CN104813890B - It is a kind of to promote the method beared fruit of being bloomed after walnut Spring frost - Google Patents
It is a kind of to promote the method beared fruit of being bloomed after walnut Spring frost Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to repair remedial technique field after fruit tree frost damage, bear fruit problem to solve to lack after current walnut Late frost Accelerate bloom, having a strong impact on production problems, there is provided a kind of method for promoting to bloom after walnut Spring frost and bearing fruit.After walnut frost damage, pruning modes are implemented according to freeze injury degree, the Growth status mixed by vitamin C, Tea Polyphenols and thiophanate methyl and water is sprayed after freeze injury immediately and recovers liquid；In walnut side mixed bud florescence, spray walnut pollen aqueous suspensions；When Walnut Fruit is expanded, the nutrient solution of bearing fruit mixed in proportion by ferrous sulfate, urea, borax, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, water is sprayed.Actively remedied after walnut frost, promote the secondary rudiment of walnut, effectively improve fruit-setting rate, low cost is simple and easy to apply；Accelerate bloom is beared fruit after walnut frost.Dosage component inoxidizability is strong, and pollination property is good, and nutritional ingredient meets physiological demand after walnut frost, it is easy to recover and remedy the growth of walnut, and walnut morbidity is few.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to remedial technique field is repaired after fruit tree frost damage, and in particular to one kind promotes after walnut Spring frost
Bloom the method beared fruit.
Background technology
Walnut is one of world's " four big nuts ", is also one of traditional advantage forestry special product of China.Due to China's walnut
Transplant mostly in Hills, along with global warming, spring temperature variation abnormality in recent years, walnut is by Spring frost shadow
Ring more serious, the production loss thereby resulted in is larger.As Shanxi Province's Late frost in 2013 causes the total crop failure of large area walnut, loss
Heaviness, the serious contusion enthusiasm of orchard worker, constrains the development of Walnut Industry.By global warming, greenhouse effects etc. no
Sharp factor influence, the problem of frequently frostbite freeze injury turns into urgent need to resolve during Walnut Industry health rapidly and efficiently develops.Therefore grind
Study carefully walnut Spring frost Control Technology, carrying out the anti-of walnut Spring frost and controlling has ten to China's Walnut, increasing peasant income
Divide important meaning.
Before frost or centre is common frost protection method using adequate measure.Such as using fumigation, irrigate and covering
Traditional frost prevention method；Also using large-scale agriculture project mechanical fan is installed, even with helicopter in crop overhead pair
Air, which carries out disturbance, mixes upper and lower layer of air, and then improves the new method of surface layer plant growth temperature, and these are all achieved
Some antifrost effects.But these methods waste time and energy, the frost protection extent of injury and it is limited in scope.What is had easily causes surrounding air dirt
Dye, can make forest fire protection situation also become severe；And have then need larger investment and the energy, its cost is higher, is unfavorable for pushing away
Extensively.
Using promoting side mixed bud to sprout and then result after generation frost damage, it is a measure actively remedied, can reach
Reduce freeze injury loss purpose.Walnut is by after freeze injury, and tree body is weak, and tree body internal hormone is unbalance, and male flower has been subjected to
Freeze injury is lost or loose powder comes off, and substantial amounts of nutrient is badly in need of when side mixed bud is sprouted in addition, though so cause the mixed bud to sprout
Send out, branch out or bloom, but later stage usually large area fruit drop, ultimately cause the underproduction or even the consequence having no harvest.Some are used for
The agricultural chemicals of frost damage plant recovery, quick-acting fertilizer etc. such as with urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, which is sprayed, can be used to promote plant
Growth.Chinese Patent Application No. 201210058432.9, which also discloses chitosan oligosaccharide and combinations thereof, to be used to recover crop life after frostbite
Long purposes, also has certain facilitation to the growth of crop.Due to each aggrieved feelings of plant seeds after by frost damage
There is some difference for condition, needs to use different measures when being remedied.Walnut is by after frost damage, according to freeze injury weight journey
Degree, can be presented different manifestations, can all be endured cold blackening from male flower bud, mixed bud to tender young sprout even young fruit, greatly affected core
The production of peach.But there is presently no the method beared fruit about promoting walnut to bloom after walnut Late frost.
The content of the invention
The present invention bears fruit problem to solve to lack after current walnut Late frost Accelerate bloom, and then has a strong impact on yield
There is provided a kind of method for promoting to bloom after walnut Spring frost and bearing fruit for problem.
What the present invention was realized by following technical scheme：It is a kind of to promote the method beared fruit of being bloomed after walnut frost damage, including such as
Lower step：When walnut male flower bud and bearing basal shoot terminal bud or male flower bud and fruitful branch give birth to spray training then freezes to death, successively
Spray Growth status and recover liquid, walnut pollen aqueous suspensions, nutrient solution of bearing fruit；When male flower bud and fruitful branch give birth to spray top then
Or young fruit is when freezing to death, whole young sprouts are first wiped out, then spray Growth status successively and recover liquid, walnut pollen aqueous suspensions, nutrition of bearing fruit
Liquid；The Growth status recover liquid by water, the vitamin C of 0.02~1.0% water weight, 0.01~1.0% water weight Tea Polyphenols
Mixed with the thiophanate methyl of 0.02~2.0% water weight；Pollen presses 1 with water in the walnut pollen aqueous suspensions:2000~
6000 weight ratios are mixed；The nutrient solution of bearing fruit is by water, the ferrous sulfate of 0.001~0.25% water weight, 0.1~0.3%
The urea of water weight, the borax of 0.1~0.3% water weight, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.05~0.2% water weight are mixed.
Concretely comprise the following steps：（1）When male flower bud and bearing basal shoot terminal bud, or i.e. raw spray is whole then for male flower bud and fruitful branch
When branch is freezed to death, Growth status is sprayed to walnut and recovers liquid；In walnut side mixed bud florescence, walnut pollen is sprayed to walnut
Aqueous suspensions；When Walnut Fruit is expanded, nutrient solution of bearing fruit is sprayed；（2）When male flower bud and fruitful branch i.e. then give birth to spray top or
When young fruit is freezed to death, whole young sprouts are wiped out, Growth status is sprayed to walnut and recovers liquid；In walnut side mixed bud florescence, to core
Peach sprays walnut pollen aqueous suspensions；When Walnut Fruit is expanded, nutrient solution of bearing fruit is sprayed.
It is respectively 15kg/ mus that the Growth status, which recovers liquid, walnut pollen aqueous suspensions, the amount of spraying for nutrient solution of bearing fruit,.Institute
Stating in walnut pollen aqueous suspensions pollen includes then and/or former years collection pollen, gathering pollen with former years then mixed with arbitrary proportion
Close.
When walnut by Spring frost degree for it is lighter or heavier when, i.e. male flower bud and bearing basal shoot（That is annual shoot）Top
Bud, or male flower bud and fruitful branch（Spray is given birth to then）When training is freezed to death, Growth status is sprayed successively and recovers liquid, walnut pollen
Aqueous suspensions, nutrient solution of bearing fruit；When walnut by Spring frost for it is moderate when, i.e. male flower bud and fruitful branch（Give birth to then tender
Branch）When top or young fruit are freezed to death, whole young sprouts are first wiped out, then spray Growth status successively and recovers liquid, walnut pollen aqueous suspensions, sit
Fruit nutrient solution.
Plant tends to occur peroxidation of membrane lipids under adverse environmental factor, and its MDA produced can major injury biology
Film.Addition VC and polyphenol polyphenoils can remove free radical；Antisepsis and sterilization effect of curing the wound is played together with thiophanate methyl.
Work pollen in pollen aqueous suspensions can directly be fertilized, and dead pollen can stimulate apomixia.Pollen aqueous suspensions utilize pollen
Promote fertilization and apomixia effect.Nutrient solution of bearing fruit is the further consolidation of effect of bearing fruit to the medicament Accelerate bloom,
The a large amount of nutritional ingredients of tree body are had already consumed by because freeze injury early stage walnut takes out the tip and blooms to bear fruit, and these nutritional ingredients can only be by
Tree body stores supply in itself, that is, the blade of nutritional ingredient is not at this moment manufactured on tree, organic along with root system activity is weaker
Nutrient, moisture, mineral nutrition source can only lean on the nutrient supply that tree body is stored.Therefore, tree body wants restoration ecosystem after freeze injury, it is necessary to
By elements such as the extraneous N P and Ks of supplement in time, physiology after walnut frost, growth demand could be met.
The present invention using walnut pollen, VC, Tea Polyphenols, thiophanate methyl, ferrous sulfate, urea, borax, potassium dihydrogen phosphate as
Raw material, adds suitable quantity of water and is prepared into aqueous suspensions or the aqueous solution respectively, in latter period of walnut frost spray by several times.This hair
The bright different manifestations and nutrient growth and reproductive growth characteristic being directed to after walnut frost damage, using the material of inoxidizability, core
The materials such as peach flower powder, nutrient solution carry out efficient combination, and can preventing from blooming after walnut frost, it is low to bear fruit, and walnut yield can be promoted to carry
It is high.
Compared with prior art：The method of the invention can promote walnut two to actively being remedied after walnut frost
Secondary rudiment, effectively improves fruit-setting rate, and low cost is simple and easy to apply, overcome existing walnut frost protection method simply before frost and
Centre is carried out, not the method to being remedied after frost；Because medicament is sprayed stage by stage, therefore difference is given full play to
The function of medicament, reaches the purpose that Accelerate bloom is beared fruit after walnut frost；Required walnut pollen is by former years collection storage and then
Collection pollen mixed with arbitrary proportion, or it is single use and obtain, pollen source is convenient and easy.The medicament of the present invention sprayed
Component inoxidizability is strong, and pollination property is good, and nutritional ingredient meets physiological demand after walnut frost, it is easy to recovers and remedies walnut
Growth, walnut morbidity is few.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1：It is a kind of to promote the method beared fruit of being bloomed after walnut frost damage, comprise the following steps：When walnut male flower bud
It is annual shoot terminal bud with fruitful branch, or male flower bud and fruitful branch when giving birth to spray training and freezing to death then, and tree is sprayed to walnut
Body growth recovery liquid；In walnut side mixed bud florescence, walnut pollen aqueous suspensions are sprayed to walnut；Expanded in Walnut Fruit
When, spray nutrient solution of bearing fruit.The Growth status recover liquid by water, the vitamin C of 0.02% water weight, 1.0% water weight tea
Polyphenol and the thiophanate methyl of 0.15% water weight are mixed；Pollen presses 1 with water in the walnut pollen aqueous suspensions:4000 weights
Amount ratio is mixed；The nutrient solution of bearing fruit is by water, the ferrous sulfate of 0.25% water weight, the urea of 0.15% water weight, 0.1%
The borax of water weight, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.1% water weight are mixed.The Growth status recovers liquid, walnut pollen water and hanged
Liquid, the amount of spraying for nutrient solution of bearing fruit are respectively 15kg/ mus.Pollen uses and gathers pollen then in the walnut pollen aqueous suspensions.
Embodiment 2：It is a kind of to promote the method beared fruit of being bloomed after walnut frost damage, comprise the following steps：When male flower bud and knot
When fruit branch is given birth to spray top or young fruit then and freezed to death, whole young sprouts are wiped out, Growth status is sprayed to walnut and recovers liquid；In core
In peach side mixed bud florescence, walnut pollen aqueous suspensions are sprayed to walnut；When Walnut Fruit is expanded, nutrient solution of bearing fruit is sprayed.
The Growth status recovers liquid by water, the vitamin C of 1.0% water weight, the Tea Polyphenols of 0.01% water weight and 0.02% water weight
Thiophanate methyl is mixed；Pollen presses 1 with water in the walnut pollen aqueous suspensions:6000 weight ratios are mixed；It is described to sit
Fruit nutrient solution is by water, the ferrous sulfate of 0.001% water weight, the urea of 0.3% water weight, the borax of 0.3% water weight, 0.05%
The potassium dihydrogen phosphate of water weight is mixed.The Growth status recovers liquid, walnut pollen aqueous suspensions, nutrient solution of bearing fruit and sprayed
Amount is respectively 15kg/ mus.Pollen gathers pollen using former years in the walnut pollen aqueous suspensions.
Embodiment 3：It is a kind of to promote the method beared fruit of being bloomed after walnut frost damage, comprise the following steps：When walnut male flower bud
It is annual shoot terminal bud with fruitful branch, or male flower bud and fruitful branch when giving birth to spray training and freezing to death then, and tree is sprayed to walnut
Body growth recovery liquid；In walnut side mixed bud florescence, walnut pollen aqueous suspensions are sprayed to walnut；Expanded in Walnut Fruit
When, spray nutrient solution of bearing fruit.The Growth status recover liquid by water, the vitamin C of 0.5% water weight, 0.05% water weight tea
Polyphenol and the thiophanate methyl of 2.0% water weight are mixed；Pollen presses 1 with water in the walnut pollen aqueous suspensions:2000 weight
Than mixing；The nutrient solution of bearing fruit is by water, the ferrous sulfate of 0.12% water weight, the urea of 0.1% water weight, 0.2% water
The borax of weight, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.2% water weight are mixed.The Growth status recover liquid, walnut pollen aqueous suspensions,
The amount of spraying of nutrient solution of bearing fruit is respectively 15kg/ mus.Pollen uses and gathers pollen then in the walnut pollen aqueous suspensions.
Embodiment 4：It is a kind of to promote the method beared fruit of being bloomed after walnut frost damage, comprise the following steps：When male flower bud and knot
When fruit branch is given birth to spray top or young fruit then and freezed to death, whole young sprouts are wiped out, Growth status is sprayed to walnut and recovers liquid；In core
In peach side mixed bud florescence, walnut pollen aqueous suspensions are sprayed to walnut；When Walnut Fruit is expanded, nutrient solution of bearing fruit is sprayed.
The Growth status recovers liquid by water, the vitamin C of 0.5% water weight, the Tea Polyphenols of 0.05% water weight and 2.0% water weight
Thiophanate methyl is mixed；Pollen presses 1 with water in the walnut pollen aqueous suspensions:2000 weight ratios are mixed；It is described to sit
Fruit nutrient solution is by water, the ferrous sulfate of 0.12% water weight, the urea of 0.1% water weight, the borax of 0.2% water weight, 0.2% water
The potassium dihydrogen phosphate of weight is mixed.The Growth status recovers liquid, walnut pollen aqueous suspensions, the amount of spraying for nutrient solution of bearing fruit
Respectively 15kg/ mus.Pollen is used in the walnut pollen aqueous suspensions is mixed with former years collection pollen with arbitrary proportion then.
Experimental example 1：A villages Hetaoyuan, walnut is 12 years raw early real kinds.After on April 8th, 2013 frost, when walnut is male
Bud and bearing basal shoot（That is annual shoot）When terminal bud is freezed to death, a Growth status is sprayed to A1 to A10 standard trees immediately extensive
Multiple liquid, Growth status recover liquid by water, the VC of 0.02% water weight, the Tea Polyphenols of 1.0% water weight, 0.15% water weight methyl
Thiophanate is mixed；After 15 days, the mixed bud of walnut side life is bloomed, and sprays walnut pollen aqueous suspensions.Walnut pollen aqueous suspensions
Middle pollen presses 1 with water:4000 weight ratio is mixed, and walnut flower powder needed for it comes to be gathered after -15 DEG C of storages then
Pollen.Pollen Activity is 38%；Again after 10 days, Walnut Fruit is expanded, and now sprays nutrient solution of bearing fruit, and nutrient solution of bearing fruit is by water
0.25% ferrous sulfate, 0.15% urea, 0.1% borax, 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the water of weight are mixed.Every kind of medicament is every
The mu amount of spraying converts into 15kg.Each standard branch children is counted after full-bloom stage SS tree Plays branch Female Flower Number, physiological fallen fruit
Harvested after fruit quantity, fruit maturation, calculate walnut in tree crown specific vertical projected area production nut amount, and statistical test group rotten
Rotten sick disease rates（Following examples, comparative example and normal year example are counted with the method）.
Experimental example 2：B village Hetaoyuan, walnut is 15 years raw early real kinds.After on April 26th, 2010 frost, male flower bud and
Fruitful branch（Spray is given birth to then）When training is freezed to death, walnut, which is remedied, sprays medicament method such as embodiment 1, simply changes tree body life
It is long to recover liquid, walnut pollen aqueous suspensions, nutrient solution of bearing fruit composition, sprayed to A11 to A20 standard trees.The recovery liquid by water,
The VC of 1.0% water weight, the Tea Polyphenols of 0.01% water weight, the thiophanate methyl of 0.02% water weight are mixed；Walnut pollen water
Pollen presses 1 with water in suspension:6000 weight ratio is mixed, and wherein pollen is to gather the pollen after -15 DEG C of storages then,
Vigor is 32%；Nutrient solution bear fruit by 0.001% ferrous sulfate of water weight, 0.3% urea, 0.3% borax, 0.05% biphosphate
Potassium is mixed with water.
Experimental example 3：C villages Hetaoyuan, walnut is 10 years raw early real kinds.After on April 8th, 2013 frost, walnut is frozen
Evil degree and remedy and spray medicament method such as embodiment 1, simply change Growth status recovery liquid, walnut pollen aqueous suspensions, bear fruit
Nutrient solution is constituted, and is sprayed to A21 to A30 standard trees.Growth status recovers liquid by water, the VC of 0.5% water weight, 0.5% water weight
The Tea Polyphenols of amount, the thiophanate methyl of 2% water weight are mixed；Pollen presses 1 with water in walnut pollen aqueous suspensions:2000 weight
Amount ratio is mixed, and pollen is to gather the pollen after -15 DEG C of storages last year, and vigor is 0%；Nutrient solution bear fruit by water weight
0.12% ferrous sulfate, 0.1% urea, 0.2% borax, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water are mixed.
Experimental example 4：D towns Hetaoyuan, walnut is 10 years raw early real kinds.On April 26th, 2010, after frost, walnut is male
Bud and fruitful branch（Spray is given birth to then）When top or young fruit are freezed to death, pruning modes are carried out to J1 to J10 numbers trees, whole is wiped out
Young sprout, then sprays Growth status in embodiment 1 and recovers liquid, walnut pollen aqueous suspensions, nutrient solution of bearing fruit successively.
Comparative example 1：On April 8th, 2013, A villages Hetaoyuan, walnut is 12 years raw early real kinds.Performance is as before after frost
State embodiment 1.The water mixed liquid being made up of 0.3% urea, 0.5% amino acid is simply once sprayed to B1 to B10 numbers trees immediately.
Comparative example 2：On April 26th, 2010, B village Hetaoyuan, walnut is 15 years raw early real kinds.Performance is as before after frost
State embodiment 2.Simply once spray the aqueous solution containing 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate to B11 to B20 numbers trees immediately.
Comparative example 3：On April 8th, 2013, C villages Hetaoyuan, walnut is 10 years raw early real kinds.Frost arrives to light bavin
Grass and smoking device implement smoke frost resistance measure, B21 to B30 numbers trees of random searching.
Comparative example 4：On April 26th, 2010, D towns Hetaoyuan, walnut is 10 years raw early real kinds.Performance is as before after frost
State embodiment 4.Any remedial measure is not done to B31 to B40 numbers trees.
Comparative example 5：On April 8th, 2013, A villages Hetaoyuan, walnut is 12 years raw early real kinds.Performance and medicine after frost
Agent component such as embodiment 1, but change spraying method stage by stage, it is to B41 to B50 numbers after full-bloom stage mixes three kinds of medicaments
Tree disposably sprays.
Comparative example 6：On April 26th, 2010, D towns Hetaoyuan, walnut is 10 years raw early real kinds.Performance is as before after frost
State embodiment 4.To BJ1 to BJ10 numbers tree remedial measure such as embodiments 4, simply without pruning modes.
Normal year example：A villages Hetaoyuan, freeze injury does not occur for the plot walnut within 2012, and B51-B60 trees are investigated.
Bloom number, bear fruit number, yield, rot are carried out to above-mentioned all embodiments and the standard of the labelled tree of comparative example branch
The incidence of disease is investigated, and the results are shown in Table 1.
From above example, the present invention is sprayed after different component liquid stage by stage, walnut bloom number and fruit-setting rate it is obvious
Higher than the comparative example not sprayed according to the present invention；It is close with the normal year yield of frost damage does not occur, remedied recovering tree body
It is upper that substantially there is advantage.
Each leading indicator investigation after the walnut freeze injury of table 1
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method beared fruit of being bloomed after promotion walnut frost damage, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：When walnut male flower bud
With bearing basal shoot terminal bud or male flower bud and fruitful branch i.e. then give birth to spray training freeze to death when, spray successively Growth status recover liquid,
Walnut pollen aqueous suspensions, nutrient solution of bearing fruit；When the top that male flower bud and fruitful branch give birth to spray then is freezed to death or young fruit then
When freezing to death, whole young sprouts are first wiped out, then spray Growth status successively and recover liquid, walnut pollen aqueous suspensions, nutrient solution of bearing fruit；It is described
Growth status recover liquid by water, the vitamin C of 0.02~1.0% water weight, the Tea Polyphenols of 0.01~1.0% water weight and 0.02~
The thiophanate methyl of 2.0% water weight is mixed；Pollen presses 1 with water in the walnut pollen aqueous suspensions:2000~6000 weight
Than mixing；The nutrient solution of bearing fruit is by water, the ferrous sulfate of 0.001~0.25% water weight, 0.1~0.3% water weight
Urea, the borax of 0.1~0.3% water weight, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.05~0.2% water weight are mixed.
2. the method beared fruit of being bloomed after a kind of promotion walnut frost damage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Specific step
Suddenly it is：（1）When male flower bud and bearing basal shoot terminal bud, or male flower bud and fruitful branch when giving birth to spray training and freezing to death then, to core
Peach sprays Growth status and recovers liquid；In walnut side mixed bud florescence, walnut pollen aqueous suspensions are sprayed to walnut；In walnut
During Fruit, nutrient solution of bearing fruit is sprayed；（2）When the top that male flower bud and fruitful branch give birth to spray then is freezed to death or children then
When jelly is dead, whole young sprouts are wiped out, Growth status is sprayed to walnut and recovers liquid；In walnut side mixed bud florescence, to walnut
Tree sprays walnut pollen aqueous suspensions；When Walnut Fruit is expanded, nutrient solution of bearing fruit is sprayed.
3. the method beared fruit of being bloomed after a kind of promotion walnut frost damage according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Institute
It is respectively 15kg/ mus to state Growth status to recover liquid, walnut pollen aqueous suspensions, the amount of spraying for nutrient solution of bearing fruit.
4. the method beared fruit of being bloomed after a kind of promotion walnut frost damage according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Institute
It is one kind then or in former years collection pollen to state pollen in walnut pollen aqueous suspensions, or with former years gathers pollen to appoint then
Meaning ratio is mixed.
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| CN110810092A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-02-21 | 甘肃古道昕丰农业科技有限公司 | Method for preventing freezing injury of walnut late frost |
| CN112616489A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-09 | 山东省烟台市农业科学研究院 | Method for promoting fruit setting of western pear after freezing injury in flowering phase |
| CN113698251A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2021-11-26 | 怀化市林业科学研究所(湖南中坡国家森林公园管理处、怀化市中坡风景名胜管理处、怀化市中坡国有林场) | Walnut flowering phase regulating agent and preparation method and use method thereof |
| CN115136812A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-10-04 | 河北省林业和草原技术推广总站 | Method for rejuvenating walnut trees after low-temperature frost damage |
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| CN102138474B (en) * | 2010-12-25 | 2012-06-27 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Prevention and treatment method of freezing damage of loquat flower and fruit |
| CN103718899A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-04-16 | 时洪良 | Method for using tree anti-freezing agent |
| CN103718901A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-04-16 | 时洪良 | Application method of plant antifreezing solution |
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