CN104820174B - The partial discharge of transformer detecting system of fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor array - Google Patents
The partial discharge of transformer detecting system of fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor array Download PDFInfo
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- CN104820174B CN104820174B CN201510204898.9A CN201510204898A CN104820174B CN 104820174 B CN104820174 B CN 104820174B CN 201510204898 A CN201510204898 A CN 201510204898A CN 104820174 B CN104820174 B CN 104820174B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of partial discharge of transformer detecting systems for the fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor array for belonging to power transformer apparatus local discharge on-line monitoring technique field.Partial discharge detecting system is made of by narrow-band light source, optical filter, optical branching device, 4 optical circulators, 4 single mode optical fibers, 4 fiber external cavity formula F-P sensors and 4 photodetectors, 4 amplifiers and oscillograph；Two of which fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor is placed in transformer top thermometric slot oil, other two is placed in the flange groove of transformer top both sides, and slot structure is equivalent to ultrasonic signal collector.For removing angular response, enhancing signal and inside transformer oil pressure being avoided to influence.High sensitivity of the present invention, signal collection ability is strong, easy to operate, strong antijamming capability；Transformer partial discharge situation can also be detected well by not needing to additional supplementary structure.Fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor sensitivity is higher, can detect faint local discharge signal.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power transformer apparatus local discharge on-line monitoring technique field, more particularly to a kind of fiber external cavity
The partial discharge of transformer detecting system of formula F-P sensor array.
Background technology
Partial discharge of transformer on-line monitoring is there are many method both at home and abroad at present, mainly including very high frequency(VHF) (VHF) pulse electricity
Detection method, hyperfrequency (UHF) Electromagnetic Wave Detection method and piezoelectric transducer ultrasonic Detection Method are flowed, wherein VHF and UHF detection methods are examined
What is surveyed is electric signal, is easily interfered by electromagnetic interference signal；The detection of piezoelectric supersonic method is ultrasonic signal, but sensor
It is attached on device housings, the ultrasonic signal that shelf depreciation generates inside detection device is made an uproar although being not easily susceptible to electromagnetism
The interference of sound, but sensitivity is not high.Also there is the inside that piezoelectric transducer is placed on to device housings, detect shelf depreciation in the oil
, but due to piezo ultrasound transducers, detection sensitivity is not also high in the oil, while cannot be placed on current potential higher position and measure,
It is restricted its detection method.
There are three types of the technologies of optical method for measuring local discharge of electrical equipment --- direct detection visible ray method, faraday's magnetic
Luminous effect method and light-supercritical ultrasonics technology.Direct detection visible ray method is suitable only for the high pressure by the use of transparent dielectric as insulating materials
Electrical equipment, be not suitable for using solid dielectric, liquid dielectric as the high-voltage electrical equipment of insulating materials shelf depreciation
Detection；Light current sensor based on Faraday magnetooptical effect principle is only suitable for the part of the high-voltage electrical equipment of fixed shape
Discharge examination, and the high-intensity magnetic field interference from site space cannot be excluded and can not be distinguished from high-voltage electrical equipment ground wire
The electromagnetic pulse signal of crosstalk；Light-supercritical ultrasonics technology sensor has that small, loss is low, interferes small, good insulation preformance and explosion-proof
Etch-proof advantage and be with a wide range of applications.
Light-supercritical ultrasonics technology includes fiber grating and surveys ultrasonic vibration method and light interference survey ultrasonic vibration method, fiber optic interferometric method
Surveying ultrasonic vibration, there are three types of methods：Fiber optic Michelson (Michelson) interferometry, optical fiber mach-Ze Deer interference (Mach-
Zehnder) method and Fabry Perot (Fabry-Perot) interferometry.The sensitivity of Michelson method detecting system is not high, and
There are problems that the multipath of ultrasonic propagation；The response of optical fiber mach-Ze Deer interferometries frequency, demodulation frequency is not high enough, complicated,
To equipment requirement height；Optical fiber Fabry Perot rule has simple in structure, small, high reliability, highly sensitive, the fast time
The advantages that response, strong antijamming capability, is by the universal concern of people.
Optical fiber EFPI (extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer, the external cavity type method of studies in China at present
Fabry-Perot interferometric sensor), it is mainly used for the measurement of the gradual amount such as temperature, strain, pressure, it is quick is still not suitable for high frequency
Partial Discharge Detection.
Fiber external cavity formula enamel amber sensing head shown in Fig. 2 is by optical fiber 01, insulating support 02, silicon casing 03 and silicon thin film piece 04
Composition realizes fixing seal, insulating support between silicon thin film piece 04 and silicon casing 03 by the method that carbon dioxide laser heats
Fixing seal and insulating support 02 and optical fiber 01 are realized by the method that carbon dioxide laser heats between 02 and silicon casing 03
Fixing seal, (to ensure in the manufacturing process of sensing head) silicon thin film piece 04 are realized by the method that carbon dioxide laser heats
Center be aligned with the center of optical fiber.5 fiber external cavity formula enamel ambers pass in compound eye type optical fiber EFPI partial discharge detecting systems
Sense head is disposed angularly in the partial discharge position of tested electrical equipment, forms compound eye type sensor detection shelf depreciation system.
The fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor of studies in China is mainly used for the measurement of the gradual amount such as temperature, strain, pressure, is still not suitable for height
The detection of the quick shelf depreciation of frequency.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of partial discharge of transformer detections of fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor array
System, which is characterized in that the fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor array partial discharge detection system is filtered by narrow-band light source, light
Device, optical branching device, 4 optical circulators, 4 single mode optical fibers, 4 fiber external cavity formula F-P sensors and by 4 photodetectors,
4 amplifiers and oscillograph composition；Two of which fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor is placed in transformer top thermometric slot oil,
Other two is placed in the flange groove of transformer top both sides；The narrow-band light source and optical filter and optical branching device phase successively
Even, optical branching device point 4 tunnels successively, corresponding connect with 4 optical circulators, 4 single mode optical fibers and 4 fiber external cavity formula F-P sensors
It connects, wherein 4 fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor composition fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor arrays；In optical branching device and 4 light
Between circulator, 4 optical circulators are sequentially connected again with corresponding 4 photodetectors, 4 amplifiers respectively；Four identical
Amplifier be connected with oscillograph.
The thermometric slot in transformer top is oppositely arranged.
The flange groove in transformer top both sides is oppositely arranged.
The photodetector is PIN photodiode.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows for partial discharge monitoring, high-frequency signal can be delicately measured, is had such as
Lower feature：
1. with high sensitivity, the characteristics of signal collection ability is strong, easy to operate, strong antijamming capability, it can inhibit ultrasonic
The influence that vibration multipath propagation is brought.And since sensor probe is small, a kind of point sensor can be used as, is easily installed
The detection of shelf depreciation is carried out in transformer top thermometric slot and flange groove oil.
2. fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor is mounted in thermometric slot and flange groove oil, inside transformer is not only eliminated
Influence of the oil pressure to transducer sensitivity and service life, while trough body structure is equivalent to a ultrasonic signal collector, transformation
The ultrasonic signal that device shelf depreciation generates is traveled to by transformer oil or transformer solid structure on trough body structure, groove body knot
Structure collector collects signal and passes through transformer oil in slot and reaches sensing head so that the signal that sensor receives at this time no longer with
Angle between source location and sensing head quartz diaphragm vertical direction has relationship, and sensor can receive stronger ultrasound
Signal, the partial discharge detection sensitivity of intensifier.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor partial discharge of transformer detecting system structure diagram.
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of existing single fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor.
Fig. 3 is optical fiber external cavity type F-P sensor partial discharge of transformer detecting system mounting arrangements signal on transformer
Figure.
Fig. 4 is placement schematic diagram of the fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor in transformer thermometric/flange groove.
Wherein, 1- narrow-band light sources, 2- optical filters, 3- optical branching devices, 4- optical circulators, 5 single mode optical fibers, 6- fiber external cavities
Formula enamel amber sensing head, 7- photodetectors, 8- amplifiers, 9- oscillographs, 10- external cavity type F-P sensor arrays, 01- optical fiber,
02- insulating supports, 03- silicon casings, 04- silicon thin film pieces.
Specific embodiment
The present invention proposes a kind of partial discharge of transformer detecting system of fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor array, below
The present invention is described further in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the partial discharge of transformer detecting system structure diagram of fiber external cavity formula enamel pa sensor array.Such as Fig. 1
Shown, fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor partial discharge detecting system is by narrow-band light source 1, optical filter 2, optical branching device 3,4
7,48 and of amplifier of the fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor 6 of single mode optical fiber 5,4 of optical circulator 4,4 and 4 photodetectors
Oscillograph 9 forms；Two of which fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor 6 is placed on 12 oil of thermometric slot that transformer top is oppositely arranged
In, other two is placed in the flange groove 13 that transformer top both sides are oppositely arranged (as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4)；The narrow band light
Source 1, optical filter 2 and optical branching device 3 are sequentially connected, optical branching device 3 divide 4 tunnels successively, the corresponding optical circulator identical with 4
4th, 4 identical single mode optical fibers 5 and 4 identical fiber external cavity formula F-P sensors 6 connect, wherein 4 fiber external cavity formula enamels
Amber sensor composition fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor array 10；Between optical branching device and 4 optical circulators, 4 ring of light shapes
Device 4 is sequentially connected again with corresponding 4 photodetectors, 7,4 amplifiers 8 respectively；Four identical amplifiers are and oscillograph
9 (four-way oscillographs) are connected.
Illustrate so that wavelength is scheduled on the monochromatic source of 1310nm as an example, a kind of transformation based on fiber external cavity formula enamel pa sensor
Device partial discharge detecting system, the system structure are：
1) wavelength is scheduled on the monochromatic source of 1310nm, and monochromatic wavelength is obtained by filtration by optical fiber filter by narrow-band light source 1
Light source.Narrow-band light source 1 selects SLED type light sources, and wave filter selects 1310nm fiber band-pass filters.
2) fiber selection 1310nm single mode optical fibers, center glass core diameter 9um, covering overall diameter 125um.It sends out after tested
At present 1310nm wavelength, the total dispersion of single mode optical fiber is zero.It is also optical fiber from the point of view of the loss characteristic of optical fiber, at 1310nm
One low loss window.So selection light source selection of the present invention is at 1310nm.
3) photodetector 7 selects PIN photodiode, has the good linearity of incident light quantity and output current；Response speed
Degree is fast；Output error is small；Output caused by variation of ambient temperature changes small；It makes simple；The characteristics of reliability is high.
4) optical fiber circulator is only to allow that the incident light of certain port is exported from determining port and reflected light is defeated from another port
The non-reciprocal device gone out.To ensure that optical fiber is propagated along specified path, optical circulator 4 need to be used.
5) due to manufacturing technology at this stage, the hardware devices such as narrow-band light source 1, optical filter 2 are in process
It cannot be guaranteed that parameter is completely the same, signal input also has dispersibility, therefore, to reduce the dispersibility of test result as far as possible,
It needs to select optical branching device 3.
6) amplifier 8 of the photoelectricity of system design is amplified using three-level, wherein every grade of amplifying circuit is consistent, is connected
Come.
7) fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor position design
Present invention firstly provides fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor is placed in transformer thermometric slot and flange groove, to transformation
Shelf depreciation is monitored on-line inside device, and trough body structure is equivalent to signal collector, is passed avoiding fiber external cavity formula enamel amber
Sensor eliminates the angular response of fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor while influence by inside transformer oil pressure.In reasonable cloth
In the case of putting four fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor positions, effectively local discharge signal can be avoided to be hindered by transformer device structure
It blocks, and the carry out partial discharge position judgement that energy is rough.
[performance verification experiment]:
The present invention sensing head performance can by the F-P sensor of single-path optical fiber external cavity type shown in Fig. 1 detecting system into
Row test.In lab setup paper oil insulation defect partial discharge model, pass through pulse current method PD meter detecting system, piezoelectricity
Ceramic sensor element system and single-path optical fiber external cavity type F-P sensor detecting system measure local discharge signal simultaneously respectively.
There are electromagnetic interferences or testing transformer after zero load is pressurized to 17kV, in environment to generate transaudient electromagnetic interference letter
Number, PD meter detects discharge signal, and optical fiber ultrasonic sensor is right therewith without ultrasonic signal with piezoceramic transducer
Should, this also illustrates ultrasonic sensor has good anti-electromagnetic interference capability, and fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor phase
There is better antijamming capability than piezoceramic transducer.Simultaneously it can be seen that piezoelectric ceramics dough softening opposed optical fibers external cavity type
F-P sensor attenuation is very fast, has been substantially not detectable local discharge signal at 30cm, and fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor
Larger discharge signal is still able to detect that in the distance apart from partial discharge source 75cm, this proves fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor
Sensitivity is higher, can detect faint local discharge signal.
Present invention firstly provides fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor is placed in transformer top thermometric slot and flange groove
It realizes the method for partial discharge of transformer on-line monitoring, and corresponding detecting system can be devised.The present invention has high sensitivity, letter
The characteristics of number capacity gauge is strong, easy to operate, strong antijamming capability, the influence that ultrasonic vibration multipath propagation can be inhibited to bring.
Sensor is mounted in thermometric slot and flange groove oil, not only eliminates inside transformer oil pressure to transducer sensitivity and use
The influence in service life, while trough body structure is equivalent to a ultrasonic signal collector, the ultrasonic signal that partial discharge of transformer generates
It is traveled on trough body structure by transformer oil or transformer solid structure, trough body structure collector collects signal and passes through slot
Middle transformer oil reaches sensing head so that the signal that sensing head receives at this time no longer with source location and sensing head quartz film
Angle between piece vertical direction has relationship, and sensor can receive stronger ultrasonic signal, the partial discharge detection of intensifier
Sensitivity.The present invention can delicately measure high-frequency signal, for partial discharge monitoring.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of partial discharge of transformer detecting system based on fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor array, the fiber external cavity formula
The partial discharge detecting system of F-P sensor array by narrow-band light source, optical filter, optical branching device, 4 optical circulators, 4
Single mode optical fiber, 4 fiber external cavity formula F-P sensors, 4 photodetectors, 4 amplifiers and oscillograph composition；Its feature exists
In two fiber external cavity formula F-P sensors are placed in transformer top thermometric slot oil in the partial discharge detecting system, separately
Outer two are placed in the flange groove of transformer top both sides；Wherein, the thermometric slot of transformer top is oppositely arranged, transformer top
The flange groove of both sides is oppositely arranged；The narrow-band light source, optical filter and optical branching device are sequentially connected, optical branching device point 4 tunnels according to
Secondary, correspondence is connect with 4 optical circulators, 4 single mode optical fibers and 4 fiber external cavity formula F-P sensors, wherein 4 fiber external cavities
Formula F-P sensor forms fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor array；Between optical branching device and 4 optical circulators, 4 rings of light
Shape device is sequentially connected again with corresponding 4 photodetectors, 4 amplifiers respectively；Four identical amplifiers are and oscillograph
It is connected；The photodetector is PIN photodiode.
2. a kind of partial discharge of transformer detection based on fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor array according to claim 1
System, which is characterized in that the narrow-band light source is the monochromatic source that SLED type wavelength is 1310nm.
3. a kind of partial discharge of transformer detection based on fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor array according to claim 1
System, which is characterized in that the optical filter is 1310nm fiber band-pass filters.
4. a kind of partial discharge of transformer detection based on fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor array according to claim 1
System, which is characterized in that the single mode optical fiber be 1310nm single mode optical fibers, 9 μm of center glass core diameter, covering overall diameter
125μm。
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| CN105222881B (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2018-09-11 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of multichannel optical fiber surround Launch Detection System based on heterodyne method |
| CN106895902A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2017-06-27 | 珠海多监测科技有限公司 | Ultrasonic collecting device based on optical fiber EFPI sensors |
| CN105629143A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-06-01 | 国家电网公司 | Optical method-Perot partial discharge sensor installation method at large-scale power transformer clamp member portion |
| CN108445362A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-24 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Shelf depreciation ultrasonic signal detecting system based on optical fiber sensing technology and method |
| CN113589113B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2023-01-31 | 重庆大学 | Local discharge multi-frequency combined sensing array based on optical fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer |
| CN114062870A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-02-18 | 华北电力大学 | GIS partial discharge acoustic-optical-electric joint detection composite sensor |
| CN114280436B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2024-01-19 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | F-P ultrasonic sensor array implantation device for monitoring partial discharge of power equipment |
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| CN101303300A (en) * | 2008-05-27 | 2008-11-12 | 重庆大学 | Minitype optical fiber F-P sensor, manufacturing method and liquid tester based on sensor |
| CN102003977A (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2011-04-06 | 厦门大学 | Multi-wavelength optical fiber sensor based on Fabry-Perot cavity |
| CN103217632A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2013-07-24 | 上海大学 | Point contact type optical fiber ultrasonic sensor |
| CN103234620A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2013-08-07 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Extrinsic optical-fiber F-B (fabry-perot) acoustic-emission sensor, ultrasonic detector containing sensor and use method of detector |
| CN103472378B (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2016-02-24 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of all-fiber Partial Discharge in Power Transformer detection system and detection method thereof |
| CN104062568B (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2017-03-01 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of compound eye type optical fiber EFPI shelf depreciation angle detecting system |
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