CNTsSiO2Three-dimensional nanometer material of Ni/Al-LDH nucleocapsid structure and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to nano structural material field, be specifically related to a kind of CNTsSiO2The preparation method of the three-dimensional nanometer material of Ni/Al-LDH nucleocapsid structure。
Background technology
Hydrotalcite-based compound is a class multifunctional material, also referred to as layered composite metal hydroxides, including brucite (Hydrotalcite, referred to as HT) and houghite (Hydrotalcite-likeCompounds, referred to as HTLCs)。Its typical molecular formula is [M2+ 1–xM3+ x(OH)2]x+[An– x/n·mH2O]x–。M therein2+、M3+Represent bivalence, trivalent metal cation, M respectively2+It can be the divalent ion of the metallic elements such as manganese, zinc, cobalt, nickel, ferrum, calcium, copper, magnesium;M3+Represent trivalent metal cation, it is possible to be the trivalent ion of the metallic elements such as aluminum, ferrum, chromium, gallium, nickel, manganese, cobalt;An–For biomolecule such as the tradable object anion of interlayer, organic anions as various in carbanion, sulfate ion, nitrate ion, hydroxide ion, phosphate anion, chloride ion, acetate, alkyl azochlorosulfonate etc. and biological objects such as coordination compound anion, heteropolyanion, polymer anion and aminoacid, nucleotide etc.。Electronegative interlayer anion positive charge that can balance on laminate in the way of electrostatic force or hydrogen bond makes whole brucite present electric neutrality。The hydrone and the anion that are positioned at interlayer can at random disconnect old key, form new key, and this character makes can optionally insert between laminate the anion of variety classes and quantity, makes brucite have structure designability。Therefore, brucite has that laminate is elementary composition and kind, the kind of interlayer anion and the Modulatory character of quantity and have potential application in many aspects, such as fields such as catalytic separation, anti-corrosion of metal, environmental protection, biological medicine, electrochemistry。
In recent years, people utilize brucite ion interchangeability, have synthesized a series of brucite and hydrotalcite-like materials。By brucite carries out the various design such as design on material structure, multi-component doped, brucite is made likely to have broad application prospects at each industrial circle。Such as Li et al. (ElectrochimicaActa, 2014,134,309) is under microwave-assisted, is prepared for sheet nickel aluminum hydrotalcite nano structure by refluxing, and in the KOH electrolyte of 6mol/L, under 1A/g electric current density, specific capacitance can reach 1630F/g。Wang et al. (EnergyFuels, 2010,24,6463) utilizes nickel nitrate and aluminum nitrate to be presoma, and in nickel foam, direct growth nickel aluminum hydrotalcite material, this configuration avoids the use of adhesive in electrode production process, improve the chemical property of material。Brucite prepared in above achievement in research mostly is laminar structured, and this construction features is easily caused hydrotalcite material and in use easily reunites, and service life substantially reduces。Even at Li et al. (ElectrochimicaActa, 2014,134,309) in achievement in research, the Graphene good by introducing electric conductivity, designs a kind of three dimensional composite structure material based on brucite Yu Graphene, also it is difficult to obtain a kind of contact good, constitutionally stable composite。Therefore how being combined with brucite by material with carbon element good for electric conductivity such as CNT, that design a kind of novelty, stable three dimensional structure is significant to promoting material property。
Summary of the invention
The invention aims to shortcomings such as overcoming hydrotalcite nano piece easily to reunite, electric conductivity is poor, chemical property is poor, how being combined with nickel aluminum hydrotalcite by material with carbon element good for electric conductivity such as CNT, that design a kind of novelty, stable 3-D nano, structure material is to promote material property。Propose a kind of with CNT (being subsequently abbreviated as CNTs) for core, with nickel aluminum hydrotalcite (being subsequently abbreviated as Ni/Al-LDH) for shell, (be subsequently abbreviated as SiO with silicon dioxide2) for connecting layer three-dimensional manometer nucleocapsid structure--CNT titanium dioxide tantnickel aluminum hydrotalcite, wherein this composite material of core-shell structure is designated as: CNTsSiO2Ni/Al-LDH。
The technical scheme is that a kind of CNTsSiO2The preparation method of the three-dimensional nanometer material of Ni/Al-LDH nucleocapsid structure, comprises the following steps:
1) take a certain amount of CNT, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in container, add ethanol, deionized water formation mixed solution, above-mentioned mixed solution is carried out supersound process and obtains carbon nano-tube solution A;
2) in solution A, NaOH, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) are added, after stirring under room temperature condition, centrifugal or leaching, wash product with ethanol and dry, finally giving the powder B of cleaning;
3) a certain amount of aluminum isopropylate. is disperseed in deionized water, after stirring, drip HNO3Regulate after solution ph continuing stirs, solution system is cooled to room temperature, AlOOH colloidal sol can be obtained after moisture evaporates;
4) being ground by dried AlOOH, add deionized water, stirring and reflux 1-24 hour to obtain solution C;
5) taking a certain amount of solution C, powder B mixes, and by centrifugal for product or filtration, alcohol wash after stirring, product can obtain material powder D after drying;
6) powder D is dispersed in the deionized water having dissolved carbamide, after stirring, obtains solution E;
7) in solution E, Ni (NO is dripped3)2And after constantly stirring, above-mentioned solution system is transferred in reactor, reacting by heating certain time under uniform temperature, product is centrifuged or filtration after completing by question response, alternately washing product repeatedly with deionized water and ethanol, products therefrom is dried, just can obtain the 3-D nano, structure material of CNT titanium dioxide tantnickel aluminum hydrotalcite nucleocapsid structure。
Further, the mass ratio of the CNT in step 1) and CTAB ranges for 1:1 to 1:100。
Further, step 2) in NaOH concentration control at 0.01-5000mmol/L, tetraethyl orthosilicate concentration controls at 0.001-5000mmol/L。
Further, the mass ratio of the aluminum isopropylate. in step 3) and deionized water ranges for (1-100): 100, drips HNO in System Solution3Regulate solution ph and range for 1 ~ 8。
Further, when taking solution C and powder B mixing in step 5), the scope of every 1g powder B mixed solution C is 100-1000ml。
Further, the concentration range of the carbamide in step 6) is 0.1-5mol/L。
Further, the reacting by heating in step 6) refers to hydro-thermal reaction or water-bath or oil bath reaction, and reaction temperature is 50-250 DEG C。
Further, the hydro-thermal reaction in step 6) or water-bath or oil bath response time are 1-20 hour。
The present invention efficiently solves agglomeration traits and the bad problem of electric conductivity of nickel aluminum hydrotalcite nano piece, considerably increases the specific surface area of brucite so that it is activity is greatly enhanced。And provide a kind of brand-new preparation technology, it is successfully realized CNTsSiO2The preparation of the 3-D nano, structure material of Ni/Al-LDH nucleocapsid structure。The CNTsSiO of preparation2In Ni/Al-LDH composite, SiO2Layer is coated on CNTs surface formation nucleocapsid structure and is designated as CNTsSiO2, this body structure surface is that Ni/Al-LDH growth in situ provides favourable environment, is conducive to Ni/Al-LDH two-dimensional nano thin slice to be coated on CNTsSiO2On, one side avoids the reunion of the stacking and CNTs between Ni/Al-LDH two-dimensional nano thin slice;On the other hand, it is possible to obtain the great composite of specific surface area, and the space between nano flake be conducive to the immersion of liquid;It addition, CNTs provides swift electron passage as stratum nucleare, and can play a supporting role for composite, make composite have good mechanical stability。This composite construction has the mechanical stability of great specific surface area and excellence, can provide more favourable environment for this material redox reaction in electrochemical field is applied, catalytic reaction etc. in catalytic field is applied。
The present invention compared with prior art has the advantage that
1) CNTsSiO prepared2In Ni/Al-LDH 3-D nano, structure material, CNT provides electronics express passway so that it is have the charge transmission of excellence。
2) self assembly that Ni/Al-LDH two-dimensional nano sheet can be fairly regular is on the carbon nanotubes, and its size is controlled, has the electrochemical properties of excellence, and many nano effects of two-dimensional nano sheet can give full play of。
3) CNTsSiO prepared2The specific surface area of Ni/Al-LDH 3-D nano, structure material is very big, it is possible to store substantial amounts of electric charge, can obtain significantly high energy density during for the positive electrode of ultracapacitor。
4) CNT is that Ni/Al-LDH two-dimensional nano sheet provides stable structure support;Make it have stable chemical property。
5) preparation method is simple, environmental protection, it is easy to realize producing in enormous quantities。
6) CNTsSiO prepared2Ni/Al-LDH 3-D nano, structure materials application is to obtain very high energy density in super capacitor anode material。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the CNT titanium dioxide tantnickel aluminum hydrotalcite electrode material X ray diffracting spectrum prepared by the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the CNT titanium dioxide tantnickel aluminum hydrotalcite electrode material electron scanning micrograph prepared by the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the CNT titanium dioxide tantnickel aluminum hydrotalcite electrode material transmission electron microscope photo prepared by the present invention。
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
CNT titanium dioxide tantnickel aluminum hydrotalcite (CNTsSiO2Ni/Al-LDH) prepared by the 3-D nano, structure material of nucleocapsid structure。
1) take 0.01g CNT, 0.01gCTAB in container, state addition 0.01L ethanol, 0.01L deionized water in container then up, above-mentioned mixed solution is carried out supersound process, obtains carbon nano-tube solution A;
2) adding 0.1mlNaOH, 0.1ml tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in solution A, after stirring, centrifugal, ethanol is washed product and dries, and finally gives the powder B of cleaning。
3) 0.1g aluminum isopropylate. is dispersed in 0.1L deionized water, after stirring under 30 DEG C of conditions, System Solution upwards drips HNO3Regulating solution ph is 8, after continuing to stir, solution system is cooled to room temperature, can obtain AlOOH colloidal sol after moisture evaporates。Being ground by dried AlOOH, add 0.01L deionized water, after stirring, backflow can obtain solution C in 3 hours。
4) solution C 50ml is taken, powder B0.01g, by centrifugal for product or filtration, alcohol wash after stirring 5 hours, material powder D can be obtained by room temperature dry for product。
5) powder D is dispersed in the 50ml deionized water having dissolved 0.01g carbamide, after stirring, obtains solution E。
6) in solution E, 0.1mlNi (NO is dripped3)2After continuing to stir, above-mentioned solution system is transferred in reactor, 70 DEG C of water-baths 8 hours, product is centrifuged or filtration after completing by question response, alternately washing product repeatedly with deionized water and ethanol, products therefrom is dried, obtains CNT titanium dioxide tantnickel aluminum hydrotalcite (CNTsSiO2Ni/Al-LDH) three-dimensional nanometer material of nucleocapsid structure。
Embodiment 2:
1) take 0.01g CNT, 0.6gCTAB in container, state addition 0.1L ethanol, 0.1L deionized water in container then up, above-mentioned mixed solution is carried out supersound process, obtains carbon nano-tube solution A;
2) adding 0.2mlNaOH, 0.2ml tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in solution A, after stirring, centrifugal, ethanol is washed product and dries, and finally gives the powder B of cleaning。
3) 0.2g aluminum isopropylate. is dispersed in 0.2L deionized water, after stirring, System Solution upwards drips HNO3Regulating solution ph is 7, after continuing to stir, solution system is cooled to room temperature, can obtain AlOOH colloidal sol after moisture evaporates。Being ground by dried AlOOH, add 0.1L deionized water, after stirring, backflow can obtain solution C in 5 hours。
4) solution C 50ml is taken, powder B0.02g, by centrifugal for product or filtration, alcohol wash after stirring, material powder D can be obtained by room temperature dry for product。
5) powder D is dispersed in the 50ml deionized water having dissolved 0.1g carbamide, after stirring, obtains solution E。
6) in solution E, 0.2mlNi (NO is dripped3)2After continuing stirring, above-mentioned solution system is transferred in reactor, 80 DEG C of water-baths 20 hours, product is centrifuged or filtration after completing by question response, alternately washing product repeatedly with deionized water and ethanol, products therefrom is dried, obtains CNT titanium dioxide tantnickel aluminum hydrotalcite (CNTsSiO2Ni/Al-LDH) three-dimensional nanometer material of nucleocapsid structure。
Embodiment 3:
1) take 0.03g CNT, 2gCTAB in container, state addition 0.2L ethanol, 0.2L deionized water in container then up, above-mentioned mixed solution is carried out supersound process 6 hours, obtains carbon nano-tube solution A;
2) adding 5mlNaOH, 5ml tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in solution A, after stirring, centrifugal, ethanol is washed product and dries, and finally gives the powder B of cleaning。
3) 2g aluminum isopropylate. is dispersed in 0.5L deionized water, after stirring, System Solution upwards drips HNO3Regulating solution ph is 6, after continuing to stir, solution system is cooled to room temperature, can obtain AlOOH colloidal sol after moisture evaporates。Being ground by dried AlOOH, add 0.5L deionized water, after stirring, backflow can obtain solution C in 7 hours。
4) solution C 100ml is taken, powder B30g, by centrifugal for product or filtration, alcohol wash after stirring 1-48 hour, material powder D can be obtained by room temperature dry for product。
5) powder D is dispersed in the 5L deionized water having dissolved 20g carbamide, is uniformly mixing to obtain solution E。
6) in solution E, 50mlNi (NO is dripped3)2After continuing to stir, above-mentioned solution system is transferred in reactor, 100-250 DEG C of oil bath is reacted 1-48 hour, product is centrifuged or filtration after completing by question response, alternately washing product repeatedly with deionized water and ethanol, products therefrom dries, and just can obtain CNT titanium dioxide tantnickel aluminum hydrotalcite (CNTsSiO2Ni/Al-LDH) the 3-D nano, structure material of nucleocapsid structure。
Embodiment 4:
1) take 0.04g CNT, 10gCTAB in container, state addition 0.4L ethanol, 0.4L deionized water in container then up, above-mentioned mixed solution is carried out supersound process, obtains carbon nano-tube solution A;
2) adding 10mlNaOH (0.1M) in solution A, 10ml tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), after stirring under room temperature condition, centrifugal, ethanol is washed product and dries, and finally gives the powder B of cleaning。
3) 0.1g aluminum isopropylate. is dispersed in 0.1L deionized water, after stirring, System Solution upwards drips HNO3(1M) regulating solution ph is 1 ~ 8, after continuing to stir, solution system is cooled to room temperature, can obtain AlOOH colloidal sol after moisture evaporates。Being ground by dried AlOOH, add deionized water, after stirring, backflow can obtain solution C in 1-24 hour。
4) solution C 10ml is taken, powder B0.01g, by centrifugal for product or filtration, alcohol wash after stirring 1-48 hour, material powder D can be obtained by room temperature dry for product。
5) powder D is dispersed in the 10ml deionized water having dissolved 0.01g carbamide, after stirring, obtains solution E。
6) in solution E, 1mlNi (NO is dripped3)2(0.01M), after continuing to stir, above-mentioned solution system is transferred in reactor, 150 DEG C hydro-thermal reaction 1-48 hour, product is centrifuged or filtration after completing by question response, alternately product is washed repeatedly with deionized water and ethanol, dry under 20-100 DEG C of condition of products therefrom, obtain CNT titanium dioxide tantnickel aluminum hydrotalcite (CNTsSiO2Ni/Al-LDH) the 3-D nano, structure material of nucleocapsid structure。
Embodiment 5:
1) take 50g CNT, 100gCTAB in container, state addition 5L ethanol, 5L deionized water in container then up, above-mentioned mixed solution is carried out supersound process, obtains carbon nano-tube solution A;
2) adding 2.5LNaOH (10M) in solution A, 0.5L tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), after stirring under room temperature condition, centrifugal, ethanol is washed product and dries, and finally gives the powder B of cleaning。
3) 250g aluminum isopropylate. is dispersed in 5L deionized water, after stirring, System Solution upwards drips HNO3Regulating solution ph is 6, after continuing to stir, solution system is cooled to room temperature, can obtain AlOOH colloidal sol after moisture evaporates。Being ground by dried AlOOH (250g), add 5L deionized water, after stirring, backflow can obtain solution C in 1-24 hour。
4) solution C 5L is taken, powder B50g, by centrifugal for product or filtration, alcohol wash after stirring 1-48 hour, material powder D can be obtained by room temperature dry for product。
5) powder D is dispersed in the 5L deionized water having dissolved 50g carbamide, after stirring, obtains solution E。
6) in solution E, 0.5LNi (NO is dripped3)2(5M), after continuing to stir, above-mentioned solution system is transferred in reactor, 100 DEG C hydro-thermal reaction 1-48 hour, product is centrifuged or filtration after completing by question response, alternately washing product repeatedly with deionized water and ethanol, products therefrom dries, and obtains CNT titanium dioxide tantnickel aluminum hydrotalcite (CNTsSiO2Ni/Al-LDH) the 3-D nano, structure material of nucleocapsid structure。
Embodiment 6:
1) take 100g CNT, 200gCTAB in container, state addition 10L ethanol, 10L deionized water in container then up, above-mentioned mixed solution is carried out supersound process, obtains carbon nano-tube solution A;
2) adding 5LNaOH (20M) in solution A, 0.1-1L tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), after stirring under room temperature condition, centrifugal, ethanol is washed product and dries, and finally gives the powder B of cleaning。
3) 500g aluminum isopropylate. is dispersed in 10L deionized water, after stirring, System Solution upwards drips HNO3(5M) regulating solution ph is 2, after continuing to stir, solution system is cooled to room temperature, can obtain AlOOH colloidal sol after moisture evaporates。Taking the dried AlOOH of 500g to be ground, add 10L deionized water, after stirring, backflow can obtain solution C in 1-24 hour。
4) solution C 10L is taken, powder B100g, by centrifugal for product or filtration, alcohol wash after stirring, product is dried and can obtain material powder D。
5) powder D is dispersed in the 10L deionized water having dissolved 100g carbamide, after stirring, obtains solution E。
6) in solution E, 1LNi (NO is dripped3)2(10M), after continuing to stir, above-mentioned solution system is transferred in reactor, 130 DEG C hydro-thermal reaction 1-48 hour, product is centrifuged or filtration after completing by question response, alternately washing product repeatedly with deionized water and ethanol, gained dries, and obtains CNT titanium dioxide tantnickel aluminum hydrotalcite (CNTsSiO2Ni/Al-LDH) the 3-D nano, structure material of nucleocapsid structure。
By electron scanning micrograph and transmission electron microscope photo it can be seen that the CNT titanium dioxide tantnickel aluminum hydrotalcite (CNTsSiO for preparing of the present invention2Ni/Al-LDH) three-dimensional nanometer material of nucleocapsid structure, Ni/Al-LDH is uniformly distributed assembling on the carbon nanotubes, Stability Analysis of Structures。
Embodiment described above only have expressed the detailed description of the invention of the application, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the application protection domain。It should be pointed out that, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, under the premise conceived without departing from technical scheme, it is also possible to make some deformation and improvement, these broadly fall into the protection domain of the application。