CN104847355A - Continuous mining method for hollow ground of medium-thickness steeply inclined ore body - Google Patents
Continuous mining method for hollow ground of medium-thickness steeply inclined ore body Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910020218 Pb—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000036366 Sensation of pressure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a medium-thickness steeply inclined ore body open field continuous mining method, which comprises the following steps: dividing a recovery area and recovery units in the recovery area; determining the overall stoping sequence of the stoping area; overall arrangement of stoping area stoping preparation projects; cutting and reinforcing mining and recovery units; constructing a temporary pillar recovery safe mining environment; and recycling the temporarily-retained ore pillars step by step. The invention can realize safe, efficient and low-cost mining of ore bodies, adopts zone-to-zone fractional stoping, firstly uses the chamber in the stoping area of the sectional empty stope, and then stopes pillars in the stoping area on the basis of constructing a mining safe environment, thereby realizing continuous mining in the area, being applied to mines with the surface allowed to collapse and not cemented filling, being particularly suitable for the extended mining of medium-thickness and steeply inclined ore body resources, and realizing continuous mining.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mining technique field, be specifically related to thick high-dipping ore block barnyard continuous exploitation method in one.
Background technology
Traditional open-stope mining is divided into mineral building and ore pillar nugget, a step rooming, and two steps reclaim ore pillars, but due to the impact of economic benefit and safety, a step rooming is only paid attention in many mines, the delayed recovery that even have ignored ore pillar in two step back production; This exploitation method, due to the restriction by mineral building stability, it is comparatively large that pre-pillar takies stock number, and be subject to the impact of process for stoping, the irregularity that its form becomes, and causes later stage recovery process complexity, the rate of recovery low; In two step back production, do not consider all class safety problems such as Mined-out area disposal, underground pressure management simultaneously, cause faces replacement difficulty, exploitation cannot be carried out in order up and down, seriously constrains mine development.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve technical problem of the prior art, providing a kind of and not staying Permanent pillar, adopt thick high-dipping ore block barnyard continuous exploitation method in a step back production subregion gradation enforcement.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention by the following technical solutions: thick high-dipping ore block barnyard continuous exploitation method in one, the method comprises the following steps:
A, the back production unit be divided back in territory, exploiting field and back production region: a stage casing is divided into several continuous stoping regions; be some back production unit by each back production Region dividing again; studding is persisted between back production unit; the interregional reservation isolation strip of back production; and according to the degree of depth of the country rock physics classroom teaching and exploitation that affect STOPE STABILITY; determine the isolation strip of support country rock, persist studding and fore-set reasonable size, guarantee the stability of back production region stoping period.
B, determine back production region back production general sequence: in the continuous stoping region in ore body and back production region, between back production unit, all adopt the stopping sequence advanced to two ends by middle part, the interregional isolation strip of such back production is few with the change frequency persisting studding stress distribution, avoid isolation strip and persist the destruction that studding repeated loading causes, reducing the possibility of its unstability.
C, accurate engineering is adopted in general arrangement back production region: in back production unit, determine height of lift according to ore drillability and explosiveness, along the outer arrangement stage haulage drift of orebody trend lower wall arteries and veins, arrange ventilation pedestrain raise in level haulageway side and adopt accurate drop shaft, get in touch with each segmentation, rooming each step-by-step arrangement rock drilling lane of back production unit, persist every step-by-step arrangement rock drilling lane in studding, back production unit bottom structure adopts Ore gathering by trench, the form of structure that the many crosscuts of bilateral are arranged is to improve back production efficiency, ensure ore removal safety, the polycrystalline substance of this form not only self is easy to reclaim, also for persist studding go up segmentation and the back production of fore-set region most time, the centralized recovery of ore creates favorable conditions.
D, cutting with enhanced recovery back production unit: with slot raise with cut gallery for the scope of freedom, adopt Qie Jingqie lane associating kerve method, blasting in groups forms cutting groove to mineral building verge advance, after cutting groove is formed, take cutting groove as the scope of freedom, mineral building gradation concentrated and carry out explosion, its effect improves stoping strength, the dead zone top plate maximum exposure area phase is shortened relatively, increases the safety of back production region and back production unit.
E, structure persist pillar recover safe working environment: for ensureing the safe retrieving persisting ore pillar, and the potential safety hazard that dead zone exposed area caused thus increases and brings, and need to build safe working environment.The structure of safe working environment comprises: form cushion; Construct the wave arrestment wall preventing air-shock wave from working the mischief to adjacent operating area; For guaranteeing that Earth pres-sure control is effectively implemented, early warning in time, setting up and arranging ground pressure monitoring early warning system; The pressure release engineering that pre-air defense area occurs large area inbreak initiation impact wave and implements, namely digs pressure release skylight well; Control the discharging tunnel end open wiring mouth safe distance of personnel and device security in ore removal process.
F, substep reclaim and persist ore pillar: on the basis building safe working environment, first will persist studding and go up segmentation most and blasting in once-through recovery is carried out in fore-set region, carry out ore removal subsequently, then under cushion, adopt Caving Method with Large Space tunneling boring retrusive to reclaim remainder studding and polycrystalline substance region.The effect persisting the recovery of ore pillar substep is: first, the ore removal task after pillar recover is born in remainder studding and polycrystalline substance region, can not destroy its integrality, ensures the unimpeded of ore removal passage; Secondly, leave the studding of certain altitude, for control back production region upper lower burrs adjoining rock stability, progressively discharge the stress of primary rock, prevent the generation of sudden inbreak accident from having positive meaning; In addition, the studding of reserved certain altitude, can stop from adjacent back production unit cushion to be moved with ore removal process time being mixed into of barren rock, effectively can reduce ore dilution.
Further, in described step C, back production unit bottom structure is not less than ore natural repose angle by ore deposit moat ditch ore drawing angle.
Further, in described step e, wave arrestment wall is rock or concrete wave arrestment wall.
Further, in described step e by force on induction caving armor rock or form cushion in conjunction with barren rock dry stowing.
Further, on described pressure induction caving armor rock be in, deep hole blasting force armor rock and chamber blasting on induction caving to force on induction caving in armor rock one or both.
Hinge structure of the present invention has following beneficial effect: the defect that the present invention is directed to traditional open-stope method Two step mining pattern, the feature of thick high-dipping ore block in foundation, do not stay Permanent pillar, adopt the scheme that a step back production subregion gradation is implemented, from the continuity of ore body, subregion subdivision considers back production relation as a whole, mineral building back production, pillar recover and Mined-out area disposal are placed in one and complete adopt Barebone and activities, the unified work arrangement solving region, structural parameters, the sequence of operation, process for stoping, to reach the object of high efficiente callback mineral resources, the present invention is not only a kind of mineral deposit continuous stoping technology, also be a kind of mining environment reconstruction technique simultaneously, the technical barrier of thick high-dipping ore block exploitation in can solving.The present invention can effectively construct mine safety mining environment, and this is not singly resource reclaim problem, is also the basic of the promotion normal orderly function in mine.The present invention can realize ore body safety, efficient, low cost exploitation, adopt subregion gradation back production, first use the mineral building in sublevel open stoping back production region, on the basis building exploitation security context, ore pillar subsequently in back production region, achieves the continuous exploitation in region, can allow to subside on earth's surface, apply in the mine of Non cemented filling, in being particularly useful for, thick high-dipping ore block resource deepening exploitation, can realize continuous exploitation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is enforcement schematic diagram of the present invention.
Reference numeral implication of the present invention is as follows: 1, studding; 2, fore-set; 3, rooming; 4, polycrystalline substance; 5, back production unit; 6, back production region; 7, persist studding and go up segmentation and fore-set region most; 8, remainder studding and polycrystalline substance region; 9, isolation strip; 10, cushion; 11, pressure release skylight well; 12, barren rock dry stowing; 13, chamber blasting forces armor rock on induction caving; 14, armor rock in, on deep hole blasting pressure induction caving; 15, ground pressure monitoring early warning system; 16, wave arrestment wall; 17, safe distance; 18, discharging tunnel; 19, boundary line, dead zone; 20, boundary line, earth's surface.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, certain Pb-Zn deposits, more than 65 °, the slanting angle of ore body, average thickness 24m, the complicated dead zone that more than its 950m stage casing Open stope mining accumulation is for many years formed does not deal with, and hidden danger is given prominence to, and seriously constrains the high-efficiency mining of bottom, mine resource.Thick high-dipping ore block barnyard continuous exploitation method in of the present invention for the ore body employing below this Pb-Zn deposits back production 950m stage casing.Concrete performance is as follows:
1. be divided back to back production unit in territory, exploiting field and back production region: determine to be a continuous stoping region 6 between 14 ~ 20 exploration line, 3 back production unit 5 are arranged altogether in back production region 6, the vertical orebody trend of back production unit 5 is arranged, studding 1 is persisted between back production unit 5, isolation strip 9 is retained between back production region 6, the wide 60m of back production unit 5, mineral building 3 width 45m, thickness is orebody thickness; Persisting the wide 15m of studding 1, is highly mineral building 3 height; Back production unit 5 fore-set 2 thickness 6m, moat ditch polycrystalline substance 4 height 12m.
2. determine back production general sequence: in the continuous stoping region 6 in ore body and back production region 6, between back production unit 5, all adopt the stopping sequence advanced to two ends by middle part.
3. accurate engineering is adopted in general arrangement: in back production unit 5, determine height of lift according to ore drillability and explosiveness, the height of lift determined is 14m and 18m, adopting accurate level is 912m, 926m, 944m, along the outer arrangement stage haulage drift of orebody trend lower wall arteries and veins, to arrange ventilation pedestrain raise in lower wall level haulageway side every 60m and adopt accurate drop shaft, get in touch with each segmentation, 912m level is normal back production segmentation, it is highly 14m, three rock drilling lanes are arranged in mineral building, persist in studding 1 and arrange a rock drilling lane, and with 926m sublevel drilling lane in aligning layout; 926m height of lift is 18m, same arrange three rock drilling lanes, one persist studding 1 rock drilling lane, persist layout rock drilling lane studding 1 in simultaneously in 944m level, persist fore-set 2 to reclaim.The form of structure that back production unit bottom structure 4 adopts the many crosscuts of Ore gathering by trench, bilateral to arrange, moat ditch polycrystalline substance 4 level is 900m, 900m ~ 912m is moat ditch polycrystalline substance 4, for guaranteeing that mineral building 3 all enters moat ditch by ore deposit scope production ore, moat ditch ore drawing angle is not less than 40 °, and lower disposed two is by ore deposit moat ditch.
4. cutting with enhanced recovery back production unit: first carry out 900m stage casing kerve, with its slot raise and cutting gallery for the scope of freedom, form cutting groove by slot raise to mineral building 3 border fan shaped medium length hole elementary errors blasting in groups kerve; After this segmentation kerve terminates, carry out 912m segmentation kerve, when quick-fried heap is too high, carry out a small amount of ore drawing in local in 900m stage casing, bottom; 926m segmentation adopts the mode same with 912m segmentation to carry out kerve, after whole kerf blasting completes, carries out a large amount of concentrating mining; After cutting groove is formed, take cutting groove as the scope of freedom, 3 points, back production unit 5 mineral building carries out concentrated explosion 4 times, and every separate explosion completes appropriate ore removal, a large amount of ore removal again after the explosion of whole mineral building 3 completes.
5. build and persist pillar recover safe working environment: by, deep hole forces armor rock 14 and chamber blasting on induction caving to force armor rock 13 on induction caving, defines the thick cushion of 25m 10 in conjunction with barren rock dry stowing 12; The discharging tunnel 18 end open wiring mouth safe distance 17 controlling personnel and device security in ore removal process remains on beyond 8m; Arrange 980m, 900m horizontal soil pressure monitor and early warning system 15; 208m pressure release skylight well is dug between boundary line, dead zone 19 and boundary line, earth's surface 20; Construct rock and concrete wave arrestment wall that 10 places prevent air-shock wave from working the mischief to adjacent operating area; By above safety engineering measure, construct the safe working environment persisting pillar recover.
During mineral building 3 back production, can relevant excavation work needed for synchronization implementation cushion 10 and other safety first engineering measure; After mineral building 3 back production terminates, form the cushion 10 of safe desired thickness immediately.
6. substep reclaims and persists ore pillar: on the basis building safe working environment, first the studding that persists of more than 926m is gone up segmentation most and blasting in once-through recovery is carried out in fore-set region 7, carry out ore removal subsequently, then adopt Caving Method with Large Space tunneling boring retrusive to reclaim remainder studding and polycrystalline substance region 8 10 times at cushion.
Claims (5)
1. a thick high-dipping ore block barnyard continuous exploitation method in, is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
A, the back production unit be divided back in territory, exploiting field and back production region: a stage casing is divided into several continuous stoping regions (6), again each back production region (6) is divided into some back production unit (5), studding (1) is persisted between back production unit (5), isolation strip (9) is retained between back production region (6), and according to the degree of depth of the country rock physics classroom teaching and exploitation that affect STOPE STABILITY, determine to support the isolation strip (9) of country rock, persist the reasonable size of studding (1) and fore-set (2);
B, determine back production region back production general sequence: the continuous stoping region (6) in ore body and all adopt the stopping sequence advanced to two ends by middle part between back production region (6) interior back production unit (5);
Accurate engineering is adopted in C, general arrangement back production region: in back production unit (5), determine height of lift according to ore drillability and explosiveness, along the outer arrangement stage haulage drift of orebody trend lower wall arteries and veins, arrange ventilation pedestrain raise in level haulageway side and adopt accurate drop shaft, get in touch with each segmentation, rooming (3) each step-by-step arrangement rock drilling lane of back production unit (5), persist every step-by-step arrangement rock drilling lane in studding (1), the form of structure that back production unit bottom structure (4) adopts the many crosscuts of Ore gathering by trench, bilateral to arrange;
D, cutting with enhanced recovery back production unit: with slot raise with cut gallery for the scope of freedom, adopt Qie Jingqie lane associating kerve method, blasting in groups forms cutting groove, after cutting groove is formed to mineral building (3) verge advance, take cutting groove as the scope of freedom, mineral building (3) gradation is concentrated and carries out explosion;
E, structure persist pillar recover safe working environment: form cushion (10); Construct the wave arrestment wall (16) preventing air-shock wave from working the mischief to adjacent operating area; Arrange ground pressure monitoring early warning system (15); Digging pressure release skylight well (11); Control discharging tunnel (18) end open wiring mouth safe distance (17) of personnel and device security in ore removal process;
F, substep reclaim and persist ore pillar: on the basis building safe working environment, first will persist studding and go up segmentation most and fore-set region (7) carry out blasting in once-through recovery, carry out ore removal subsequently, then under cushion (10), adopt Caving Method with Large Space tunneling boring retrusive to reclaim remainder studding and polycrystalline substance region (8).
2. thick high-dipping ore block barnyard continuous exploitation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step C, back production unit bottom structure (4) is not less than ore natural repose angle by ore deposit moat ditch ore drawing angle.
3. thick high-dipping ore block barnyard continuous exploitation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step e, wave arrestment wall (16) is rock or concrete wave arrestment wall.
4. thick high-dipping ore block barnyard continuous exploitation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: by force on induction caving armor rock or form cushion (10) in conjunction with barren rock dry stowing (12) in described step e.
5. thick high-dipping ore block barnyard continuous exploitation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: on described pressure induction caving armor rock be in, deep hole blasting force on induction caving on armor rock (14) and chamber blasting pressure induction caving in armor rock (13) one or both.
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105756679A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-07-13 | 江西稀有稀土金属钨业集团有限公司 | Slow-to-fast comprehensive shallow hole mining method for ultra-thin complex quartz vein |
| CN105822307A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-08-03 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Downward subsection open stope mining method |
| CN106121647A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-11-16 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Method for centralized recovery of lag pillars through fractional blasting |
| CN106437716A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-02-22 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Underground broken phosphorus ore body mining method |
| CN107178367A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-09-19 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Pressure relief and stoping method for steep medium-thickness ore body by segmented open-field method |
| CN107227957A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-10-03 | 远安县燎原矿业有限责任公司 | A kind of slight slope and thin ore body compartment Dry-placed fill method |
| CN108952713A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-12-07 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Recovery method of scattered minerals in closed-section stope |
| CN110259450A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-09-20 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Mining method for inclined-steeply inclined medium-thickness ore body |
| CN110500132A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-26 | 中南大学 | A kind of upstriker barnyard afterwards barren rock consolidated fill method |
| CN110656939A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-01-07 | 北京科技大学 | Large-stage efficient mining method for steeply inclined medium-thickness ore body meeting water argillization surrounding rock |
| CN111005724A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-04-14 | 南华大学 | Method for stoping residual ores on top and bottom plates of slowly-inclined goaf |
| CN111779485A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-10-16 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Combined hole segmented open stope subsequent filling mining method |
| CN113216964A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-06 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司 | Recovery method of deposit ore in process of transferring caving method to filling method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105756679A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-07-13 | 江西稀有稀土金属钨业集团有限公司 | Slow-to-fast comprehensive shallow hole mining method for ultra-thin complex quartz vein |
| CN105822307A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-08-03 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Downward subsection open stope mining method |
| CN106121647A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-11-16 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Method for centralized recovery of lag pillars through fractional blasting |
| CN106437716A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-02-22 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Underground broken phosphorus ore body mining method |
| CN107178367A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-09-19 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Pressure relief and stoping method for steep medium-thickness ore body by segmented open-field method |
| CN107227957A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-10-03 | 远安县燎原矿业有限责任公司 | A kind of slight slope and thin ore body compartment Dry-placed fill method |
| CN108952713A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-12-07 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Recovery method of scattered minerals in closed-section stope |
| CN110259450B (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2021-02-26 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Mining method for inclined-steeply inclined medium-thickness ore body |
| CN110259450A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-09-20 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Mining method for inclined-steeply inclined medium-thickness ore body |
| CN110500132A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-26 | 中南大学 | A kind of upstriker barnyard afterwards barren rock consolidated fill method |
| CN110500132B (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2020-05-22 | 中南大学 | Upward-moving type empty-field subsequent waste rock cementing filling method |
| CN110656939A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-01-07 | 北京科技大学 | Large-stage efficient mining method for steeply inclined medium-thickness ore body meeting water argillization surrounding rock |
| CN111005724A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-04-14 | 南华大学 | Method for stoping residual ores on top and bottom plates of slowly-inclined goaf |
| CN111005724B (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2021-01-12 | 南华大学 | Method for stoping residual ores on top and bottom plates of slowly-inclined goaf |
| CN111779485A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-10-16 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Combined hole segmented open stope subsequent filling mining method |
| CN113216964A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-06 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司 | Recovery method of deposit ore in process of transferring caving method to filling method |
| CN113216964B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2022-05-27 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司 | Recovery method of deposit ore in process of transferring caving method to filling method |
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