CN104824116B - A kind of chilled meat intelligence defrozing silo - Google Patents
A kind of chilled meat intelligence defrozing silo Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of chilled meat intelligence defrozing silo, it is made up of electrical system, air circulation system, humidity control system, temperature control system, humiture data acquisition system, microcomputer-recognized intelligent control system, steam is cleaned as working media using low pressure, automatic running thaw routine thaws the chilled meat that reserve temperature is 18 DEG C to 1 ± 1 DEG C of state.By the heating rate and the thermograde at meat surface and meat center that control raw meat, the ice crystal that freezes of raw meat intraor extracellular is set slowly to melt, without defrosting juice loss, keep the flavor and mouthfeel of meat, suppress the breeding of raw meat surface microorganism and bacterium colony again simultaneously, ensure safety of the raw meat in course of defrosting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of intelligent defrozing silo, is thawed suitable for the intelligence of chilled meat.
Background technology
China is meat production big country of the world, and 85,400,000 tons of livestock meat total output in 2014, wherein more than half is with cold storage
Mode is stored, and cold storage can significantly extend the shelf-life of livestock meat, and chilled meat is also meat products foreign trade and interzone stream
Logical major product form.It is the edible primary technological process with meat products processing of meat that chilled meat, which thaws, directly affects meat
Organoleptic quality and processing quality, therefore, chilled meat thaw most important in CARCASS QUALITY.
At present, the conventional defreezing method of China's slaughtering processing enterprise has naturally to thaw method and water thawing method.Air is certainly
It is the upper most widely used method of current production so to thaw, and carries out naturally to thaw in existing workshop, advantage is operation letter
It is single, cost is cheap, but this method thawing rate is slow, meat surface easy oxidation discoloration, microbial growth speed are fast.Water thawing method is general
Defrosting pond is built in existing space, is to circulate or non-mobile water, speed are fast compared with air thawing method in pond, but easily cause nutrition
Material is lost in, and makes yellowish pink greyish white, and defrosting pond floor space is big, defrosting limited amount.Therefore, it is badly in need of a kind of convenient, fast, intelligence
The new defrozing silo of energy.
The content of the invention
The present invention is directed to case above, it is therefore an objective to provides a kind of intelligent defrozing silo for being applied to livestock body (meat), realizes
Intelligence is thawed, and without defrosting juice loss, keeps the flavor and mouthfeel of meat, while suppress raw meat surface microorganism and bacterium colony again
Breeding, ensure safety of the raw meat in course of defrosting.
A kind of chilled meat intelligence defrozing silo, it is characterised in that：The intelligent defrozing silo includes electrical system, air circulation system
System, humidity control system, temperature control system, humiture data acquisition system, microcomputer-recognized intelligent control system, can realize intelligence
Defrozing silo temperature, humidity, the parameter of wind speed can be regulated and controled, by the heating rate and meat surface and the meat center that control raw meat
Thermograde is realized.
According to above-mentioned intelligent defrozing silo, it is characterised in that：The air circulation system includes inner loop and inside and outside followed
Ring two systems.
Inner loop is made up of circulation wind cabinet, centrifugal blower and circulation air path, wherein circulation wind cabinet carries heat-preserving wall, is kept away
Exempting from ambient temperature supercooling influences wind cabinet work；Circulation air path is the design of falling U shape, and with air-supply adjusting means, makes fresh air
It can be directly blown onto bottom storehouse portion, and form in storehouse circulation and return to return air inlet, inner loop is from two Lateral supplies in storehouse, middle return air,
Return air duct design 1-2 rows, determine according to space size and air quantity；Inner loop is always on, remains that wind circulates in storehouse
Uniformly.
Storing tank is by exhaust fan, air intake control valve, air draft control valve, fresh wind tube, backwind tube and intelligence alternating
Adjusting means of blowing composition, fresh wind tube and backwind tube are located at the both sides in storehouse, and fresh wind tube can also overlap with circulate in the wind road, air outlet
Exhaust fan is installed, for air outlet with programming alternately exhaust apparatus is automatically controlled, fresh wind tube and backwind tube are intelligent electric wind
Valve controls.
It will carry out changing wind, i.e. storing tank between each defrosting stage in theory, but consider storehouse temperature and system
Cold, heating energy consumption, can also each two stage or three phases change wind once, depending on defrosting actual conditions, but highest
Temperature must change wind after thawing, because normal cooling process temperature drop rate is slow, high-temperature time can be caused to continue long promote
Livestock body (meat) shows growing for microorganism.
According to above-mentioned intelligent defrozing silo, it is characterised in that：It is warm and humid that the humiture data acquisition system includes at least seven
Sensor is spent, detection project comprises at least environment temperature in storehouse；Ambient humidity in storehouse；Raw meat skin temperature；Raw meat center
Temperature；Return air inlet temperature；Compressor exhaust temperature；The humiture of the positions such as suction temperature.Environment temperature sensor wherein in storehouse
At least two, can mutually it correct automatically.
Outdoor temperature sensor is used to monitor outdoor environment temperature, adjusts indoor temperature, can reduce compressor fortune during winter
The row time, play energy-conserving action.
According to above-mentioned intelligent defrozing silo, it is characterised in that：The microcomputer-recognized intelligent control system is mainly by micro computer controlled
Device composition processed, temperature control precision ± 0.1 DEG C, humid control precision ± 1% can real-time display room humiture change curve.
According to above-mentioned intelligent defrozing silo, it is characterised in that：The temperature control system mainly includes heating system and system
Cooling system.Heating system mainly cleans steam as medium using low pressure, and is controlled by multiple steam valve groups, the circulation road of throttled steam
Footpath is consistent with air circulation path, is two parallel pipelines, and vapor inlet port is conical design, as air circulating system is in storehouse
Interior circulation humidification heating.The evaporator of refrigeration system is installed in circulation wind cabinet, as wind circulation makes in storehouse after compressor start
Cooling.
The compressor of defrozing silo is provided with delayed startup, and storehouse temperature reaches the design temperature upper limit because of the inertia of low-pressure steam
Compressor is just opened when can not be dropped to afterwards in 5min in setting range, avoids compressor from opening frequent.
According to above-mentioned intelligent defrozing silo, it is characterised in that：The defrozing silo temperature controlling range is 0 DEG C~40 DEG C, wet
It is 0~100% to spend control range.
According to above-mentioned intelligent defrozing silo, it is characterised in that：Can thaw livestock body or livestock and poultry cube meat in the defrozing silo,
Putting frame vehicle in laying track or storehouse is pushed up by storehouse to realize.
According to above-mentioned intelligent defrozing silo, it is characterised in that：The microcomputer-recognized intelligent control system includes multiple defrosting journeys
Sequence, each program can set multiple defrosting stages, and according to the defrosting parameter of each program of setting, defrozing silo automatic running is thawed
Program, which thaws chilled meat, arrives cold fresh meat state, and defrosting final temperature is arranged to -1 ± 1 DEG C according to post-production demand.
According to above-mentioned intelligent defrozing silo, it is characterised in that：The equipment operation control model includes temp-controled mode
With time control pattern.
Temp-controled mode detects the temperature of raw meat by being inserted in two temperature sensors on raw meat top layer and center,
Controller automatic decision operation phase and the operation of control device, it is -12 DEG C of raw meat central temperature such as to set the stage 1, then
Raw meat central temperature is higher than -12 DEG C just automatically into the stage 2.
The automatic running of the run time control device for the different phase that time control pattern passes through setting program.Such as setting
Stage 1 is 30min, 12~14 DEG C of environment temperature, then environment temperature is higher than 14 DEG C by automatic start refrigerating plant, environment temperature
Less than 12 DEG C by automatic start steam raising plant, enter the stage 2 after keeping 30min in the range of 12~14 DEG C.
According to above-mentioned intelligent defrozing silo, it is characterised in that：The intelligent defrozing silo is fast by controlling the heating of raw meat
Rate and the thermograde at meat surface and meat center, the ice crystal that freezes of raw meat intraor extracellular is set slowly to melt, no defrosting juice
Loss, the flavor and mouthfeel of meat are kept, while suppress the breeding of raw meat surface microorganism and bacterium colony again, ensure that raw meat is solving
Safety during jelly.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is patent intelligence defrozing silo design drawing of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is ajutage and storehouse plate schematic diagram in patent intelligence defrozing silo of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is patent intelligence defrozing silo air circulating system schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is patent intelligence defrozing silo microcomputer-recognized intelligent control system of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings：1- entity walls；2- air outlets；3- circulation air paths；4- return air inlets；5- circulates wind cabinet；It is 6- temperature, wet
Spend sensor；7- heat room plates.
Embodiment
Below by with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, technical scheme is described in further detail.
As shown in figure 1, the intelligent defrozing silo of the present invention includes electrical system, air circulation system (Fig. 3), humid control system
System, temperature control system, humiture data acquisition system, microcomputer-recognized intelligent control system (Fig. 4).Electrical system is defrozing silo
Operation provides safeguard.Temperature control system includes heating system and refrigeration system, and heating system is made up of two electric steam boilers,
When environment temperature is less than design temperature in storehouse, that is, starts electric steam boiler and improve humidity and temperature in storehouse, reach design temperature
Stop；Refrigeration system is made up of compressor, condenser pipe, expansion valve, evaporator, when environment temperature is higher than design temperature in storehouse
When, that is, starting refrigerating plant reduces humidity in storehouse, reaches design temperature and stops.Humiture data acquisition system gathers storehouse in real time
Ambient humidity, raw meat skin temperature, raw meat central temperature, return air inlet temperature, compressor air-discharging temperature in interior environment temperature, storehouse
The humiture of the positions such as degree, suction temperature, it is easy to monitoring in real time and adjustment.Microcomputer-recognized intelligent control system storehouse door outside defrozing silo
Near, for setting thaw routine, including temp-controled mode and time control pattern.Air circulation system includes inner loop
With inner-outer circulation two systems.Inner loop is made up of circulation wind cabinet, centrifugal blower and circulation air path, wherein circulation wind cabinet carries
Heat-preserving wall, circulation air path are the design of falling U shape, and with air-supply adjusting means, two Lateral supplies from storehouse, middle return air,
Return air duct can design 1-2 rows, make in storehouse wind circulation uniform all the time, see Fig. 2；After the centrifugal blower startup for circulating wind cabinet 5, wind warp
Circulation air path 3 reaches air outlet 2, and the wind after indoor circulation is discharged by return air inlet 4, and specific circulation route is shown in Fig. 3, according to space
Size and air quantity determine that return air inlet can be that 1 row is alternatively 2 rows, keep humiture in storehouse uniform.
Now a course of defrosting is described in detail, will treat that defrosting livestock body is hung on track or waiting to thaw first
Livestock and poultry cube meat is placed in unwheeling, and 30min opens electric steam boiler before starting to thaw, and is prepared the steam of abundance, is avoided storehouse
Interior initial temperature is too low, and steam deficiency is insufficient to allow storehouse temperature to rise to design temperature.In microcomputer-recognized intelligent control system
For treating that defrosting raw material sets thaw routine, by taking the ox trunk raw material of time control pattern as an example, 1 is shown in Table.Determine thaw routine
Start defrozing silo electrical system afterwards, while also start internal air circulating system.Due to filling chilled meat in storehouse, cause storehouse inner ring
Border temperature is too low, starts electric steam boiler first, storehouse temperature is closed after reaching 15 DEG C of the setting of stage 1, chilled meat in storehouse
Temperature is low to cool automatically, and storehouse temperature is again started up electric steam boiler after being less than 12 DEG C, reciprocal with this, in 12~15 DEG C of models
After enclosing interior holding 60min, wind 5min is changed；Into the stage 2, electric steam boiler, which starts, makes storehouse temperature be closed after reaching 18 DEG C, storehouse
Interior chilled meat is again started up electric steam boiler automatically after cooling is less than 15 DEG C, after keeping 60min, change wind 5min；By that analogy, rank
Section 5,6 reaches the environment highest temperature, is quickly thawed using the gradient temperature difference at trunk (meat) center and top layer, and the stage 5 later must
It must carry out changing wind, because continuous high temperature can cause growing for trunk (meat) surface microorganism；Chilled meat base in storehouse during stage 5,6
Originally environment temperature reduction can not be made, so when compressor start, temperature is reduced to after less than 21 DEG C and stopped；Meat is basic during stage 10
Thawing and complete, storehouse temperature is higher, starts refrigerating plant after temperature is higher than 10 DEG C, stops after temperature is reduced into less than 6 DEG C,
Trunk (meat) radiating makes environment in storehouse be again started up refrigerating plant after rising above 10 DEG C, keeps 60min；Into fresh-keeping, electricity steaming
Boiler furnace and refrigerating plant control storehouse temperature maintain 0-4 DEG C and completed until thawing.
The defrosting parameter of 1 N of trunk of table
| Stage | Negative catalysis temperature (DEG C) | The negative catalysis time (min) | Change the wind time (min) |
| 1 | 12-15 | 60 | 5 |
| 2 | 15-18 | 60 | 5 |
| 3 | 17-20 | 60 | 10 |
| 4 | 19-22 | 90 | 15 |
| 5 | 21-24 | 90 | 15 |
| 6 | 21-24 | 90 | 15 |
| 7 | 18-21 | 90 | 15 |
| 8 | 15-18 | 60 | 10 |
| 9 | 10-15 | 60 | 10 |
| 10 | 6-10 | 60 | 10 |
| It is fresh-keeping | 2-6 | 60 | - |
Compared with naturally to thaw, this defrozing silo all takes in the thawing time of meat, defrosting loss, color and luster, texture etc.
Preferable effect was obtained, the results are shown in Table 2.
The intelligent defrozing silo defrosting ox trunk effect of table 2 compares
As shown in Table 2, intelligent defrosting group thawing time reduces one times, has effectively facilitated recycling for defrozing silo；Intelligence
The group that can thaw is lost without thawing；Color and luster brightness value L * is higher than naturally to thaw group, and red scale value a* is less than naturally to thaw group, it may be possible to by
In naturally to thaw group, open-assembly time is long at normal temperatures, and brightness value is relatively low after surface is dried and red scale value is higher, and intelligence is thawed
Group adjusts the change of its humidity in course of defrosting, and it shows to keep moistening, and preferably maintain meat shows color and luster and quality；Cutting
In terms of shear force, intelligent defrosting group is also low compared with naturally to thaw group, illustrates that its tenderness is preferable, and to sum up, intelligent defrosting group defrosting effect is excellent
In naturally to thaw group.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted in specification and embodiment listed
With it can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely, can be easily for those skilled in the art
Other modification is realized, therefore under the universal limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, it is of the invention and unlimited
In specific details and shown here as the embodiment with description.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. chilled meat intelligence defrozing silo, it is characterised in that：The intelligent defrozing silo includes electrical system, air circulation system System, humidity control system, temperature control system, humiture data acquisition system, microcomputer-recognized intelligent control system, can realize intelligence Defrozing silo temperature, humidity, the parameter of wind speed can be regulated and controled, by the heating rate and meat surface and the meat center that control raw meat Thermograde is realized；The air circulation system includes inner loop and inner-outer circulation two systems, and inner loop is by circulation wind cabinet, centrifugation wind Machine and circulation air path are formed, wherein circulation wind cabinet carries heat-preserving wall, circulation air path is the design of falling U shape, and with air-supply Adjusting means, two Lateral supplies from storehouse, middle return air, return air duct design 1-2 rows, make wind circulation in storehouse uniform all the time；It is inside and outside The circulatory system is by exhaust fan, air intake control valve, air draft control valve, fresh wind tube, backwind tube and intelligence alternating air-supply adjusting means Composition, fresh wind tube and backwind tube are located at the both sides in storehouse, and fresh wind tube can also overlap with circulate in the wind road, air outlet installation air draft wind Machine, air outlet are the control of intelligent electric air-valve with programming alternately exhaust apparatus, fresh wind tube and backwind tube is automatically controlled；The temperature control system mainly includes heating system and refrigeration system, and heating system mainly cleans steam as Jie using low pressure Matter, and controlled by multiple steam valve groups, the circulating path of throttled steam is consistent with air circulation path, is two parallel pipes Road, vapor inlet port are conical design, as air circulating system circulates humidification heating in storehouse；The evaporator installation of refrigeration system In circulating in wind cabinet, as wind circulation makes to cool in storehouse after compressor start；The compressor of defrozing silo is provided with delayed startup, after storehouse temperature reaches the design temperature upper limit because of the inertia of low-pressure steam Compressor is just opened when can not be dropped in 5min in setting range, avoids compressor from opening frequent.
- 2. intelligent defrozing silo according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The humiture data acquisition system is included at least 7 Temperature Humidity Sensors, detection project comprise at least environment temperature in storehouse, ambient humidity, raw meat skin temperature, raw material in storehouse Meat central temperature, return air inlet temperature, compressor exhaust temperature, suction temperature.
- 3. intelligent defrozing silo according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Environment temperature sensor at least two wherein in storehouse, Can mutually it correct automatically.
- 4. intelligent defrozing silo according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The defrozing silo temperature controlling range be 0 DEG C~ 40 DEG C, humid control scope is 0~100%.
- 5. intelligent defrozing silo according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The microcomputer-recognized intelligent control system includes multiple Thaw routine, each program setting multiple defrosting stages, according to the defrosting parameter of each program of setting, defrozing silo automatic running Thaw routine, which thaws chilled meat, arrives cold fresh meat state, and defrosting final temperature is arranged to -1 ± 1 DEG C according to post-production demand.
- 6. intelligent defrozing silo according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The equipment operation control model includes temperature control Molding formula and time control pattern.Wherein temp-controled mode is by being inserted in two temperature sensors on raw meat top layer and center Detect the temperature of raw meat, the operation of controller automatic decision operation phase and control device；Time control pattern passes through setting The automatic running of the run time control device of the different phase of program.
- A kind of 7. defreezing method for freezing ox trunk, it is characterised in that：Completed using the intelligent defrozing silos of one of claim 1-6, Described defrosting step is as follows：It will treat that defrosting ox trunk is hung on track or being placed in unwheeling first, 30min is by electric steam boiler before starting to thaw Open, prepare the steam of abundance, avoid initial temperature in storehouse too low, steam deficiency is insufficient to allow storehouse temperature to rise to setting temperature Degree；For treating that defrosting raw material sets thaw routine in microcomputer-recognized intelligent control system, program parameter is as follows：First stage, delay It is 12 DEG C -15 DEG C to change temperature, and the negative catalysis time is 60min, and it is 5min to change the wind time；Second stage, negative catalysis temperature are 15 DEG C -18 DEG C, the negative catalysis time is 60min, and it is 5min to change the wind time；Phase III, negative catalysis temperature are 17 DEG C -20 DEG C, and the negative catalysis time is 60min, it is 10min to change the wind time；Fourth stage, negative catalysis temperature are 19 DEG C -22 DEG C, and the negative catalysis time is 90min, change the wind time and are 15min；5th stage, negative catalysis temperature are 21 DEG C -24 DEG C, and the negative catalysis time is 90min, and it is 15min to change the wind time；6th stage, Negative catalysis temperature is 21 DEG C -24 DEG C, and the negative catalysis time is 90min, and it is 15min to change the wind time；7th stage, negative catalysis temperature be 18 DEG C- 21 DEG C, the negative catalysis time is 90min, and it is 15min to change the wind time；8th stage, negative catalysis temperature are 15 DEG C -18 DEG C, and the negative catalysis time is 60min, it is 10min to change the wind time；9th stage, negative catalysis temperature are 10 DEG C -15 DEG C, and the negative catalysis time is 60min, change the wind time and are 10min；Tenth stage, negative catalysis temperature are 6 DEG C -10 DEG C, and the negative catalysis time is 60min, and it is 10min to change the wind time；In the fresh-keeping stage, delay It is 2 DEG C -6 DEG C to change temperature, and the negative catalysis time is 60min；Start defrozing silo electrical system after determining thaw routine, while also start internal air circulating system, it is cold due to being filled in storehouse Frozen meat, cause environment temperature in storehouse too low, start electric steam boiler first, after storehouse temperature is reached 15 DEG C of the setting of stage 1 Close, meat temperature is low to cool automatically for freezing in storehouse, storehouse temperature less than 12 DEG C after be again started up electric steam boiler, it is past with this It is multiple, after keeping 60min in the range of 12~15 DEG C, change wind 5min；Into the stage 2, electric steam boiler, which starts, reaches storehouse temperature Closed after to 18 DEG C, chilled meat is again started up electric steam boiler automatically in storehouse after cooling is less than 15 DEG C, after keeping 60min, changes wind 5min；By that analogy, the stage 5,6 reaches the environment highest temperature, is quickly thawed using the gradient temperature difference on trunk center and top layer, Stage 5 must carry out changing wind later, because continuous high temperature can cause growing for trunk (meat) surface microorganism；Storehouse during stage 5,6 Interior chilled meat can not make environment temperature reduction substantially, so when compressor start, temperature is reduced to after less than 21 DEG C and stopped；Stage Meat thaws and completed substantially when 10, and storehouse temperature is higher, starts refrigerating plant after temperature is higher than 10 DEG C, temperature is reduced into 6 Stop after below DEG C, trunk radiating makes environment in storehouse be again started up refrigerating plant after rising above 10 DEG C, keeps 60min；Into Fresh-keeping, electric steam boiler and refrigerating plant control storehouse temperature maintains 2-6 DEG C, maintains 60min, is completed to thawing.
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