CN104852569B - A kind of digital state machine controlled for low ripple charge pump DC-DC converter - Google Patents
A kind of digital state machine controlled for low ripple charge pump DC-DC converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN104852569B CN104852569B CN201410055568.3A CN201410055568A CN104852569B CN 104852569 B CN104852569 B CN 104852569B CN 201410055568 A CN201410055568 A CN 201410055568A CN 104852569 B CN104852569 B CN 104852569B
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- psm
- output voltage
- conversion
- conversion ratio
- state machine
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
- H02M3/07—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
Switching Power Supply has the advantages that high efficiency, low EMI, small volume, is the important component of power-supply management system.The present invention is directed to switching capacity type DC DC converters, modulates (PSM) technology using gain hit modulation technique and pulse-skip, proposes a kind of mode control method based on digital state machine.This selects suitable modulation scheme according to the change of load current, " coarse adjustment " is carried out to output voltage by gain hit first, " fine setting " is carried out to output voltage by pulse-skip technology again, while ensureing that system obtains greater efficiency, reduces output voltage ripple.This control method is applied to efficiency and the more sensitive application field of noise ratio.
Description
Technical field：
Patent of the present invention covers switching capacity dc-dc principle, Ripple Noise suppression technology, digital state machine control
Field.
Background technology：
With continuing to develop for integrated circuit technique, a large amount of appearance of portable mobile termianl are especially in recent years, intelligent
Mobile phone, panel computer, the product such as GPS, requirement to power supply also more and more higher, so as to it is also proposed more to power supply source
It is required that, for example：Portability, low-power consumption, output stabilization, high efficiency etc..Developing rapidly for portable electric appts power supply is promoted.
Electronic system generally can not directly be powered by battery or power supply adaptor for it, it usually needs a voltage modulator will be unstable
DC voltage be converted to stable system power supply power supply.At present, dc-dc is broadly divided into two classes：Linear voltage regulator
And Switching Power Supply modulator (LDO).LDO has the advantages that low ripple, low noise, designs simple, is widely used in quick to noise
The occasion of sense；But it also there are shortcomings, such as step-down can only be realized, and it is less efficient.Switching Power Supply is divided into inductive type again
And capacitor type.Wherein inductive type due to energy-storage travelling wave tube be inductance, cause higher electromagnetic interference (EMI),；Capacitor type is (also known as electric
Lotus pump-type) electric capacity is used as energy-storage travelling wave tube, EMI is greatly reduced, conversion efficiency is also higher, have the disadvantage that Ripple Noise is larger.
Conventional charge pump-type Switching Power Supply typically using fixed conversion than with fixed switching frequency Linear Control charge pump
Discharge and recharge, with low noise, the advantage that high EMI suppresses, but its conversion efficiency is low, be especially operated in the conversion efficiency of low-load compared with
It is low., can be using the electric capacity pumps changed than pattern in order to improve efficiency more, how this controls different switching than coordinating work if just bringing
The problem of making.
The control mode of many conversion specific charge pump-type Switching Power Supplies mainly has two kinds：One kind is not adoption status machine, directly
Schema control is carried out with combinational logic circuit, another is the control of adoption status machine.Directly it is with the advantage of Combinational Logic Control
Logic is simple, fast response time, and its shortcoming is exactly easily generation competition between two kinds of modulation schemes, so that cause output to be shaken,
Output voltage ripple is larger.The control of adoption status machine can avoid the competition between pattern, and the control flow delivered at present is：When
When output voltage is higher than high threshold voltage, charge pump is waited for (i.e. pulse-skip modulating mode PSM), now by exporting
Electric capacity is to load discharge, output voltage reduction；Below the low to high threshold voltage of output voltage drop, but remain above low threshold voltage
When, switched capacitor array starts with low gain to output capacitance and load discharge, if now load continuous increases, output voltage
During less than low threshold voltage, charge pump, which becomes again, jumps to a high gain mode electric discharge, until higher than low threshold voltage, returning to afterwards
Low gain mode.This control method is by than between being redirected back and forth in two conversions, output is maintained at nominal value range
Interior, logic is simple, but under some loading conditions, can be because the frequent of conversion ratio redirects and causes output ripple larger.
The content of the invention：
Deficiencies of the invention for above-mentioned many conversion specific charge pump-type Switching Power Supply control methods, it is proposed that one kind, which is used, to be changed
The digital state machine control method entered, according to the change of load current by several modulation schemes of digital state machine dynamic control,
While reducing output voltage ripple, it is ensured that quickly digitize dynamic response.
The present invention using improved digital state machine as core, using gain hit modulation technique GHM (block diagram is shown in accompanying drawing 2) and
Pulse-skip modulation technique PSM (block diagram is shown in accompanying drawing 3), the selection that digital state machine is completed according to load condition between gain switches
With the adjustment of switching frequency.Core concept is to control two kinds of modulation schemes by state machine, and two kinds of mechanism work when different, it is to avoid
Competitive effect is produced, reasonable distribution work schedule efficiently controls adjustment output；Make system digitalized simultaneously, make more complexity
Control algolithm be implemented as possibility.Although state machine is exemplified by controlling three to change specific charge switch pump power supply in this document
(see accompanying drawing 4), but the present invention can expand to the situation of other many conversion ratios.
Brief description of the drawings：
The switching capacity dc-dc system block diagram of the adoption status machine of accompanying drawing 1 control
The gain hit technical schematic diagram of accompanying drawing 2
The impulse hits technical schematic diagram of accompanying drawing 3
The state diagram of accompanying drawing 4
Accompanying drawing 5 is using the system output voltage ripple change curve under digital state machine control
Embodiment：
The input of state machine is d1d2AB, signal d2 and d1 are 2bit digital quantity of the input voltage after ADC, d2For a high position,
D1 is low level；Signal A and B are the output signals of output detection circuit；Output signal e n and t32It is topology in switched capacitor array
The control signal of structure, that is, change than control signal, S1For PSM mode control signals.
The design of state machine includes Q0 to Q8 totally nine states, and wherein Q0 is original state, Q2 with Q3 states are corresponding ×
2/3 is unable to unbalanced pulse jump modulation PSM patterns with × 1 two conversion ratio, the two states；Q1, Q4 and Q5 respectively correspond to ×
1/2nd, × 2/3 compare with × 1 three conversion, PSM patterns can be opened under these three states；Q6, Q7 and Q8 correspond to respectively ×
1/2nd, × 2/3 with × 1 three state of the conversion than lower unlatching PSM.
During system worked well, initial conversion ratio is determined according to input voltage first, into Q1, Q2 or Q3.Now, it is defeated
Go out if above high threshold voltage, then state can be by Q3 to Q2, then from Q2 to Q1 saltus steps, that is, reduces conversion ratio.Under Q1 patterns,
If output still exceeds high threshold, into Q6, start PSM.Under Q1 and Q2 states, if output is less than low threshold,
Respectively to state Q4 and Q5 saltus step, that is, improve conversion ratio.State Q2 and Q4 be corresponding × 2/3 conversion compare, same Q3 and Q5 are right
Should × 1 conversion ratio.It is difference preceding state using the purpose of the same conversion ratio of different conditions correspondence.In Q4 and Q5 states
Under, if output is higher than high threshold, and known State Transferring before them than less than current conversion than (i.e. previous shape
State output is less than low threshold), then into state Q7 or Q8, start PSM states.Thus, PSM turns into fixed conversion than lower to voltage
It is finely adjusted the means of step-down.
In order to prevent under dynamic loading, state machine is locked in the PSM states of some height conversion ratio, counter counter1
With counter2 distinguish corresponding states Q7 and Q8, to control × 2/3 and × 1 conversion than when PSM open maximum time.Such as
The value of fruit counter reaches default maximum, and state is by being switched to the low gain state of next stage from high-gain, so as to improve
Efficiency.
As can be seen here, state machine is really the means for being used for carrying out output voltage coarse adjustment using different switching, and incite somebody to action
PSM makes two mechanism mutual cooperations as the means of output fine tuning, is ensureing efficient while reducing output voltage ripple.
Claims (1)
1. the switching capacity DC- controlled based on digital state machine of a kind of use gain hit technology and pulse-skip modulation technique
The control method of the digital state machine of DC converters, it is characterised in that digital state machine uses the control method of patten transformation, will
Gain hit as output voltage " coarse adjustment " means, and using adjust equivalent clock frequency PSM technologies be used as output voltage
" fine tuning " means, are ensureing efficient while reducing output voltage ripple；
Concrete methods of realizing：First according to input voltage select initial voltage conversion compare, then output voltage with setting two
High and low thresholding is compared, and further adjusts voltage conversion ratio；The setting of voltage conversion ratio is not only by current under some state
Output voltage is determined, also to be influenceed by Last status；When currently exporting than wealthy family's limit for height, if Last status is than current shape
The conversion of state continues to reduce conversion ratio than high, then, if being that minimum conversion than if opens PSM；If last state ratio is worked as
Preceding conversion then enters PSM states than low under current conversion ratio；When currently output is lower than low threshold, if being currently PSM shapes
State, then jump out PSM；If not PSM states, then higher voltage conversion ratio is skipped to；Compare if changed in highest, report
Alert output overloading；Under the conditions of not least conversion ratio, jump out the modes of PSM states except output voltage beyond threshold level with
Outside, the time being additionally included under PSM states exceedes value set in advance, and at this moment next state should jump to lower conversion ratio
Under.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410055568.3A CN104852569B (en) | 2014-02-19 | 2014-02-19 | A kind of digital state machine controlled for low ripple charge pump DC-DC converter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410055568.3A CN104852569B (en) | 2014-02-19 | 2014-02-19 | A kind of digital state machine controlled for low ripple charge pump DC-DC converter |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104852569A CN104852569A (en) | 2015-08-19 |
| CN104852569B true CN104852569B (en) | 2017-07-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410055568.3A Expired - Fee Related CN104852569B (en) | 2014-02-19 | 2014-02-19 | A kind of digital state machine controlled for low ripple charge pump DC-DC converter |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105896961B (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2019-09-20 | 北京集创北方科技股份有限公司 | The control method and device of charge pump |
| CN114900036A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Switched capacitor voltage-stabilizing chip circuit with double control modes |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1916806A (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2007-02-21 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Control electrical appliances for electric charge pump |
| CN102468747A (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-05-23 | 无锡芯朋微电子有限公司 | Charge pump control circuit |
| CN102761244A (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2012-10-31 | 瑞昱半导体股份有限公司 | charge pump feedback control device and method thereof |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8730075B2 (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2014-05-20 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Apparatus and system to suppress analog front end noise introduced by charge-pump through employment of charge-pump skipping |
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2014
- 2014-02-19 CN CN201410055568.3A patent/CN104852569B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1916806A (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2007-02-21 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Control electrical appliances for electric charge pump |
| CN102468747A (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-05-23 | 无锡芯朋微电子有限公司 | Charge pump control circuit |
| CN102761244A (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2012-10-31 | 瑞昱半导体股份有限公司 | charge pump feedback control device and method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 采用有限状态机控制的升降压双通路高效率电荷泵;张杰 等;《固体电子学研究与进展》;20120630;第262-268页 * |
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| CN104852569A (en) | 2015-08-19 |
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