CN104836239B - Low-voltage intelligent synchro switch - Google Patents
Low-voltage intelligent synchro switch Download PDFInfo
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- CN104836239B CN104836239B CN201510165532.5A CN201510165532A CN104836239B CN 104836239 B CN104836239 B CN 104836239B CN 201510165532 A CN201510165532 A CN 201510165532A CN 104836239 B CN104836239 B CN 104836239B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of low-voltage intelligent synchro switch, and the composition of this switch includes control module, current detection module, voltage detection module, input module, operating passing zero module, communication module, power module and display module；Wherein, control module is connected with other seven modules respectively, and power module is connected with operating passing zero module, communication module and display module the most respectively.The present invention passes through operating passing zero module and the cooperation of control module, can be at zero crossing switched capacitor or ac power switch, achieving capacitor to put at voltage over zero, current zero-crossing point excises, and no-flashy-flow during switching, does not play electric arc, does not damage switch contact, reach no-flashy-flow during switch on-off, contact does not sinters, and volume is little, energy consumption is little, does not introduce transient state and harmonic wave, can adapt to the harsh and unforgiving environments of various poles cold pole heat, and the occasion of various reactive capability demand can be met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of break-make control technology for exchanging reactive-load compensation capacitor, be specifically related to a kind of containing each phase electricity
Measure, defencive function, and controller can be not connected to automatically run the capacitor communicated with daemon software and other equipment
The reactive-load compensation synchro switch that switching controls.
Background technology
In low-voltage network, along with the extensively application of power electronic equipment, the increasing and household electrical appliance general of little industrial user
And, load becomes increasingly complex, and compared with traditional supply line, the demand of the reactive power being provided supply line is the most day by day
Increase.Meanwhile, reactive power increases makes the power factor of power system reduce, and this directly results in again the power attenuation in electrical network and increases
Greatly, the loss of voltage increases, and increases the capacity of electrical equipment, makes electrical network produce the problems such as fluctuation.Thus enterprise is either from saving
Cost, improves the quality of power supply and still all must take measures to carry out reactive-load compensation from the standpoint of the power supply capacity etc. of raising equipment.
Compensating of reactive power generally utilizes the method for shnt capacitor in electrical network to realize.In order to reach to make electric capacity when voltage zero-cross
Device puts into, and makes the purpose that capacitor excises when current over-zero, enters capacitor with existing combination switch in usual low-pressure system
Row switching.Bidirectional triode thyristor and the magnetic latching relay method in parallel that is desirable with realize low-power consumption, do not generate heat, the electricity of no-flashy-flow
The effect of container.Existing combination switch has a following shortcoming:
1 controllable silicon is especially sensitive to voltage change ratio, not strong to the ability to bear of overcurrent, is difficult to when current changing rate is the highest
Turn off, and very sensitive to heat and rush of current, once occur that dash current or voltage exceed its feasible value, will be immediately
Make its permanent damage.
The internal electric source of 2 existing combination switches is essentially all uses heavier transformator, and volume is big, and quality weight is unfavorable
In transport and install, especially in the Northeast in winter, temperature is the lowest, make existing combination switch in transportation, line
Road plate often ruptures, power pack can not normal power supply, product cisco unity malfunction.
The drive circuit of 3 magnetic latching relays is the most all to utilize photoelectrical coupler to coordinate other devices to use, and ratio is relatively decentralized, no
Utilize integrated, be unfavorable for the reduction of cost simultaneously.
Most of combination switch of 4 China is required for Configuration Control Unit and is operated.Wiring bothers, and installs complexity, for compensating
The little occasion of capacity requirement adds cost virtually.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for prior art exists controllable silicon especially sensitive to voltage change ratio, overcurrent is born energy
Power is strong, is difficult to when current changing rate is the highest turn off, and very sensitive to heat and rush of current, once occur dash current or
When person's voltage exceedes its feasible value, its permanent damage will be made immediately so that combination switch service life is short, easily go out therefore
Barrier, the problem that production cost is high, propose a kind of low-voltage intelligent synchro switch, and this switch is by operating passing zero module and control module
Cooperation, can be at zero crossing switched capacitor or ac power switch, it is achieved that capacitor voltage over zero put into, electric current
Zero crossing excises, no-flashy-flow during switching, do not rise electric arc, do not damage switch contact, volume is little, energy consumption is little, do not introduce temporarily
State and harmonic wave, it is possible to adapt to the harsh and unforgiving environments of various poles cold poles heat, and the occasion of various reactive capability demand, Ke Yishi can be met
Time demonstrate the power factor in system, active power, reactive power, current value, magnitude of voltage, 13 subharmonic value and each phase
The break-make information of electric capacity and and system in same category of device and background monitoring device talk.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of low-voltage intelligent synchro switch, the composition of this switch include control module, current detection module, voltage detection module,
Input module, operating passing zero module, communication module, power module and display module；Wherein, control module respectively with other seven
Individual module connects, and power module is connected with operating passing zero module, communication module and display module the most respectively；
Described control module includes single-chip microcomputer；
Described current detection module includes current transformer, sampling resistor, filter circuit and operational amplification circuit；Wherein, electricity
The primary side of current transformer is serially connected in low pressure 380V mains-power circuit, and secondary side is in parallel with sampling resistor；Sampling resistor and filtering
Circuit connected in series, is connected to operational amplification circuit after filter circuit, operational amplification circuit is connected with control module；
Described voltage detection module includes divider resistance, the second sampling resistor, the second filter circuit and the second operational amplification circuit；
Divider resistance one end is connected with low pressure 380V mains-power circuit, then the other end the most sequentially with the second sampling resistor, the second filtered electrical
Road and the second operational amplification circuit are connected in series, and the second operational amplification circuit is connected with control module；
The composition of described input module includes keyboard；
The composition of described operating passing zero module includes: integrated chip U2, integrated chip U1, magnetic latching relay K0,4
Resistance, inductance L0, electric capacity C0, rectifier bridge D1 and photoelectrical coupler U3；Wherein, integrated chip U2 and integrated chip U1
Series connection, the 10th of integrated chip U1 the, 12 pins be connected to the control coil two ends of magnetic latching relay K0, resistance R1 and electricity
After resistance R2 series connection, the switch contact with magnetic latching relay K0 is connected in parallel, and the two ends of two resistance are connected on magnetic respectively and keep continuing
The two ends of electrical equipment K0 contact, inductance L0 draws from the intermediate node of resistance R1 and resistance R2, electric capacity C0 and rectifier bridge D1
It is connected on after parallel connection between inductance L0 and lead-out terminal E0, after rectifier bridge D1 connects with current-limiting resistance R3 and photoelectrical coupler
Two terminals of U3 are connected, resistance R4 couple with two other terminal of photoelectrical coupler be followed by power supply VCC and ground GND
Between.
The composition of described communication module includes the submodule that two structures are identical and the most independent；Each submodule includes three light
Electric coupler, chip MAX485, transistor, resistance, inductance and Zener diode；As a example by one of them, control module
In one of single-chip microcomputer control pin the 2nd pin with photoelectrical coupler U6 after resistance R17 be connected, then the 3rd pin
2,3 pins through resistance R18 and chip MAX485 are connected；2nd pin of photoelectrical coupler U4 is through resistance R10
Being connected with the 1st pin RO of chip MAX485 afterwards, the data receiver pin RXD of the single-chip microcomputer in control module 1 passes through
After resistance R13, transistor Q1, the 3rd pin with photoelectrical coupler U4 is connected；The data of the single-chip microcomputer in control module 1
Send pin TXD to be connected through the 2nd pin of resistance R22 and photoelectrical coupler U5, the 3rd pin of photoelectrical coupler U5
After transistor Q2, the 4th pin DI with chip MAX485 is connected；Resistance R19, resistance R20, resistance R21 connect
Between power supply VCC and ground GND, the 6th of chip MAX485 the, 7 pins in parallel are at resistance R20 two ends, bi-directional voltage stabilizing
Pipe D2 is connected in parallel on resistance R20 two ends after inductance.
Described power module is reaction type Switching Power Supply.
Described display module includes liquid crystal display LCD and LED state display lamp.
The invention have the benefit that
Operating passing zero module 5 in the present invention when needs switching capacitance after zero cross detection circuit detects voltage zero-cross to control
Module 1 feeds back a signal.Control module sets certain time delay, it is ensured that magnetic latching relay zero crossing adhesive afterwards or
Person disconnects, and constantly measures the time needed for controlling magnetic latching relay adhesive and disconnecting.By analytical calculation, constantly
Above-mentioned delay time is modified, to guarantee that switch turns on and off at zero crossing.Because after switch Guan Bi, leading back
Electric current in road is simply by magnetic latching relay, and line impedance is the least, and therefore power consumption is the lowest.Again because switch is to lead
When voltage between circuit and electric capacity is zero, conducting, therefore no-flashy-flow in circuit, will not occur electric arc, and switch contact will not occur
Sintering.Simultaneously because this active device of bidirectional triode thyristor not having existing combination switch to use in main line, the most also will not give
Main circuit introduces transient state and harmonic wave, and it is especially sensitive to voltage change ratio to completely avoid the controllable silicon in existing combination switch,
Not strong to the ability to bear of overcurrent, it is difficult to when current changing rate is the highest turn off, and very sensitive to heat and rush of current, one
Denier occurs when dash current or voltage exceed its feasible value, will make the defects such as its permanent damage immediately.It addition, it is controlled
Silicon is expensive, and peripheral drive circuit is complicated, and its cost occupies the biggest proportion in existing combination switch manufactures and designs, by soft
The method that part controls is saved greatly reduces production cost undoubtedly.
In the present invention, the drive circuit to the magnetic latching relay in operating passing zero module is redesigned, and passes through 74HC04
With the integrated chip such as ULN2003 with the use of, effectively reduce wiring board area and the number of components and parts of design, reduce
Design cost, has saved substantial amounts of human resources in process of production.
Power module 7 in the present invention have employed the form of reaction type Switching Power Supply, solves existing combination switch in adverse circumstances
Middle transport and run troublesome shortcoming.And can easily power panel and the panel of existing combination switch be integrated in
On one block of plate, it is greatly reduced deisgn product volume, eliminates the transformator of heaviness, significantly reduce weight, reduce cost.
And showing that Electro Magnetic Compatibility is good by test, capacity of resisting disturbance is strong, adaptable to input power, nominal operation electricity
Pressure wide ranges, voltage stability is high, and output voltage ripple is little.
Middle controller module of the present invention has had been provided with the function of controller, when reactive compensation capacity demand be increased by system
Can be extended.Extension only has the product of operating passing zero module, with existing combination switch, it is necessary to Configuration Control Unit is compared
The motility that product uses is also improved while reducing customer using cost.And the equipment that the present invention proposes can be by display
Module 8 show in real time each phase voltage value in electrical network, current value, power factor, active power, reactive power, 13 subharmonic,
Each phase electric capacity duty etc..
The low-voltage intelligent synchro switch proposed in the present invention can also utilize communication module 6 to network with other products in system
Communication, the most standby, and use competition hosted pattern be controlled, when the equipment of hosted breaks down, at once by
Other escalates into main frame from machine, replaces the responsibility of original main frame, makes online miscellaneous equipment normally to work.And have overvoltage,
The function that under-voltage and power down protection data are not lost, but also can substantially increase with background monitoring software real-time communication be
The reliability of system.
Solve existing combination switch uses bidirectional triode thyristor easily to bring harmonic wave to electrical network, to overcurrent when carrying out operating passing zero
Ability to bear is not strong, is difficult to when current changing rate is the highest turn off, and very sensitive to heat and rush of current, impact once occurs
When electric current or voltage exceed its feasible value, the problems such as its permanent damage will be made immediately, and also to further drop
Low production cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of the low-voltage intelligent synchro switch of a kind of embodiment that Fig. 1 provides for the present invention.Wherein, 1-controls mould
Block, 2-current detection module, 3-voltage detection module, 4-input module, 5-operating passing zero module, 6-communication module, 7-power supply
Module, 8-display module.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the operating passing zero module 5 of embodiment 1.Wherein, U1 and U2 is that the integrated chip of two panels is for driving
Magnetic latching relay, D1, R3 and U3 constitute zero cross detection circuit.
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of a submodule in communication module 6, and wherein RXD is that single-chip data receives pin, TXD
Sending pin for single-chip data, VCC and VCC1 is+5V, but the power supply that two-way is mutually isolated.
Fig. 4 is background monitoring software system structure design drawing.
Fig. 5 is low-voltage intelligent synchro switch overall operation flow chart.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention detects the parameters such as the electric current of electrical network low-pressure side, voltage then by control with current detection module and voltage detection module
Molding block calculates, and each phase current values, magnitude of voltage, power factor, active power, reactive power, 13 subharmonic etc. are logical
Cross display module to show, realize man-machine interaction by input module and display module, and come electricity by operating passing zero module
Net carries out reactive power compensation.
The present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but they are not to impose any restrictions the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of low-voltage intelligent synchro switch of the present invention as it is shown in figure 1, specifically include that control module 1, current detection module 2,
Voltage detection module 3, input module 4, operating passing zero module 5, communication module 6, power module 7 and display module 8；Its
Middle control module 1 is connected with other seven modules respectively, power module 7 the most respectively with operating passing zero module 5, communication module 6
It is connected with display module 8；
Described control module 1 mainly includes single-chip microcomputer and peripheral circuit thereof, the different pins of single-chip microcomputer or the pin of expensive chip
It is connected with remaining 7 module.Described peripheral circuit is known technology, including minimum system, the JTAG program burn writing of single-chip microcomputer
The outside expansion equipment composition such as circuit.The single-chip microcomputer of the present embodiment is by the Microchip company development & production of the U.S.
DSPIC30F5011 single-chip microcomputer.
Described current detection module 2, for gathering the current signal of electrical network low-pressure side, specifically includes current transformer, sampling electricity
The circuit such as resistance, filter circuit and operational amplification circuit；Wherein, the primary side of current transformer is serially connected in low pressure 380V electrical network electricity
Lu Zhong, secondary side is in parallel with sampling resistor；Sampling resistor and filter circuit series connection, be connected to operation amplifier electricity after filter circuit
Road, after the current signal circuit filtering after filtering collected is processed by (filter circuit and operational amplification circuit composition modulate circuit)
The corresponding pin of single-chip microcomputer analog digital conversion of control module 1 it is ultimately transferred to again by the amplification of operational amplification circuit.
Described voltage detection module 3 for gathering the voltage signal of electrical network low-pressure side, its composition specifically include divider resistance, the
The circuit compositions such as two sampling resistors, the second filter circuit, the second operational amplification circuit；Divider resistance one end and low pressure 380V electricity
Net circuit connects, and then the other end is the most sequentially connected with the second sampling resistor, the second filter circuit and the second operational amplification circuit
Connect, the high voltage of external circuit is become after dividing potential drop, Filtering Processing small voltage signal finally by the second operation amplifier electricity
Road passes to the corresponding pin of single-chip microcomputer analog digital conversion in control module 1.
Described input module 4 is keyboard, is generally coordinated with display module 8 by control module 1 and realizes man-machine interaction, by with
Key-press input control model, the configuration parameter of CT no-load voltage ratio are passed through in family.
As shown in Figure 2, its composition includes described operating passing zero module 5: integrated chip U2, integrated chip U1, magnetic are protected
Hold 0,4 resistance of relay K, inductance L0, electric capacity C0, rectifier bridge D1 and photoelectrical coupler U3；Annexation is: collection
Become chip U2 connect with integrated chip U1, the 10th of integrated chip U1 the, 12 pins be connected on magnetic latching relay K0's respectively
Control coil two ends, after resistance R1 and resistance R2 series connection, the switch contact with magnetic latching relay K0 is connected in parallel, two
The two ends of resistance are connected on the two ends of magnetic latching relay K0 contact respectively, and inductance L0 is from resistance R1 and the middle node of resistance R2
Point is drawn, and is connected between inductance L0 and lead-out terminal E0, rectifier bridge D1 and current limliting after electric capacity C0 is in parallel with rectifier bridge D1
Resistance R3 is in parallel with the two of photoelectrical coupler U3 terminals after connecting, resistance R4 and two other terminal of photoelectrical coupler
Series connection is followed by between power supply VCC and ground GND.Its after the signal receiving control module 1, capacitor is carried out switching or
Alternating current circuit is carried out break-make control.Operating to of this module: by integrated chip U1 (ULN2003) and integrated chip
U2 (74HC04) etc. form drive circuit of magnetic latching relay, and magnetic latching relay K0 is connected in major loop, and magnetic keeps relay
The voltage at device K0 two ends filters through inductance coil L0 and electric capacity C0 after resistance R1 and resistance R2 dividing potential drop again, then
Again by voltage signal sends to after rectifier bridge D1 rectification photoelectrical coupler U3, the outfan at photoelectrical coupler U3 leads to
The pin of the single-chip microcomputer crossing resistance R4 and control module 1 coordinates the zero crossing that voltage can be detected.Control module 1 is by drawing
Foot P1.4, P1.5 respectively with the 9th of integrated chip U2,10 pins are connected and control operating passing zero module 5.
The composition of described communication module 6 includes the submodule that two 26S Proteasome Structure and Functions are the most identical and the most independent, be respectively intended to
Same category of device and background monitoring software communication.Each submodule (as shown in Figure 3), including three photoelectrical coupler PC817, cores
The device compositions such as sheet MAX485, transistor, resistance, inductance and Zener diode；As shown in Figure 3, in control module 1
One of single-chip microcomputer control pin the 2nd pin with photoelectrical coupler U6 after resistance R17 be connected, then the 3rd pin warp
2,3 pins crossing resistance R18 and chip MAX485 are connected, and control reception and the transmission of information.Photoelectrical coupler U4
The 2nd pin the 1st pin RO with chip MAX485 after resistance R10 be connected, the single-chip microcomputer in control module 1
Data receiver pin RXD the 3rd pin with photoelectrical coupler U4 after resistance R13, transistor Q1 is connected, this portion
Parallel circuit is used for receiving receipt.The data of the single-chip microcomputer in control module 1 send pin TXD through resistance R22 and light thermocouple
2nd pin of clutch U5 is connected, the 3rd pin of photoelectrical coupler U5 after transistor Q2 with the of chip MAX485
4 pin DI are connected, and this partial circuit is used for sending data.Resistance R19, resistance R20, resistance R21 are connected on power supply VCC
And between ground GND, and the 6th of chip MAX485 the, the 7th pins in parallel at resistance R20 two ends, bi-directional voltage stabilizing pipe D2
Being connected in parallel on resistance R20 two ends after inductance, its center line 485_A and 485_B respectively equipment is carried out with other equipment outside
Two holding wires during communication, photoelectrical coupler PC817 is mainly used to Phototube Coupling, improves the capacity of resisting disturbance of communication.This mould
Operating to of block: control module 1 coordinates photoelectrical coupler PC817 to be connected with chip MAX485, again by transistor and resistance
Carrying out combined network communication by chip MAX485 with other same categories of device in system or background devices, real-time transmission works each other
The information such as state, are relatively standby thus realize security of system stable operation.
The communication module of present invention design have employed Modbus communications protocol, and coupled daemon software is public based on Microsoft
The software of the Visual Basic6.0 Software Development Platform exploitation of department, as shown in Figure 4, those skilled in the art can for its structure chart
To realize according to its structure and content.Communication control module is mainly responsible for carrying out communication with low-voltage intelligent synchro switch, receives low pressure
The data that Intelligent Synchronous Switch sends over, and data reception come send data processing module to and process and store.
Input/output module is mainly used to user and system interacts, and is shown by screen and information is exported, and user can select display
Label in " real time data " carry out in display system various charge values at all low-voltage intelligent synchro switches and connected
The duty of capacitor, select " curvilinear trend figure " in label to show that each electricity is in the time range that client sets
Trend trend, select " contrast block diagram " in label to show the contrast of each charge value at each electric capacity, it is also possible to select mark
" remote control and regulation " in label controls the switching of each capacitor, and this process is to be sent to communication module by input/output module
Then instruction is communicated to each low-voltage intelligent synchro switch via communication control module.
Described power module 7 have employed the form of reaction type Switching Power Supply, mainly by electromagnetic compatibility filter circuit, prime protection
Circuit and rectifier circuit, passive clamping RCD circuit, high frequency transformer, control loop and outfan filter circuit etc. form；
Electromagnetic compatibility filter circuit, prime protection circuit and rectifier circuit are connected in parallel on external power source two ends, passive clamping RCD circuit with
It is connected in parallel on after high frequency transformer series connection between two outfans of rectifier bridge, controls loop and be connected to outfan and power management chip
Feedback pin between, power module 7 eventually through after outfan filter circuit give control module 1, operating passing zero module 5,
Communication module 6, display module 8 are powered, and this module can export two kinds of three-way powers of 5V/12V.
Power factor that described display module 8 is used in display system, current value, magnitude of voltage, active power, reactive power,
The information such as the on off operating mode of 13 subharmonic and each phase electric capacity, it is divided into again liquid crystal display LCD and LED state display lamp two
Part.
The low-voltage intelligent synchro switch that the present invention proposes carries out the mode of connection of reactive-load compensation in electrical network three-phase total compensation and single-phase point
Mend two kinds.According to shown in accompanying drawing 5, after the power-up, its operating procedure is as follows for low-voltage intelligent synchro switch:
(1) system initializes.Initialized work mainly has configuration control module 1 chips and related peripherals thereof etc.；
(2) read last time storage data, from the extension storage chip of control module 1, read the data of last time storage；
(3) enter the homepage of liquid crystal display, make status indicator lamp work；
(4) carry out data acquisition, constantly gather the electric current in electrical network by current detection module 2 and voltage detection module 3 and believe
Number and voltage signal；
(5) electrical network parameter calculates.The signal gathered in previous step is processed and calculates in electrical network by control module 1
Each phase current values, magnitude of voltage, power factor, active power, reactive power, 13 subharmonic value etc.；
(6) determine whether that button is pressed, if there being button to press entrance step (7), without then returning step (3)；
(7) by judge button enter various numerical value show, arrange, capacitance state display interface；
(8) judge it is manual or automatic.Control to capacitor switching has automatically and manually two kinds of operational modes, and user can be
Previous step is configured.Manual mode is mainly used in the field adjustable of equipment, is generally all operated in automatic mold after normal work
Under formula.If selecting manually, then manual switching electric capacity, it is then back to step (3), if selecting automatically, to enter step (9)；
(9) judge it is main frame or from machine.If be operated under Host Status, enter step (10), if be operated in from machine
State is put into step (16).Same category of device can be operated in again main frame and from machine two states after networking mutually, and system is random
Selected a certain equipment be operated in Host Status, miscellaneous equipment is then operated under slave status, when chosen main frame is because of certain
Reason break down out of service after, then randomly choose certain the equipment hosted again of additionally networking, the most standby,
Improve system reliability of operation.It is operated in and all accepts the control of background monitoring software under main frame and slave status and carry out electric capacity
Switching, and also by each phase voltage value at low-voltage intelligent synchro switch place, current value, power factor, active power,
Reactive power, 13 subharmonic value are sent to background monitoring software.Real-time for these information can be shown on screen by background monitoring software
Illustrate, it is possible to show, also according to the curvilinear motion figure of the above numerical value in the time needing to set user of user
The contrast block diagram of these values at different electric capacity can be shown.So be conducive to control centre that the ruuning situation of electrical network is entered
Row is analyzed and record, and as required low-voltage intelligent synchro switch can be carried out remote control and regulation and troubleshooting；
(10) check whether there is backstage switching signal.The capacitor switching signal sended over without background monitoring, then
It is put into step (11), is the most just directly entered step (17) and carries out capacitor switching；
(11) alarm signal has been detected whether, when faults such as the electric capacity generation overvoltage that equipment is connected, under-voltages, equipment
Alarm signal can be produced.If there being alarm signal to be so put into step (12), otherwise it is put into step (13)；
(12) excision capacitance signal is sent.When system has alarm signal, send the signal of the corresponding capacitor of excision, then enter
Enter step (17)；
(13) checked benefit or owed to mend.When Everything is fine, main frame can detect place network and be in overcompensation state still
Undercompensation state, if being in overcompensation state, enters step (14), if being in undercompensation state, enters step (15)；
(14) send the signal of excision one group capacitor, carry out capacitor switching subsequently into step (17)；
(15) send the signal of input one group capacitor, carry out capacitor switching subsequently into step (17)；
(16) check whether there is switching signal.The low-voltage intelligent synchro switch being operated under slave status will constantly detect independently
The capacitor switching signal that machine or background monitoring software are sent, enters step (17) and carries out capacitor switching when there being signal to transmit, no
Then it is directly entered step (18)；
(17) switching capacitance, enters step (18) after having carried out capacitor switching；
(18) send capacitor status and each information about power to backstage, be then back to step (3).Certainly, all of in control
In line with the principle of switching cycle during the capacitor switching of machine, make its working time close as far as possible.And the throwing of capacitor
Cut through journey to be completed by operating passing zero module 5 by control module 1, it is achieved thereby that electric capacity operating passing zero, nothing in circuit
Shoving, switch contact does not sinters, and ensure that the quality of power supply of electrical network.
In the design process by substantial amounts of test, count the average motion time of the magnetic latching relay of used model, make
Zero cross signal is fed back to needed for sending actual switching signal from zero cross detection circuit when carrying out switching first for operating passing zero unit
The initial value of delay time.During capacitor switching, by measuring every time, being issued to actual switch switching from switching signal completes institute
With the time, then by control module constantly revise from zero cross detection circuit feed back zero cross signal to sending actual switching
Delay time needed for signal, to ensure to be truly realized magnetic latching relay in actual use at expection zero crossing
Carry out switching.It is achieved thereby that the operating passing zero to electric capacity.
Because the frequency of linear power supply originally is that 50Hz ratio is relatively low, therefore volume of transformer is bigger, the heaviest, thus
The volume making product is big, often occurs making because of jolting the problem such as wiring board fracture of product in transportation.Therefore this
Devise specially in bright can in combination switch working environment the Switching Power Supply of reliable and stable work, carried out again setting to transformator
Meter, utilizes power management chip that the frequency of power supply is brought up to 65KHz, and (volume and weight is only to reduce the volume of transformator
The 20 of linear power supply～30%) volume and weight of whole equipment, the most just it is greatly reduced.Additionally compared with linear power supply, switch
The efficiency of power supply also substantially increases, and has brought up to 60～70%, and the anti-interference energy of himself from the 30～40% of linear power supply
Power is higher.
In order to reduce the design volume of product further so that it is the most integrated, on the premise of meeting EMC Requirements, this
Invention devises the drive circuit of magnetic latching relay.As in figure 2 it is shown, use U1 (ULN2003) and U2 (74HC04) and
Other components and parts carry out cooperation to drive magnetic latching relay.
The present invention utilizes the voltage and current that voltage detection module 2 and current detection module 3 are measured in electrical network, and through controlling
A series of computings of module also demonstrate the voltage of electrical network, electric current, power factor, active power, reactive power and 13 times in real time
Harmonic wave, and control operating passing zero module and realize the reactive power compensation of electrical network, from without reconnecting controller.Simultaneously in order to
Flexible adaptation various low capacity reactive-load compensation demand, is also provided with " one drag two " expanded function, and i.e. one present device also may be used
The low-voltage intelligent synchro switch of operating passing zero module is only had with extension two.Present device has all reserved extension in development process
Interface, is connected with expansion equipment by control signal wire.After connection, the simplification low-voltage intelligent only having operating passing zero module of extension is same
Step switch only need to access electrical network according to the requirement of compensation way and one piece of capacitor, and wiring is simple and convenient.
In order to improve the reliability of system, it is simple to equipment each to system is managed.The present invention have also been devised communication module.Respectively set
The running status at each equipment and electricity can be shown with real-time communication in system background between Bei and between each equipment and system background
Network parameters.Simultaneously on control strategy, have employed the mechanism of each equipment competition hosted, if in all multiple stage of a certain applied field
Low-voltage intelligent synchronizes combination switch and runs simultaneously, it will on startup random selected a certain as main frame, other equipment as from
Machine.From machine by host computer control, after selected main frame breaks down, other arbitrary main frame that is automatically converted at random from machine, mutually
Between the most standby, thus substantially increase the stability of system.
Described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments.Based on embodiments of the invention,
Other embodiments that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under not making creative work premise, broadly fall into present invention protection
Scope.
The results showed that the model machine of this device can pass through EMC test: the immunity experiment of static discharge, harsh grade is
4 grades；Surge (impact) immunity experiment: harsh grade is 4 grades；Clusters interference test, harsh grade is 4
Level.This result shows that the equipment that the present invention designs is showing through long operation test, each show value of this equipment and test
Standard instrument is consistent completely, can failure-free operation steady in a long-term.
Table 1 pilot project and experimental condition
In order to verify that power module that the present invention proposes reducing the various performances after cost, has done the every test described in table 1.
After off-test, equipment being carried out visual inspection, its non-corroding, crackle equivalent damage, electric component is without obvious displacement or comes off, real
Functional parameter test compound standard relevant regulations during testing.
In order to verify that the zero crossing switching to capacitor accomplished really by the low-voltage intelligent synchro switch that the present invention proposes, shove
Test, measures value of shoving about 1.2 times of load current values, does not has spark, do not play electric arc in switching process in process of the test,
Contact, without substantially damage, has reached Expected Results.
Unaccomplished matter of the present invention is known technology.
Claims (1)
1. a low-voltage intelligent synchro switch, is characterized by that the composition of this switch includes control module, current detection module, electricity
Pressure detection module, input module, operating passing zero module, communication module, power module and display module；Wherein, control module
Being connected with other seven modules respectively, power module is connected with operating passing zero module, communication module and display module the most respectively；
Described control module includes single-chip microcomputer；
The composition of described input module includes keyboard；
The composition of described operating passing zero module includes: integrated chip U2, integrated chip U1, magnetic latching relay K0,4
Resistance, inductance L0, electric capacity C0, rectifier bridge D1 and photoelectrical coupler U3；Wherein, integrated chip U2 and integrated chip U1
Series connection, the 10th of integrated chip U1 the, 12 pins be connected on the control coil two ends of magnetic latching relay K0, resistance R1 respectively
After connecting with resistance R2, the switch contact with magnetic latching relay K0 is connected in parallel, and the two ends of resistance R1 and resistance R2 are divided
Not being connected on the two ends of magnetic latching relay K0 contact, inductance L0 draws from the intermediate node of resistance R1 and resistance R2, electric capacity
Being connected between inductance L0 and lead-out terminal E0 after C0 is in parallel with rectifier bridge D1, rectifier bridge D1 connects with current-limiting resistance R3
Two terminals with photoelectrical coupler U3 are connected afterwards, and resistance R4 is followed by electricity with two other terminal series-shunt of photoelectrical coupler
Between source VCC and ground GND；
Described power module is inverse-excitation type switch power-supply；
Described display module includes liquid crystal display LCD and LED state display lamp；
Described current detection module includes current transformer, sampling resistor, filter circuit and operational amplification circuit；Wherein, electricity
The primary side of current transformer is serially connected in low pressure 380V mains-power circuit, and secondary side is in parallel with sampling resistor；Sampling resistor and filtering
Circuit connected in series, is connected to operational amplification circuit after filter circuit, operational amplification circuit is connected with control module；
Described voltage detection module includes divider resistance, the second sampling resistor, the second filter circuit and the second operational amplification circuit；
Divider resistance one end is connected with low pressure 380V mains-power circuit, then the other end the most sequentially with the second sampling resistor, the second filtered electrical
Road and the second operational amplification circuit are connected in series, and the second operational amplification circuit is connected with control module；
The composition of described communication module includes the submodule that two structures are identical and the most independent；Each submodule includes again three
Photoelectrical coupler, chip MAX485, transistor, resistance, inductance and Zener diode；Wherein, the monolithic in control module
One of machine controls the pin the 2nd pin with photoelectrical coupler U6 after resistance R17 and is connected, and then the 3rd pin is through resistance
2,3 pins of R18 and chip MAX485 are connected；2nd pin of photoelectrical coupler U4 after resistance R10 with chip
The 1st pin RO of MAX485 is connected, and the data receiver pin RXD of the single-chip microcomputer in control module is through resistance R13, crystalline substance
After body pipe Q1, the 3rd pin with photoelectrical coupler U4 is connected；The data of the single-chip microcomputer in control module send pin TXD
The 2nd pin through resistance R22 and photoelectrical coupler U5 is connected, and the 3rd pin of photoelectrical coupler U5 is through transistor Q2
It is connected with the 4th pin DI of chip MAX485 afterwards；Resistance R19, resistance R20, resistance R21 be connected on power supply VCC and
Ground GND between, the 6th of chip MAX485 the, the 7th pins in parallel at resistance R20 two ends, bi-directional voltage stabilizing pipe D2 through electricity
Resistance R20 two ends it are connected in parallel on after sense.
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| CN201510165532.5A CN104836239B (en) | 2015-04-09 | 2015-04-09 | Low-voltage intelligent synchro switch |
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| CN201510165532.5A CN104836239B (en) | 2015-04-09 | 2015-04-09 | Low-voltage intelligent synchro switch |
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| CN104836239B true CN104836239B (en) | 2016-10-26 |
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| CN106680704B (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2019-06-25 | 中国计量大学 | Combination switch and its operating passing zero control and itself switching fault judgment method |
| CN107492897B (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2020-10-02 | 浙江华云信息科技有限公司 | Synchronous switch action delay tracking system for intelligent capacitor and working method |
| CN110769551B (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-10-08 | 连云港杰瑞自动化有限公司 | Active light source control circuit for explosion-proof occasion |
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| CN203774799U (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2014-08-13 | 南通能达电力科技有限公司 | Reactive compensation composite switch |
| CN204118745U (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2015-01-21 | 上海致维电气有限公司 | Synchro switch and reactive compensation system |
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| JP3318509B2 (en) * | 1997-05-20 | 2002-08-26 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Static var compensator |
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| CN203617719U (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-05-28 | 广州汇隽电力工程设计有限公司 | Electromagnetic zero-crossing switching low-voltage composite switch-based low-voltage power capacitor |
| CN203774799U (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2014-08-13 | 南通能达电力科技有限公司 | Reactive compensation composite switch |
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