CN104831081A - Electroslag smelting method - Google Patents
Electroslag smelting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104831081A CN104831081A CN201510273296.9A CN201510273296A CN104831081A CN 104831081 A CN104831081 A CN 104831081A CN 201510273296 A CN201510273296 A CN 201510273296A CN 104831081 A CN104831081 A CN 104831081A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electroslag smelting method. The electroslag smelting method is characterized in that two electrode devices are arranged beside a crystallizer and used for smelting in the crystallizer by turns, an electrode is installed on one electrode device and preheated when the other electrode device is used for smelting, an electrode of the electrode device used for smelting is moved away after smelting is completed, the preheated electrode is moved into the crystallizer for smelting after slag is fed again and the crystallizer is arranged well, and the process is repeated so as to achieve high-efficiency electroslag smelting. The electroslag smelting method has the advantages of high smelting efficiency and safety, excellent smelting effect, high efficiency, energy conservation, higher electroslag steel ingot smelting quality, great convenience in maintenance and replacement of the bottom water tank, lower maintenance cost and higher cooling efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electroslag furnace smelting technology, particularly relate to a kind of electroslag smelting method.
Background technology
Electroslag smelting stove is a kind of equipment of electric slag refusion and smelting.Its structure of electroslag smelting stove mainly comprises the crystallizer of entirety in oven-like, is positioned at the electrode device of crystallizer side, wherein crystallizer lower end is provided with the end water tank of cooling, electrode device comprises pillar, on pillar, movable sleeve is provided with transverse arm, transverse arm is just being installed crystallizer and is extending down into the electrode of crystallizer, electrode comprise epimere for the fixed part that is connected with transverse arm and hypomere for smelting time be dissolved into Smelting Part in electroslag; Also comprise for controlling hoisting appliance that transverse arm is elevated along pillar and for controlling the rotating mechanism that transverse arm rotates around column axle center.
Arrange above water mold in electroslag smelting process and fill the slag bath treating melting, adopt terminal clamp to clamp cylindrical electrode, and allow electrode, slag bath, metal pool, steel ingot, end water tank can form current circuit by short net wire and transformer.When carrying out electroslag smelting, first this electrode is inserted in slag away from the end of electroslag smelting terminal clamp, be energized to electrode subsequently, in galvanization, electrode and slag bath release joule heating, by the scraps fusing in slag bath, molten metal pools liquid state, through slag bath, falls into crystallizer and forms metal pool, and simultaneously by water-cooled effect, quick solidification forms steel ingot.Before ingot solidification, the metal pool above it and slag bath, play insulation and feeding effect, ensures the compactness of steel ingot.In smelting process, crystallizer inwall is formed with the thin skull of one deck, not only makes surface of steel ingot bright and clean, also play insulation and heat-blocking action, more heat lower portion is conducted, is conducive to steel ingot crystallographic orientation from bottom to top.Based on above reason, the ingot quality produced by electroslag smelting is good, performance is excellent, and the plasticity under the low temperature of steel alloy, room temperature and high temperature and impelling strength strengthen, and steel extend work-ing life, therefore electroslag smelting technique is extensively promoted the use of in the industry.
But this existing electroslag smelting stove, there is following defect: 1, electroslag smelting is generally the process that batch is smelted, but existing electroslag smelting stove, during single cover system work, need consuming time except smelting process, electroslag before smelting loads, and electrode clamping preparation etc. all needs consuming time, makes overall production efficiency of smelting comparatively low.2, in smelting process, electrode to insert after electroslag energising again and heats, and electrode blank alternately exists the problems such as the huge temperature difference between stylish blank and molten bath, after new electrode just enters molten bath if do not processed may there is bursting or falling the phenomenon of block due to steep temperature rise in blank termination; Fall into below crystallizer and melt molten steel, gently then affect production, produce to electroslag smelting and bring operation dangerous.More serious impact is after new electrode blank enters molten bath, because blank termination and molten bath excessive temperature differentials inevitably cause bath temperature in crystallizer suddenly to reduce, breaks normal smelting environment.Thus make ESR ingot occur strangling shell, slag runner, composition inequality, containing the mass defects such as assorted, have a strong impact on electroslag ingot smelting quality.3, in addition, also there is the defect that dismounting inconvenience is unfavorable for keeping in repair in the end cisten mechanism of existing crystallizer.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, technical problem to be solved by this invention is: how to provide a kind of electroslag smelting method that efficiency is high, make it have safety, energy-efficient advantage, under not increasing electrode blank alt time prerequisite, when can reduce and avoid electroslag smelting process electrode blank to replace, the temperature difference be on smelting the destruction of environment and impact, raising electroslag ingot smelting quality.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, present invention employs following technical scheme:
A kind of electroslag smelting method, it is characterized in that, at a crystallizer other layout two cover electrode devicies, then crystallizer is used to smelt in turn two cover electrode devicies, in an electrode device smelting process, another electrode device performs installing electrodes and electrode is carried out to the work of preheating, smelt complete when smelting the electrode device used and remove electrode, again to feed in raw material and after arranging crystallizer, be moved in crystallizer by preheated electrode and smelt, so circulation realizes high-level efficiency electroslag smelting.
So just dramatically saves on tap to tap time, improve efficiency.Meanwhile, through thermal pretreatment during Electrode, after can preventing metal electrode from entering slag, electrode blank termination steep temperature rise and occur the phenomenon bursting or fall block; Also, after can preventing electrode blank from entering molten bath, ESR ingot is made to occur strangling shell, slag runner, composition inequality, containing the mass defects such as assorted because bath temperature rapid drawdown is low.Simultaneously because two cover electrode devicies are the smeltings that circulate in turn, therefore can not lower efficiency because of preheating Occupation time, therefore improve security and metallurgical effect
Aforesaid method preferably adopts following electroslag smelting electric furnace system to carry out, described electroslag smelting electric furnace system, comprise the overall crystallizer in oven-like, be positioned at the electrode device of crystallizer side, wherein crystallizer lower end is provided with the end water tank of cooling, electrode device comprises pillar, on pillar, movable sleeve is provided with transverse arm, transverse arm just installs to crystallizer the electrode extending down into crystallizer, electrode comprise epimere for the fixed part that is connected with transverse arm and hypomere for smelting time be dissolved into Smelting Part in electroslag, electrode device also comprises for controlling hoisting appliance that transverse arm is elevated along pillar and for controlling the rotating mechanism that transverse arm rotates around column axle center, wherein, described electrode device is two covers and correspondence is arranged on crystallizer both sides, also comprise electrode preheat device, electrode preheat device have one vertically arrange and upper end open can the heated chamber that inserts of power pole lower end, also there is the heating unit that can be used in the heated by electrodes inserted, described electrode preheat device is one, and in described two cover electrode devicies, the rotate path place circle of two electrodes on respective transverse arm has two crossing intersection points, and described crystallizer and electrode preheat device are arranged in two position of intersecting point separately.
Like this, two cover electrode devicies same crystallizer is altogether provided with in the present invention, be provided with electrode preheat device simultaneously, preheating is carried out to mounted electrode, under the induction of coil higher frequency electromagnetic field, stretch into the electrode blank termination fast heating of burner hearth, quick heating, calorific loss is little, and temperature homogeneity is high.When smelting, the Electrode used is complete and remove, and again feeds in raw material and after arranging crystallizer, preheated electrode can be moved in crystallizer and smelt.Circulation like this.Both save the time, improve efficiency.The layout simultaneously adopted, makes two electrodes can share an electrode preheat device, utilizes layout structure to save equipment cost dexterously.
As optimization, described electrode preheat device comprises housing, enclosure interior be provided with refractory insulating material and middle part formed heated chamber, be embedded with in described refractory insulating material around heated chamber lift spiral arrange ruhmkorff coil formed heating unit.
Like this, refractory insulating material can thermal insulation and insulation, forms good protective layer, increases the service life.Heating unit adopts the non-contact thermal of ruhmkorff coil, under the induction of coil higher frequency electromagnetic field, make the electrode blank termination fast heating stretching into heated chamber, quick heating, calorific loss is little, temperature homogeneity is high, good heats and efficiency can be had, ruhmkorff coil is laid in fireproof high-temperature resistant insulating material protective layer and avoids and electrode contact simultaneously, in case the improper damage ruhmkorff coil of actually operating, as use in electrode blank termination clamping not just or telescopic location improper, make it collide with induction coil or contact dozen arc to damage the problems such as ruhmkorff coil, solve the security hidden trouble existed in its technology.It can not need to change by life-time service, and long service life is safe, efficient, energy-conservation.
Further, ruhmkorff coil inner hollow forms coil cooling-water duct, housing side is also provided with the coil entrance of cooling water and coil cooling water outlet connected with the two ends of coil cooling-water duct short transverse.
Like this, coil adopts water quench, prevents coil own temperature too high, improves coil protect effect, increase the service life.Coil cooling-water duct can also be connected in the cooling recirculation system of water tank at the bottom of crystallizer, does not increase extra cooling infrastructure cost.
As optimization, be also provided with shielding gas passage in described housing, the inner air outlet of shielding gas passage is positioned at bottom heated chamber, and outer end inlet mouth is used for external protection source of the gas.
Like this, during preheating, can protection of inert gas be provided, the oxidative phenomena avoiding electrode blank termination to exist in warm, prevent the scaling loss of active element, prevent the oxygen level in steel from increasing, ensure metallurgical effect.
Further, described shielding gas passage is the annular channel structure arranged higher than heated chamber inner bottom surface, and described air outlet is equally distributed multiple and be circumferentially communicated to obliquely bottom heated chamber along identical vergence direction around circular channel circumference.
Like this, after production well can be made to give vent to anger, from the upwards annularly flow of side-lower in protector, better the air in script furnace chamber can be squeezed furnace chamber internal space, improve protected effect,
As optimization, described housing entirety is in drum-shaped, and heated chamber is the cylindrical of coaxial setting, and case top lid establishes the cap being fixed with coupling, be provided with the via hole coaxial with heated chamber in the middle part of cap, via diameter is greater than electrode external diameter and is less than heated chamber diameter.
Like this; housing and heated chamber cross section are circle; the device space can be saved; improve heating efficiency; the cap arranged can limit the position that electrode inserts, and prevents electrode and heated chamber contact internal walls and produces destruction, and can to limit shielding gas excessive for cap simultaneously; improve gas shield effect, improve electrode protection effect.In addition, cap is that detachable lid is established and is fixedly installed, and can facilitate installation setting and the repair and maintenance of housing interior structure.
As optimization, be positioned at ruhmkorff coil top position and be also provided with temperature sensor in described heated chamber, temperature sensor is non-contact temperature sensor and is connected with a warning howler be positioned at outside housing.
Like this, can the termination preheating of Measurement accuracy electrode blank time actual temperature.Thus make the pre-heat effect that electrode blank termination reaches very good.When temperature overheating being detected, can be given the alarm by warning howler, it is overheated to prevent, and improves electrode protection effect.Adopt non-contact temperature sensor avoid with electrode contact and cause destroy, warning howler can adopt hummer or warning lamp.
As optimization, described housing bottom is also provided with water coolant chamber, and water coolant chamber side is provided with inlet channel, and opposite side is provided with outlet conduit.Like this, water coolant chamber can cooling protection electrode preheat device further, the extension fixture life-span.
As optimization, the end cisten mechanism of crystallizer lower end, comprise casing, body side connection is provided with water inlet pipe and rising pipe, casing upper end open and be formed with the end water tank panel of rectangle frame plate structure to surrounding horizontal-extending at opening part, end water tank panel upper surface correspondence is equipped with the rubber gasket of rectangle frame plate structure, covers again and be provided with flat copper coin above rubber gasket; Also be provided with above copper coin and be fixed mechanism for realizing being fixed copper coin and rubber gasket, the described mechanism that is fixed comprises a compression web member, compress web member lower end to be connected with casing and load, compress the mounting plate that corresponding rubber gasket top position, web member upper end has the horizontal rectangular skeleton construction of a coupling, on mounting plate, corresponding rubber gasket is vertically provided with a circle threaded hole, in threaded hole under be connected with push bolt, push bolt lower end is connected to copper coin upper surface and realizes being fixed copper coin and rubber gasket.
Like this, adopt and be fixed mechanism from top realization being fixed copper coin, realize fixing frame mode with existing employing tightening screw through copper coin, rubber gasket and end water tank panel to compare, can not produce because bolt is through the problem causing after Mnltilayered structures distortion being difficult to dismantle, be easy to remove and repair.Copper coin surface is without the need to arranging the bolt hole of too much high-precision requirement simultaneously, and reduce requirement component being arranged to precision, copper coin is after whole plate structure, not only accuracy requirement reduces, and self non-deformability increases, during repair and replacement, copper coin can realize turning over conversion surface continuation use, reduces cost.Be fixed mechanism when using, only need rotatably compress bolt and its lower surface and copper coin be pushed against can realize being fixed, there is structure simple, advantage convenient to use.During concrete enforcement, compress the threaded hole uniform intervals arrangement separately of four sides on web member mounting plate, convenient compression force balance.During concrete enforcement, the screw thread of threaded hole and push bolt preferably adopts closely-pitched to design, and improves load effect.
As optimization, described mounting plate two ends are folded to extend internally and form articulated end and form described compression web member after downward-extension, and articulated end is used for and water tank panel lower surface mounting in the end coordinates fixing.Like this, compress web member from as independent dismountable structure formation, facilitate self repair and maintenance and replacing.
As optimization, the push bolt above described mounting plate is also arranged with a set nut.Like this, after push bolt is fixed, set nut can be leaned on locked for push bolt fixing, can prevent water tank copper coin inequality of being in use heated from causing push bolt to loosen further.
As optimization, between described push bolt lower end head and copper coin upper surface, be provided with the insulating mat of hard.Like this, can prevent when ensureing snap-in force the end water tank from use producing with push bolt end further and beat arc, and damage box-like body compressing structure part upper screwed hole tooth line, increase the service life.During concrete enforcement, insulating mat can directly be bonded and fixed on push bolt lower surface, easy to use.
As optimization, water tank panel of the described end, rubber gasket and copper coin phase the same side are symmetrically arranged with two groups of vertically through pilot holes near side edge along this side midperpendicular, are combined with pilot pin (realizing the location to three) in pilot hole.Like this, during installation, first can lean on the location that pilot hole and pilot pin realize end water tank panel, rubber gasket and copper coin three, and then the pressured mechanism that fastens realizes being fixed.Make its convenient assembling.Pilot hole is symmetrically arranged two groups, and after facilitating copper coin turn-over, secondary uses.
Like this, technique scheme, the two-sided utilization of pros and cons of end water tank consumable accessory copper coin can be realized, improve the utilization ratio of copper coin, compare traditional copper coin periphery design structure of processing mating holes of having an appointment more than 30 and greatly reduce requirement on machining accuracy and the process period of copper coin, the tension-type fastening structure of the novel relative conventional water tank of bolt presses fastening structure greatly facilitates the replacement operation of end water tank copper coin especially.
Compared with the existing technology comparatively, the present invention is simple and reasonable, safe and reliable, solves the corresponding problem existed in prior art.Reaching under water tank coolant seal at the bottom of traditional esr and conductive effect, achieve the two-sided utilization of pros and cons of end water tank consumable accessory copper coin, greatly improve the utilization ratio of copper coin, and greatly reduce requirement on machining accuracy and the process period of copper coin, the tension-type fastening structure of the novel relative conventional water tank of bolt presses fastening structure greatly facilitates the replacement operation of end water tank copper coin especially, make it safeguard more simple and fast, decrease the impact on the production time.The present invention has larger economic worth and social value, is specially adapted to extensively promote the use of in electroslag smelting industry.
In sum, the present invention has preheat function, and efficiency is high, and security is good, and metallurgical effect is excellent, has safety, energy-efficient advantage, improves electroslag ingot smelting quality; The very convenient maintain and replace of end water tank, reduces maintenance cost, improves cooling efficiency simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the electroslag smelting electric furnace system adopted in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of single electrode primary heater unit in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the schematic layout pattern of the electroslag smelting electric furnace system adopted in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the end water tank of crystallizer in the electroslag smelting electric furnace system of specific embodiment of the invention employing.
Fig. 5 is the structural blast schematic diagram of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of independent casing part in Fig. 4.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with optimum embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof, the present invention is described in further detail.
This electroslag smelting method, its main points are, at a crystallizer other layout two cover electrode devicies, then use crystallizer to smelt in turn two cover electrode devicies, in an electrode device smelting process, another electrode device performs installing electrodes and electrode is carried out to the work of preheating, smelt complete when smelting the electrode device used and remove electrode, again feed in raw material and after arranging crystallizer, be moved in crystallizer by preheated electrode and smelt, so circulation realizes high-level efficiency electroslag smelting.
Specifically, in present embodiment, need to adopt a kind of electroslag smelting electric furnace system as Figure 1-3 to realize, this system comprises the overall crystallizer 1 ' in oven-like, be positioned at the electrode device of crystallizer 1 ' side, wherein crystallizer 1 ' lower end is provided with the end water tank of cooling, electrode device comprises pillar 2 ', on pillar, movable sleeve is provided with transverse arm 3 ', transverse arm 3 ' just installs to crystallizer the electrode 4 ' extending down into crystallizer, electrode 4 ' comprise epimere for the fixed part that is connected with transverse arm and hypomere for smelting time be dissolved into Smelting Part in electroslag, electrode device also comprises for controlling hoisting appliance that transverse arm is elevated along pillar and for controlling the rotating mechanism that transverse arm rotates around column axle center, wherein, described electrode device is two covers and correspondence is arranged on crystallizer 1 ' both sides, also comprise electrode preheat device, electrode preheat device have one vertically arrange and upper end open can the heated chamber that inserts of power pole lower end, also there is the heating unit that can be used in the heated by electrodes inserted.
Be provided with two cover electrode devicies same crystallizer altogether like this, be provided with electrode preheat device simultaneously, like this when a set of electrode device is when smelting use, another set of electrode device not only can carry out the work such as installing electrodes, can also be inserted in electrode preheat device by mounted electrode, preheating is carried out to mounted electrode, under the induction of coil higher frequency electromagnetic field, stretch into the electrode blank termination fast heating of burner hearth, quick heating, calorific loss is little, and temperature homogeneity is high.When smelting, the Electrode used is complete and remove, and again feeds in raw material and after arranging crystallizer, preheated electrode can be moved in crystallizer and smelt.Circulation like this.Both saved the time, improve efficiency, simultaneously before metal electrode blank carries out remelting, preheating was carried out to electrode blank termination, after can preventing metal electrode from entering slag, electrode blank termination steep temperature rise and occur the phenomenon bursting or fall block; Also, after can preventing electrode blank from entering molten bath, ESR ingot is made to occur strangling shell, slag runner, composition inequality, containing the mass defects such as assorted because bath temperature rapid drawdown is low.Therefore improve security and metallurgical effect.
Wherein, hoisting appliance comprises a leading screw 5 ' vertically installed side by side with column, and transverse arm 3 ' one end is fixedly installed the nut be engaged on leading screw 5 ', and leading screw 5 ' lower end is connected with a lifting motor 6 ' and can leans on its driven rotary; Described column 2 ' comprises column shell and column inner core, column inner core is fixed on ground, column shell rotatably coaxial sleeve is located at outside column inner core, column shell lower end is fixedly connected with a base plate 19 ', described lifting motor 6 ' is all relative with leading screw 5 ' to be fixedly mounted on base plate 19 ', also be provided with rotating machine 7 ' be connected with column shell form rotating mechanism, rotating machine 7 ' can drive column shell to rotate around column inner core.This spline structure is simple, and controls all fast very convenient to the lifting of transverse arm and rotating.
Wherein, described electrode preheat device is one, and in described two cover electrode devicies, the rotate path place circle of two electrodes on respective transverse arm has two crossing intersection points, and described crystallizer 1 ' and electrode preheat device are arranged in two position of intersecting point separately.After such layout, two electrodes can share an electrode preheat device, utilize layout structure to save equipment cost dexterously.
Wherein, described electrode preheat device comprises housing 8 ', housing 8 ' inside be provided with refractory insulating material 9 ' and middle part formed heated chamber, be embedded with in described refractory insulating material 9 ' around heated chamber lift spiral arrange ruhmkorff coil 10 ' formed heating unit.
Like this, refractory insulating material can thermal insulation and insulation, forms good protective layer, increases the service life.Heating unit adopts the non-contact thermal of ruhmkorff coil, under the induction of coil higher frequency electromagnetic field, make the electrode blank termination fast heating stretching into heated chamber, quick heating, calorific loss is little, temperature homogeneity is high, good heats and efficiency can be had, ruhmkorff coil is laid in fireproof high-temperature resistant insulating material protective layer and avoids and electrode contact simultaneously, in case the improper damage ruhmkorff coil of actually operating, as use in electrode blank termination clamping not just or telescopic location improper, make it collide with induction coil or contact dozen arc to damage the problems such as ruhmkorff coil, solve the security hidden trouble existed in its technology.It can not need to change by life-time service, and long service life is safe, efficient, energy-conservation.
Wherein, ruhmkorff coil 10 ' inner hollow forms coil cooling-water duct, housing 8 ' side is also provided with the coil entrance of cooling water 11 ' and coil cooling water outlet 12 ' connected with the two ends of coil cooling-water duct short transverse.Like this, coil adopts water quench, prevents coil own temperature too high, improves coil protect effect, increase the service life.Coil cooling-water duct can also be connected in the cooling recirculation system of water tank at the bottom of crystallizer, does not increase extra cooling infrastructure cost.
Wherein, be also provided with shielding gas passage 13 ' in described housing, the inner air outlet of shielding gas passage 13 ' is positioned at bottom heated chamber, and outer end inlet mouth is used for external protection source of the gas.Like this, during preheating, can protection of inert gas be provided, the oxidative phenomena avoiding electrode blank termination to exist in warm, prevent the scaling loss of active element, prevent the oxygen level in steel from increasing, ensure metallurgical effect.
Wherein, described shielding gas passage 13 ' is the annular channel structure arranged higher than heated chamber inner bottom surface, and described air outlet is equally distributed multiple and be circumferentially communicated to obliquely bottom heated chamber along identical vergence direction around circular channel circumference.Like this, after production well can be made to give vent to anger, from the upwards annularly flow of side-lower in protector, better the air in script furnace chamber can be squeezed furnace chamber internal space, improve protected effect,
Wherein, described housing 8 ' entirety is in drum-shaped, and heated chamber is the cylindrical of coaxial setting, and case top lid establishes the cap 14 ' being fixed with coupling, cap 14 ' middle part is provided with the via hole coaxial with heated chamber, and via diameter is greater than electrode external diameter and is less than heated chamber diameter.Like this; housing and heated chamber cross section are circle; the device space can be saved; improve heating efficiency; the cap arranged can limit the position that electrode inserts, and prevents electrode and heated chamber contact internal walls and produces destruction, and can to limit shielding gas excessive for cap simultaneously; improve gas shield effect, improve electrode protection effect.In addition, cap is that detachable lid is established and is fixedly installed, and can facilitate installation setting and the repair and maintenance of housing interior structure.
Wherein, be positioned at ruhmkorff coil top position and be also provided with temperature sensor 15 ' in described heated chamber, temperature sensor 15 ' is for non-contact temperature sensor and be connected with a warning howler be positioned at outside housing.Like this, can the termination preheating of Measurement accuracy electrode blank time actual temperature.Thus make the pre-heat effect that electrode blank termination reaches very good.When temperature overheating being detected, can be given the alarm by warning howler, it is overheated to prevent, and improves electrode protection effect.Adopt non-contact temperature sensor avoid with electrode contact and cause destroy, warning howler can adopt hummer or warning lamp.
Wherein, described housing 8 ' bottom is also provided with water coolant chamber 16 ', and water coolant chamber 16 ' side is provided with inlet channel 17 ', and opposite side is provided with outlet conduit 18 '.Like this, water coolant chamber can cooling protection electrode preheat device further, the extension fixture life-span.Water coolant chamber also can be connected in the cooling recirculation system of water tank at the bottom of crystallizer, does not increase extra cooling infrastructure cost.
In this embodiment, the end cisten mechanism of crystallizer as Figure 4-Figure 6, comprise casing 2, the connection of casing 2 side is provided with water inlet pipe 4 and rising pipe 5, casing 2 upper end open and be formed with the end water tank panel 8 of rectangle frame plate structure to surrounding horizontal-extending at opening part, end water tank panel 8 upper surface correspondence is equipped with the rubber gasket 6 of rectangle frame plate structure, covers again and be provided with flat copper coin 3 above rubber gasket 6; Wherein, casing 2 inside is also provided with water coolant flow-guiding structure for making the eddying flow of water coolant formation from casing center to surrounding, water coolant flow-guiding structure comprises and is positioned at casing inner bottom surface and vertically arranges and spiral spiral deflector 9, leave the space for current flowing above spiral deflector 9 upper surface and casing between copper coin lower surface, spiral deflector 9 is centrally located at casing 2 inner bottom surface medium position and water inlet pipe end extends to spiral deflector central position.
Like this, spiral deflector can guide current to be formed in the middle part of water tank to the helicoidal flow of both sides well, current water inlet and flow direction and copper coin produce thermal temperature Region Matching, produce heat transfer effect better, improve water tank cooling efficiency and cooling uniformity coefficient, prevent copper coin to be heated inequality and being out of shape better.
Wherein, described spiral deflector 9 sidewall is fixedly installed water eliminator 10 along self extending spirally direction uniform intervals, water eliminator 10 upper end is obliquely installed to flow reversal direction, water eliminator side is fixed on spiral deflector 9, leaves the space for water flow between opposite side and the spiral deflector of correspondence.Such water eliminator can cause stream and formed local vortex, improve heat exchanger effectiveness better.During concrete enforcement, spiral deflector and water eliminator are stainless steel and obtain, and on the one hand can prevent corrosion, generate incrustation scale, also can extend water tank work-ing life.
Wherein, be also provided with above copper coin 3 and be fixed mechanism for realizing being fixed copper coin and rubber gasket.
Like this, adopt and be fixed mechanism from top realization being fixed copper coin, realize fixing frame mode with existing employing tightening screw through copper coin, rubber gasket and end water tank panel to compare, can not produce because bolt is through the problem causing after Mnltilayered structures distortion being difficult to dismantle, be easy to remove and repair.Copper coin surface is without the need to arranging the bolt hole of too much high-precision requirement simultaneously, and reduce requirement component being arranged to precision, copper coin is after whole plate structure, not only accuracy requirement reduces, and self non-deformability increases, during repair and replacement, copper coin can realize turning over conversion surface continuation use, reduces cost.
Wherein, the described mechanism that is fixed comprises a compression web member 1, compress web member 1 lower end to be connected with casing 2 and load, compress the mounting plate that corresponding rubber gasket 6 top position, web member 1 upper end has the horizontal rectangular skeleton construction of a coupling, on mounting plate, corresponding rubber gasket is vertically provided with a circle threaded hole 7, in threaded hole under be connected with push bolt 13, push bolt 13 lower end is connected to copper coin 3 upper surface and realizes being fixed copper coin 3 and rubber gasket 6.
Like this, during use, only need rotatably compress bolt and its lower surface and copper coin be pushed against can realize being fixed, there is structure simple, advantage convenient to use.During concrete enforcement, compress the threaded hole uniform intervals arrangement separately of four sides on web member mounting plate, convenient compression force balance.During concrete enforcement, the screw thread of threaded hole and push bolt preferably adopts closely-pitched to design, and improves load effect.
Wherein, described mounting plate two ends are folded to extend internally and form articulated end and form described compression web member 1 after downward-extension, and articulated end is used for and water tank panel lower surface mounting in the end coordinates fixing.Like this, compress web member from as independent dismountable structure formation, facilitate self repair and maintenance and replacing.
Wherein, the push bolt 13 above described mounting plate is also arranged with a set nut (not shown).Like this, after push bolt is fixed, set nut can be leaned on locked for push bolt fixing, can prevent water tank copper coin inequality of being in use heated from causing push bolt to loosen further.
Wherein, the insulating mat of hard is provided with between described push bolt 13 lower end head and copper coin 3 upper surface.Like this, can prevent when ensureing snap-in force the end water tank from use producing with push bolt end further and beat arc, and damage box-like body compressing structure part upper screwed hole tooth line, increase the service life.During concrete enforcement, insulating mat can directly be bonded and fixed on push bolt lower surface, easy to use.
Wherein, water tank panel of the described end, rubber gasket and copper coin phase the same side are symmetrically arranged with two groups of vertically through pilot holes 14 near side edge along this side midperpendicular, are combined with the location (not shown) that pilot pin realizes three in pilot hole.Like this, during installation, first can lean on the location that pilot hole and pilot pin realize end water tank panel, rubber gasket and copper coin three, and then the pressured mechanism that fastens realizes being fixed.Make its convenient assembling.Pilot hole is symmetrically arranged two groups, and after facilitating copper coin turn-over, secondary uses.
During concrete enforcement, can also improve further on the basis of the above, such as a temperature sensor be connected with warning device signal can be set in water tank of the described end, like this, after end water tank temperature of cooling water is abnormal, or water tank copper coin use in beat arc thinning cause coolant water temperature local rapid abnormal change time, temperature sensor detects that signal transmission can be reported to the police to warning device by temperature variation in time.To avoid better being caused industrial accident and loss by arcing over copper coin, promote safe reliability further.
Compared with the existing technology comparatively, bottom water tank for electric slag resmelting of the present invention, simple and reasonable, safe and reliable, solve the corresponding problem existed in prior art.Reaching in water tank coolant seal at the bottom of traditional esr and conductive effect situation, achieve the two-sided utilization of pros and cons of end water tank consumable accessory copper coin, greatly improve the utilization ratio of copper coin, and greatly reduce requirement on machining accuracy and the process period of copper coin, the tension-type fastening structure of the novel relative conventional water tank of bolt presses fastening structure greatly facilitates the replacement operation of end water tank copper coin especially, make it safeguard more simple and fast, decrease the impact on the production time.The present invention has larger economic worth and social value, is specially adapted to extensively promote the use of in electroslag smelting industry.
Claims (10)
1. an electroslag smelting method, it is characterized in that, at a crystallizer other layout two cover electrode devicies, then crystallizer is used to smelt in turn two cover electrode devicies, in an electrode device smelting process, another electrode device performs installing electrodes and electrode is carried out to the work of preheating, smelt complete when smelting the electrode device used and remove electrode, again to feed in raw material and after arranging crystallizer, be moved in crystallizer by preheated electrode and smelt, so circulation realizes high-level efficiency electroslag smelting.
2. electroslag smelting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, following electroslag smelting electric furnace system is adopted to carry out, described electroslag smelting electric furnace system, comprise the overall crystallizer in oven-like, be positioned at the electrode device of crystallizer side, wherein crystallizer lower end is provided with the end water tank of cooling, electrode device comprises pillar, on pillar, movable sleeve is provided with transverse arm, transverse arm just installs to crystallizer the electrode extending down into crystallizer, electrode comprise epimere for the fixed part that is connected with transverse arm and hypomere for smelting time be dissolved into Smelting Part in electroslag, electrode device also comprises for controlling hoisting appliance that transverse arm is elevated along pillar and for controlling the rotating mechanism that transverse arm rotates around column axle center, wherein, described electrode device is two covers and correspondence is arranged on crystallizer both sides, also comprise electrode preheat device, electrode preheat device have one vertically arrange and upper end open can the heated chamber that inserts of power pole lower end, also there is the heating unit that can be used in the heated by electrodes inserted, described electrode preheat device is one, and in described two cover electrode devicies, the rotate path place circle of two electrodes on respective transverse arm has two crossing intersection points, and described crystallizer and electrode preheat device are arranged in two position of intersecting point separately.
3. electroslag smelting method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described electrode preheat device comprises housing, enclosure interior be provided with refractory insulating material and middle part formed heated chamber, be embedded with in described refractory insulating material around heated chamber lift spiral arrange ruhmkorff coil formed heating unit.
4. electroslag smelting method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, ruhmkorff coil inner hollow forms coil cooling-water duct, housing side is also provided with the coil entrance of cooling water and coil cooling water outlet connected with the two ends of coil cooling-water duct short transverse.
5. electroslag smelting method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, be also provided with shielding gas passage in described housing, and the inner air outlet of shielding gas passage is positioned at bottom heated chamber, and outer end inlet mouth is used for external protection source of the gas.
6. electroslag smelting method as claimed in claim 5; it is characterized in that; described shielding gas passage is the annular channel structure arranged higher than heated chamber inner bottom surface, and described air outlet is equally distributed multiple and be circumferentially communicated to obliquely bottom heated chamber along identical vergence direction around circular channel circumference.
7. electroslag smelting method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described housing entirety is in drum-shaped, heated chamber is the cylindrical of coaxial setting, case top lid establishes the cap being fixed with coupling, be provided with the via hole coaxial with heated chamber in the middle part of cap, via diameter is greater than electrode external diameter and is less than heated chamber diameter.
8. electroslag smelting method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, be positioned at ruhmkorff coil top position and be also provided with temperature sensor in described heated chamber, temperature sensor is non-contact temperature sensor and is connected with a warning howler be positioned at outside housing.
9. electroslag smelting method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described housing bottom is also provided with water coolant chamber, and water coolant chamber side is provided with inlet channel, and opposite side is provided with outlet conduit.
10. electroslag smelting method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the end cisten mechanism of crystallizer lower end, comprise casing, body side connection is provided with water inlet pipe and rising pipe, casing upper end open and be formed with the end water tank panel of rectangle frame plate structure to surrounding horizontal-extending at opening part, water tank panel upper surface correspondence in the end is equipped with the rubber gasket of rectangle frame plate structure, covers again and be provided with flat copper coin above rubber gasket; Also be provided with above copper coin and be fixed mechanism for realizing being fixed copper coin and rubber gasket, the described mechanism that is fixed comprises a compression web member, compress web member lower end to be connected with casing and load, compress the mounting plate that corresponding rubber gasket top position, web member upper end has the horizontal rectangular skeleton construction of a coupling, on mounting plate, corresponding rubber gasket is vertically provided with a circle threaded hole, in threaded hole under be connected with push bolt, push bolt lower end is connected to copper coin upper surface and realizes being fixed copper coin and rubber gasket.
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| CN105969998A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-09-28 | 重庆钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Metal smelting atmosphere protecting method |
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