CN104819669B - Medium-length hole blasting method - Google Patents

Medium-length hole blasting method Download PDF

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CN104819669B
CN104819669B CN201510195546.1A CN201510195546A CN104819669B CN 104819669 B CN104819669 B CN 104819669B CN 201510195546 A CN201510195546 A CN 201510195546A CN 104819669 B CN104819669 B CN 104819669B
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blasting
hole
charge
explosive
crust
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CN104819669A (en
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陈卫
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of medium-length hole blasting method, comprise the following steps: check measurement, dynamite charge before boring, powder charge, dispose and lead quick-fried, priming device, quick-fried priming device is led in ignition.The present invention is suitable for mechanized charging and the application of on-site explosive Mixing charge, realize the optimal coupling of explosive and blasthole hole wall, prevent the explosive leakage waste caused because of underground opening, crack, eliminate the potential safety hazard caused because of the hole type patent medicine kettle that is connected with big gun hole, reduce manual work risk, improve the utilization rate of explosive.

Description

Medium-length hole blasting method
Technical field
The present invention relates to engineering explosion field, particularly relate to medium-length hole blasting method.
Background technology
Along with mechanized charging and the popularization of on-site explosive Mixing charge, the level of security of blasting engineering and machinery Change degree achieves breakthrough progress.Along with the raising of world technology level, blasting engineering quotes machinery Automation equipment is inevitable development trend.
The main process of medium-length hole blasting, is to be transported to inside blasting hole by explosive, then uses initiating equipment Ignition fulfils assignment.But, current explosive shape is broadly divided into powdery, pulpous state and aqueous three classes, is inciting somebody to action When explosive is transported in blasting hole, due to can exist under the conditions of different engineering geological various different hole and Crack, big gun hole becomes Great possibility, hole and crack through the hole crack in ground and connects with big gun hole, The explosive loading big gun hole flows in hole and crack, and explosive will certainly be caused to leak, or the hole adjacent in big gun hole In crack, hole, form medicine kettle, change burden, form potential safety hazard, or cause the waste of explosive.
At present, in all kinds of surface mines, stone pit and other outdoor medium-length hole blasting operation, big gun hole checks Exist invisible, it is impossible to survey, or use expensive acoustic detection device, but detection data is reliable Property is not good enough.The dynamite charge overwhelming majority uses manual method, is disclosed one by one by package finished explosive products with tamper Enter big gun hole, then clog aperture.This method powder stick is poor with big gun hole wall coupling, and labor strength is big, makees Industry inefficiency, the dangerous height of workman's operation simultaneously.Also part is had to use mechanization loading mode by bulk Explosive directly inputs the method in big gun hole, but cannot tackle the internal hole crack existed, big gun hole, causes explosive Leakage waste, efficiency degradation, more cannot eliminate formation medicine kettle in the hole being connected with big gun hole and be caused Potential safety hazard.
Just because of the existence of problem above, seriously constrain the development of medium-length hole blasting mechanized charging, special It not the popularization and application of on-site explosive this advanced technology of mixed explosive.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, for the problems referred to above, it is necessary to propose a kind of medium-length hole blasting method, in big gun hole point The hole crack of cloth, uses blasting charge crust to be introduced directly into inside blasting hole and carries out dynamite charge, eliminate Because explosive leakage and medicine kettle form the potential safety hazard caused, it is suitable for mechanized charging and on-site explosive loads in mixture skill The application of art, it is to avoid Traditional Man operation is inefficient, reduces manual work risk, adds the profit of explosive By rate.
The technical scheme is that a kind of medium-length hole blasting method, comprise the following steps:
A, boring: use rig downward Drilling blasting hole, set blasting hole diameter d=50mm~ 400mm, blast hole depth l=5m~30m, blasting hole is positioned at straight line and the horizontal plane angle α of its length direction =45 °~90 °;
Check measurement before b, powder charge: whether the detection diameter of blasting hole, the degree of depth, gradient reach to design is wanted Ask, observe, shoot and position the hole within blasting hole and crack, determine corresponding explosion disposal method;
C, dynamite charge: for the hole crack of distribution in big gun hole, lay outside the blasting charge bottom blasting hole Skin, and outside the blasting charge Intradermal fill the most bottom-up preset explosive charge, filled after seal formation The blasting charge;Inert material is laid as the wall between two blastings charge above the blasting charge after sealing;From Under supreme be arranged alternately the blasting charge and wall successively until blasting hole is preset at blocking position;
Quick-fried, priming device is led in d, arrangement: arranges in blasting hole and leads quick-fried, priming device, and uses tamper The opening part of blasting hole is blocked;
Quick-fried priming device is led in e, ignition.
In the present invention, in the big gun hole being drilled under different engineering geological condition, there is the connection of hole crack Situation, after blasting hole Drilling completes, also need to detect device to the position of blasting hole, blast hole depth, The parameter such as hole within blasthole diameter and big gun hole and fractured zones inspects for acceptance, then to being drilled Borehole carries out scarfing cinder and draining.
The powder charge process of the present invention is to use mechanized charging, first to blasting hole internal importing blasting charge crust, Again by the powder charge machine explosive charge that intradermal delivery is preset outside the blasting charge, powder charge is complete, and direct envelope is formed The blasting charge, then above the blasting charge, lay the isolation as adjacent two blastings charge of the one layer of inert material sealing coat Band, can the fill blasting charge again on sealing coat.The present invention adapts to the requirement of loading machinery, also improves simultaneously Working performance.
Preferably, before carrying out step a, also include design and determine the parameter of blasting hole, explosive Dosage and the modes of emplacement of the blasting charge, owing to blasthole diameter and the corresponding blasting charge of explosion ground are straight There is vital impact in footpath on blasting engineering, so, in explosion early stage, the diameter of design blasting hole, The degree of depth, Holespacing and array pitch, explosive kind and the number of blasting hole, arrangement mode and arrangement position Blasting engineering is had vital effect.
Preferably, between step a and b, also include cleaning rock slag within blasting hole and waste liquid, no The blasting hole got with the rock-soil layer of geology is different, there will be big inside the blasting hole that some areas are got The hydrops of amount, in order to not affect blasting quality, before blasting charge bag, it is necessary to by internal rock slag and hydrops Clean out.
Preferably, described step b also includes step in detailed below:
B1, with ocular estimate observe blasting hole profile whether have deformation or subside;
B2, with inside caliper measure blasting hole diameter, with measure the fathom amount blasting hole degree of depth, utilization is inclined Slope-measuring instrument is measured blasting hole and is positioned at straight line and the horizontal plane angle α of its length direction;
B3, utilize the detection equipment of band photographic head, transfer to blasting hole internal observation, shoot and position quick-fried Break the hole within big gun hole and crack;
B4, according to the image parameter that collects, determine the processing scheme in hole crack within blasting hole.
Preferably, described step c also includes step in detailed below:
C1, to blasting hole laid inside blasting charge crust;
C2, loading pipeline Intradermal outside the blasting charge is utilized successively by the explosive of bottom up fill predetermined amount, to make The outer surface of blasting charge crust is fitted with blasting hole inwall gapless;
C3, by blasting charge crust seal, formed the blasting charge.
Preferably, described blasting charge crust is flexible protective film bag, flexible material can preferably ensure explosive and Blasting hole inwall gapless is fitted, and this structure can maximally utilise the energy of explosive release.
Preferably, the position that hole Fracture Width is bigger at big gun hole depth, use 2 layers or layer flexible protection Film bag does blasting charge crust.To ensure that the intensity of blasting charge crust can bear explosive and multiple-row blasting thing in big gun hole The static pressure produced, it is ensured that medicated bag will not rupture, eliminates because explosive leakage and medicine kettle form the potential safety hazard caused Meanwhile, make explosive not leak, stably detonate, propagation of explosion.
Preferably, the thickness of described blasting charge crust is 0.03mm~2mm, and present explosive is mainly powdery Explosive, bulk explosive, three kinds of forms of aqueous explosive, the thickness degree of blasting charge crust also directly affects explosive Laminating degree with blasting hole inwall.The blasting charge and the good coupling of blasting hole, it is ensured that during explosive charge The energy produced is on the wall of blasting hole so that it is given play to optimum efficiency and usefulness, to greatest extent profit With releasing energy of explosive.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) use flexible protective film bag as blasting charge crust, it is to avoid explosive leaks to big gun hole inner void, Ensure simultaneously explosive in blasting hole with the optimal coupling of blasting hole inwall so that it is can land productivity to greatest extent With releasing energy of explosive;
(2) in the internal directly fill of blasting hole, the poor efficiency of Traditional Man powder charge is changed;
(3) it is suitable for mechanized charging, is particularly suitable for the application of on-site explosive Mixing charge, improve explosion and make The efficiency of industry;
(4) reduce manual work risk, improve the utilization rate of explosive;
(5) effectively prevent explosive in powder charge process from leaking into the hole type patent medicine kettle being connected with big gun hole, thoroughly disappear Except medicine kettle changes the potential safety hazard that burden causes.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the detection device schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 4;
Fig. 3 is the camera assembly schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 4;
Fig. 4 is the blasting agent mixing transport vehicle charge constitution schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 5;
In figure, 10-camera assembly, 20-pulls rope, 30-human-computer interaction device, 40-blasting hole, and 50-explodes Medicated bag crust, 60-explosive, 70-loading pipeline, 80-blasting agent mixing transport vehicle.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are described in detail.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of medium-length hole blasting method, as it is shown in figure 1, comprise the following steps:
S1, boring: use rig downward Drilling blasting hole, set blasting hole diameter d=50mm~ 400mm, blast hole depth l=5m~30m, blasting hole is positioned at straight line and the horizontal plane angle α of its length direction =45 °~90 °;
Check measurement before S2, powder charge: whether the detection diameter of blasting hole, the degree of depth, gradient reach design Requirement, observes, shoots and positions the hole within blasting hole and crack, determines corresponding explosion disposal method;
S3, dynamite charge: for the hole crack of distribution in big gun hole, lay the blasting charge bottom blasting hole Crust, and outside the blasting charge Intradermal fill the most bottom-up preset explosive charge, filled after seal shape Become the blasting charge;Inert material is laid as the wall between two blastings charge above the blasting charge after sealing; It is arranged alternately the blasting charge and wall the most successively until blasting hole is preset at blocking position;
Quick-fried, priming device is led in S4, arrangement: arranges in blasting hole and leads quick-fried, priming device, and with blocking The opening part of blasting hole is blocked by thing;
Quick-fried priming device is led in S5, ignition.
Specifically, as in Bench mining in the open, owing to blasthole diameter and the corresponding blasting charge of rock are straight There is vital impact in footpath on blasting work, so, in explosion early stage, blasting hole also should be designed The number of diameter, the degree of depth, inclination angle and blasting hole, arrangement mode and arrangement position.The present embodiment is with quick-fried Broken blasthole diameter is 150mm, and the blasting hole degree of depth is 15m, and the angle of blasting hole and horizontal plane is 90 ° and is Example.The method using the present invention, first clears up burst region, then punches with rig, this reality Execute the punching of example preferred hidden hole drilling.
The most current medium-length hole blasting engineering charging, the most obvious shortcoming is exactly mechanization degree total water Flat the highest, hand labor intensity is big, and work efficiency is low, therefore, and the introducing of mechanized equipment, and solve Wherein there is the progress that bottlenecks is a great-leap-forward for blasting engineering.
Further, also need to do homework before blasting hole powder charge, first to the diameter of blasting hole, The parameters such as the degree of depth carry out an acceptance inspection, and measure whether the position of blasting hole, quantity and the angle with horizontal plane accord with Close requirement, then the blasting hole being drilled is carried out scarfing cinder, clear water.
Further, also need to carry out the inspection work in inner void, crack, this enforcement before blasting hole powder charge Example preferably band photographic head and the detection equipment of measurement rope, utilize gravity extension to enter inside blasting hole, see Survey, shoot the size cases in inner void crack, and it is positioned.Finally utilize collect data, Image determines big gun hole disposal method.
Further, after confirming that blasting hole is qualified, charging work can be carried out.Must be according to during powder charge Pre-designed explosive payload loads.Charge constitution can be with continuous charging, it is also possible to spaced loading.This enforcement The preferred continuous charging of example, imports one layer of blasting charge crust inside blasting hole, described blasting charge crust Thickness is 0.2mm, utilizes loading pipeline from explosive transport vehicle to Intradermal fill explosive the blasting charge, and fill completes The formation blasting charge can be sealed.Whole powder charge process realizes in blasting hole, it is to avoid Traditional Man powder charge Poor efficiency, reduces labor strength.
Further, also need to lay one layer of inert material wall between adjacent two blastings charge so that it is Form discontinuous spaced loading structure.
Further, after blasting hole powder charge, remaining opening portion is typically necessary blocking, stemming length 4m, The purpose of blocking is to stop high temperature detonation gas product to go out aperture prematurely inside blasting hole, it is ensured that Explosive completely and forms higher detonation pressure at blasting hole internal-response, improves effective profit of explosion gas By rate, thus the energy giving full play to explosive carrys out fractured rock and improves blasting quality.The present embodiment preferably hinders Plug material carries out sealing blocking to blasting hole.Described blocking material generally uses Sha Heni in the proper ratio Rub up and make.
Further, quick-fried device is led in the employing of detonating of blasting hole, and the present embodiment preferably leads quick-fried device for leading Quick-fried rope.After confirming shotfiring safety, it is achieved ignite.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment is in place of the difference of embodiment 1, a diameter of 50mm of described blasting hole, explosion It is 45 ° with horizontal plane angle α that big gun hole is positioned at the straight line of its length direction, and the degree of depth of blasting hole is 5m, fried The thickness of medicated bag crust is 0.03mm.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment is in place of the difference of embodiment 1, a diameter of 400mm of described blasting hole, explosion It is 60 ° with horizontal plane angle α that big gun hole is positioned at the straight line of its length direction, and the degree of depth of blasting hole is 20m, The thickness of blasting charge crust is 2mm.
Embodiment 4:
The present embodiment is in place of the difference of embodiment 1, use following structure observation, shoot and position quick-fried Broken hole within big gun hole and crack:
Structure is detected, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, including by photographic head 101, illuminating lamp 102 described in the present embodiment With the camera assembly 10 of protective housing 103 composition, pull rope 20 and human-computer interaction device 30, described shooting 101 to be located at protective housing 103 internal, power supply described containment vessel is located at by the described illuminating lamp 102 powered The lens direction one of body 103 inside front, the illumination direction of described illuminating lamp 102 and described photographic head 101 Causing, the signal output part of described photographic head 101 is connected with the signal input part of described human-computer interaction device 30, Described camera assembly 10 with pull rope 20 one end is connected, described in pull restrict 20 the other end have and pull The union joint that device connects.
Structure described in the present embodiment is provided with protective housing and intensity adjustable illuminating lamp 102, protection shooting 101 from collsion damage, can control big gun hole interior lamp brightness simultaneously, improves image quality, can be with Time shooting blasting hole internal pictures and location positioning, it is achieved mode is simple.
Embodiment 5:
The present embodiment is in place of the difference of embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 4, uses blasting agent mixing transport vehicle 80 carry out powder charge, and its structure is:
The charge constitution of blasting agent mixing transport vehicle is used, including blasting hole 40, the blasting charge described in the present embodiment Crust 50 and loading pipeline 70, described blasting charge crust 50 is located at bottom blasting hole 40 and and blasting hole 40 inwall gapless laminatings, are provided with explosive 60 in blasting charge crust 50, one end of described loading pipeline 40 sets In blasting charge opening part, the other end is provided with the combining mechanism being connected with blasting agent mixing transport vehicle 80.
Structure described in the present embodiment is suitable for medium-length hole blasting mechanized charging, mixes especially with on-site explosive The powder charge of packing technique, improves efficiency, reduces the risk factor of hand labor intensity and manual work.
Blasting charge crust 50 described in the present embodiment is easy and the flexible protective film bag of blasting hole inwall laminating, To ensure the good coupling of explosive and blasting hole inwall, explosive 60 is allowed to play optimum efficiency and usefulness, can be Limits utilizes releasing energy of explosive 60.
Embodiment described above only have expressed the detailed description of the invention of the present invention, and it describes more concrete and detailed, But therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that, for this area Those of ordinary skill for, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some deformation and Improving, these broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a medium-length hole blasting method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A, boring: use rig downward Drilling blasting hole, set blasting hole diameter d=50mm~ 400mm, blast hole depth l=5m~30m, blasting hole is positioned at straight line and the horizontal plane angle α of its length direction =45 °~90 °;
Check measurement before b, powder charge: whether the detection diameter of blasting hole, the degree of depth, gradient reach to design is wanted Ask, observe, shoot and position the hole within blasting hole and crack, determine corresponding explosion disposal method;
C, dynamite charge: choose flexible protective film bag as blasting charge crust, and the thickness of this blasting charge crust For 0.03mm~2mm, for the hole crack of distribution in big gun hole, what bottom blasting hole, laying was chosen explodes Medicated bag crust, and the position that hole Fracture Width is bigger at big gun hole depth, lay 2 layers or layer flexible protection Film bag does blasting charge crust, the explosive charge that then Intradermal fill the most bottom-up is preset outside the blasting charge, After filled, sealing forms the blasting charge;Inert material is laid as two blastings charge above the blasting charge after sealing Between wall;It is arranged alternately the blasting charge and wall the most successively until blasting hole presets blocking Position;
Quick-fried, priming device is led in d, arrangement: arranges in blasting hole and leads quick-fried, priming device, and uses tamper The opening part of blasting hole is blocked;
Quick-fried priming device is led in e, ignition.
Medium-length hole blasting method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that before step a, also Comprise the following steps:
Design and determine the parameter of blasting hole, the dosage of explosive and the arrangement of the blasting charge.
Medium-length hole blasting method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step a and b it Between, further comprising the steps of:
Clear up the rock slag within blasting hole and waste liquid.
4. according to the medium-length hole blasting method described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that step b In, comprise the following steps:
B1, with ocular estimate observe blasting hole profile whether have deformation or subside;
B2, with inside caliper measure blasting hole diameter, with measure the fathom amount blasting hole degree of depth, utilization is inclined Slope-measuring instrument is measured blasting hole and is positioned at straight line and the horizontal plane angle α of its length direction;
B3, utilize the detection equipment of band photographic head, transfer to blasting hole internal observation, shoot and position quick-fried Break the hole within big gun hole and crack;
B4, according to the image parameter that collects, determine the processing scheme in hole crack within blasting hole.
5. according to the medium-length hole blasting method described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that step c In, comprise the following steps:
C1, to blasting hole laid inside blasting charge crust;
C2, loading pipeline Intradermal outside the blasting charge is utilized successively by the explosive of bottom up fill predetermined amount, to make The outer surface of blasting charge crust is fitted with blasting hole inwall gapless;
C3, by blasting charge crust seal, formed the blasting charge.
CN201510195546.1A 2015-04-23 2015-04-23 Medium-length hole blasting method Active CN104819669B (en)

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Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105651127B (en) * 2016-01-28 2017-04-12 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 Charge system for advance rock breaking of surface mine
CN109506528B (en) * 2017-09-14 2024-05-14 广东锡源***科技股份有限公司 Manual drainage device and method for open-air medium-length hole blasting

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2491692A (en) * 1945-11-08 1949-12-20 Edwin J Shimek Borehole explosive charge
US2920523A (en) * 1957-06-04 1960-01-12 Airmite Midwest Inc Method of charging water-filled blast holes with ammonium nitrate and primer cartridge used in same
CN102220866B (en) * 2011-04-17 2013-09-18 山东科技大学 Pressure relief and consolidation synergizing prevention and control method for rock burst in deep coal drift
CN102200415A (en) * 2011-05-19 2011-09-28 中南大学 Deep-hole blasting construction technology in fractured rocks
CN102706225A (en) * 2012-04-16 2012-10-03 广东宏大***股份有限公司 Loading method suitable for field mixed loading of explosive and tool used for method

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