CN104819470B - A kind of biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste processing system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste processing system, material is pre-processed successively, feeding, pyrolytic gasification and vapour processed of burning, and to producing tail gas progress fume treatment；Pyrolysis gasification furnace when handling the solid-state castoff such as bacteria residue ignition temperature control at 700 900 DEG C, it is to avoid easy coking problem in fixed bed；Overall operation environment is reduction atmosphere, can effectively suppressing material perturbation in NOx generation, integral bed, by force, overall gas production and factor of created gase are stable；The carbon residue in abundant calcination burning-up, further reduction lime-ash is carried out to the lime-ash of waste liquid, pyrolytic gasification bed output by the combustion gas of pyrolytic gasification bed output and waste liquid is thoroughly eliminated；Bubbling fluidized bed combustion tower is using pyrolytic gasification bed lime-ash as bed, and air enters the goods fluid promoted after combustion tower in stove.

Description

A kind of biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste processing system

Technical field

The present invention relates to the biomass class resource utilization system technical field suitable for pyrolytic gasification technique, more particularly to A kind of biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste processing system.

Background technology

Biomass waste is mankind's discarded object that production and consumption is produced during using biomass.Its traditional place Reason mode includes landfill and burned, but existing needs to take a large amount of soils, and the problem of easily bring secondary pollution, especially Some have the waste of harmfulness.

Currently, the biomass waste of China has the characteristics of yield is big, labile organic compound content is high, if can be to it Effectively utilized, can not only reduce pollution, will also may consequently contribute to alleviate the present situation of China's energy shortage.

The content of the invention

In view of this, the invention provides a kind of biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste processing system, for pyrolytic gasification technique Biomass class recycling, can effectively reduce pollution.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme：

A kind of biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste processing system, including be sequentially connected pretreatment system, feeding system, pyrolysis Gasification system, burning vapour system processed and smoke processing system；

The burning vapour system processed therein includes combustion furnace and vapour equipment processed, and the outlet side of the combustion furnace is communicated in institute State the inlet end of vapour equipment processed；Combustion gas feeding mechanism and air feeding mechanism are provided with the combustion furnace；The air feeding Mechanism includes an air distribution mechanism, secondary air distribution mechanism and the three air distribution mechanisms set gradually along the direction of advance of combustion gas, institute Inlet end of the air distribution mechanism close to the combustion furnace is stated, three air distribution mechanisms are close to the outlet side of the combustion furnace； The combustion gas feeding mechanism is set between an air distribution feeding mechanism and the secondary air distribution feeding mechanism.

It is preferred that, the secondary air distribution mechanism is used along the tangential many uniform gas circuits of the combustion furnace circumference.

It is preferred that, the combustion furnace is vertical, and the combustion gas feeding mechanism uses combustion gas cyclone, the combustion gas cyclone Including many circumferentially tangential uniform branch roads, and each branch road caliber is sequentially reduced according to the distance to main fuel gas inlet.

It is preferred that, the steady combustion engine structure of flow-disturbing is used as using the porous steady combustion tower of biconial in vertical shaft furnace；The biconial Porous steady combustion tower includes the taper combustion stabilizing bodies of two stackings, the outlet of the miner diameter end of the taper combustion stabilizing body towards the combustion furnace Offered on end, the taper combustion stabilizing body multiple along its axial through hole.

It is preferred that, the pyrolysis gasification system includes gasification furnace and gas-solid separating device；The outlet of the gasification furnace In the entrance of the gas-solid separating device, the outlet of the gas-solid separating device is used for the entrance for connecting combustion furnace；

The wind pushing mechanism of the gasification furnace includes the main wind wind pushing mechanism for being arranged on its underpart, and is disposed therein top Fluidize Secondary Air mechanism.

It is preferred that, the pyrolysis gasification system also includes air preheater；

The gas-solid separating device includes one-level separating mechanism and the second-order separation mechanism；The outlet of the gasification furnace in The entrance of the one-level separating mechanism, the solid matter outlet of the one-level separating mechanism is in the gasification furnace；Described one The gas outlet of level separating mechanism is communicated in the entrance of the second-order separation mechanism, and the gas outlet of the second-order separation mechanism connects The entrance of the air preheater is passed through, the outlet of the air preheater is used for the entrance for connecting the combustion furnace.

It is preferred that, the dreg removing system of the gasification furnace is intermittently starting formula.

It is preferred that, the pretreatment system includes：Preprocessor structure and desiccation mechanism, and it is connected to above-mentioned functions machine Conveying mechanism between structure；

Wherein, the discharge end of the preprocessor structure is communicated in the feed end of the desiccation mechanism；

The preprocessor structure includes disintegrating mechanism and pressure filtration mechanism；

The pressure filtration mechanism uses weight formula mechanism, belt mechanism and/or plate and frame mechanism；

The desiccation mechanism is by the way of conduction-type drier is combined with tray drying mechanism, and the tray drying The top of mechanism is separately passed through mouth provided with thermal medium, and bottom is separately passed through mouth provided with cold medium.

It is preferred that, the feeding system includes solid-state feeding feed system；The solid-state feeding feed system includes：Stokehold Feed bin and feed mechanism；And the quick-break valve for blocking flame and flue gas is provided with the path of the feed mechanism.

It is preferred that, the smoke processing system includes the chilling extracting tower being sequentially connected, neutralizing tower, absorption tower, deduster And scrubbing tower.

It can be seen from above-mentioned technical scheme that, biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste processing system that the present invention is provided, material Pretreatment system, feeding system, pyrolysis gasification system and vapour system processed of burning are sequentially passed through, tail gas is produced and passes through fume treatment system System, can realize effective processing of biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste, improve the carbon conversion of gasification efficiency, the intensity of gasification and material Rate；And in vapour system processed of burning, the air feeding in combustion furnace is act as using three air distributions are provided respectively in diverse location Combustion gas is helped to carry out fractional combustion so that combustion gas burning in it is thorough, so as to effectively reduce the discharge of nitrogen oxides.

Brief description of the drawings

In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing The accompanying drawing to be used needed for having technology description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is the structure chart of biomass class solid waste provided in an embodiment of the present invention and dangerous waste processing system；

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of horizontal combustion furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of vertical shaft furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of combustion gas cyclone provided in an embodiment of the present invention or air cyclone；

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the porous stabilizer of biconial provided in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of dreg removing system provided in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 7 is the flow chart of biomass class solid waste provided in an embodiment of the present invention and dangerous waste pretreatment system；

Fig. 8 is the structure chart of biomass class solid waste provided in an embodiment of the present invention and dangerous waste pretreatment system；

Fig. 9 is the schematic flow sheet that solid-state feeding provided in an embodiment of the present invention is fed；

Figure 10 is the device structure schematic diagram that solid-state feeding provided in an embodiment of the present invention is fed；

Figure 11 is the schematic flow sheet of biomass class solid waste provided in an embodiment of the present invention and dangerous waste feeding system；

Figure 12 is the schematic flow sheet of smoke processing system provided in an embodiment of the present invention；

Figure 13 is the structural representation of caustic soda dry powder collection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, in Fig. 1 processing system, 1 is feed system, and 1.1 be solid material feed system, and 1.2 be liquid object Expect feed system；2 be gasification furnace, and 2.1 be the main air compartment of gasification furnace, and 2.2 be primary and secondary blowing system, and 2.3 be extra bed material device；3 are Primary cyclone；4 be material-returning device, and 4.1 be returning charge air compartment；5 be secondary cyclone；6 be one-level ash silo, and 6.1 are Level-sensing device；7 be ground ash silo；8 be high temperature resistant auger；9 be air preheater；10 be gasification furnace gas-distributing fan；11 be high temperature air inducing Machine；12 be high-temperature fuel gas cyclone, and 13 be combustion furnace；14 be combustion furnace gas-distributing fan；15 be deslagging device；16 be fuel oil/ Gas generator；17 be that liquid is atomized jetting device；18 be secondary oil and gas generator；

In Fig. 3 vertical shaft furnace, 20 be combustion gas cyclone；31 be an air distribution, and 32 be secondary air distribution, and 33 be three times Air distribution；41 surely fire tower for one-level, and 42 be two grades of steady combustion towers, and 43 surely fire tower for three-level；50 be first-stage firing chamber；61 be that bottom is connected Part, 62 be top coupling part；70 be secondary combustion chamber.

Embodiment

The invention discloses a kind of biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste processing system, the biomass class for pyrolytic gasification technique Recycling, can effectively reduce pollution.

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.

It is provided in an embodiment of the present invention.Biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste processing system, its core improvement is, including according to Pretreatment system, feeding system, pyrolysis gasification system, burning vapour system processed and the smoke processing system of secondary connection；

Burning vapour system processed therein includes combustion furnace and vapour equipment processed, and the outlet side of combustion furnace is communicated in vapour equipment processed Inlet end；Combustion gas is sent into i.e. into combustion furnace and air is burnt and (can ignited using naked light), will burn what is produced afterwards Tail gas sends into vapour equipment processed and reclaims heat；

Combustion gas feeding mechanism and air feeding mechanism are provided with combustion furnace；Air feeding mechanism includes the advance along combustion gas An air distribution mechanism, secondary air distribution mechanism and three air distribution mechanisms that direction is set gradually, an air distribution mechanism is close to combustion furnace Inlet end, three air distribution mechanisms are close to the outlet side of combustion furnace；Combustion gas feeding mechanism is set between an air distribution feeding mechanism Between secondary air distribution feeding mechanism.

It can be seen from above-mentioned technical scheme that, biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste processing system provided in an embodiment of the present invention System, material sequentially passes through pretreatment system, feeding system, pyrolysis gasification system and vapour system processed of burning, and produces tail gas and passes through cigarette Gas processing system, can realize effective processing of biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste, improve gasification efficiency, the intensity of gasification and material Efficiency of carbon con version；And in vapour system processed of burning, the air feeding in combustion furnace is used provides three air distributions respectively in diverse location, It act as helping combustion gas to carry out fractional combustion so that combustion gas burning in it is thorough, so that the discharge of nitrogen oxides is effectively reduced, Improve the efficiency of carbon con version of material.The ratio of three air distributions is determined by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions.Three air distributions Ratio is determined by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions.

Vapour equipment processed divides different flue-gas temperatures and utilizes gradient, be in form waste heat boiler according to ecological requirements：

1) thermograde is 1300-180 degrees Celsius；

It is made up of waste heat boiler, air economizer, economizer etc., gas fired-boiler output steam is used, air economizer is used for Heating burning air distribution, improves efficiency of combustion.

2) thermograde is 1150-500 degrees Celsius；

There was only waste heat boiler by main body, no longer set up other energy-saving equipments, two evils between mainly preventing 500-200 degrees Celsius The generation of English.

In the specific embodiment that this programme is provided, combustion furnace is drum, and its secondary gas-distributing fan structure is used along burning To internal outside the tangential many uniform gas circuits of stove (combustion chamber) circumference, spontaneous combustion room.Similar, three air distribution mechanisms are used along combustion Burn outside the tangential many uniform gas circuits of stove (combustion chamber) circumference, spontaneous combustion room to internal.Above structure ensure that secondary air distribution and Three times air distribution is contacted with the full and uniform of furnace gas.

The steady combustion engine structure of flow-disturbing is additionally provided with above-mentioned technical scheme, combustion furnace in order to further optimize, i.e., in combustion furnace It is interior that gas progress flow-disturbing is surely fired, recirculating zone is disturbed to be formed, accumulation of heat is carried out, keeping temperature is stable to burn；It can realize that flow-disturbing is steady The device structure of combustion has many kinds, and specific restriction is not done herein.

It is different according to the material of combustion gas and disposal, above-mentioned combustion system can be divided into horizontal rotary fractional combustion, stood Formula rotates fractional combustion.

The structure of horizontal combustion furnace is referred to shown in Fig. 2, and the horizontal rotary fractional combustion stove is by high-temperature burner, burning Room, auxiliary burner etc. are constituted, and auxiliary burner is located at the rear end of high-temperature burner or the front end of combustion chamber, wherein high-temp combustion Device is made up of combustion gas cyclone, air cyclone etc.；The feeding of combustion gas uses combustion gas cyclone, and one time air distribution mechanism uses air The direction of rotation of cyclone, combustion gas cyclone and air cyclone is (is along clockwise direction or along counterclockwise in the same direction Direction), the guide vane and the first angle of gas conduct pipe (the high-temperature fuel gas conduit i.e. in figure, similarly hereinafter) axial direction of combustion gas cyclone For acute angle, the guide vane and the second angle of gas conduct pipe axial direction of air cyclone are acute angle.Preferably, the first angle Size is 15-45 degree, and the second angle is less than the first angle 5-10 degree.

In the specific embodiment that this programme is provided, high-temperature fuel gas pipeline is connected perpendicular to the axial direction of combustion furnace, combustion gas warp Combustion gas cyclone is crossed by above-mentioned pipeline to be entered in stove；Air distribution is primary air cyclone air distribution for main air distribution, is arranged on combustion The inlet end of stove is burnt, its multiple air inlet is uniformly arranged along the axis of combustion furnace；Combustion furnace inlet end is additionally provided with auxiliary combustion Burner.Enter after outlet connection combustion chamber, the i.e. combustion gas of high-temperature burner and an air distribution mixing by high temperature blast tube and fire Burn room.Preferably, arranging the guide vane of constant slope in high-temperature fuel gas passage clockwise, length is with plagioclase degree；Secondary Air Arrangement is with gradient guide vane clockwise in wind conduit, and length is with plagioclase degree.The air of air distribution and secondary air distribution is by entering Wind main pipeline is provided.Two tertiary air hydrocyclone structures are different from primary air cyclone, and two tertiary air cyclones are many Gas circuit is tangentially uniform along combustion chamber circumference, to internal outside spontaneous combustion room.

Using vertical cylinder as the steady combustion engine structure of flow-disturbing in horizontal combustion furnace, including it is arranged on combustion gas cyclone and one One-level between secondary air distribution mechanism surely fires post, and two grades be arranged between secondary air distribution mechanism and three air distribution mechanisms surely fire Post, the middle part in combustion chamber.The axis of vertical cylinder can use section for pros perpendicular to the axis of combustion furnace The cylinder of type, and form above-mentioned vertical cylinder in its edge circle of contact.

The structure of vertical shaft furnace is referred to shown in Fig. 3, and wherein the feeding of combustion gas uses combustion gas cyclone 20, the combustion gas Cyclone 20 includes many along the tangential uniform branch road of combustion chamber circumference, to internal outside each branch road spontaneous combustion room, and each bypass duct Footpath is sequentially reduced according to the distance to main fuel gas inlet；Its structure is referred to shown in Fig. 4, and main fuel gas inlet is communicated in outer The pipeline of ring shape, the inlet communication of each branch road is in the diverse location of outer ring annulus line；Each branch route main fuel gas inlet position It is uniformly distributed along the circumference, feature is that each branch road caliber subtracts successively along away from main fuel gas inlet (being specially according to clockwise herein) It is small；Such structure ensure that the intake velocity of each branch road is consistent, and combustion gas feeding is uniform.In addition, the high temperature that this programme is provided Combustion gas cyclone 20, the air intake caliber of its multiple branch road is different, and air quantity is identical, and wind speed is different, with secondary wind distribution in the prior art Mode it is different, this structure realizes a cloth wind, even distributing wind.

Preferably, surely being fired for flow-disturbing using the porous steady combustion tower of biconial in vertical shaft furnace, heat storage is used as；Its Structure is referred to shown in Fig. 5, and the porous steady combustion tower of biconial includes two taper combustion stabilizing bodies being laminated in the same direction, taper combustion stabilizing body Miner diameter end offers multiple along its axial through hole towards the outlet side of combustion furnace on taper combustion stabilizing body, be specifically as follows and open up Circular hole on its side wall and top.Gas rise to biconial it is porous it is steady combustion tower when, done in the presence of taper combustion stabilizing body Disturb to form backflow, depart from finally by aperture and continue to rise；The porous steady combustion tower of biconial that this programme is provided is formed in bipyramid Recirculating zone is disturbed, effectively keeping temperature can stablize burning, additionally it is possible to certain gear ash effect is played, i.e., lime-ash rises to flue gas This falls after rise after being stopped by taper combustion stabilizing body.Certainly, for realizing that the structure that flow-disturbing surely fires is not limited only to this, as long as can Air-flow is played a part of to disturb or gather；It can also use single, or more than two taper combustion stabilizing body.

The porous steady combustion tower of biconial can be installed using annular element to be fixed, and the extension of annular element is ridden on furnace wall.

In the specific embodiment that this programme is provided, flow-disturbing, which surely fires structure, to be included being arranged on an air distribution 31 and secondary air distribution One-level between 32 surely fires tower 41, the steady combustion tower 42 of two grades be arranged between secondary air distribution 32 and three air distributions 33, and is arranged on The three-level of three tops of air distribution 33 surely fires tower 43.

In order to further optimize above-mentioned technical scheme, combustion furnace also includes being arranged on secondary combustion chamber 42 and three air distributions Mechanism of igniting between 33, as secondary oil and gas generator, for stabilization of export temperature.Igniting can be using auxiliary combustion Burning system, is made up of the burners such as fuel oil, natural gas or biogas, branch road nozzle, and effect is altar lamp and stable burning, it is ensured that combustion Burn room temperature.

In the specific embodiment that this programme is provided, vertical rotating fractional combustion stove uses bubbling fluidized bed, material and sky Gas equivalent proportion air distribution is excessive oxygen-excess combustion mode, is made up of first-stage firing chamber 50 and secondary combustion chamber 70 and coupling part；Its In coupling part, play a part of to be connected a secondary combustion chamber, include the lower frame portion 61 of back taper, and positive taper is upper Portion coupling part 62；The bigger diameter end of bottom inverted cone-shaped structure is communicated in the outlet side of first-stage firing chamber 50, can play on resistance ash The effect raised, beneficial to the collection of lime-ash；The miner diameter end of top positive taper structure is communicated in the miner diameter end of bottom inverted cone-shaped structure, on The bigger diameter end of portion's positive taper structure is communicated in the inlet end of secondary combustion chamber 70, can cut down flue gas pressure, make part flying dust fall after rise to First-stage firing chamber 50.

Combustion gas cyclone 20, standby firing system, blowing system, a deslagging system are set in first-stage firing chamber 50 therein Porous steady combustion tower of system, liquid material atomization system, biconial etc.；Flue gas flow velocity in first-stage firing chamber 50 is 2-4m/s, operation Temperature 850-900 degree, flue gas to Outlet time is more than 2s.

Standby firing system is made up of the burners such as fuel oil, natural gas or biogas, branch road nozzle, and effect is altar lamp and steady Fixed burning, it is ensured that chamber temperature；As an oil and gas generator, ignited for naked light.

Non-return blast cap is arranged in blowing system on arrangement air distribution plate, air distribution plate, one time air distribution (i.e. main air distribution) enters Air compartment enters combustion furnace by the blast cap of air distribution plate.

Dreg removing system is by the castable on air distribution plate in stove, scum pipe, pneumatic barrier valve, high temp.-resistant valve and cold slag device Composition, the castable for insulation blocking offers opening, and scum pipe, which is connected, is provided with pneumatic resistance in the opening of castable, scum pipe Every valve, high temp.-resistant valve, pneumatic barrier valve are opened successively when needing deslagging, lime-ash etc. enters scum pipe under furnace pressure, Through pneumatic barrier valve, high temp.-resistant valve, afterwards into cold slag device (water-cooled shell type or disc type or ground pond).

In order to further optimize above-mentioned technical scheme, the top surface for castable constitutes inclined deslagging guide face, deslagging The scum pipe of system connects the minimum point of deslagging guide face；Compared with the planar top surface of existing castable, inclined deslagging guide face Be conducive to the timely discharge of lime-ash, so as to be prevented effectively from coking phenomenon.

In the specific embodiment that this programme is provided, the deslagging guide face of castable top surface is in back taper, and scum pipe is connected to Back taper castable central opening.

Dreg removing system main function is to cause that furnace pressure is too high more lime-ash in combustion furnace, have and opened before coking situation, Discharge part lime-ash balances furnace pressure.Preferably, dreg removing system is opened for batch (-type), i.e., one is opened at regular intervals Secondary device carries out deslagging；

Liquid material atomization system, mainly becomes atomizer, liquid material is in the presence of compressed air in atomizer Head break up, form fine mist through quick ejection；Liquid material is sprayed into after combustion tower by a large amount of moving high-temperature ash Break up and mixed rapidly with red-hot slag particle, it is rapid to dry, catch fire and burn, burn condition and be better than other burning facilities, can Obtain preferable efficiency of combustion.

Secondary combustion chamber 70 sets porous steady combustion tower of two three-level air cyclones, standby firing system, two three-level biconials etc., Flue gas in secondary combustion chamber 70 average residence time be more than 2s, running temperature 900-1150 degree, 1150 degree of exhanst gas outlet cigarette temperature, Flue gas to Outlet time is more than 2s.

Two three-level air cyclone structures act as fractional combustion with the combustion gas cyclone 20 in first-stage firing chamber 50, combustion Burn thorough.

The porous steady combustion tower of two three-level biconials is with the porous steady combustion tower of the biconial in first-stage firing chamber 50.

Horizontal to be all provided with multiple layer refractory heat-insulation layer with vertical combustor, first layer is the brick layer of side towards the fire or castable, feature High temperature resistant, anti-thermal shock, resistance to erosion；The second layer is insulating brick course or castable；Third layer be insulation brick course or castable, its His layer is insulated pouring material, and runtime outer wall of combustion chamber temperature is not more than 60 degree.

Operationally, combustion furnace is using the lime-ash of pyrolytic gasification bed as bed, and air promotes in stove after entering combustion tower Goods fluid, complete calcination remove carbon residue process；Waste liquid is inputted after combustion tower by charging gear, immediately by a large amount of moving High-temperature ash is broken up and mixed rapidly with red-hot slag particle, and because the amount of stored heat of bed is very big, waste liquid is done rapidly in fluid bed It is dry, catch fire and burn, burn condition be better than other burning facilities, preferable efficiency of combustion can be obtained；Produced by pyrolytic gasification bed The high-temperature fuel gas gone out is blown into high-temperature fuel gas cyclone by high temperature draught fan, enters back into combustion furnace and burns completely, to waste liquid, pyrolysis The lime-ash of gasifier bed output carries out abundant calcination burning-up, and the further carbon residue reduced in lime-ash eliminates waste liquid with thorough；Most The ash after burning is collected through deslagging device eventually.

Pyrolysis gasification system includes gasification furnace 2 and gas-solid separating device；The outlet of the gasification furnace 2 is filled in gas solid separation The entrance put, the outlet of the gas-solid separating device is used for the entrance for connecting combustion furnace 13；

By being blown in gasification furnace 2, the air-supply is mixed with the material sent into through feed system 1, and is filled through extra bed material Put reaction, output combustion gas in the presence of the bed of 2.3 additions；Material (i.e. above-mentioned biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste) is in pyrolysis gas To change complete in stove 2 and dry, be pyrolyzed and gasification, output combustion gas, semicoke and lime-ash etc.；Wherein, the wind pushing mechanism bag of gasification furnace 2 It (can be specially to send into master by the main air compartment 2.1 of the gasification furnace being arranged below to include and be arranged on the main wind wind pushing mechanism of its underpart Wind), and the fluidisation Secondary Air mechanism on top is disposed therein, its structure is referred in Fig. 1 shown in primary and secondary blowing system 2.2； Density during main wind contacting material is also larger, and gasification efficiency can be effectively improved by fluidizing Secondary Air.Afterwards to the combustion of output Gas carries out gas solid separation, by the fuel gas transmission separated into combustion furnace；By semicoke and lime-ash etc. in above-mentioned gas solid separation Solid matter in high-temperature fuel gas by separating.

Biomass class solid waste provided in an embodiment of the present invention and dangerous waste pyrolysis gasification system, set in gasification furnace simultaneously under The main wind wind pushing mechanism in portion, and middle and upper part fluidisation Secondary Air mechanism, be drying of the biomass class material in stove, pyrolysis and gasify There is provided good condition, so as to effectively increase gasification efficiency.

The liquid feed mouth of liquid material feeding system 1.2 is arranged on the solid feedstock mouthful of solid material feed system 1.1 Top certain altitude, can be specially 200mm-500mm, the liquid material of entrance is spray pattern, so as to make full use of solid The flame envelope temperature of state material burning, can reach more preferably gasification result in gasification furnace.

Non-return blast cap is arranged in the main air compartment 2.1 of gasification furnace on arrangement air distribution plate, air distribution plate, main wind passes through cloth wind into air compartment The blast cap of plate enters gasification furnace 2；Fluidize middle and upper part body of heater (emulsion zone and dilute-phase zone transition that Secondary Air mechanism is located at gasification furnace 2 Region), and tangentially enter along body of heater circumference, cyclone gas, oxygen amount needed for supply gasification are formed in stove；In entering for feed system 1 1-2m sets extra bed material device 2.3 above material mouth, the stable operation for adjusting control stove.Overall operation ring in gasification furnace 2 Border is reduction atmosphere, can effectively suppress NOx generation.The air-supply of gasification furnace 2 uses oxygen depletion system, and temperature control is in 750-850 ℃。

Preferably, fluidisation Secondary Air mechanism is typically used and main wind wind pushing mechanism identical medium.

In the specific embodiment that this programme is provided, wind pushing mechanism also includes reforming tertiary air mechanism, further to optimize Air-supply condition in gasification furnace 2.

Reform tertiary air mechanism can use with main wind wind pushing mechanism identical medium, or other may participate in material reformation The medium of reaction, such as water vapour or hydrogen, so as to effectively improve gasification efficiency.

In the specific embodiment that this programme is provided, water vapour conveying mechanism (not shown) is additionally provided with gasification furnace 2, is used In conveying water vapour into gasification furnace 2, the effect of regulation and control in-furnace temperature is primarily served, it is ensured that the temperature in gasification furnace 2 is controllable Scope.Preferably, the water vapour inlet pipe of above-mentioned water vapour conveying mechanism is arranged in the main air compartment 2.1 of gasification furnace.

Biomass class solid waste provided in an embodiment of the present invention and dangerous waste pyrolysis gasification system, also including air preheater 9, make With the temperature for being the above-mentioned air-supply that heating enters gasification furnace 2, improving wind-warm syndrome contributes to the raising of pyrolytic gasification degree of material, enters And improve gasification efficiency；

Gas-solid separating device includes one-level separating mechanism and the second-order separation mechanism, and whirlwind can be specifically used in this programme Separator, its structure is referred to shown in primary cyclone 3 and secondary cyclone 5 in Fig. 1；Gasification furnace 2 goes out Mouth is communicated in the entrance of primary cyclone 3, and the solid matter outlet of primary cyclone 3 is in gasification furnace 2；By Primary cyclone 3 carries out one-level separation to the combustion gas of the output of gasification furnace 2, and the solid matter such as semicoke separated is from blanking Pipe enters material-returning device 4, and gasification furnace 2 is reentered in the presence of returning charge wind (being communicated in the returning charge blower fan of returning charge air compartment 4.1), Complete circulation pyrolysis, gasification；

The gas outlet of primary cyclone 3 is communicated in the entrance of secondary cyclone 5, secondary cyclone 5 Gas outlet be communicated in the entrance of air preheater 9, the outlet of air preheater 9 is used for the entrance for connecting combustion furnace 13；It is right Combustion gas by one-level gas solid separation carries out two grades of gas solid separations, and the fuel gas transmission separated is added into air preheater 9 Heat enters the wind pushing temperature of gasification furnace, and high-temperature fuel gas is blown into high-temperature fuel gas after air preheater 9 comes out by high temperature draught fan 11 Cyclone 12, enters back into 13 burning completely in combustion furnace.

It should be noted that in accompanying drawing 1 by-connection mark A-B refer to by the members marked as A in marked as B Part (conveying) path, such as mark 4-2 for returning charge path from from material-returning device 4 to gasification furnace 2, other similarly, herein Just do not illustrate one by one.

The combustion gas separated through primary cyclone 3 enters secondary cyclone 5,99% during secondary separation Ash content above enters ash silo from tremie pipe.To the ash separated according to constituent analysis after, different disposing techniques are set：It is right Directly it can be discharged in biomass ash through ash silo, dress bag is used as potash fertilizer base-material or insulation material additive after being cooled down through cooling device； Ground ash silo then is drained into through ash silo for the ash for being defined as dangerous waste, is delivered to through the high temperature resistant auger 8 under ash silo in combustion furnace 13 Calcination to carbon yield is less than 0.001%, and the lime-ash of secondary cyclone 5 exports the entrance for connecting combustion furnace 13, will The ash come out by the second-order separation is transported in combustion furnace 13.Further, between secondary cyclone 5 and combustion furnace 13 Multiple ash silos are set, and for the temporary and regulation ash quantity of ash, its structure is referred to one-level ash silo 6 and ground ash silo 7 in Fig. 1 It is shown, and it is provided with one-level ash silo 6 level-sensing device 6.1.Preferably, combustion furnace 13 is burnt using vertical bubbling fluidized bed Tower.

In order to ensure the continuous and steady operation of gasification furnace, while being easy to maintenance maintenance, gasification furnace is provided with overall temperature and pressure monitoring Subsystem and the devices such as system, extra bed material system, dreg removing system, ash disposal system, high-temperature explosion-proof pressure relief device, manhole.

Overall temperature and pressure monitoring system therein is by live primary instrument (temperature, pressure, flow), data acquisition module, total Line and host computer etc. are constituted, and connection is communicated between above-mentioned part, and display, telecreen display function, and be provided with the spot can be achieved Overtemperature, superpressure, super flow alarm function, guarantee is provided for the continuous and steady operation of gasification furnace.

Specifically, temperature and/or pressure in monitoring gasification furnace 2, exceed predetermined model in the temperature and/or pressure measured In the case of enclosing, adjust air-supply air quantity, and/pressure feed system inventory.The temperature and pressure in gasification furnace 2 is combined, Circulating ratio can be adjusted by Joint regulation (main wind, returning charge wind, inlet amount, bed amount), the optimum gas of different material is realized Change efficiency.

Extra bed material system is made up of hopper, blocked valve and feeder, is provided with auger in feeder, and feeder is obliquely or water Outside safety dress and body of heater, feeder ensures to avoid the leakage of furnace high-temperature combustion gas here with blocked valve composition.

Dreg removing system main function is to cause that furnace pressure is too high more lime-ash in gasification furnace 2, have and opened before coking situation, Discharge part lime-ash balances furnace pressure.Preferably, dreg removing system is opened for batch (-type), i.e., one is opened at regular intervals Secondary device carries out deslagging；General opening and closing time is 30 minutes, is opened and closed one time 10 seconds to 1 minute.It is above-mentioned in order to further optimize Technical scheme, is discharged into ground ash silo 7 through high temperature resistant auger 8 by path 2-7 by lime-ash scorching hot in gasification furnace 2 and is delivered to burning Stove 13 (is conveyed) as bed by the pressure-fired in gasification furnace 2.

Dreg removing system is by the castable on air distribution plate in stove, scum pipe, pneumatic barrier valve, high temp.-resistant valve and slag cooler group Into castable offers opening, and scum pipe, which is connected, is provided with pneumatic barrier valve in the opening of castable, scum pipe, needing deslagging Shi Yici opens high temp.-resistant valve, pneumatic barrier valve, and lime-ash etc. enters scum pipe under furnace pressure, through pneumatic barrier valve, resistance to High temperature valve, afterwards into cold slag device (water-cooled shell type or disc type or ground pond).

In order to further optimize above-mentioned technical scheme, the top surface of castable constitutes inclined deslagging guide face, dreg removing system Scum pipe connect deslagging guide face minimum point；Compared with the planar top surface of existing castable, inclined deslagging guide face is favourable In the timely discharge of lime-ash, so as to be prevented effectively from coking phenomenon.

In the specific embodiment that this programme is provided, the deslagging guide face of castable top surface is in back taper, and scum pipe is connected to Back taper castable central opening, its structure is referred to shown in Fig. 6.

Ash disposal system is by one-level ash silo, ground ash silo, air-transport system, level-sensing device, discharge valve, high temperature conveying auger etc. Composition, one-level ash silo, the synergy of ground ash silo ensure the stable conveying of rear end lime-ash, and one-level ash silo, ground ash silo are all provided with Level-sensing device is put, level-sensing device is used to remotely monitor grey position in ash silo, and Pneumatic conveyer is used for long-distance sand transport ash, ash is delivered into ash Storehouse, high temperature conveying auger is used to the ash of quantitative continuous-stable being delivered to subordinate's handling process (such as burn, solidify).

High-temperature explosion-proof pressure relief device, plays a part of stable pressure release in the case where furnace pressure is by increasing continuously and healthily, Play a part of quick pressure releasing, balance furnace pressure in the case where furnace pressure increases severely, patent is seen in detail (ZL201320836658.7)。

Manhole, for maintenance and repair, its structure is three connecting rod ready-packages, and manhole cover is provided with hold-down bolt, be can be achieved single People's Fast Installation is with opening, and manhole stove internal heating surface is provided with MULTILAYER COMPOSITE wear resistant heat preserving castable, it is ensured that external temperature is 60 degree Below.

Pretreatment system includes：Preprocessor structure and desiccation mechanism, and be connected to defeated between above-mentioned functions mechanism Send mechanism；

Wherein, the discharge end of preprocessor structure is communicated in the feed end of desiccation mechanism, i.e., to material (above-mentioned biomass class Solid waste and dangerous waste) preposition processing and desiccation are carried out successively；

Preprocessor structure includes disintegrating mechanism and pressure filtration mechanism；

Pressure filtration mechanism uses weight formula mechanism, belt mechanism and/or plate and frame mechanism；Specifically, being used to dreg type material Weight formula or belt press filtration removing moisture, moisture is removed to pulp material material using plate and frame press filtration；

Desiccation mechanism is by the way of conduction-type drier (horizontal) is combined with tray drying mechanism, and tray drier The top of structure is separately passed through mouth provided with thermal medium, and bottom is separately passed through mouth provided with cold medium；Preferably, first being dried in conduction-type The moisture content of material is down to less than 40% in mechanism, after be passed through thermal medium in the upper part of tray drying mechanism, lower part leads to Enter cold medium.

Biomass class solid waste provided in an embodiment of the present invention and dangerous waste pretreatment system, realize material in disintegrating mechanism Homogenize, and ensure that the performance of subsequent treatment is realized；In pressure filtration mechanism by way of mechanical dehydration, can quickly minimizing and Water is removed, energy-conservation is maximized；In desiccation mechanism, by the way of blade conduction-type is dried and combined with tray drying, wherein Conduction-type drying mode the characteristics of there is clean and effective, realize the most of moisture in the quick wet slag removed after press filtration, Thermal medium is passed through by upper part in tray drying, lower part is passed through cold medium, and thermal medium therein is used to further remove The moisture of the preposition material dried out, cold medium can effectively reduce the external skin temperatures of material and conduct away material in preposition drying In the heat that has carried, effectively reduce in subsequent material storage and conveying may because of accumulation of heat temperature it is too high bring one be The hidden danger such as bridging, arch camber, spontaneous combustion are arranged, and realize the requirement for meeting the required material water ratio of final gasification.

In the specific embodiment that this programme is provided, preprocessor structure can use different structures according to material properties, Including following three kinds of modes：

The discharge end of disintegrating mechanism is communicated in the feed end of pressure filtration mechanism；The discharge end of pressure filtration mechanism is communicated in desiccation mechanism Feed end；Press filtration after first crushing；

The discharge end of pressure filtration mechanism is communicated in the feed end of disintegrating mechanism；The discharge end of disintegrating mechanism is communicated in desiccation mechanism Feed end；Crushed after i.e. first press filtration.

The discharge end of meal mechanism is communicated in the feed end of pressure filtration mechanism, and the discharge end of pressure filtration mechanism is communicated in fine powder mechanism Feed end；The discharge end of fine powder mechanism is communicated in the feed end of desiccation mechanism；First meal fine powder after press filtration again.Need explanation It is that crushing and press filtration therein as needed can be by the way of multistep treatments, i.e., by that repeatedly (difference can be respectively adopted Mode) crush and press filtration.Material breaks up feeding after preposition processing (such as gravity extruding) and carries out desiccation process.

In view of the electric power energy consumption that conduction-type is dried in desiccation mechanism is higher, therefore in order to reduce whole pretreating process Energy resource consumption, takes off the water in material by the relatively low mechanism filter-pressing of energy consumption as far as possible.Preferably, in the process of press filtration The total Water of middle removing material more than 50%, to realize that energy-conservation is maximized；By the aqueous of material during conduction-type is dried Rate is down to less than 40%.

For the physicochemical characteristic (referring mainly to moisture content and particle diameter distribution) of different materials, the technique mistake in pretreatment system Journey can be decreased or increased, if such as original moisture content of Western medicine bacteria residue is not higher than 65%, it is possible to reduce mechanism filter-pressing structure；Chinese medicine If more can first crush of berries carries out slurry separation afterwards in slag material, and also including slag pulp selector in preprocessor structure Structure, the feed end of slag pulp selector structure is communicated in the discharge end of disintegrating mechanism.Hydraulic pressure weight formula knot can be used in press filtration process Structure, realizes hydro-thermal (desiccation) broken wall.

In order to further reduce the energy resource consumption of whole pretreatment system, preprocessor structure also includes drying mechanism, led to Often it is connected to before disintegrating mechanism and pressure filtration mechanism, with the natural bar of illumination (such as sunshine) and air quantity for making full use of scene Part, meets green idea instantly.It can also be stood being firstly placed on from underground slag storehouse material in preposition drainage bin, utilize gravity Effect squeeze out portion of water, and discharged by submersible sewage pump under feed bin (water level detecting).Preferably, filtrate waste water etc. is pre- The liquid deviate from processing system collects (acceptable further purified treatment) by cesspool, eventually passes through sewage network and drains, Its structure is referred to shown in Fig. 7.

Biomass class solid waste provided in an embodiment of the present invention and dangerous waste pretreatment system, also including dedusting mechanism, the dedusting The inlet end of mechanism is communicated in preprocessor structure and/or desiccation mechanism, can be while preposition processing and/or desiccation by gas Body is discharged.Pass through the dedusting mechanism for discharging gas, on the one hand, the dust content in preprocessing environment can be reduced, optimization is existing Field environment；On the other hand, taste removal can also be played a part of, also removal moisture drying can be reached by taking away moist gas Effect.

In the specific embodiment that this programme is provided, pretreatment system also includes dust recycling mechanism, the dust recycling machine Structure includes condenser, demister and the filter being sequentially connected, and the inlet end of wherein condenser is communicated in the outlet of dedusting mechanism End.Above-mentioned gas are condensed successively, demisting and filtering, its structure is referred to shown in Fig. 7, most of water in gas Lease making is crossed condensed water of the condenser as liquid and is discharged, and remaining fraction moisture is separated by demister, most passes through Filter (grey bag dust collector) reclaims the material for obtaining dust-like afterwards, can participate in follow-up gasification together with the material Jing Guo desiccation Burning (sequentially pass through after stokehold feed bin and feeder enter pyrolysis chamber), so as to effectively increase biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste Resource utilization rate.Meanwhile, the dry air obtained by grey bag dust collector, which can be stored in air tank, is used for subsequent combustion room The burning of middle material.By above-mentioned dust recovery process, the discharge of waste in process tail gas is greatly reduced, it is to avoid secondary dirt Dye.

In order to further optimize above-mentioned technical scheme, the thermal medium used in tray drying mechanism is to utilize material What the flue gas after burning was obtained, without external heat source, followed inside the resource for realizing biomass class pyrolysis gasification system Ring is utilized.The function can be realized by flue gas air-replacement device in Fig. 7.

In the specific embodiment that this programme is provided, disintegrating mechanism is using tooth-like, blade and/or the mechanical crusher of hammer Structure.It is, of course, also possible to according to actual conditions, such as material variety, using extruding, the disintegrating mechanism for hitting or grinding.

Preferably, the circulation of desiccation mechanism apoplexy is closing or semiclosed, to avoid or reduce discharge Tail Gas.

In order to further optimize above-mentioned technical scheme, pretreatment system also includes being connected to above-mentioned functions equipment (i.e. powder Broken mechanism, pressure filtration mechanism and desiccation mechanism etc.) between surge bunker.Except the underground wet slag storehouse for storing untreated material, With handled for storage after material ground dry residue chamber outside, by Allocating Surge Bin, can be satisfied with the processing of a large amount of materials needs Ask, while emergency case can also be tackled, such as when some function device breaks down, play a part of interim storage.Enter One step, can also between two adjacent function devices the multiple surge bunkers of serial or parallel connection, to maximize disposal ability.Its Structure is referred to shown in the embodiment in Fig. 7, and the first buffering is in series between multi-stage crushing mechanism and gravity pressing mechanism Storehouse and the second surge bunker, are provided with the 3rd surge bunker between gravity pressing mechanism and many rotary dryers.

Preferably, the above-mentioned feed bin for being used to store, is designed as outer wall rotatably, can be rotated by gear driven, and material Storehouse generally up-small and down-big structure, 2 points of the above plays a part of broken arch and prevents fluffy material；The material position of radar type is additionally provided with simultaneously Meter and emergent device for discharging.

Auger includes multistage varying pitch, unit constant pitch and constant pitch auger group, each work(under the storehouse that each storage feed bin is used Conveying between energy equipment can use belt conveyor, embedded scraper transporter, pipeline chain conveyor and/or pneumatic conveyer.

Feeding system bag solid-state feeding feed system；The solid-state feeding feed system includes：Stokehold feed bin and feed mechanism； And it is provided with the quick-break valve for blocking flame and flue gas in the path of feed mechanism, in order to by the solid in the feed bin of stokehold During material is fed into gasification furnace, smoke backflow is to blocking flame and flue gas in the case of feed mechanism in gasification furnace.

Biomass class solid waste provided in an embodiment of the present invention and dangerous waste feeding system, in the gasification a large amount of exteenal refluxs of inner flue gas of the stove , can to prevent the further diffusion of flame and flue gas to can quickly block lower section flame and flue gas in the case of feeding path Play the safety effect of protection equipment and material (i.e. above-mentioned biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste).

Preferably, also including being provided with temperature measuring equipment in the path of feed mechanism, the temperature measuring equipment is communicated with quick-break valve Connection, and in the case where the measurement temperature of temperature measuring equipment is higher than predetermined temperature, quick-break valve blocks the path in feed mechanism.Should Predetermined temperature is the critical-temperature for being used to judge whether to be tempered determined according to actual conditions.Certainly, it is merely given as herein A kind of more conventional embodiment, those skilled in the art know, can also be by monitoring the pressure feelings in feeding path The device such as condition or gas componant judges whether to there occurs the backflow of flame and flue gas, will not be repeated here.

Multiple feeding devices are provided with above-mentioned technical scheme, feed mechanism in order to further optimize, multiple feeds are set It is standby to be connected with temperature measuring equipment communication, and in the case where the measurement temperature of temperature measuring equipment is higher than predetermined temperature, multiple feeds are set The standby direction order advanced according to material stops successively, i.e., successively the in-house each feeding device of feed-disabling (in the present embodiment In to stop constant feeder and front-furnace feeding machine successively).Pass through the above-mentioned side stopped successively according to material direction of advance order Formula, can effectively prevent subsequent material from entering or close to tempered area, and avoid blocking of the material in part, efficient and rational. Temperature measuring equipment can also be connected with the conveying equipment communication of preamble, i.e. the mechanism from siccative storehouse feeding into stokehold feed bin, then In the case where the measurement temperature of temperature measuring equipment is higher than predetermined temperature, feeding device of the conveying equipment prior to feed mechanism of preamble Stop.

Dump device and spraying cooling equipment are additionally provided with the basis of above scheme, in feed mechanism, both It is connected with temperature measuring equipment communication, and in the case where the measurement temperature of temperature measuring equipment is higher than predetermined temperature, dump device Start with spraying cooling equipment, the discharge in time of the solid material in path will be fed in order to avoid by the influence being tempered, and pass through The mode of spray reduces the temperature tissue burning of feeding path and its interior material.Realized simultaneously by three kinds of above-mentioned chain measures The safety effect of protection equipment and material.Preferably, quick-break valve is Pneumatic high temperature quick-break valve, the valve actuation power is compressed by air compressor machine Air is provided, and realizes the function of fast shut-off, and valve body material is high-temperature resistant material.

The acting as of stokehold feed bin adjusts the intermediate furnace that preposition pretreatment prepares siccative ability and gasification process siccative ability Preceding buffer unit, material is provided while playing for subordinate's conveying equipment.In the preferred embodiment that this programme is provided, stokehold feed bin It is rotary for outer wall, i.e. merry-go-round type bunker in Fig. 9 and Figure 10, to avoid material from putting up a bridge.Its spinfunction can be by nibbling The gear wheel and little gear of conjunction, which drive, to be realized.And in the merry-go-round type bunker high position to be provided with radar type material meter therein to avoid Material excessively causes to overflow.

In the specific embodiment that this programme is provided, solid material is entered by the top of stokehold feed bin, then by arranging below Go out.Further, the big cross-sectional area to its upper of cross-sectional area of the inner chamber bottom of stokehold feed bin, it is generally up-small and down-big Structure, play a part of broken arch and prevent fluffy material；Rotatable stokehold feed bin is the circular cone that internal diameter from top to bottom gradually increases herein Shape cylinder.

The constant feeder that stokehold feed bin is divided into, the conveying capacity of material can be effectively adjusted by frequency control, play quantitative The purpose of feed.It is front-furnace feeding machine under Pneumatic high temperature quick-break valve, according to the form of the different batchers of material also incomplete phase Together, it is mainly characterized in that auger type is conveyed, and the material low to compression ratio uses twin axle auger, the use single shaft high to compression ratio Varying pitch auger.

In order to further optimize above-mentioned technical scheme, the quantity of quick-break valve be it is multiple, it is two neighboring to have between certain distance Every be arranged in feeding path, play a part of material before and after preferably quick isolation jointly.It is general to use two quick-break valves, One is arranged on the centre position (as shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10) for feeding path, and another installs the end of feeding path, i.e., close At the charging aperture of gasification furnace, and the material of main part of rearmounted quick-break valve is made of low heat conductivity, on-deformable material, is played Heat-insulated effect.

In the specific embodiment that this programme is provided, the joining place of feeding path and gasification furnace is provided with lumenal cross-section Gradually small remaining portion, is altered for blocking outside gasification inner flue gas of the stove, it is ensured that be to be filled up completely with state in batcher.Preferably, The bottom surface of the remaining portion is closer to gasification furnace by stating the part of gasification furnace to be higher than it close to the part of feeding path, i.e. its bottom surface Higher inclined plane, its structure is referred to shown in Figure 10.Herein and it is not specifically limited, this area skill as its angle of inclination Art personnel can use different length and the remaining portion of inclined bottom surface angle according to actual material situation and reaction needs etc., or Person in remaining portion using bottom surface level and top surface it is downward-sloping by the way of.

In order to further optimize above-mentioned technical scheme, feeding wind apparatus is provided with remaining portion.Specifically, according to thing The density and compression ratio of material annular can set feeding wind at remaining portion, feeding air port to be oblique towards in stove, blast pipe and body of heater Gradient is in 0-45 degree between radial direction, and its structure refer to shown in Figure 10, specifically can provide above-mentioned send using feeding wind cyclone Expect wind.

Biomass class solid waste provided in an embodiment of the present invention and dangerous waste feeding system, also including liquid feeding feed system； The liquid feeding feed system includes delivery pump, stokehold flow container and multiple liquid storage tanks；Wherein, the discharging opening of multiple liquid storage tanks The charging aperture of stokehold flow container is communicated in, delivery pump is connected between liquid storage tank and stokehold flow container；The discharging opening of stokehold flow container Charging aperture for connecting gasification furnace.Liquid material is separately deposited according to classification, when needing feeding by therein a kind of or A variety of introducing stokeholds flow container；Pass through separated storage and feeding is fed, it is to avoid influencing each other between different type liquid material； The liquid material in the flow container of stokehold is transported in gasification furnace afterwards.

In the specific embodiment that this programme is provided, liquid feeding feed system also includes wiper mechanism, from swelling water The clear water of case as shown in figure 11, stokehold flow container is introduced into one or more liquid materials by being pumped into liquid storage tank, And after being transported in gasification furnace, first stokehold storage tank can be cleaned with clear water as needed, reprocess other liquid objects Material；Or cleaned in the case where impurity is blocked.Preferably, being cleaned in above-mentioned wiper mechanism using hot water.

In order to further optimize above-mentioned technical scheme, liquid feeding feed system also includes atomizer, and atomizer enters Material mouth is communicated in the discharging opening of stokehold flow container.The first orifice plate is provided with the charging aperture of atomizer, discharging opening is provided with the second hole Multiple air jet orifices are offered on plate, the side wall of center section.Liquid material radially advances in pipeline, first by the first orifice plate The very thin current of multiply are split into, afterwards into the spray chamber in atomizer, multiply air is radially all by air jet orifices Circle, which is sprayed into, to be come；In above-mentioned spray chamber, liquid-to-air fully contacts mixing, is implemented in combination with atomization；Eventually pass the second hole Plate sprays into gasification furnace.Above-mentioned air can be provided by air compressor machine, be kept in compressed air cylinder.

In addition, according to the difference of calorific value, and subsequent treatment process is actually needed, can also be direct by operative liquid material It is transported in combustion tower and is directly burnt.

In the preferred embodiment that this programme is provided, before liquid material is transported in gasification furnace, first it is carried out pre- Heat, can specifically carry out at the heat exchanger after the flow container of stokehold, provide good basis for follow-up gasification, its structure can join According to shown in Figure 11.

By the above-mentioned liquid feeding feed system for liquid material characteristic, the demand of different type material is met, The biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste feeding system of perfect this programme.

It refer to shown in Fig. 9, feeding system conveys material in order, by screw conveyor under the siccative storehouse of ground by material The stokehold feed bin for delivering to a high position (can be by bucket type elevator or embedded scraper transporter or high angle belt conveyer conveyer or pipe chain Formula conveyer etc.)；Preferably, to avoid airborne dust, emission of bad smell in material conveying process etc., conveying equipment should be closed Conveying.

Smoke processing system include be sequentially connected SNCR (SNCR) towers (not shown), chilling take off Acid tower, neutralizing tower, absorption tower, deduster and scrubbing tower；The flying dust that process deduster therein is collected, which is discharged, to be focused on, and is passed through The sewage crossed after scrubbing tower wet scrubbing is dealt carefully with through discharge.

Smoke processing system in biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste processing procedure that the present invention is provided, is carried out successively to flue gas SNCR processing, chilling depickling processing, neutralisation treatment, absorption processing, dust removal process and carrying out washing treatment, so as to effectively reduce in flue gas The discharge of harmful substance, it is ensured that the flue gas for completing above-mentioned processing being capable of qualified discharge.

Preferably, being sprayed into SNCR towers using ammoniacal liquor or urea as reducing agent in fume high-temperature area, to suppress nitrogen oxygen The generation of compound, controls NOx concentration.Specifically, the concentration of ammoniacal liquor or urea is 40%, to reach best effect.

Chilling depickling is handled and can realized by alkali lye (calcium alkali or soda), i.e. wet method depickling, the liquid and flue gas of atomization The moment of contact produces physical change and chemical reaction, reaches acid and suppression harmful substance generation (such as two in removing flue gas Dislike English) purpose.Preferably, carrying out chilling depickling processing using NaOH solution in chilling extracting tower, concentration can be specially 5%, now water be all evaporated to water vapour.

In the specific embodiment that this programme is provided, by the flue-gas temperature of waste heat boiler in 500-550 degree, through over-quenching 150-200 degree is reduced to after depickling processing, neutralisation treatment is carried out afterwards.Preferably, being done in neutralizing tower using NaOH powder Method neutralisation treatment.Specially the NaOH powder (caustic soda) by heating is sprayed into using nitrogen and reacted in neutralizing tower with flue gas. First caustic soda can be pulverized using grinder, preferably, NaOH powder is first warming up to more than 100 before spraying into.If in With calcium hydroxide is used in processing, its product obtained with flue gas is powdered, is not easy to reclaim, can be mixed with subsequent technique material Close, it is difficult to separate, cause its consumption than larger；And this programme uses NaOH powder (caustic soda), itself and flue gas in neutralisation treatment Obtained sulfide is graininess, can easily carry out recycling, consumption very little, so that effectively at reduction flue gas The cost of reason.

In order to further optimize above-mentioned technical scheme, also include in neutralisation treatment：To passing through NaOH powder dry process Flue gas afterwards is removed processing and recycled, and removal processing refers to the sulfide grain in filtering flue gas, and recycling refers to receipts Collect sulfide grain and be chemically treated and obtain NaOH.

The concrete mode for removing processing is referred to shown in the caustic soda dry powder collection device in Figure 13, the filler recovery in it The entrance of device is set less than outlet, is provided with filter mechanism in its path, the micropore opened up thereon can effectively stop solids Matter (particulate matter).Operationally, flue gas is entered by the entrance of filler recovery device low level, during its lumen passageway rises, Granular sulfide can not be by filter mechanism, and flue gas by separation is final to be left from high-order outlet, into follow-up Processing unit.

In order to further optimize above-mentioned technical scheme, filler recovery device is rotary type, is specially in the present embodiment Rotated around the vertical axis of caustic soda dry powder collection device, so as to produce centrifugal force, help granular sulfide to fall after rise under The collecting mechanism of side.

Smoke processing system in biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste processing procedure provided in an embodiment of the present invention, on absorption tower Middle use activated carbon carries out the dioxin and heavy metal in absorption processing, absorption flue gas.

Neutralisation treatment of the prior art and absorption processing are often carried out in same reaction tower, and neutralisation treatment is low Position, absorbs processing in a high position, causes the material of two processing procedures to mix, it is difficult to separate and recover, cause the consumption of material Amount is than larger.In order to solve this problem, in scheme, neutralisation treatment and absorption processing are carried out in different reaction towers, i.e., Neutralizing tower and absorption tower be respectively arranged, it is to avoid the mixing of two kinds of reaction masses, is easy to recycle and reuse, so as to effectively drop Low running cost.

Preferably, the form that deduster is combined using bag-type dust, ceramic capillary dedusting and/or water film dedusting, will inhale The activated carbon trapping of attached dioxin.

In the specific embodiment that this programme is provided, the gas outlet of chilling extracting tower is communicated in the air inlet of neutralizing tower bottom Mouthful, the gas outlet on neutralizing tower top is communicated in the air inlet on absorption tower；And be provided with neutralizing tower for hindering what flue gas rose Flow-disturbing mechanism so that flue gas is detained in neutralizing tower, to extend the time that flue gas carries out neutralisation treatment, it is ensured that neutralization reaction is filled Point.

In order to further optimize above-mentioned technical scheme, the gas outlet on neutralizing tower top is communicated in the air inlet of absorption tower bottom Mouthful, the gas outlet on absorption tower top is communicated in the air inlet of deduster；It is provided with absorption tower for hindering disturbing for flue gas rising Mechanism is flowed so that flue gas is detained in absorption tower, to extend the time that flue gas absorb processing, it is ensured that fully absorb in flue gas Dioxin and heavy metal.

Preferably, the structure of the flow-disturbing mechanism in neutralizing tower and absorption tower can be specially：First end is fixedly connected on Point to the inside of tower in the inwall of tower, the second end；Further, the height at the second end is less than the height of first end, to be risen to flue gas Acted on to better obstruction flow-disturbing.

Often contain liquid (such as water droplet) in flue gas, white cigarette, the height that such flue gas rises are produced in discharge It is limited, it is unfavorable for diffusion.In the specific embodiment that this programme is provided, flue gas reheating is also associated with after scrubbing tower Device, for heating flue gas, can vaporize liquid therein (such as water droplet), be spread beneficial to flue gas, it is to avoid influence peripheral ring Border.

Smoke processing system in biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste processing procedure provided in an embodiment of the present invention, also including even It is connected on the air-introduced machine between deduster and scrubbing tower.

Discharged from scrubbing tower by the flue gas being repeatedly washed out by chimney, in order to further optimize above-mentioned technology Scheme, sets smoke on-line monitoring system on chimney, the exhaust gas constituents that are discharged into air can be being monitored in real time, when harmful When the index of material transfinites, warning is sent, with timely correcting process system；Or directly feed back the function reality of everywhither science and engineering skill Existing module, such as increase activated carbon in the consumption of NaOH powder in the consumption of NaOH solution in chilling extracting tower, neutralizing tower, absorption tower Consumption, improve deduster dust collection capacity, increase scrubbing tower in washing times.

The basic technology of this programme：SNCR+ chillings tower+dry method+activated carbon injection+sack cleaner+wet scrubber tower+cigarette Gas reheater.Certainly, according to ecological requirements, smoke processing system is not quite similar, can be according to actual conditions to above-mentioned each step Specific system in rapid carries out appropriate adjustment.

The embodiment of each in this specification is described by the way of progressive, and what each embodiment was stressed is and other Between the difference of embodiment, each embodiment identical similar portion mutually referring to.

The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, enables professional and technical personnel in the field to realize or using the present invention. A variety of modifications to these embodiments will be apparent for those skilled in the art, as defined herein General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, it is of the invention The embodiments shown herein is not intended to be limited to, and is to fit to and principles disclosed herein and features of novelty phase one The most wide scope caused.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste processing system, it is characterised in that including be sequentially connected pretreatment system, feeding System, pyrolysis gasification system, burning vapour system processed and smoke processing system；

The burning vapour system processed therein includes combustion furnace and vapour equipment processed, and the outlet side of the combustion furnace is communicated in the system The inlet end of vapour equipment；Combustion gas feeding mechanism and air feeding mechanism are provided with the combustion furnace；The air feeding mechanism An air distribution mechanism, secondary air distribution mechanism and the three air distribution mechanisms set gradually including the direction of advance along combustion gas, described one Secondary air distribution mechanism is close to the inlet end of the combustion furnace, and three air distribution mechanisms are close to the outlet side of the combustion furnace；It is described Combustion gas feeding mechanism is set between an air distribution feeding mechanism and the secondary air distribution feeding mechanism；

The pyrolysis gasification system includes gasification furnace, gas-solid separating device and air preheater；The outlet of the gasification furnace In the entrance of the gas-solid separating device, the outlet of the gas-solid separating device is used for the entrance for connecting combustion furnace；The gasification The wind pushing mechanism of stove includes the main wind wind pushing mechanism for being arranged on its underpart, and is disposed therein the fluidisation Secondary Air mechanism on top； The gas-solid separating device includes one-level separating mechanism and the second-order separation mechanism；The outlet of the gasification furnace is in the one-level The entrance of separating mechanism, the solid matter outlet of the one-level separating mechanism is in the gasification furnace；The one-level seperator The gas outlet of structure is communicated in the entrance of the second-order separation mechanism, and the gas outlet of the second-order separation mechanism is communicated in described The entrance of air preheater, the outlet of the air preheater is used for the entrance for connecting the combustion furnace.

2. biomass class solid waste according to claim 1 and dangerous waste processing system, it is characterised in that the secondary gas-distributing fan Structure is used along the tangential many uniform gas circuits of the combustion furnace circumference.

3. biomass class solid waste according to claim 2 and dangerous waste processing system, it is characterised in that the combustion furnace is vertical Formula, the combustion gas feeding mechanism uses combustion gas cyclone, and the combustion gas cyclone includes many circumferentially tangential uniform branch roads, And each branch road caliber is sequentially reduced according to the distance to main fuel gas inlet.

4. biomass class solid waste according to claim 3 and dangerous waste processing system, it is characterised in that in vertical shaft furnace The steady combustion engine structure of flow-disturbing is used as using the porous steady combustion tower of biconial；The taper that the porous steady combustion tower of biconial includes two stackings is steady Fire body, the miner diameter end of the taper combustion stabilizing body is offered multiple on the taper combustion stabilizing body towards the outlet side of the combustion furnace Along its axial through hole.

5. biomass class solid waste according to claim 1 and dangerous waste processing system, it is characterised in that the row of the gasification furnace Slag system is intermittently starting formula.

6. biomass class solid waste according to claim 1 and dangerous waste processing system, it is characterised in that the pretreatment system Including：Preprocessor structure and desiccation mechanism, and the conveying mechanism being connected between above-mentioned functions mechanism；

Wherein, the discharge end of the preprocessor structure is communicated in the feed end of the desiccation mechanism；

The preprocessor structure includes disintegrating mechanism and pressure filtration mechanism；

The pressure filtration mechanism uses weight formula mechanism, belt mechanism and/or plate and frame mechanism；

The desiccation mechanism is by the way of conduction-type drier is combined with tray drying mechanism, and the tray drying mechanism Top be separately passed through mouth provided with thermal medium, bottom is separately passed through mouth provided with cold medium.

7. biomass class solid waste according to claim 1 and dangerous waste processing system, it is characterised in that the feeding system bag Include solid-state feeding feed system；The solid-state feeding feed system includes：Stokehold feed bin and feed mechanism；And the feed mechanism Path in be provided with quick-break valve for blocking flame and flue gas.

8. biomass class solid waste according to claim 1 and dangerous waste processing system, it is characterised in that the fume treatment system System includes SNCR towers, chilling extracting tower, neutralizing tower, absorption tower, deduster and the scrubbing tower being sequentially connected.