional shape of the mould in the step (c) is square, and the foursquare length of side is 10-
20cm, mould is provided with circular hole, and circular hole number is 9 or 16, and bore dia is 1.5-2cm；The length of wet brick body in step (d)
It is 10-15cm to spend.
Preferably, drying temperature is 105 DEG C in the step (e), and sintering temperature is 400-550 DEG C, and roasting time is 1-
2h。
A kind of above-mentioned nanoporous brick for the purification of heavily contaminated city river water quality is net in the river water quality of contamination type
Application in change.
3. beneficial effect
Compared to prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) nanoporous brick of the invention has efficient adsorption capacity, can effectively reduce the total nitrogen in polluted-water
(TN), total phosphorus (TP), ammonium nitrogen (NH4 +- N) and chemical requirement (COD)；
(2) nanoporous brick of the invention improves week due to that with nano-pore structure, can adhere to substantial amounts of nano bubble
The dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) in collarette border；
(3) nanoporous brick of the invention is due to substantial amounts of microcellular structure, with larger specific surface area, Ke Yiwei
Growth, activity and the breeding of microorganism provide space and place；
(4) present invention filling soil or bed mud inside the vertical channel of nanoporous brick, can be as aquatic vegetation
Carrier, meanwhile, substantial amounts of nanometer oxygen bubbles and microorganism attachment can be plant growth offer needed for nutriment, make plant
Thing growing way is more preferable；
(5) present invention prepares ecological brick from composite, under heat treatment condition, by by carbonate in material etc.
After composition calcination removal, nanoaperture can be formed on the surface of brick, so as to considerably increase specific surface area, increased adsorptivity
Can, this is break-through point of the present invention relative to other absorption bricks；
(6) present invention is not the simple combination of prior art, but is selected by substantial amounts of experimental study combining with theoretical analysis
Three kinds of materials are selected and have been prepared into nanoporous brick, rich calcium concave convex rod has had extremely strong phosphorus adsorption capacity, rich scolecite tool
There is extremely strong N2 adsorption ability, red soil then has stronger stickiness, three kinds of brick-making method systems that are compound and passing through uniqueness of material
It is standby into after nanoporous brick, possess the advantage not available for three kinds of simple combinations：Complex ecological brick has nitrogen and phosphorus same first
Step adsorption capacity, the ecological brick after absorption nutriment can supply plant growth necessary as plant and microorganism carrier
Phosphorus and nitrogen, be aerobic microbiological with preferable oxygen concentration ability along with the nanoaperture on brick body surface
The root system respiration of attachment and plant provides sufficient oxygen atmosphere, therefore, possess physics, chemisorbed and biology net
Change triple effects；
(7) brick-making method of the invention is off the beaten track, is using for reference the shape of preparation heating material (coal briquette) and building
On on the basis of the method baked bricks, with reference to actual applicable cases, by crushings, granulation, extrusion forming, drying and roasting (conjunction
Reason control sintering temperature and time), the nanoporous brick of excellent performance is finally given, the river water quality of counterweight contamination type has by force
Big detergent power, at present and finds no the similar brick for being applied to field of water quality purification of the invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of nanoporous brick of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of nanoporous brick preparation method of the invention.
In figure：1st, brick body；2nd, hole.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, a kind of nanoporous brick for the purification of heavily contaminated city river water quality, including brick body 1 and hole 2,
Described brick body 1 is cuboid, and described hole 2 is through-hole structure, in brick body 1.The material of brick body 1 is 10-15 μm of particle diameter
Composite particles, described composite particles are mixed by calcium type attapulgite clay, calcium type clinoptilolite and red soil；Wherein, calcium
(place of production is Xuyi Jiangsu to type attapulgite clay, and the mass fraction of the concave convex rod in calcium type attapulgite clay is 45%, calcareous composition
(CaO) mass fraction be 25%, balance of Si oxide, aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide) mass fraction be 30%, calcium type
(place of production is Xuancheng Profile, anhui Province to clinoptilolite, the mass fraction 50% of the clinoptilolite in calcium type clinoptilolite, calcareous composition (CaO)
Mass fraction 15%, balance of Si oxide, aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide) mass fraction be 50%, remaining composition is
(place of production is Jiangxi to red soil, and the mass fraction of the clay in red soil is for 85%).That end face that brick body 1 has hole is square, side
A length of 20cm.Hole 2 is circular hole, and hole number is 9, and bore dia is 2cm.
As shown in Fig. 2 the preparation method of above-mentioned nanoporous brick is：
A () is put into after weighing calcium type attapulgite clay, three kinds of material disintegratings of calcium type clinoptilolite and red soil according to the above ratio
In agitator, it is sufficiently stirred for even.
B mixed material that () will obtain in step (a) granulate and obtains composite particles, and the condition of granulation is：By step
A () broken compound material first crosses 15 μm of screen cloth, be retained less than the compound material of 15 μm of particle diameter, after 10 μm of screen cloth, retains
Compound material of the particle diameter more than 10 μm, the particle diameter of the composite particles for finally giving is 10-15 μm；
C composite particles that () will obtain in step (b) mixed with water after again by mould extrusion molding, obtain wet base
Body, wherein, the vertical sectional shape of mould is square, and the length of side of mould is 20cm, and mould is provided with circular hole, and circular hole number is 9
It is individual, and bore dia is 2cm；
D wet base substrate that () will obtain in step (c) is cut, and obtains wet brick body, and the length of wet brick body is 10cm, cutting
Condition be：Using mechanical cutting tool by wet base substrate at interval of 10cm transverse cuts, after cutting, disconnected section is repaiied using blade
It is smooth；
E wet brick body that () will obtain in step (d) is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, is then calcined under the conditions of 450 DEG C
2h, roasting naturally cools to room temperature and obtains nanoporous brick after terminating.
Nanoporous brick in the present embodiment is suitable for deeper river course reparation (more than depth 2m), with efficient absorption
Ability, can effectively reduce the nitrogen and phosphorus pollution material in polluted-water；Nanoporous brick in the present embodiment is due to nano-pore
Structure, can adhere to substantial amounts of nano bubble, improve the dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) of surrounding environment；The nanoporous brick of the present embodiment
Due to substantial amounts of microcellular structure, with larger specific surface area, can also be provided for the growth of microorganism, activity and breeding
Space and place.
Embodiment 2
As shown in figure 1, a kind of nanoporous brick for the purification of heavily contaminated city river water quality, including brick body 1 and hole 2,
Described brick body 1 is cuboid, and described hole 2 is through-hole structure, in brick body 1.The material of brick body 1 is 10-15 μm of particle diameter
Composite particles, described composite particles are mixed by calcium type attapulgite clay, calcium type clinoptilolite and red soil；Wherein, calcium
(place of production is Xuyi Jiangsu to type attapulgite clay, and the mass fraction of the concave convex rod in calcium type attapulgite clay is 50%, calcareous composition
(CaO) mass fraction be 20%, balance of Si oxide, aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide) mass fraction be 35%, calcium type
(place of production is Xuancheng Profile, anhui Province to clinoptilolite, the mass fraction 55% of the clinoptilolite in calcium type clinoptilolite, calcareous composition (CaO)
Mass fraction 20%, balance of Si oxide, aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide) mass fraction be 45%, remaining composition is
(place of production is Jiangxi to red soil, and the mass fraction of the clay in red soil is for 90%).That end face that brick body 1 has hole is square, side
A length of 15cm.Hole 2 is circular hole, and hole number is 16, and bore dia is 1.5cm.
As shown in Fig. 2 the preparation method of above-mentioned nanoporous brick is：
A () weighs calcium type attapulgite clay, three kinds of materials of calcium type clinoptilolite and red soil and is put into agitator according to the above ratio
It is interior, it is sufficiently stirred for even.
B mixed material that () will obtain in step (a) granulate and obtains composite particles, and the condition of granulation is：By step
A () broken compound material first crosses 15 μm of screen cloth, be retained less than the compound material of 15 μm of particle diameter, after 10 μm of screen cloth, retains
Compound material of the particle diameter more than 10 μm, the particle diameter of the composite particles for finally giving is 10-15 μm；
C composite particles that () will obtain in step (b) mixed with water after again by mould extrusion molding, obtain wet base
Body, wherein, the vertical sectional shape of mould is square, and the length of side of mould is 15cm, and mould is provided with circular hole, and circular hole number is 16
It is individual, and bore dia is 1.5cm；
D wet base substrate that () will obtain in step (c) is cut, and obtains wet brick body, and the length of wet brick body is 15cm, cutting
Condition with embodiment 1；
E wet brick body that () will obtain in step (d) is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, is then calcined under the conditions of 500 DEG C
1.5h, roasting naturally cools to room temperature and obtains nanoporous brick after terminating.
Nanoporous brick in the present embodiment is suitable for the river course reparation (depth 1-2m scopes) of middle deep, with efficient
Adsorption capacity, can effectively reduce the nitrogen and phosphorus pollution material in polluted-water；Nanoporous brick in the present embodiment is due to having
Nano-pore structure, can adhere to substantial amounts of nano bubble, improve the dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) of surrounding environment；The nanometer of the present embodiment
Porous brick, due to substantial amounts of microcellular structure, can be growth, activity and the breeding of microorganism with larger specific surface area
Space and place are provided.
Embodiment 3
As shown in figure 1, a kind of nanoporous brick for the purification of heavily contaminated city river water quality, including brick body 1 and hole 2,
Described brick body 1 is cuboid, and described hole 2 is through-hole structure, in brick body 1.The material of brick body 1 is 10-15 μm of particle diameter
Composite particles, described composite particles are mixed by calcium type attapulgite clay, calcium type clinoptilolite and red soil；Wherein, calcium
(place of production is Xuyi Jiangsu to type attapulgite clay, and the mass fraction of the concave convex rod in calcium type attapulgite clay is 60%, calcareous composition
(CaO) mass fraction be 18%) mass fraction be 40%, (place of production is Xuancheng Profile, anhui Province to calcium type clinoptilolite, and calcium type tiltedly sends out boiling
The mass fraction 50% of the clinoptilolite in stone, the mass fraction 20% of calcareous composition (CaO)) mass fraction be 40%, its
Remaining composition is that (place of production is Jiangxi to red soil, and the mass fraction of the clay in red soil is for 80%).One of end face of brick body 1 is for just
Square, the length of side is 10cm.Hole 2 is circular hole, and hole number is 9, and bore dia is 2cm.
As shown in Fig. 2 the preparation method of above-mentioned nanoporous brick is：
((a) weighs calcium type attapulgite clay, three kinds of materials of calcium type clinoptilolite and red soil and is put into agitator according to the above ratio
It is interior, it is sufficiently stirred for even.
B mixed material that () will obtain in step (a) granulate and obtains composite particles, and the condition of granulation is：By step
A () broken compound material first crosses 15 μm of screen cloth, be retained less than the compound material of 15 μm of particle diameter, after 10 μm of screen cloth, retains
Compound material of the particle diameter more than 10 μm, the particle diameter of the composite particles for finally giving is 10-15 μm；
C composite particles that () will obtain in step (b) mixed with water after again by mould extrusion molding, obtain wet base
Body, wherein, the vertical sectional shape of mould is square, and the length of side of mould is 10cm, and mould is provided with circular hole, and circular hole number is 9
It is individual, and bore dia is 1.5cm；
D wet base substrate that () will obtain in step (c) is cut, and obtains wet brick body, and the length of wet brick body is 15cm, cutting
Condition with embodiment 1；
E wet brick body that () will obtain in step (d) is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C, is then calcined under the conditions of 550 DEG C
1h, roasting naturally cools to room temperature and obtains nanoporous brick after terminating.
Nanoporous brick in the present embodiment is suitable for the river course reparation (depth of slight depth<1m scopes), with efficient
Adsorption capacity, can effectively reduce the nitrogen and phosphorus pollution material in polluted-water；Nanoporous brick in the present embodiment is due to having
Nano-pore structure, can adhere to substantial amounts of nano bubble, improve the dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) of surrounding environment；The nanometer of the present embodiment
Porous brick, due to substantial amounts of microcellular structure, can be growth, activity and the breeding of microorganism with larger specific surface area
Space and place are provided.
Embodiment 4
A kind of nanoporous brick for the purification of heavily contaminated city river water quality that the present invention is provided, its application process is such as
Under：
River course a length in Nanjing is 500m, and width is 6m, and the depth of water is 2.1m, is a city river for heavily contaminated, this
Length is selected in embodiment carries out purification of water quality experiment, the nanoporous brick prepared in selection embodiment 1 for one section of river course of 20m
Used as repair materials, every 12 pieces of bricks are a combination, are bundled with straw rope, form cuboid (three layers, 4 pieces every layer), will using iron ship
Nanoporous brick is transported in river course to be repaired.Before modular tile is delivered, first a rope is drawn in the cross section in river course, then according to rope
Deliver brick body, the transversal river course of brick wall builds, the duct of nanoporous brick parallel to water (flow) direction, after one layer has spread, in ground floor
The modular tile top paving second layer, the second layer repaves third layer, ultimately forms and be about 6m after having spread, 1.8m high, the brick wall of 0.2m wide.
According to this step, one group of interception wall is set at interval of 5m.Upstream and downstream in Experimental Area respectively sets sampled point, and one week laggard
Row water quality monitoring.The clearance that experimental result is shown in Table 1, COD is the clearance of 50.6%, TN for the clearance of 35.4%, TP is
55.1%, NH4 +The clearance 46.8% of-N, DO raises 33.3%, and transparency increases by 39.7%.
The Nanjing river course a water quality index of table 1 and clean-up effect
Embodiment 5
A kind of nanoporous brick for the purification of heavily contaminated city river water quality that the present invention is provided, its application process is such as
Under：
River course b length in Nanjing is 850m, and width is 8m, and the depth of water is 0.9m, is a heavily contaminated city river, selection
Used as repair materials, every 12 pieces of bricks are a combination to the nanoporous brick prepared in embodiment 3, are bundled with straw rope, form cuboid
(three layers, 4 pieces every layer), during nanoporous brick transported into river course to be repaired using iron ship.Before modular tile is delivered, first in river course
Cross section draw a rope, then deliver brick body according to rope, the transversal river course of brick wall builds, and the duct of nanoporous brick is parallel to current
Direction, after one layer has spread, spreads the second layer above ground floor modular tile, and two layers are laid altogether, ultimately forms and is about 8m, 0.6m high,
The brick wall of 0.3m wide.According to this step, one group of interception wall is set at interval of 5m.Upstream and downstream in Experimental Area is respectively set to be adopted
Sampling point, carries out water quality monitoring after one week.Experimental result is shown in Table the clearance of 2, COD for the clearance of 48.2%, TN is 32.5%,
The clearance of TP is 49.7%, NH4 +The clearance 39.4% of-N, DO raises 30.5%.
The Nanjing river course b water quality index of table 2 and clean-up effect
Embodiment 6
River course c length in Nanjing is 1000m, and width is 13m, and the depth of water is 1.4m, side slope width 1.6m, bank slope inclination angle
30 ° are spent because the river course is navigation channel property river course, and navigation is not influence navigation, using riverside slope repair mode more frequently.First
Then the nanoporous brick prepared in selection embodiment 2 gathers the Channel slope bed mud, and be filled with as repair materials
Inside the vertical channel of nanoporous brick, then aquatic vegetation calamus is inserted into kind in duct, will finally be inserted with the brick of plant along the river
Road side slope laying.Meanwhile, be directly planted in calamus in Channel slope bed mud by setting control, and plant growing way is carried out after one month
Observation, while determine the dissolved oxygen on brick surface, using the dissolved oxygen on brick periphery as control.Experimental result is shown in Table 3, is inserted in nanometer many
Growing plants growth conditions are significantly better than control group in the brick of hole, while the more oxygen of nanoporous brick surface enrichment.
The plant growth state of table 3 and oxygen content
Embodiment 7
River course d length in Nanjing is 2000m, and width is 20m, and the depth of water is 2.4m, side slope width 2.5m, bank slope inclination angle
40 ° of degree, because the river course is navigation channel property river course, navigation is not influence navigation, using riverside slope repair mode more frequently.It is first
First nanoporous brick, as repair materials, then gathers the Channel slope bed mud, and be filled with nanometer in selection embodiment 3
Inside the vertical channel of porous brick, then aquatic vegetation Arundo donax is inserted into kind in duct, will finally be inserted with the brick of Arundo donax
Opened along Channel slope laying.Meanwhile, be directly planted in Arundo donax in Channel slope bed mud by setting control, and one month is laggard
Row plant growing way is observed, while determine the dissolved oxygen on brick surface, using the dissolved oxygen on brick periphery as control.Experimental result is shown in Table 4,
Growing plants growth conditions are significantly better than control group in being inserted in nanoporous brick, while nanoporous brick surface enrichment is more
Oxygen.
The plant growth state of table 4 and oxygen content
Claims (9)
1. it is a kind of for heavily contaminated city river water quality purification nanoporous brick, it is characterised in that：Including brick body (1) and hole
(2), described brick body (1) is cuboid, and described hole (2) is through-hole structure, in brick body (1), is had on the hole wall of hole (2)
There is intensive nanoaperture；The material of described brick body (1) is the composite particles of 10-15 μm of particle diameter, described composite particles by
Calcium type attapulgite clay, calcium type clinoptilolite and red soil are mixed；Wherein, the mass fraction of calcium type attapulgite clay is 30-
40%, the mass fraction of calcium type clinoptilolite is 40%-50%, and remaining composition is red soil.
2. a kind of nanoporous brick for the purification of heavily contaminated city river water quality according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：One of end face of described brick body (1) is square, and the length of side is 10-20cm.
3. a kind of nanoporous brick for the purification of heavily contaminated city river water quality according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Described hole (2) is circular hole, and hole number is 9 or 16, and bore dia is 1.5-2cm.
4. described in claim 1 it is a kind of for heavily contaminated city river water quality purification nanoporous brick preparation method,
Its step is：
A () weighs after calcium type attapulgite clay, calcium type clinoptilolite and red soil are crushed and is put into agitator in proportion, be sufficiently stirred for
Uniformly, compound material is obtained, wherein, the mass fraction of calcium type attapulgite clay is 30-40%, the quality point of calcium type clinoptilolite
Number is 40%-50%, and remaining composition is red soil；
B compound material that () will obtain in step (a) granulate obtaining composite particles；
C composite particles that () will obtain in step (b) mixed with water after again by mould extrusion molding, obtain wet base substrate；
D wet base substrate that () will obtain in step (c) is cut, and obtains wet brick body；
E wet brick body that () will obtain in step (d) is dried and is calcined, and roasting naturally cools to room temperature and obtains nanometer after terminating
Porous brick.
5. it is according to claim 4 it is a kind of for heavily contaminated city river water quality purification nanoporous brick preparation side
Method, it is characterised in that：The mass fraction of the concave convex rod in calcium type attapulgite clay in the step (a) is 45-60%, calcareous
The mass fraction of composition CaO is 15-25%, and remaining is Si oxide, aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide, and mass fraction is 15%-
40%；The mass fraction of the clinoptilolite in calcium type clinoptilolite is 50-60%, the mass fraction 15- of calcareous composition CaO
20%, remaining is Si oxide, aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide, and mass fraction is 20%-35%；The quality of the clay in red soil
Fraction is more than 80%.
6. it is according to claim 4 it is a kind of for heavily contaminated city river water quality purification nanoporous brick preparation side
Method, it is characterised in that：The condition of granulation is the sieve that compound material after step (a) is crushed first crosses 15 μm in the step (b)
Net, is retained less than the compound material of 15 μm of particle diameter, after 10 μm of screen cloth, retains compound material of the particle diameter more than 10 μm, finally
The particle diameter of the composite particles for obtaining is 10-15 μm.
7. it is according to claim 6 it is a kind of for heavily contaminated city river water quality purification nanoporous brick preparation side
Method, it is characterised in that：The vertical sectional shape of the mould in the step (c) is square, and the foursquare length of side is 10-
20cm, mould is provided with circular hole, and circular hole number is 9 or 16, and bore dia is 1.5-2cm；Wet brick body in the step (d)
Length be 10-15cm.
8. it is according to claim 7 it is a kind of for heavily contaminated city river water quality purification nanoporous brick preparation side
Method, it is characterised in that：Drying temperature is 105 DEG C in the step (e), and sintering temperature is 400-550 DEG C, and roasting time is 1-
2h。
9. a kind of nanoporous brick for the purification of heavily contaminated city river water quality in claim 1-3 described in any one exists
Application in the riverway water quality purification of contamination type.
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| CN102276238B (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2013-01-30 | 华东师范大学 | Water environment restoration material and preparation method |
| CN202220104U (en) * | 2011-08-23 | 2012-05-16 | 王丽妹 | Water treatment device combining carbon fiber material filler and ecological brick |
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