CN104827922A - Fuel cell vehicle, control method and control system thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell vehicle, control method and control system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104827922A CN104827922A CN201410806172.8A CN201410806172A CN104827922A CN 104827922 A CN104827922 A CN 104827922A CN 201410806172 A CN201410806172 A CN 201410806172A CN 104827922 A CN104827922 A CN 104827922A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control system of a fuel cell vehicle. The control system includes a fuel cell engine, a DC/DC converter, a fuel cell manager for controlling the fuel cell engine and the DC/DC converter, a power battery, a battery manager for controlling the power battery, a mode selection switch, a motor and a motor controller; a vehicle controller is connected with the fuel cell manager, the battery manager and the motor controller respectively; the vehicle controller determines the working mode of the fuel cell engine according to the fault state of the fuel cell vehicle, the charge value of the power battery and the state of the mode selection switch, and controls the fuel cell manager according to the working mode. With the control system of the fuel cell vehicle of the invention adopted, vehicle energy distribution can be optimized, and the efficiency of a fuel cell system and the power battery can be improved, and the fuel cell system can be effectively protected, and a vehicle control algorithm can be simplified, and the control algorithm is reliable and effective. The invention also discloses a fuel cell vehicle and a control method of the fuel cell vehicle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automobile technical field, particularly a kind of control system of fuel cell powered vehicle, a kind of control system, method of fuel cell powered vehicle and a kind of fuel cell powered vehicle.
Background technology
Along with the extensive popularization of electronlmobil, the short slab of electronlmobil continual mileage becomes the focus of people's concern gradually, and the high cost of present battery, low life-span hinder the development of electronlmobil, the appearance of stroke-increasing electric automobile alleviates the anxiety of people to electronlmobil continual mileage.Fuel cell powered vehicle advantage compared with other stroke-increasing electric automobile is very outstanding, and efficiency is high, zero-emission, is the good new-energy automobile of a kind of development prospect.The energy management of fuel cell hybrid system and control are one of core technologies of fuel cell system research in fuel cell powered vehicle; the energy management of fuel cell hybrid system and control Main Function are the parameter characteristics of abundant fuel cell and auxiliary energy; real-time control Energy transmission; optimization energy distributes; reduce the dynamical load of fuel battery engines simultaneously; protection fuel cell system; by optimizing the work area of fuel battery engines and at utmost reclaiming braking energy, make fuel cell system efficiency optimization.
Fuel cell system can be counted as the distance increasing unit of electronlmobil.Traditional distance increasing unit controls normally to adopt calorstat formula control policy, and namely the size of the startup of distance increasing unit and the charged value of closedown Main Basis electrokinetic cell, determines the unlatching of fuel cell system according to the charged value of electrokinetic cell.In calorstat formula control policy, fuel cell system always works in constant power points; although the efficiency of fuel cell system can be improved; but dynamic property and the economy of car load can not be met, and frequent start-stop can cause damage to the fuel cell system of costliness simultaneously.
Propose following three kinds of schemes in correlation technique to control for distance increasing unit: scheme one is the power distribution method of fuel cell hybrid system, scheme two is fuel cell hybrid energy management control system, and scheme three is control method of fuel cell hybrid vehicle.The common trait of above three kinds of schemes is, fuel cell system takes power trailing type control policy, namely fuel cell system follows the change of car load demand power, electrokinetic cell plays the effect of peak load shifting, auxiliary power is provided when accelerating and climb, reclaim braking energy simultaneously, the principle of energy distribution is the optimal power allocation according to electrokinetic cell and fuel cell system local separately, then the optimal power carrying out whole system regulates, electrokinetic cell and fuel cell system are compromised mutually, to reach the optimum allocation of energy.
The shortcoming that above three kinds of schemes exist is: power trailing type control policy does not consider the coupling feature of system parameter and specific driving cycle, effectively can not play the effect of electrokinetic cell and fuel cell system, be unfavorable for the raising of Full Vehicle System efficiency, and under car load demand power changes greatly operating mode, power trailing type control policy often causes damage to fuel cell system, all employ complicated model when carrying out energy distribution simultaneously, such as car load hybrid power system model adopts principle of least square model, fuzzy control model etc. is adopted during the estimated driving force power of battery, control system more complicated, cost is high, reliability is low.
In correlation technique, the control policy of fuel cell system the mode of operation of fuel cell driving engine can be divided into calorstat formula control policy and power trailing type control policy, and the two cuts both ways.Calorstat formula control policy is Hysteresis control; the mode of operation of fuel battery engines is determined according to the limit value of the charged value of electrokinetic cell; can be power battery charging near best efficiency point during fuel cell system work; shortcoming is if the capacity of electrokinetic cell is less; then need frequent switch fuel cell system, be unfavorable for protecting fuel battery engines.Power trailing type control policy is servo antrol, and fuel cell system generally runs near optimum operation line, follows bearing power change, and shortcoming is the fuel cell system needing to configure relatively high power, adds the cost of fuel cell system and car load.
Object of the present invention is intended to solve one of above-mentioned technical matters at least to a certain extent.
For this reason, one object of the present invention is the control system proposing a kind of fuel cell powered vehicle, and the control system of this fuel cell powered vehicle optimizes car load energy distribution; improve the efficiency of car load; protect fuel cell system, simplify full-vehicle control algorithm, reduce and control cost.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of fuel cell powered vehicle.
Another object of the present invention is the control method proposing a kind of fuel cell powered vehicle.
For achieving the above object, one aspect of the present invention embodiment proposes a kind of control system of fuel cell powered vehicle, and the control system of this fuel cell powered vehicle comprises: fuel battery engines and DC/DC changer; Control the fuel cell management device of described fuel battery engines and described DC/DC changer; Electrokinetic cell; Control the battery manager of described electrokinetic cell; Pattern Select Switch; Motor and electric machine controller; And entire car controller, described entire car controller manages device with described fuel cell respectively, described battery manager is connected with described electric machine controller, the state of the described faulty condition of entire car controller fuel cell automobile, the charged value of described electrokinetic cell and described Pattern Select Switch determines the mode of operation of described fuel battery engines, and controls described fuel cell management device according to described mode of operation.
The control system of the fuel cell powered vehicle that the embodiment of the present invention proposes can optimize car load energy distribution; the efficiency of fuel cell system and electrokinetic cell is improved while protection fuel cell system; and full-vehicle control algorithm can be simplified, realize reducing full-vehicle control cost.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, wherein, when described fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is less than most high threshold and is greater than minimum threshold, and when described Pattern Select Switch is not selected by chaufeur or the state of described Pattern Select Switch is system control model, described in described vehicle control unit controls, fuel cell management device runs with Power following; When described fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of described electrokinetic cell be less than described in most high threshold and be greater than described minimum threshold, and the state of described Pattern Select Switch is when being Power following, described in described vehicle control unit controls, fuel cell management device runs with described Power following; When described fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of described electrokinetic cell be less than described in most high threshold and be greater than described minimum threshold, and the state of described Pattern Select Switch is when being calorstat pattern, described in described vehicle control unit controls, fuel cell management device is when the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is less than predetermined threshold value, starting described fuel battery engines with best efficiency point is described power battery charging, until the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is greater than described predetermined threshold value.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, wherein, when described fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is when being less than minimum threshold, described entire car controller forbids described Pattern Select Switch work, and control described fuel cell management device be described power battery charging with best efficiency point, until the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is greater than described minimum threshold.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, wherein, when described fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and when the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is more than or equal to most high threshold, described in described vehicle control unit controls, fuel cell powered vehicle enters electric-only mode.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, fuel cell management device described in described vehicle control unit controls runs with Power following and specifically comprises: the demand power obtaining described fuel cell powered vehicle; Obtain the charge-discharge electric power of described electrokinetic cell; The steady-state output power of described fuel battery engines is determined according to the demand power of described fuel cell powered vehicle and described charge-discharge electric power; And obtain the dynamic object electric current of described DC/DC changer according to the steady-state output power of described fuel battery engines, and according to described dynamic object current control DC/DC changer.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, described entire car controller determines the gross horsepower of described fuel cell powered vehicle according to the steady-state output power of the charge-discharge electric power of described electrokinetic cell and described fuel battery engines, and controls described electric machine controller according to described gross horsepower.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, by the steady-state output power of fuel battery engines described in following formulae discovery:
P
f＝P
d*-P
b+P
aux
Wherein, P
d* be the demand power of described fuel cell powered vehicle, P
bfor the charge-discharge electric power of described electrokinetic cell, P
auxfor the accessory power of described fuel cell powered vehicle, P
f_min<p
f<P
f_max, | P
f(k+1)-P
f(k) | < Δ P
f, P
f_minwith P
f_maxbe respectively minimum instantaneous power and the maximum instantaneous power of described fuel battery engines, Δ P
ffor the permission rate of change of the steady-state output power of described fuel battery engines.
For achieving the above object, the present invention on the other hand embodiment also proposed a kind of fuel cell powered vehicle, and this fuel cell powered vehicle comprises the control system of described fuel cell powered vehicle.
The fuel cell powered vehicle that the embodiment of the present invention proposes; optimize car load energy distribution by the control system of fuel cell powered vehicle, improve the efficiency of fuel cell system and electrokinetic cell, protect fuel cell system simultaneously; simplify full-vehicle control algorithm, reduce full-vehicle control cost.
For achieving the above object, further aspect of the present invention embodiment also proposed a kind of control method of fuel cell powered vehicle, and the control method of this fuel cell powered vehicle comprises the following steps: the state obtaining the faulty condition of fuel cell powered vehicle, the charged value of electrokinetic cell and Pattern Select Switch; According to the mode of operation of the state determination fuel battery engines of the faulty condition of described fuel cell powered vehicle, the charged value of described electrokinetic cell and described Pattern Select Switch, and according to described mode of operation, fuel cell management device is controlled.
The control method of the fuel cell powered vehicle that the embodiment of the present invention proposes; car load energy distribution can be optimized; improve the efficiency of fuel cell system and electrokinetic cell while protection fuel cell system, and full-vehicle control algorithm can be simplified, realize reducing full-vehicle control cost.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, wherein, when described fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is less than most high threshold and is greater than minimum threshold, and when described Pattern Select Switch is not selected by chaufeur or the state of described Pattern Select Switch is system control model, control described fuel cell management device and run with Power following; When described fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of described electrokinetic cell be less than described in most high threshold and be greater than described minimum threshold, and the state of described Pattern Select Switch is when being Power following, controls described fuel cell management device and run with described Power following; When described fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of described electrokinetic cell be less than described in most high threshold and be greater than described minimum threshold, and the state of described Pattern Select Switch is when being calorstat pattern, control described fuel cell management device when the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is less than predetermined threshold value, starting described fuel battery engines with best efficiency point is described power battery charging, until the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is greater than described predetermined threshold value.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, wherein, when described fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is when being less than minimum threshold, forbid described Pattern Select Switch work, and control described fuel cell management device be described power battery charging with best efficiency point, until the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is greater than described minimum threshold.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, wherein, when described fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and when the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is more than or equal to most high threshold, controls described fuel cell powered vehicle and enter electric-only mode.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, described control described fuel cell management device runs with Power following and specifically comprises: the demand power obtaining described fuel cell powered vehicle; Obtain the charge-discharge electric power of described electrokinetic cell; The steady-state output power of described fuel battery engines is determined according to the demand power of described fuel cell powered vehicle and described charge-discharge electric power; And obtain the dynamic object electric current of described DC/DC changer according to the steady-state output power of described fuel battery engines, and according to described dynamic object current control DC/DC changer.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, determine the gross horsepower of described fuel cell powered vehicle according to the charge-discharge electric power of described electrokinetic cell and the steady-state output power of described fuel battery engines, and according to described gross horsepower, electric machine controller is controlled.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, by the steady-state output power of fuel battery engines described in following formulae discovery:
P
f＝P
d*-P
b+P
aux
Wherein, P
d* be the demand power of described fuel cell powered vehicle, P
bfor the charge-discharge electric power of described electrokinetic cell, P
auxfor the accessory power of described fuel cell powered vehicle, P
f_min<p
f<P
f_max, | P
f(k+1)-P
f(k) | < Δ P
f, P
f_minwith P
f_maxbe respectively minimum instantaneous power and the maximum instantaneous power of described fuel battery engines, Δ P
ffor the permission rate of change of the steady-state output power of described fuel battery engines.
The aspect that the present invention adds and advantage will part provide in the following description, and part will become obvious from the following description, or be recognized by practice of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is that contriver proposes based on following understanding and discovery:
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage will become obvious and easy understand from the following description of the accompanying drawings of embodiments, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the control system of fuel cell powered vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the control system of fuel cell powered vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the mode of operation list of the fuel cell powered vehicle stable state of the charged value division according to electrokinetic cell of the control system of fuel cell powered vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the diagram of circuit of the control method of fuel cell powered vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention; And
Fig. 5 is the diagram of circuit of the control method of fuel cell powered vehicle according to the present invention's specific embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Be described below in detail embodiments of the invention, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has element that is identical or similar functions from start to finish.Being exemplary below by the embodiment be described with reference to the drawings, only for explaining the present invention, and can not limitation of the present invention being interpreted as.
Disclosing hereafter provides many different embodiments or example is used for realizing different structure of the present invention.Of the present invention open in order to simplify, hereinafter the parts of specific examples and setting are described.Certainly, they are only example, and object does not lie in restriction the present invention.In addition, the present invention can in different example repeat reference numerals and/or letter.This repetition is to simplify and clearly object, itself does not indicate the relation between discussed various embodiment and/or setting.In addition, the various specific technique that the invention provides and the example of material, but those of ordinary skill in the art can recognize the property of can be applicable to of other techniques and/or the use of other materials.In addition, fisrt feature described below second feature it " on " structure can comprise the embodiment that the first and second features are formed as directly contact, also can comprise other feature and be formed in embodiment between the first and second features, such first and second features may not be direct contacts.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise prescribed and limit, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, such as, can be mechanical connection or electrical connection, also can be the connection of two element internals, can be directly be connected, also indirectly can be connected by intermediary, for the ordinary skill in the art, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term can be understood as the case may be.
The control method of the control system of the fuel cell powered vehicle proposed according to the embodiment of the present invention, fuel cell powered vehicle and fuel cell powered vehicle is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, the control system of the fuel cell powered vehicle of the embodiment of the present invention comprises: the management of fuel battery engines 10, DC/DC changer 20, fuel cell device 30, electrokinetic cell 40, battery manager 50, Pattern Select Switch 60, motor 70, electric machine controller 80 and entire car controller 90.Wherein, fuel cell management device 30 controls fuel battery engines 10 and DC/DC changer 20 (such as high pressure DC/DC conv).Battery manager 50 controls electrokinetic cell 40.Entire car controller 90 manages device 30 with fuel cell respectively, battery manager 50 is connected with electric machine controller 80, the mode of operation of the state determination fuel battery engines 10 of the faulty condition of entire car controller 90 fuel cell automobile, the charged value of electrokinetic cell 40 and Pattern Select Switch 60, and according to mode of operation, fuel cell management device 30 is controlled.
Wherein, fuel cell system can comprise fuel cell management device 30, fuel battery engines 10 and DC/DC changer 20 etc.Particularly, in one embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 2, fuel battery engines 10 is in parallel with electrokinetic cell 40 by high pressure DC/DC conv, motor 70 is connected with bus with electric machine controller 80, motor 70 is connected with drive axle with diff through drop-gear box, and fuel cell management device 30, battery manager 50, electric machine controller 80 are all connected with entire car controller 90 by CAN with each sensor.Particularly, in one embodiment of the invention, entire car controller 90 can comprise driver-commanded explanation module, motor status functional module, electrokinetic cell status function module, car load diagnostic process module, input and output processing and control module, accessory control module, mode of operation control module, energy management module etc.Wherein, energy management module is responsible for energy and is distributed between fuel battery engines 10 and electrokinetic cell 40, is the nucleus module of entire car controller 90.
It should be noted that, chaufeur can arrange expection master mode by the instruction of Pattern Select Switch 60 input pattern.In one embodiment of the invention, the mode instruction of chaufeur input can be: pattern 1, pattern 2 and mode 3, wherein, when the mode instruction of chaufeur input is pattern 1, the state of Pattern Select Switch 60 is Power following, and when the mode instruction of chaufeur input is pattern 2, the state of Pattern Select Switch 60 is calorstat pattern, when the mode instruction of chaufeur input is mode 3, the state of Pattern Select Switch 60 enters system control model for cancelling input pattern instruction.
Particularly, in one embodiment of the invention, when the control system of fuel cell powered vehicle starts, first initialization is carried out, entire car controller 90 gathers the charged value of electrokinetic cell 40, the speed of a motor vehicle, the vehicle parameters such as the state of fuel battery engines 10 and motor 70, and wait for the instruction of chaufeur input pattern, wherein, if chaufeur does not have input pattern instruction, then entire car controller 90 can control fuel cell management device 30 run with system control model, if the instruction of chaufeur input pattern, then entire car controller 90 can control the mode operation that fuel cell management device 30 inputs with chaufeur.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, when fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of electrokinetic cell 40 is less than most high threshold and is greater than minimum threshold, and when Pattern Select Switch 60 is not selected by chaufeur or the state of Pattern Select Switch 60 is system control model, entire car controller 90 can control fuel cell management device 30 and run with Power following.Now, the demand power change that fuel battery engines 10 follows fuel cell powered vehicle meets car load traveling demand, and when the demand power transient change of fuel cell powered vehicle is larger, electrokinetic cell 40 discharges in short-term or charges, using assisting as fuel cell system.Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, when fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of electrokinetic cell 40 is less than most high threshold and is greater than minimum threshold, and the state of Pattern Select Switch 60 is when being Power following, entire car controller 90 can control fuel cell management device 30 and run with Power following.Now, the demand power change that fuel battery engines 10 follows fuel cell powered vehicle meets car load traveling demand, and when the demand power transient change of fuel cell powered vehicle is larger, electrokinetic cell 40 discharges in short-term or charges, using assisting as fuel cell system.Further, in yet another embodiment of the present invention, when fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of electrokinetic cell 40 is less than most high threshold and is greater than minimum threshold, and the state of Pattern Select Switch 60 is when being calorstat pattern, entire car controller 90 can control fuel cell management device 30 when the charged value of electrokinetic cell 40 is less than predetermined threshold value, and starting fluid battery engine 10 is that electrokinetic cell 40 charges with best efficiency point, until the charged value of electrokinetic cell 40 is greater than predetermined threshold value.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, when fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of electrokinetic cell 40 is when being less than minimum threshold, entire car controller 90 can work by prohibited mode select switch 60, namely entire car controller 90 can not allow chaufeur to pass through the instruction of Pattern Select Switch 60 input pattern, and to control fuel cell management device 30 starting fluid battery engine 10 be that electrokinetic cell 40 charges with best efficiency point, until the charged value of electrokinetic cell 40 is greater than minimum threshold.Further, in yet another embodiment of the present invention, when fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and when the charged value of electrokinetic cell 40 is more than or equal to most high threshold, entire car controller 90 can control fuel cell powered vehicle and enter electric-only mode.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, entire car controller 90 controls fuel cell management device 30 and specifically can comprise with Power following operation: obtain the demand power of fuel cell powered vehicle and obtain the charge-discharge electric power of electrokinetic cell 40, and the steady-state output power of the demand power of fuel cell automobile and charge-discharge electric power determination fuel battery engines 10, and the steady-state output power of fuel cell driving engine 10 obtains the dynamic object electric current of DC/DC changer 20, and according to dynamic object current control DC/DC changer 20.
Particularly, in one embodiment of the invention, entire car controller 90 can fuel cell driving engine 10 and the current demand power of maximum power correction fuel cell powered vehicle that can export of electrokinetic cell 40, and under the different working modes of fuel cell powered vehicle stable state, according to the charged value of electrokinetic cell 40 and the highest temperature of electrokinetic cell 40, minimum temperature, most high monomer voltage, minimum monomer voltage and electrokinetic cell total voltage etc. carry out the charge-discharge electric power tabling look-up to determine electrokinetic cell 40, wherein, according to electrokinetic cell 40 charged value divide fuel cell powered vehicle stable state mode of operation list as shown in Figure 3.Further, in one embodiment of the invention, the steady-state output power of following formulae discovery fuel battery engines 10 can be passed through:
P
f＝P
d*-P
b+P
aux
Wherein, P
d* be the demand power of fuel cell powered vehicle, P
bfor the charge-discharge electric power of electrokinetic cell 40, work as P
bon the occasion of time be discharge power, work as P
bbe charge power during negative value, P
auxfor the accessory power (comprising the consumption of power of fuel battery engines 10 self) of fuel cell powered vehicle, P
f_min<p
f<P
f_max, | P
f(k+1)-P
f(k) | < Δ P
f, P
f_minwith P
f_maxbe respectively minimum instantaneous power and the maximum instantaneous power of fuel battery engines 10, Δ P
ffor the permission rate of change of the steady-state output power of fuel battery engines 10.
Particularly, in one embodiment of the invention, entire car controller 90 can calculate the astable output electrical current of DC/DC changer 20 according to the steady-state output power of bus voltage and fuel battery engines 10, and filtering is carried out to the astable output electrical current of DC/DC changer 20, obtain the dynamic object electric current of DC/DC changer 20, and then by CAN, this dynamic object electric current is sent to DC/DC changer 20, with the actual output of control DC/DC changer 20.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, entire car controller 90 according to the gross horsepower of the steady-state output power determination fuel cell powered vehicle of the charge-discharge electric power of electrokinetic cell 40 and fuel battery engines 10, and can control electric machine controller 80 according to gross horsepower.Particularly, in one embodiment of the invention, gross horsepower can be converted to motor torque command and send to electric machine controller 80 by entire car controller 90, exports, meet the traveling demand of fuel cell powered vehicle with the torque controlling motor 70.
It should be noted that, for the handling characteristics of the fuel cell powered vehicle of route city operating mode, relatively low power fuel cell system and larger capacity auxiliary power battery 40 can be configured, to realize reducing integral vehicle cost, improve the work efficiency of fuel cell system, and obtain longer pure motor driving ability.
In sum, the control system of the fuel cell powered vehicle of the embodiment of the present invention makes full use of the anticipation of chaufeur to driving cycle, by the selection of chaufeur to mode of operation, different master modes can be run under difference travels working condition, and take full advantage of the advantage of calorstat pattern and Power following person two kinds of patterns, simultaneously, full-vehicle control algorithm takes full advantage of the existing parts data (demand power of such as fuel cell powered vehicle, the charge-discharge electric power of electrokinetic cell 40, the accessory power etc. of fuel cell powered vehicle), different parts (such as DC/DC changer 20 is calculated respectively under fuel battery engines 10 different working modes, electric machine controller 80 etc.) controling parameters value, no longer rely on complicated theoretical model, simplify control algorithm, improve program reliability (and car load algorithm through checking, obtain better effects).
The control system of the fuel cell powered vehicle that the embodiment of the present invention proposes, according to the power optimization situation of electrokinetic cell and fuel cell system local separately, mode instruction in conjunction with chaufeur input takes calorstat pattern and Power following person to carry out the energy reasonable distribution of car load respectively, improve the efficiency of fuel cell system and electrokinetic cell, ensure that dynamic property and the economy of vehicle, improve the energy efficiency of fuel cell powered vehicle, optimize the dynamical load of fuel cell system simultaneously, decrease the frequency that fuel cell system is opened, available protecting fuel cell system, and simplify full-vehicle control algorithm, reduce full-vehicle control cost, and control algorithm is reliable, effectively.
The present invention on the other hand embodiment also proposed a kind of fuel cell powered vehicle, and this fuel cell powered vehicle comprises the control system of above-mentioned fuel cell powered vehicle.
The fuel cell powered vehicle that the embodiment of the present invention proposes; car load energy distribution is optimized by the control system of fuel cell powered vehicle; improve the efficiency of fuel cell system and electrokinetic cell; protect fuel cell system simultaneously; simplify full-vehicle control algorithm; and control algorithm is reliable, effective, and reduce full-vehicle control cost.
In addition, further aspect of the present invention embodiment also proposed a kind of control method of fuel cell powered vehicle, the control method of this fuel cell powered vehicle can be applied to the control system of above-mentioned fuel cell powered vehicle, and as shown in Figure 4, the control method of this fuel cell powered vehicle comprises the following steps:
S1, obtains the state of the faulty condition of fuel cell powered vehicle, the charged value of electrokinetic cell and Pattern Select Switch.
It should be noted that, chaufeur can arrange expection master mode by the instruction of Pattern Select Switch input pattern.In one embodiment of the invention, the mode instruction of chaufeur input can be: pattern 1, pattern 2 and mode 3, wherein, when the mode instruction of chaufeur input is pattern 1, the state of Pattern Select Switch is Power following, and when the mode instruction of chaufeur input is pattern 2, the state of Pattern Select Switch is calorstat pattern, when the mode instruction of chaufeur input is mode 3, the state of Pattern Select Switch enters system control model for cancelling input pattern instruction.
S2, the mode of operation of the state determination fuel battery engines of the faulty condition of fuel cell automobile, the charged value of electrokinetic cell and Pattern Select Switch, and according to mode of operation, fuel cell management device is controlled.
Particularly, in one embodiment of the invention, when the control system of fuel cell powered vehicle starts, first entire car controller carries out initialization, and gather the charged value of electrokinetic cell, the speed of a motor vehicle, the vehicle parameters such as the state of fuel battery engines and motor, with the instruction of wait chaufeur input pattern, wherein, if chaufeur does not have input pattern instruction, then entire car controller can control fuel cell management device run with system control model, if the instruction of chaufeur input pattern, then entire car controller can control the mode operation that fuel cell management device inputs with chaufeur.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, when fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of electrokinetic cell is less than most high threshold and is greater than minimum threshold, and when Pattern Select Switch is not selected by chaufeur or the state of Pattern Select Switch is system control model, fuel cell management device can be controlled and run with Power following.Now, the demand power change that fuel battery engines follows fuel cell powered vehicle meets car load traveling demand, and when the demand power transient change of fuel cell powered vehicle is larger, electrokinetic cell discharges in short-term or charges, using assisting as fuel cell system.Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, when fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of electrokinetic cell is less than most high threshold and is greater than minimum threshold, and the state of Pattern Select Switch is when being Power following, fuel cell management device can be controlled and run with Power following.Now, the demand power change that fuel battery engines follows fuel cell powered vehicle meets car load traveling demand, and when the demand power transient change of fuel cell powered vehicle is larger, electrokinetic cell discharges in short-term or charges, using assisting as fuel cell system.Further, in yet another embodiment of the present invention, when fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of electrokinetic cell is less than most high threshold and is greater than minimum threshold, and the state of Pattern Select Switch is when being calorstat pattern, can control fuel cell management device when the charged value of electrokinetic cell is less than predetermined threshold value, starting fluid battery engine take best efficiency point as power battery charging, until the charged value of electrokinetic cell is greater than predetermined threshold value.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, when fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of electrokinetic cell is when being less than minimum threshold, can chaufeur can not be allowed to pass through the instruction of Pattern Select Switch input pattern by prohibited mode select switch working examples such as entire car controller, and to control fuel cell management device starting fluid battery engine take best efficiency point as power battery charging, until the charged value of electrokinetic cell is greater than minimum threshold.Further, in yet another embodiment of the present invention, when fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and when the charged value of electrokinetic cell is more than or equal to most high threshold, fuel cell powered vehicle can be controlled and enter electric-only mode.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, control fuel cell management device specifically can comprise with Power following operation:
S3, obtains the demand power of fuel cell powered vehicle.
Particularly, in one embodiment of the invention, entire car controller can fuel cell driving engine and the current demand power of maximum power correction fuel cell powered vehicle that can export of electrokinetic cell.
S4, obtains the charge-discharge electric power of electrokinetic cell.
Particularly, in one embodiment of the invention, under the different working modes of fuel cell powered vehicle stable state, entire car controller can carry out according to the highest temperature of the charged value of electrokinetic cell and electrokinetic cell, minimum temperature, most high monomer voltage, minimum monomer voltage and electrokinetic cell total voltage etc. the charge-discharge electric power tabling look-up to determine electrokinetic cell.
S5, the demand power of fuel cell automobile and the steady-state output power of charge-discharge electric power determination fuel battery engines.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, the steady-state output power of following formulae discovery fuel battery engines can be passed through:
P
f＝P
d*-P
b+P
aux
Wherein, P
d* be the demand power of fuel cell powered vehicle, P
bfor the charge-discharge electric power of electrokinetic cell, work as P
bon the occasion of time be discharge power, work as P
bbe charge power during negative value, P
auxfor the accessory power (comprising the consumption of power of fuel battery engines self) of fuel cell powered vehicle, P
f_min<p
f<P
f_max, | P
f(k+1)-P
f(k) | < Δ P
f, P
f_minwith P
f_maxbe respectively minimum instantaneous power and the maximum instantaneous power of fuel battery engines, Δ P
ffor the permission rate of change of the steady-state output power of fuel battery engines.
S6, the steady-state output power of fuel cell driving engine obtains the dynamic object electric current of DC/DC changer, and according to dynamic object current control DC/DC changer.
Particularly, in one embodiment of the invention, entire car controller can calculate the astable output electrical current of DC/DC changer according to the steady-state output power of bus voltage and fuel battery engines, and filtering is carried out to the astable output electrical current of DC/DC changer, obtain the dynamic object electric current of DC/DC changer, and then by CAN, this dynamic object electric current is sent to DCDC controller, with the actual output of control DC/DC changer.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, according to the gross horsepower of the steady-state output power determination fuel cell powered vehicle of the charge-discharge electric power of electrokinetic cell and fuel battery engines, and can control electric machine controller according to gross horsepower.Particularly, in one embodiment of the invention, gross horsepower can be converted to motor torque command and send to electric machine controller by entire car controller, exports, meet the traveling demand of fuel cell powered vehicle with the torque controlling motor.
It should be noted that, for the handling characteristics of the fuel cell powered vehicle of route city operating mode, relatively low power fuel cell system and larger capacity auxiliary power battery can be configured, to realize reducing integral vehicle cost, improve the work efficiency of fuel cell system, and obtain longer pure motor driving ability.
Further, in one particular embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, the control system, method of fuel cell powered vehicle comprises the following steps:
S51, judges whether the charged value of electrokinetic cell is more than or equal to most high threshold.
If so, enter step S52, if not, enter step S53.
S52, controls fuel cell powered vehicle and enters electric-only mode.
S53, judges that the charged value of electrokinetic cell is less than most high threshold and is greater than minimum threshold.
If so, enter step S54, if not, enter step S58.
S54, judges the mode instruction that chaufeur inputs.
If the mode instruction of chaufeur input is pattern 1, enter step S55, if the mode instruction of chaufeur input is pattern 2, enter step S56, if the mode instruction of chaufeur input is mode 3, enter step S57.
S55, controls fuel cell management device and runs with Power following.
S56, controls fuel cell management device with calorstat mode operation.
S57, controls fuel cell management device and runs with system control model.
After entering step S55, S56 or S57, enter step S58.
S58, judges whether the charged value of electrokinetic cell is less than minimum threshold.
If so, enter step S59, if not, return step S51.
S59, forbids that chaufeur is by the instruction of Pattern Select Switch input pattern, and controls fuel battery engines unlatching.
After step S59, enter step S57.
In sum, the control system, method of the fuel cell powered vehicle of the embodiment of the present invention makes full use of the anticipation of chaufeur to driving cycle, by the selection of chaufeur to mode of operation, different master modes can be run under difference travels working condition, and take full advantage of the advantage of calorstat pattern and Power following person two kinds of patterns, simultaneously, full-vehicle control algorithm takes full advantage of the existing parts data (demand power of such as fuel cell powered vehicle, the charge-discharge electric power of electrokinetic cell, the accessory power etc. of fuel cell powered vehicle), different parts (such as DC/DC changer is calculated respectively under fuel battery engines different working modes, electric machine controller etc.) controling parameters value, no longer rely on complicated theoretical model, simplify control algorithm, improve program reliability (and car load algorithm through checking, obtain better effects).
The control method of the fuel cell powered vehicle that the embodiment of the present invention proposes, according to the power optimization situation of electrokinetic cell and fuel cell system local separately, mode instruction in conjunction with chaufeur input takes calorstat pattern and Power following person to carry out the energy reasonable distribution of car load respectively, improve the efficiency of fuel cell system and electrokinetic cell, ensure that dynamic property and the economy of vehicle, improve the energy efficiency of fuel cell powered vehicle, optimize the dynamical load of fuel cell simultaneously, decrease the frequency that fuel cell system is opened, available protecting fuel cell system, and simplify full-vehicle control algorithm, realize reducing full-vehicle control cost, and control algorithm is reliable, effectively.
Describe and can be understood in diagram of circuit or in this any process otherwise described or method, represent and comprise one or more for realizing the module of the code of the executable instruction of the step of specific logical function or process, fragment or part, and the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises other realization, wherein can not according to order that is shown or that discuss, comprise according to involved function by the mode while of basic or by contrary order, carry out n-back test, this should understand by embodiments of the invention person of ordinary skill in the field.
In flow charts represent or in this logic otherwise described and/or step, such as, the sequencing list of the executable instruction for realizing logic function can be considered to, may be embodied in any computer-readable medium, for instruction execution system, device or equipment (as computer based system, comprise the system of treater or other can from instruction execution system, device or equipment fetch instruction and perform the system of instruction) use, or to use in conjunction with these instruction execution systems, device or equipment.With regard to this specification sheets, " computer-readable medium " can be anyly can to comprise, store, communicate, propagate or transmission procedure for instruction execution system, device or equipment or the device that uses in conjunction with these instruction execution systems, device or equipment.The example more specifically (non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable medium comprises following: the electrical connection section (electronics package) with one or more wiring, portable computer diskette box (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM) (ROM), erasablely edit read-only memory (ROM) (EPROM or flash memory), fiber device, and portable optic disk read-only memory (ROM) (CDROM).In addition, computer-readable medium can be even paper or other suitable media that can print described program thereon, because can such as by carrying out optical scanning to paper or other media, then carry out editing, decipher or carry out process with other suitable methods if desired and electronically obtain described program, be then stored in computer storage.
Should be appreciated that each several part of the present invention can realize with hardware, software, firmware or their combination.In the above-described embodiment, multiple step or method can with to store in memory and the software performed by suitable instruction execution system or firmware realize.Such as, if realized with hardware, the same in another embodiment, can realize by any one in following technology well known in the art or their combination: the discrete logic with the logic gates for realizing logic function to data-signal, there is the special IC of suitable combinatory logic gate circuit, programmable gate array (PGA), field programmable gate array (FPGA) etc.
Those skilled in the art are appreciated that realizing all or part of step that above-described embodiment method carries is that the hardware that can carry out instruction relevant by program completes, described program can be stored in a kind of computer-readable recording medium, this program perform time, step comprising embodiment of the method one or a combination set of.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention can be integrated in a processing module, also can be that the independent physics of unit exists, also can be integrated in a module by two or more unit.Above-mentioned integrated module both can adopt the form of hardware to realize, and the form of software function module also can be adopted to realize.If described integrated module using the form of software function module realize and as independently production marketing or use time, also can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium.
The above-mentioned storage medium mentioned can be read-only memory (ROM), disk or CD etc.
In the description of this specification sheets, specific features, structure, material or feature that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to describe in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In this manual, identical embodiment or example are not necessarily referred to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term.And the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can combine in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although illustrate and describe embodiments of the invention, for the ordinary skill in the art, be appreciated that and can carry out multiple change, amendment, replacement and modification to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, scope of the present invention is by claims and equivalency thereof.
Claims (12)
1. a control system for fuel cell powered vehicle, is characterized in that, comprising:
Fuel battery engines and DC/DC changer;
Control the fuel cell management device of described fuel battery engines and described DC/DC changer;
Electrokinetic cell;
Control the battery manager of described electrokinetic cell;
Pattern Select Switch;
Motor and electric machine controller; And
Entire car controller, described entire car controller manages device with described fuel cell respectively, described battery manager is connected with described electric machine controller, the state of the described faulty condition of entire car controller fuel cell automobile, the charged value of described electrokinetic cell and described Pattern Select Switch determines the mode of operation of described fuel battery engines, and controls described fuel cell management device according to described mode of operation.
2. the control system of fuel cell powered vehicle as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein,
When described fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is less than most high threshold and is greater than minimum threshold, and when described Pattern Select Switch is not selected by chaufeur or the state of described Pattern Select Switch is system control model, described in described vehicle control unit controls, fuel cell management device runs with Power following;
When described fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of described electrokinetic cell be less than described in most high threshold and be greater than described minimum threshold, and the state of described Pattern Select Switch is when being Power following, described in described vehicle control unit controls, fuel cell management device runs with described Power following;
When described fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of described electrokinetic cell be less than described in most high threshold and be greater than described minimum threshold, and the state of described Pattern Select Switch is when being calorstat pattern, described in described vehicle control unit controls, fuel cell management device is when the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is less than predetermined threshold value, starting described fuel battery engines with best efficiency point is described power battery charging, until the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is greater than described predetermined threshold value.
3. the control system of fuel cell powered vehicle as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein,
When described fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is when being less than minimum threshold, described entire car controller forbids described Pattern Select Switch work, and control described fuel cell management device be described power battery charging with best efficiency point, until the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is greater than described minimum threshold, or
When described fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and when the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is more than or equal to most high threshold, described in described vehicle control unit controls, fuel cell powered vehicle enters electric-only mode.
4. the control system of fuel cell powered vehicle as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described in described vehicle control unit controls, fuel cell management device runs with Power following and specifically comprises:
Obtain the demand power of described fuel cell powered vehicle;
Obtain the charge-discharge electric power of described electrokinetic cell;
The steady-state output power of described fuel battery engines is determined according to the demand power of described fuel cell powered vehicle and described charge-discharge electric power; And
Obtain the dynamic object electric current of described DC/DC changer according to the steady-state output power of described fuel battery engines, and according to described dynamic object current control DC/DC changer.
5. the control system of fuel cell powered vehicle as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described entire car controller determines the gross horsepower of described fuel cell powered vehicle according to the steady-state output power of the charge-discharge electric power of described electrokinetic cell and described fuel battery engines, and controls described electric machine controller according to described gross horsepower.
6. the control system of fuel cell powered vehicle as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, the steady-state output power by fuel battery engines described in following formulae discovery:
P
f＝P
d*-P
b+P
aux
Wherein, P
d* be the demand power of described fuel cell powered vehicle, P
bfor the charge-discharge electric power of described electrokinetic cell, P
auxfor the accessory power of described fuel cell powered vehicle, P
f_min<p
f<P
f_max, | P
f(k+1)-P
f(k) | < Δ P
f, P
f_minwith P
f_maxbe respectively minimum instantaneous power and the maximum instantaneous power of described fuel battery engines, Δ P
ffor the permission rate of change of the steady-state output power of described fuel battery engines.
7. a fuel cell powered vehicle, is characterized in that, comprises the control system of the fuel cell powered vehicle according to any one of claim 1-6.
8. a control method for fuel cell powered vehicle, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Obtain the state of the faulty condition of fuel cell powered vehicle, the charged value of electrokinetic cell and Pattern Select Switch;
According to the mode of operation of the state determination fuel battery engines of the faulty condition of described fuel cell powered vehicle, the charged value of described electrokinetic cell and described Pattern Select Switch, and according to described mode of operation, fuel cell management device is controlled.
9. the control system of fuel cell powered vehicle as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, wherein,
When described fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is less than most high threshold and is greater than minimum threshold, and when described Pattern Select Switch is not selected by chaufeur or the state of described Pattern Select Switch is system control model, control described fuel cell management device and run with Power following;
When described fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of described electrokinetic cell be less than described in most high threshold and be greater than described minimum threshold, and the state of described Pattern Select Switch is when being Power following, controls described fuel cell management device and run with described Power following;
When described fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of described electrokinetic cell be less than described in most high threshold and be greater than described minimum threshold, and the state of described Pattern Select Switch is when being calorstat pattern, control described fuel cell management device when the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is less than predetermined threshold value, starting described fuel battery engines with best efficiency point is described power battery charging, until the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is greater than described predetermined threshold value.
10. the control system of fuel cell powered vehicle as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, wherein,
When described fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is when being less than minimum threshold, forbid described Pattern Select Switch work, and control described fuel cell management device be described power battery charging with best efficiency point, until the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is greater than described minimum threshold, or
When described fuel cell powered vehicle trouble free, and when the charged value of described electrokinetic cell is more than or equal to most high threshold, controls described fuel cell powered vehicle and enter electric-only mode.
The control system of 11. fuel cell powered vehicles as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, described control described fuel cell management device runs with Power following and specifically comprises:
Obtain the demand power of described fuel cell powered vehicle;
Obtain the charge-discharge electric power of described electrokinetic cell;
The steady-state output power of described fuel battery engines is determined according to the demand power of described fuel cell powered vehicle and described charge-discharge electric power; And
Obtain the dynamic object electric current of described DC/DC changer according to the steady-state output power of described fuel battery engines, and according to described dynamic object current control DC/DC changer.
The control system of 12. fuel cell powered vehicles as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, the steady-state output power by fuel battery engines described in following formulae discovery:
P
f＝P
d*-P
b+P
aux
Wherein, P
d* be the demand power of described fuel cell powered vehicle, P
bfor the charge-discharge electric power of described electrokinetic cell, P
auxfor the accessory power of described fuel cell powered vehicle, P
f_min<p
f<P
f_max, | P
f(k+1)-P
f(k) | < Δ P
f, P
f_minwith P
f_maxbe respectively minimum instantaneous power and the maximum instantaneous power of described fuel battery engines, Δ P
ffor the permission rate of change of the steady-state output power of described fuel battery engines.
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