CN104812737A - Compositions and methods for treatment of hyperglycemia - Google Patents

Compositions and methods for treatment of hyperglycemia Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104812737A
CN104812737A CN201380030654.2A CN201380030654A CN104812737A CN 104812737 A CN104812737 A CN 104812737A CN 201380030654 A CN201380030654 A CN 201380030654A CN 104812737 A CN104812737 A CN 104812737A
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independently
composition
compound
diabetes
treatment
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M·坎杜拉
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Cellix Bio Pvt Ltd
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    • C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D211/36—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
    • A61P5/48—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the pancreatic hormones
    • A61P5/50—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the pancreatic hormones for increasing or potentiating the activity of insulin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
    • A61P7/12—Antidiuretics, e.g. drugs for diabetes insipidus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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Abstract

The invention relates to the compounds of formula (I) or its pharmaceutical acceptable salts, as well as polymorphs, solvates, enantiomers, stereoisomers and hydrates thereof The pharmaceutical compositions comprising an effective amount of compounds of formula (I), and methods for the treatment of hyperglycemia may be formulated for oral, buccal, rectal, topical, transdermal, transmucosal, intravenous, parenteral administration, syrup, or injection. Such compositions may be used to treatment of insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, microvascular complications, macrovascular complications, lipid disorders, prediabetes, obesity, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, stroke, neuropathy, renal complications, hypertriglyceridemia, cardiovascular complications, and post prandial hyperglycemia.

Description

Be used for the treatment of composition and the method for hyperglycemia
Right of priority
This application claims the rights and interests of the India temporary patent application No.1811/CHE/2012 submitted on May 8th, 2012, all objects are depended on to whole disclosures of this temporary patent application, and this whole disclosure is incorporated in the application by reference.
Technical field
Present disclosure relates in general to the compound and composition that are used for the treatment of hyperglycemia, diabetes and insulin resistant.More specifically, the present invention relates to the compound with pharmaceutically acceptable dosage, crystal, ester class, steric isomer, enantiomer, salt, hydrate, prodrug or their mixture and carry out treatment target.
Background technology
Multiple metabolism syndrome is defined as multiple serious metabolism disorder, which increases cardiovascular disorder (CVD)---being still the most important cause of death in the Western countries---with the risk of diabetes B.Multiple metabolism syndrome is also referred to as insulin resistance syndrome, syndrome X, metabolism disorder syndrome or so-called dead quartet, it is characterized in that the exception of multiple metabolic risk mark, such as hyperinsulinemia, abnormal carbohydrate metabolism, the rising of triglyceride level blood plasma level, the decline of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) egg sterol (HDL-C) level, elevation of blood pressure, integrated distribution type be fat, endothelium and hemostatic function is impaired and mild inflammation state.
The feature of diabetes B (T2DM) is the too high and Regular Insulin relative deficiency of blood sugar on an empty stomach and after the meal.If treated not in time, hyperglycemia may cause long-term capillary blood vessel and macrovascular complications, as ephrosis, neuropathy, retinopathy and atherosclerosis.This disease causes significant M & M, brings sizable burden to patient, patient home and society.At present, the sickness rate of T2DM improves just in the world, wherein in the speedup of Africa, Asia and South America higher than Europe or the U.S..Therefore, nowadays T2DM is considered to pandemic disease.
Associated by oxidative stress has with diabetic complications always, and relate to its cause of disease.Result from reactive oxygen intermediate in plastosome, peroxysome and cytosol remove by cell defense system, comprise enzyme antioxidant (as superoxide-dismutase, Selenoperoxidase GPx, glutathione reductase and catalase) or non-enzymatic antioxidant (as gsh G-SH, Trx, Thioctic Acid, panthenol, albumin, uric acid, flavonoid, vitamin A, C and E etc.).Some are arranged in cytolemma, and other are arranged in cytosol, and other is then arranged in blood plasma.In hyperglycemia, the change of oxidative metabolism is that too high or Regular Insulin is definitely or the result of relative deficiency in blood sugar for long-term exposure; Regular Insulin regulates several reactions involved in redox metabolism.Although strong experimental evidence shows that oxidative stress can determine morbidity and the process of late stage diabetic complications, the raising about oxidative stress in hyperglycemia be only whether a kind of cognation and and still there is dispute in non-causality.
The process of acute disease depends on the potential pathology and symptom that solve disease usually.Current, need new composition in the art to treat or delay diabetes to be correlated with the morbidity of hyperglycemia and the development of related complication thereof.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides compound, composition containing these compounds and use their treatments, prevent and/or alleviate the method for impact of symptom of such as hyperglycemia.
The present invention provides the composition of contained I or its pharmacologically acceptable salt at this.The present invention also providing package contains the compound of one or more formula I or the pharmaceutical composition of its intermediate and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, medium or thinner.These compositions may be used for treatment hyperglycemia and related complication thereof.
In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to compound and the composition of formula I, or its pharmacologically acceptable salt,
Wherein,
R 1represent D, H, methyl, ethyl, CH independently 3cO-or
Each n is 0,1,2 or 3 independently;
R 2represent independently H, D,
R 3represent independently
A is 2,3 or 7 independently;
Each b is 3,5 or 6 independently;
E is 1,2 or 6 independently;
C and d is H, D ,-OH ,-OD, C independently of one another 1-C 6alkyl ,-NH 2or-COCH 3;
R 4, R 5, R 6, R 7be selected from H, D ,-OH ,-OD, methyl, ethyl ,-OCH independently of one another 3,-OCD 3or in ethanoyl.
In exemplary embodiment, the example of the compound of formula I is as follows:
Present invention also provides the test kit comprising in pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein any one.Described test kit can comprise the operation instruction being used for the treatment of hyperglycemia or its related complication.
Disclosed herein as well is the pharmaceutical composition comprising pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and described arbitrary composition herein.In some respects, described pharmaceutical composition is formulated for systemic administration, oral administration, sustained release, parenteral administration, injection, subcutaneous administration or transcutaneous applications.
Herein, the other providing package of the application is containing the test kit of pharmaceutical composition described herein.Described test kit can also comprise the operation instruction being used for the treatment of hyperglycemia or its related complication.
Composition described herein has some purposes.The application provides such as to suffering from hyperglycemia or showing as the related complication of metabolic condition or disorder, metabolism syndrome, chronic disease or obstacle, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistant, glucose intolerance, hepatopathy, the patient of cancer and breathing, blood, bone, cardiovascular, kidney, skin, blood vessel or eyes complication carries out the method for the treatment of.
Embodiment
Definition
As used herein, following term and phrase should have implication hereinafter described.Unless otherwise defined, otherwise whole scientific and technical terminology used herein has the identical meanings usually understood with those of ordinary skill in the art.
Compound of the present invention can exist with the form of pharmacologically acceptable salt.Compound of the present invention also can exist with the form of pharmaceutically acceptable ester (that is, waiting methyl and the ethyl ester of the acid of the formula I being used as prodrug).Compound of the present invention can also be completely solvated, i.e. hydration.Solvation can during manufacturing processed, namely the initial anhydrous compound of factor I hygroscopic nature and work or occur (hydration).
There is same molecular formula but different compounds is called as " isomers " in character or its atom order of connection or its steric arrangement.Isomerss different on its steric arrangement is called as " steric isomer ".Diastereomer is and the steric isomer with one or more chiral centre with opposite configuration of diastereomer.Mirror image can not be called as " enantiomer " by the overlapping steric isomer with one or more center of asymmetry each other.When compound has center of asymmetry, such as, if carbon atom group different from four connects, then a pair enantiomer is likely formed.Enantiomer can be characterized by the absolute configuration of its center of asymmetry or multiple center of asymmetry, and by R and the S ordering rule of Cahn, Ingold and Prelog or be described by the mode that molecule makes polarized light flat rotate and be appointed as dextrorotation or left-handed (being namely appointed as (+) or (-) isomers respectively).Chipal compounds can exist with the form of the enantiomer of single kind or their mixture.The mixture of the enantiomer containing equal proportion is called as " racemic mixture ".
As used herein, term " metabolic condition " refers to inborn errors of metabolism (or inherited metabolic symptom), its heredopathia for causing because of the defect in one or more pathways metabolism; Specifically, the function of enzyme is affected, causes the shortage of enzyme or do not exist completely.
In some embodiments, molecular bond comprises the compound be selected from LA (CAS No.1200-22-2), sasapyrin (CAS No.552-94-3), acetylcysteine (CAS No.616-91-1), timnodonic acid (CAS No.10417-94-4), docosahexenoic acid (CAS No.6217-54-5).
As used herein, the term " polymorphic form " approve to by this area and refer to a kind of crystalline structure of given compound.
Phrase as used in this article " parenteral administration " and " non-bowel dispenser " refer to except the dispenser pattern (such as inject) in intestines and except local drug delivery, and include, without being limited in intravenously, intramuscular, pleura, in Ink vessel transfusing, pericardium, in intra-arterial, sheath, in capsule, in socket of the eye, in heart, intracutaneous, intraperitoneal, under tracheae, subcutaneous, epidermis, under intraarticular, capsule, under arachnoid membrane, in backbone and intrasternal injection and transfusion.
Treat that " patient ", " object " or " host " treated by this subject methods can refer to that the mankind or non-human animal are as primates, Mammals and vertebrates.
Phrase " pharmaceutically acceptable " is by being approved this area.In certain embodiments, this term is included within the scope of abundant medical judgment and is applicable to and Mammals, human and animal's contact tissue and do not have the composition of overdosage toxicity, pungency, transformation reactions or other problem or complication, polymkeric substance and other material and/or formulation, and itself and rational income/Hazard ratio match.
Phrase " pharmaceutically acceptable carrier " is by being approved this area, and comprise and such as delivering or carrying pharmaceutically acceptable material, composition or medium involved in any theme composition from an organ of body or part to another organ of body or part, the weighting agent of such as liquid or solid, thinner, solvent or coating material.Often kind of carrier must the meaning of other component compatibility with theme composition be " acceptable ", and harmless for patient.In certain embodiments, pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is nonthermal.Some examples that can be used as pharmaceutically acceptable carrier comprise: (1) sugar, as lactose, dextrose plus saccharose; (2) starch, as W-Gum and yam starch; (3) cellulose and its derivates, as Xylo-Mucine, ethyl cellulose and cellulose ethanoate; (4) powdered tragacanth; (5) Fructus Hordei Germinatus; (6) gelatin; (7) talcum; (8) theobroma oil and suppository wax; (9) oil, as peanut oil, Oleum Gossypii semen, sunflower seed oil, sesame oil, sweet oil, Semen Maydis oil and soybean oil; (10) glycol, as propylene glycol; (11) polyvalent alcohol, as glycerine, Sorbitol Powder, mannitol and polyoxyethylene glycol; (12) ester, as ethyl oleate and Laurate ethyl; (13) agar; (14) buffer reagent, as magnesium hydroxide and aluminium hydroxide; (15) alginic acid; (16) apirogen water; (17) isotonic saline solution; (18) Ringer's solution (Ringer's solution); (19) ethanol; (20) phosphate buffer soln; And other non-toxic compatible material that (21) use in pharmaceutical formulations.
Term " prodrug " is intended to comprise the compound being converted into therapeutic activity medicament of the present invention in physiological conditions.The common methods making prodrug is comprise the selected part being hydrolyzed to discharge desired molecule in physiological conditions.In other embodiments, prodrug is transformed by the enzymic activity of host animal.
Term " preventative or therapeutic " treatment by being approved this area, and comprises and uses one or more theme compositions to host.If dispenser before clinical manifestation goes out undesirable symptom (disease of such as host animal or other undesirable state), then treatment is for preventative, namely protects host to avoid developing undesirable symptom; And if dispenser after showing undesirable symptom, then treatment is curative (being namely intended to reduce, alleviate or stablize and existingly do not wish symptom or its side effect).
As used herein, the term " prediction " refer in the future time window (prediction window) of specifying, assessed by the probability of deformity or complication and/or end platelet aggregation or exhaustion and/or death (i.e. mortality ratio) for related disorder patients.Described mortality ratio can be caused by central nervous system or complication.Described prediction window is that object will develop the timed interval of one or more above-mentioned complication according to prediction probability.When being analyzed by method of the present invention, prediction window can be whole residual lifes of object.
Term " treatment " by being approved this area, and comprises and prevents disease, disorder or symptom from can tend in advance this disease, disorder and/or symptom occur but being not yet diagnosed as in the animal suffering from this disease, disorder or symptom occur; Suppress described disease, disorder or symptom, such as, hinder the development of this disease, disorder or symptom; And alleviate described disease, disorder or symptom, such as cause this disease, the disappearing of disorder and/or symptom.Disease therapy or symptom are included in even without when having influence on essence physiopathology, alleviate at least one symptom of specified disease or symptom, such as by using medicament, even if when the symptom origin cause of formation do not treated by this medicament, carry out the treatment of hyperglycemia, insulin resistant, diabetes, diabetes insipidus, type 1 diabetes, diabetes B, microvascular complication, macrovascular complications, hyperlipemia, hypertriglyceridemia, cardiovascular complication and post prandial hyperglycemia to object.As used herein, the term " treatment " comprise the treatment of healing property, prevention property (such as preventative), complementary and palliative.
Phrase " treatment significant quantity " is the term approved for this area.In certain embodiments, this term refers to the amount of salt disclosed herein or composition, and described amount produces the effect of certain expection with the reasonable benefit/Hazard ratio being applicable to any therapeutic treatment.In certain embodiments, this term refers to and to be eliminated by medical symptom within for some time or to reduce the necessary or enough amount of institute.Significant quantity can according to the disease in such as treatment or symptom, use in factor from particular target to the seriousness of the size of construct, object or disease or symptom and change.Those of ordinary skill in the art can empirically determine particular composition significant quantity and without the need to undo experimentation.
In certain embodiments, described herein pharmaceutical composition is to make described composition can be delivered to patient to treat significant quantity thus to prepare as mode that is preventative or therapeutic treatment part.Desired composition amount to patient to be administered will depend on the absorption of medicine, inactivation and discharge rate and salt and the composition delivery rate by theme composition.It should be noted that dose value also can change along with the seriousness of symptom to be slowed down.It is to be further understood that for any specific object, should according to individual need and the professional judgement using or instruct the people using composition, along with time lapse regulates concrete dosage.Typically, dosage will utilize technology known to those of skill in the art to determine.
In addition, can regulate to the optimum concn of any specific salt or composition and/or amount or dosage the change that adapts to treat parameter.These treatment parameters comprise the clinical application (position of such as treating) of preparation trend of purchasing, the type (the such as mankind or non-human, adult or children) of patient, and the character of disease or symptom.
In certain embodiments, the dosage of the theme composition provided herein can be determined by reference to the plasma concentration of therapeutic composition or other coating material.Such as, can use under maximal plasma concentration (Cmax) and plasma concentration v. time curve from the time be 0 to infinitely-great area.
When using in pharmaceutical composition or other material, term " sustained release " is by being approved this area.Such as, with make the material disposable biological of all dosage can single fast (bolus) type use contrary, through time h substance theme composition can demonstrate the characteristic of sustained release.Such as, in certain embodiments, when contacting with body fluid (comprising blood, spinal fluid, mucus secretion or lymph liquid etc.), one or more pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle can (compared with discharging fast with single) is carried out progressively or postponed within the time continued or extend degraded (such as pass through be hydrolyzed), discharges any material (such as medicine and/or bioactive salts and/or composition) wherein comprised simultaneously.This release can make the prolongation of the treatment significant quantity of any healing potion disclosed herein send.
Phrase " systemic administration ", " general is used ", " periphery is used " and " peripheral use " by being approved this area, and are included in and use theme composition, medicine or other material away from disease therapy position.For the using of medicament being used for the treatment of disease, unless be applied directly in central nervous system and (such as passed through subcutaneous administration), even if otherwise this medicament systemically distributes subsequently, still can be called as " local ", " locally " or " regionality " use, thus enter patient body system, and carry out the processes such as metabolism thus.
Phrase " treatment significant quantity " is the term approved for this area.In certain embodiments, this term refers to the amount of salt disclosed herein or composition, and described amount produces the effect of certain expection with the reasonable benefit/Hazard ratio being applicable to any therapeutic treatment.In certain embodiments, this term refers to and to be eliminated by medical symptom within for some time or to reduce the necessary or enough amount of institute.Significant quantity can according to the disease in such as treatment or symptom, use in factor from particular target to the seriousness of the size of construct, object or disease or symptom and change.Those of ordinary skill in the art can empirically determine particular composition significant quantity and without the need to undo experimentation.
Present disclosure has also thought over the prodrug of composition disclosed herein, and the pharmacologically acceptable salt of described prodrug.
Disclosed herein as well is the pharmaceutical composition comprising pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and the composition can preparing the compound of formula I is for whole body, local or Orally administered.Also the preparation of this pharmaceutical composition can be used for Orally administered, oral solution, injection, subcutaneous administration or applied dermally.Described pharmaceutical composition can also comprise at least one in pharmaceutically useful stablizer, thinner, tensio-active agent, weighting agent, tackiness agent and lubricant.
In many embodiments, pharmaceutical composition described herein comprises disclosed compound to be delivered and composition (formula I) by with the amount of the treatment significant quantity of enough compounds to patient delivery formula I or composition, as part that is preventative or therapeutic treatment.Required formula I or the concentration of its pharmacologically acceptable salt will depend on the absorption of medicine, inactivation and discharge rate and salt and the composition delivery rate by theme composition.It should be noted that dose value also can change along with the seriousness of symptom to be slowed down.It is to be further understood that for any specific object, should according to individual need and the professional judgement using or instruct the people using composition, along with time lapse regulates concrete dosage.Typically, dosage will utilize technology known to those of skill in the art to determine.
In addition, can regulate to the optimum concn of the compound of any specific formula I and/or amount or dosage the change that adapts to treat parameter.These treatment parameters comprise the clinical application (position of such as treating) of preparation trend of purchasing, the type (the such as mankind or non-human, adult or children) of patient, and the character of disease or symptom.
By making regular check on animal (such as mouse), suitably test can be adopted to check a series of concentration and/or the dosage of material to be determined, easily determines concentration and/or the dosage of the compound of any formula I.Known method also can be used for examining and determine is using rate of diffusion and the regional blood flow of local tissue concentration, salt or composition before and after medicine preparation disclosed herein.One of such method is micro-dialysis, if T.E.Robinson etc. is described in the microdialysis in the neurosciences of Techniques the 7th volume the 1st chapter of 1991.In brief, the method described in Robinson can be implemented as follows.Micro-dialysis ring original position is placed in experimental animal.By this ring with pump delivery dialyzate.When the compound of this ring injection such as formula I disclosed herein, the medicine discharged is to be gathered in pro rata in dialyzate with its local tissue concentration.Thus, known salt or the concentration of composition can be utilized, be determined the diffusion process of salt or composition by suitable correction program.
In certain embodiments, the dosage of the compound of the subject-type I provided herein can be determined by reference to the plasma concentration of therapeutic composition or other coating material.Such as, can use under maximal plasma concentration (Cmax) and plasma concentration v. time curve from the time be 0 to infinitely-great area.
Generally speaking, when implementing the method described in detail in the application, the effective dose of the compound of formula I be single dose or divided dose at about 0.01mg/kg/ days to about 100mg/kg/ days, such as single dose or divided dose are in the scope of 0.01mg/kg/ days to about 50mg/kg/ days.The compound of formula I can according to be such as less than 0.2mg/kg/ days, 0.5mg/kg/ days, 1.0mg/kg/ days, 5mg/kg/ days, 10mg/kg/ days, 20mg/kg/ days, 30mg/kg/ days or 40mg/kg/ days dosage use.The compound of formula I also can according to such as between 0.1mg and 1000mg, between 5mg and 80mg or be less than 1.0 every day, 9.0,12.0,20.0,50.0,75.0,100,300,400,500,800,1000,2000, the dosage of 5000mg is applied to human patients.In certain embodiments, composition herein be less than the compound of the formula I obtained needed for identical treatment income 95%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 40%, 30%, 20% or 10% amount use.
The significant quantity of the compound of formula I described herein refers to and can suppress or the amount of prophylactic a kind of described salt or composition.
In existence because nerve injury or demyelination and/or reactive oxidants-nitrogenize kind raise and/or the autologous dysregulation of physiology and cause in the patient of complication risk, significant quantity can be enough to the development stoping, treat, alleviate, alleviate, suspend, suppress, delay or reverse this type of complication, or reduces the severity of this complication.Thus, these methods optionally comprise using of medical thera-peutic (acute) and/or preventative (prevention).Certainly, using the dosage of composition and time will depend on the judgement meeting subject object, ailing severity, the mode used and prescriber.Therefore, due to the difference between patient, dosage given is above a kind of guidance, and doctor the dosage of titration of medicines can realize doctor and think the treatment being suitable for patient.When considering the treatment degree of expection, doctor must weigh many factors, the age of such as patient, the existing existence of disease and the existence of Other diseases.
The composition provided by the application can by various conventional drug delivery route, comprise oral, locally, parenteral (such as intravenous injection, subcutaneous injection or intramedullary injection) and be applied to the object of needs treatment.Further, described composition can fill a prescription in nose, as rectal suppository or use " fast " (even if medicine dissolve in the oral cavity and without the need to using water) use.In addition, said composition can be sent by Co ntrolled release formulation, privileged site drug delivery, transdermal drug delivery, paster (active/passive) mediate drug, by stereotaxical injection, or be applied to the object needing treatment with the form of nanoparticle.
Described composition can with single dose or multiple doses individually or with pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, medium or thinner combined administration.Suitable pharmaceutical carrier, medium and thinner comprise inert solid diluent or weighting agent, aseptic aqueous solution and multiple organic solvent.Easily used with various formulation such as tablet, powder, lozenge, syrup and injection solution etc. subsequently by the pharmaceutical composition that above-mentioned composition and pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, medium or mixing diluents are formed.If needed, these pharmaceutical compositions can containing extra composition, such as seasonings, tackiness agent and vehicle etc.Therefore, for Orally administered object, can by containing multiple vehicle if the tablet of L-arginine, Trisodium Citrate, calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate and multiple disintegrating agent are as starch, alginic acid and specific composition silicate, together with tackiness agent as polyvinylpyrrolidone, sucrose, gelatin and Sudan Gum-arabic use.In addition, lubricant is if Magnesium Stearate, sodium lauryl sulphate and talcum are through being usually used in the object making sheet.Also the solids composition of similar type can be used as the weighting agent in soft and hard filling gelatine capsule.The suitable material of used as said purpose comprises the polyoxyethylene glycol of lactose (lactose) or lactose (milk sugar) and high molecular.When for Orally administered and when needing aqueous suspensions or elixir, can by essence effective constituent wherein and multiple sweet taste or seasonings, coloring material or dyestuff and emulsification or suspending agent (if needs), together with thinner as water, ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerine and combination thereof mix.As known in pharmacy field, the compound of formula I can also comprise the enteric coating (entericallycoated) containing multiple vehicle.
For parenteral administration, the solution of described composition can be prepared in (such as) sesame or peanut oil, aqueous propylene glycol, or can use aseptic aqueous solution.If necessary, suitably should cushion this aqueous solution, and should first make liquid diluent and enough physiological saline or glucose isotonic.These specific aqueous solution are particularly suitable for intravenously, intramuscular, subcutaneous and intraperitoneal are used.Thus, the sterile aqueous media used all easily obtains by standard technique well known by persons skilled in the art.
The preparation of such as tablet can containing such as 10 to 100,50 to 250,150 to 500mg or 350 to 800mg, such as 10,50,100,300,500,700, the compound of 800mg formula I disclosed herein, the pharmacologically acceptable salt of the compound of such as formula I or the compound of formula I.
Typically, composition as described herein can be used by oral or parenteral (such as in intravenously, intramuscular, subcutaneous or marrow).Also can indicate topical application, such as when patient just suffering from hinder Orally administered gastrointestinal dysfunction, or when attending doctor determine by medicament administration in tissue or organ surface the most suitable time.Spot application can also be indicated, such as, when target tissue or organ place need higher dosage.Use for cheek, active composition can take the form of tablet or the lozenge prepared in a usual manner.
The dosage used will depend on the characteristic of metabolic disease; Relate to the type (comprising its age, healthy state and weight) of host; The kind of synchronous therapeutic (if there is); Therapeutic frequency and treatment ratio.
Exemplarily, using activeconstituents based on the dosage level of host's body weight is: intravenous injection, and 0.1 to about 200mg/kg; Intramuscular injection, 1 to about 500mg/kg; Oral, 5 to about 1000mg/kg; Instil in nose, 5 to about 1000mg/kg; Sprays, 5 to about 1000mg/kg.
State with concentration, in skin periphery, nose, the fixed point of throat, segmental bronchus, intravaginal, rectum or eye uses, the concentration containing activeconstituents in composition of the present invention can be about 0.01 of said composition to about 50%w/w; Be preferably about 1 of said composition to about 20%w/w; And parenteral is used, concentration can be about 0.05 of said composition to about 50%w/v; Be preferably about 5 to about 20%w/v.
Composition of the present invention preferably proposes to be applied to humans and animals with the form of the unitary dose containing appropriate activeconstituents, such as tablet, capsule, pill, powder, granule, suppository, sterile injectable solution or suspensoid, aseptic non-injection solution or suspensoid, and oral solution or suspensoid etc.For oral administration, the form of the unitary dose of solid or liquid can be prepared into.
As discussed above, label contains one or more hydrophilic polymers.Suitable hydrophilic polymer includes but not limited to water swellable cellulose derivative, polyalkylene glycol, thermoplastic polyalkalene's base oxide, acrylic polymers, hydrophilic colloid, clay, jelling starch, swellable crosslinked polymers and their mixture.The example of suitable water swellable cellulose derivative includes but not limited to Xylo-Mucine, cross-linked hydroxypropyl base Mierocrystalline cellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC), Vltra tears (HPMC), hydroxyl isopropyl cellulose, hydroxybutyl cellulose, hydroxyphenylcellulose, Natvosol (HEC), hydroxyl amyl cellulose, Hydroxypropyl ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl butylcellulose and Hydroxypropyl ethyl cellulose and their mixture.The example of suitable polyalkylene glycol includes but not limited to polyoxyethylene glycol.The example of suitable thermoplastic polyalkalene's base oxide includes but not limited to gather (oxyethane).The example of suitable acrylic polymers includes but not limited to that methacrylic acid potassium-divinyl benzene copolymer, polymethylmethacrylate, high molecular weight crosslinked acrylate homopolymer and multipolymer (such as can be called CARBOPOL purchased from the commodity of Noveon Chemicals tMhigh molecular weight crosslinked acrylate homopolymer and multipolymer).The example of suitable hydrophilic colloid includes but not limited to alginate, agar, guar gum, Viscogum BE, kappa carrageenan, ι-carrageenin, tara gum, Sudan Gum-arabic, tragacanth, pectin, xanthan gum, gelling gum, maltodextrin, polygalactomannan, pustulan (pusstulan), laminarin, Sclerotium gum, Sudan Gum-arabic, inulin, pectin, gelatin, Welan gum (whelan), neutral gum, zoogloea (zooglan), the blue glue (methylan) of first, chitin, cyclodextrin, chitosan and their mixture.The example of suitable clay includes but not limited to that montmorillonite is as wilkinite, kaolin and hectorite; Magnesium Trisilicate; Neusilin; And their mixture.The example of suitable jelling starch includes but not limited to that acidified starch, swollen starches are as sodium starch glycollate and derivative thereof, and their mixture.The example of suitable swellable crosslinked polymers includes but not limited to cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone, Cross-linked Agar and croscarmellose sodium, and their mixture.
Described carrier can containing the preparation of one or more suitable vehicle for tablet.The example of suitable vehicle includes but not limited to weighting agent, sorbent material, tackiness agent, disintegrating agent, lubricant, glidant, release modifying excipient, super-disintegrant, antioxidant and their mixture.
Suitable tackiness agent includes but not limited to: dry adhesives, as polyvinylpyrrolidone and Vltra tears; Wet binder, such as water-soluble polymers, comprise hydrophilic colloid as Sudan Gum-arabic, alginate, agar, guar gum, Viscogum BE, carrageenin, carboxymethyl cellulose, tara gum, Sudan Gum-arabic, tragacanth, pectin, xanthan gum, gelling gum, gelatin, maltodextrin, polygalactomannan, pustulan, laminarin, Sclerotium gum, inulin, Welan gum, neutral gum, zoogloea, first blue glue, chitin, cyclodextrin, chitosan, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulosics, sugarcane sugar and starch, and their mixture.Suitable disintegrating agent includes but not limited to sodium starch glycollate, cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone, cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose, starch, Microcrystalline Cellulose and their mixture.
Proper lubrication agent includes but not limited to longer chain fatty acid and salt (such as Magnesium Stearate and stearic acid), talcum, glyceryl ester, wax and their mixture.Suitable glidant includes but not limited to colloid silica.Suitable release modifying excipient includes but not limited to insoluble edible material, pH dependent polymers and their mixture.
The insoluble edible material being suitable as release modifying excipient includes but not limited to insoluble polymer and low melting point hydrophobic material, their multipolymer and their mixture.The example of suitable insoluble polymer includes but not limited to ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polycaprolactone, cellulose ethanoate and derivative thereof, acrylate, methacrylic ester, acrylic copolymer, their multipolymer and their mixture.Suitable low melting point hydrophobic material includes but not limited to fat, fatty acid ester, phosphatide, wax and their mixture.The example of suitable fat includes but not limited to that hydrogenated vegetable oil is as theobroma oil, hydrogenated palm kernel oil, hydrogenated cottonseed oil, hydrogenated sunflower oil and hydrogenated soybean oil, free fatty acids and salt thereof, and their mixture.The example of suitable fatty acid ester includes but not limited to sucrose fatty ester; glycerine list, two and three ester docosoic glyceryl ester, palmitostearate, glyceryl monostearate; Tristearoylglycerol; trilaurin, tetradecanoic acid glyceryl ester, GlycoWax-932; lauroyl polyoxyethylene glycol-32 glyceryl ester, stearyl-polyoxyethylene glycol-32 glyceryl ester and their mixture.The example of suitable phosphatide comprises phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine (phosphotidyl serene), phosphatidylinositols (phosphotidyl enositol), phosphatidic acid and their mixture.The example of suitable wax includes but not limited to carnauba wax, spermaceti, beeswax, gama wax, shellac wax, Microcrystalline Wax and solid paraffin; Fatty mixture is as chocolate, and their mixture.The example of super-disintegrant includes but not limited to croscarmellose sodium, sodium starch glycollate and polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (polyvinylpolypyrrolidone).In one embodiment, label contains this super-disintegrant up to about 5 % by weight.
The example of antioxidant includes but not limited to tocopherol, xitix, Sodium Pyrosulfite, butylhydroxy toluene, butylated hydroxy anisole, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and edetate, and their mixture.The example of sanitas includes but not limited to citric acid, tartrate, lactic acid, oxysuccinic acid, acetic acid, phenylformic acid and Sorbic Acid, and their mixture.
In one embodiment, the mean thickness discharging coating layer is immediately at least 50 microns, such as, from about 50 microns to about 2500 microns (such as from about 250 microns to about 1000 microns).In one embodiment, as by measured by the weight and volume of this specific layer, to discharge coating layer immediately and be usually compressed into density and exceed about 0.9g/cc.
In one embodiment, discharge coating layer immediately and comprise first part and second section, wherein at least one part contains the second pharmaceutical activity medicament.In one embodiment, described two parts contact with each other at the central shaft of tablet.In one embodiment, first part comprises the first pharmaceutical activity medicament and second section comprises the second pharmaceutical activity medicament.
In one embodiment, the first pharmaceutical activity medicament is contained and second section contains the second pharmaceutical activity medicament in first part.In one embodiment, a described part contains the 3rd pharmaceutical activity medicament.In one embodiment, described part comprises and second of contained same medicine active agents in label the release portion immediately.
In one embodiment, coating part, before being introduced into coated label, is first made into the intermingling material done.In another embodiment, coating part comprises the dry granulation containing pharmaceutical activity medicament.
The preparation with above-mentioned different pharmaceutical releasing mechanism can be combined into containing single or multiunit final formulation.Multiunit example comprises multilayer tablet, the capsule of the sheet containing solid or liquid form, pearl or particle.Typically, immediate release formulation comprises compressed tablets, gel, film, coating layer, can be encapsulated in liquid in example gel capsule and particle.Method much for the preparation of coating layer, covering or bound drug is all as known in the art.
The unit of releasing dosage immediately in formulation, the i.e. outer formulation of tablet, pearl containing multi-medicament, particle or piller or coated core, the active agents containing treatment significant quantity and conventional drug excipient.The described unit of releasing dosage immediately can by or be not wrapped by, and can with or do not carry out with delayed release dosage device mixing (being mixed into containing the particle discharging medicine immediately, piller or pearl with containing the particle of delayed release medicine or the encapsulation mixture of pearl).
Delayed release preparation is made into diffusion or osmosis system usually, such as, as at " Remington-The Science andPractice of Pharmacy " (20th.Ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, Md., 2000).Diffusion system is made up of one, container and matrix in two kinds of devices usually, and it is for known in the art and described in having.Matrix device is usually by being compressed into Tabules to prepare together with slow dissolve polymer carrier by medicine.
By utilizing coated or compression process coated immediate release layer on delayed release core, or such as containing postponing and discharging in the multiple-unit system of capsule of pearl immediately, will can join in delayed release system by release portion immediately.
Delayed release dosage particles is by with being insoluble to stomach sour environment but the coated solid dosage of film being dissolved in the polymkeric substance of small intestine neutral environment makes.Delayed release dosage device can such as by preparing with the coating material coating medicine selected or drug containing composition.Described drug containing composition can be the tablet added in capsule, the tablet being used as inner core in " coated core " formulation, or add in tablet or capsule containing the pearl of multi-medicament, piller or particle.
Pulsed release dosage form is for simulating repeatedly dosing process but not repeating dosing, and dosing frequency usually can be made to reduce the formulation of at least twice as compared to the medicine of traditional dosing form (such as, as the traditional solid dosage forms of solution or instant drug release).The feature of pulse release process is, without release (time of lag) or decrement release in for some time, then carries out quick medicament release.
Often kind of formulation all contains the active agents for the treatment of significant quantity.Simulate in the embodiment of the formulation of dosing process twice daily at one, the about 30wt.% to 70wt.% of active agents total amount in formulation is released in first time pulse, preferred 40wt.% to 60wt.%, and in second time pulse, correspondingly release the about 70wt.% to 30wt.% of active agents total amount in formulation, preferred 60wt.% to 40wt.%.For the formulation simulating dosing process twice daily, second time pulse preferably after administration about 3 hours to being less than 14 hours, more preferably littlely to discharge in 12 hours about 5.
Another kind of formulation contains compressed tablets or capsule, and described compressed tablets or capsule comprise the unit of releasing dosage immediately, delayed release dosage device and optional second delayed release dosage device containing medicine.In this formulation, immediately releasing dosage unit contain after oral administration, much discharge medicine immediately in a large number pearl, particle, piller to be to provide predose.Delayed release dosage device contains a lot through coated pearl or particle, its after oral administration about 3 little up to 14 hours release medicines to provide second-dose.
In order to use through skin (such as local), can prepare sterile, aqueous or the partially aqueous solution (concentration is generally about 0.1% to 5%) of dilution, other side is similar to injection liquid mentioned above.
For a person skilled in the art, preparing various is known containing the compound of one or more formula I of specified quantitative or the method for the pharmaceutical composition of other active agents, or will be apparent according to present disclosure.For the example of the method for pharmaceutical compositions, refer to Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences (Mack PublishingCompany, Easton, Pa., 19th Edition (1995)).
In addition, in certain embodiments, the theme composition of the application can be lyophilized or pass through another suitable dry technology, such as spraying dry.Described theme composition can be disposable employed, or part can be divided into multiple less dosage according to the rate of release of composition and required dosage and use under Different periods.
The preparation that can be used for institute's supplying method herein comprises the preparation being applicable to mouth, nose, locally (comprise cheek and sublingual), rectum, vagina, spraying and/or parenteral administration.Described preparation can present with the form of unitary dose easily, and can be prepared by any method known in pharmacy field.The amount that can be combined the theme composition making single dose with solid support material can change according to connecing subject object and specific dispenser pattern.
The method preparing these preparations or composition comprises makes theme composition and carrier and the optional step that combines of one or more ancillary components.Generally speaking, described preparation by make theme composition and liquid vehicle, the solid carrier ground or both evenly and be fully combined, then if necessary, make the formed product of gained to prepare.
The compound of formula I described herein can be used with the form of suction or spray agent.Described suction or spray agent can comprise one or more medicaments that can be used in anapnotherapy, such as adjuvant, diagnostic reagent, photographic developer or therapeutical agent.Final spray agent such as can contain the medicine of 0.005-90%w/w (as 0.005-50%, 0.005-5%w/w or 0.01-1.0%w/w) relative to the gross weight of said preparation.
For in the solid dosage (capsule, tablet, pill, drageeing, powder and particle etc.) of oral administration, make theme composition and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and/or following in any one mix mutually: (1) weighting agent or extender, as starch, lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol and/or silicic acid; (2) tackiness agent, as carboxymethyl cellulose, alginate, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sucrose and/or Sudan Gum-arabic; (3) wetting Agent for Printing Inks, as glycerine; (4) disintegrating agent, as agar, calcium carbonate, potato or tapioca (flour), alginic acid, specific silicate and sodium carbonate; (5) retarding solvent, as paraffin; (6) absorption enhancer, as quaternary ammonium compound; (7) wetting agent, as acetyl alcohol and glyceryl monostearate; (8) absorption agent, as kaolin and wilkinite; (9) lubricant, as talcum, calcium stearate, Magnesium Stearate, solid polyethylene glycol, sodium lauryl sulphate and their mixture; And (10) tinting material.When capsule, tablet and pill, described pharmaceutical composition also can comprise buffer reagent.The solids composition of similar type can also be used as the weighting agent in the gelatine capsule using the soft of the polyoxyethylene glycol of lactose and high molecular etc. and hard to fill.
Liquid dosage form for oral administration comprises pharmaceutically useful emulsion, microemulsion, solution, suspensoid, syrup and elixir.Except theme composition, described liquid dosage form can containing inert diluent conventional in this area, such as water or other solvent, solubilizing agent and emulsifying agent, such as ethanol, Virahol, diethyl carbonate, ethyl acetate, phenylcarbinol, peruscabin, propylene glycol, 1, the fatty acid ester of 3-butyleneglycol, oils (particularly cottonseed, corn, peanut, sunflower seeds, soybean, olive, castor-oil plant and sesame oil), glycerine, tetrahydrofurfuryl carbinol, polyoxyethylene glycol and sorbitanic, and their mixture.
Except theme composition, suspensoid can contain suspension agent, such as ethoxylated isostearyl alcohols, polyoxyethylene sorbitol (polyoxyethylene sorbitol) and Isosorbide Dinitrate, Microcrystalline Cellulose, aluminium hydroxide, wilkinite, agar and tragacanth, and their mixture.
Preparation for rectum or medicine applicating vaginal can be rendered as suppository, this suppository is prepared by being mixed by non-irritating carriers suitable to theme composition and one or more, described non-irritating carriers comprises such as theobroma oil, polyoxyethylene glycol, suppository wax or salicylate, and be at room temperature liquid under body temperature for solid, thus will dissolve in suitable body cavity and discharge encapsulated compound and composition.The preparation being suitable for medicine applicating vaginal also comprises vaginal suppository, tapon, emulsifiable paste, gel, paste, foam or spray agent containing applicable carrier known in this area.
Formulation for applied dermally comprises powder, sprays, ointment, paste, emulsifiable paste, washing lotion, gel, solution, paster and inhalation.Can by theme composition aseptically with pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and any sanitas, buffer reagent or propelling agent that may need mixes.For transcutaneous applications, mixture can comprise lipotropy and hydrophilic radical to realize required water-soluble and transport properties.
Except theme composition, ointment, paste, emulsifiable paste and gel can containing other carriers, such as animal and plant fat, oil, wax, paraffin, starch, tragacanth, derivatived cellulose, polyoxyethylene glycol, silicone resin, wilkinite, silicic acid, talcum and zinc oxide, or their mixture.Except theme composition, powder and sprays can contain vehicle as lactose, talcum, silicic acid, aluminium hydroxide, Calucium Silicate powder and polyamide powder, or the mixture of these materials.Sprays can also in addition containing conventional propelling agent, such as Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and volatilely do not replace hydrocarbon (as butane and propane).
The method being carried out delivering compositions by transdermal patch is as known in the art.Exemplary paster and paster delivering method at U.S. Patent number 6,974,588,6,564,093,6,312,716,6,440,454,6,267,983,6,239,180 and 6,103, be described in 275.
In another embodiment, transdermal patch can comprise: the substrate sheet comprising composite membrane, and described composite membrane is formed by the resin combination containing 100 weight part polyvinyl chloride-polyurethane compositions and 2-10 parts by weight of styrene-ethylene-butylene, Styrene multipolymer; At the first bonding coat of described composite membrane side; The polyakylene terephthalate's film on composite membrane side is pasted onto by described first bonding coat; Comprise saturated polyester resin and the prime coat formed on the surface at described polyakylene terephthalate's film; And the second bonding coat formed on described prime coat, this second bonding coat comprises the styrenic-diene-styrene block copolymer containing pharmaceutical agent.The method preparing above-mentioned substrate sheet comprises: prepare above-mentioned resin combination; By rolling process, this resin combination is molded as composite membrane; Then by bonding coat, polyakylene terephthalate's film is pasted onto on the side of this composite membrane, forms substrate sheet thus; And on the outside surface of described polyakylene terephthalate's film, form the prime coat comprising saturated polyester resin.
The paster of another kind of type comprises directly to be introduced medicine in pharmaceutically acceptable tackiness agent, and is combined in by the binder layer of this drug containing on suitable substrate film (such as polyester substrate film).Described medicine should not affect the character of tackiness agent, and the concentration of simultaneously sending required clinical dosage exists.
Transdermal patch can be passive or active.Passive transdermal drug delivery systems (such as Nicotine, oestrogenic hormon and nitroglycerine paster) available at present sends small-molecule drug.Protein and peptide drug much newly developed is excessive and cannot by being sent by percutaneous plaster, and they can adopt the macromolecular drug technology of such as electron assistant (iontophoresis) to send.
Iontophoresis is used for improving the technology of ionization material by the flux of film by applying electric current.An example of iontophoretic film provides in U.S. Patent number 5,080,646 to Theeuwes.Iontophoresis strengthens the transdermal dominant mechanism of molecule: (a) repels charged ion from the electrode of identical charges; B () osmosis, when applying electric field as the response of gegenion preferred path, by the convective motion of charged hole generation solvent; Or the perviousness of skin (c) is improved owing to applying electric current.
In some cases, may need to use with the form of test kit, described test kit can comprise the container for holding independent composition, such as sectional bottle or the Foilpac (divided foil packet) that separates.Typically, what test kit comprised independent component uses explanation.When independent component is preferably used, uses with different dosing intervals or need as prescriber to carry out titration to each component of composition with different formulations (such as oral and parenteral), the form of test kit is especially favourable.
The example of this test kit is so-called Blister Package.Blister Package known by people, and is widely used in the packaging of pharmaceutical unit dosage forms (Tablet and Capsula etc.) in Packaging Industry.Blister Package is made up of the material of a slice relative rigid usually, and it can be transparent plastic material paper tinsel that described material is coated with.
Be used for the treatment of the method and composition of hyperglycemia.Wherein, provide a kind of method for the treatment of hyperglycemia herein, described method comprises the compound of the formula I to the patient therapeuticallv's significant quantity needing the method:
R 1represent D, H, methyl, ethyl, CH independently 3cO-or
Each n is 0,1,2 or 3 independently;
R 2represent independently H, D,
R 3represent independently
A is 2,3 or 7 independently;
Each b is 3,5 or 6 independently;
E is 1,2 or 6 independently;
C and d is H, D ,-OH ,-OD, C independently of one another 1-C 6alkyl ,-NH 2or-COCH 3;
R 4, R 5, R 6, R 7be selected from H, D ,-OH ,-OD, methyl, ethyl ,-OCH independently of one another 3,-OCD 3or in ethanoyl.
The method of the compound of use formula I:
The present invention also comprises the method being used for the treatment of hyperglycemia, insulin resistant, diabetes, diabetes insipidus, type 1 diabetes, diabetes B, microvascular complication, macrovascular complications, hyperlipemia, prediabetes, obesity, irregular pulse, myocardial infarction, apoplexy, neuropathy, renal complication, hypertriglyceridemia, cardiovascular complication and post prandial hyperglycemia.
Preparation method
The example that can be used for the synthesis path of the compound of preparation formula I is shown in the following examples, and is summarized in scheme 1:
Scheme-1:
Step-1: the synthesis of compound 2:
By LiAlH 4(3.5 equivalent) joins through cooling in the compound 1 of (0 DEG C) anhydrous solution in THF (0.15M) in batches.Reaction mixture is stirred 20 minutes, make it be warming up to room temperature.With the LiAlH of the sterilized amount of shrend at 0 DEG C 4.Mixture EtOAc is diluted and uses saturated NH 4cl washs 3 times.By organic phase drying (MgSO 4) and concentrated.The crude product (2) of gained is directly used in next reaction.In order to characterize, by a small amount of sample by silica gel column chromatography purifying (in PE EtOAc20% → 50%), obtain 2 of colourless oil.
Step-2: the synthesis of compound 4:
Oxalyl chloride (4 equivalent) solution in DCM (1M) is cooled to-78 DEG C.After dropwise adding the solution of DMSO (5 equivalent) in DCM (2M) through 10 minutes, stir 40 minutes when making reaction mixture keep below-70 DEG C.Then, the anhydrous solution of sorbyl alcohol 2 intermediate obtained by above-mentioned reaction in DCM (0.5M) was dropwise added in this reaction mixture through 15 minutes, keep reaction mixture lower than-70 DEG C simultaneously.After reaction mixture being stirred 2 hours at lower than-65 DEG C, dropwise added Et through 10 minutes 3n (12 equivalent), keeps reaction mixture lower than-65 DEG C simultaneously.After reinforced, reaction mixture was warming up to-5 DEG C through 2 hours.
Swern reaction mixture is concentrated under mild temperature (~ 30 DEG C), use toluene coevaporation 3 times simultaneously.Resistates to be dissolved in MeOH (be 0.05M relative to initial compounds) and to add NH 4hCO 2(20 equivalent).Gained mixture is cooled to 0 DEG C and stirs, until NH 4hCO 2whole dissolving.Add activated molecular sieve (10g/mmol), and reaction mixture is stirred 20 minutes, add NaBH thereafter 3cN (4 equivalent).Reaction mixture is kept 1 hour at 0 DEG C, then removes low-temperature receiver and this reaction mixture is stirred 20 hours further.Removing after molecular sieve through glass microfiber filter, filtrate being concentrated, to be dissolved in EtOAc and to use saturated NaHCO 3solution washing.Aqueous phase is stripped 3 times with EtOAc, and by the organic layer drying (MgSO of mixing 4) and concentrated.By gained resistates by silica gel column chromatography purifying (in PE EtOAc 20% → 75%), obtain 4 (9.932g, 18.98mmol) of pale yellow crystals solid form.
Step 3: the synthesis of compound 5:
With the HCl aqueous solution of 1M by the acidify solution of 4 (1.06g, 1.91mmol) in EtOH (50mL) to pH ~ 2, and by blasting argon gas 15 minutes and remove oxygen in this solution.Add Pd/C (10wt%, 100mg) and make gained mixture be exposed in the hydrogen of 4 bar 20 hours.By reaction mixture through glass microfiber frit, and use MeOH (4 × 20mL) and H successively 2o (2 × 20mL) rinsing filter cake.The filtrate of mixing is concentrated and uses MeOH (3 × 50mL) coevaporation.By resistates aluminum oxide by column chromatography eluting (isocratic elution 16:3.7:0.3, n-propyl alcohol: H 2o:NH 4oH), 5 (290mg, the 1.78mmol) that productive rate is the white foam form of 93% are obtained.
Step-4: the synthesis of compound 7:
By salt of wormwood (7.2mmol), 5 (4.8mmol) and 1,3-propylene dichloride (5.3mmol) in DMF without aqeous suspension be heated to 90 DEG C 5 hours.Through glass microfiber frit reaction mixture and concentrated filtrate.By resistates by column chromatography eluting (CHCl 3in MeOH+1%NH 4oH), intermediate 7 is obtained.
Step-5: the synthesis of compound 9:
In RB flask, by acid 8 (1.2mmol) and anhydrous K 2cO 3(1.1mmol) be placed in dry DMF (10vol), at room temperature stir 30 minutes, be then cooled to-10 DEG C, slowly dropwise add compound 7, then at room temperature stir 12 hours.By TLC, reaction is monitored.At the end of reaction, reaction mixture to be poured in water (10mL) and to be extracted with ethyl acetate (2 × 5ml).By the organic layer washed with water (2 × 5mL) of mixing, then use aqueous salt solu-tion (10mL), through anhydrous Na 2sO 4dry also vapourisation under reduced pressure.Through 100-200 object silica gel, purifying is carried out to crude product by column chromatography, obtain final product 9.
embodiment
The compound of formula I (1-3) compares with timnodonic acid (EPA) is deliquescent in water
Water miscible measurement for test compound is completed by method well-known to those skilled in the art.Specifically, in the test compound of the embodiment Formula I (1-3) weighed, distilled water is added in multiple times on a small quantity, until obtain clear soln.Measure the cumulative volume of this solution.It is water-soluble by the volume (unit be mL) of the weight (unit is milligram (mg)) of salt divided by solution is calculated.When adopting aforesaid method to measure, the water-soluble of compound measuring formula I (1-3) is 68.6mg/ml.Similarly, the water-soluble <0.2mg/mL of EPA is found.Therefore, the compound of formula I (1-3) exceeds at least 260 times than the water-soluble of EPA itself.This clearly illustrates that composition of the present invention has unexpectedly high bioavailability.When being undertaken Orally administered by highly water soluble drugs preparation, cause the effective absorption from gi tract to the recycle system.Further, water soluble preparation is particularly useful for parenteral administration.
Term " sample " refers to humoral sample, refers to separated cell sample or refers to the sample from tissue or organ.Humoral sample can obtain by knowing technology, and preferably includes blood, blood plasma, serum or urine sample, more preferably comprises blood, blood plasma or serum sample.
equivalent
Present disclosure provides the composition and method that are used for the treatment of hyperglycemia and complication thereof among other things.Although discussed the specific embodiments of present disclosure, above specification sheets has only played illustrative effect and has not played restricted effect.
quote and be incorporated to
As being specifically incorporated to the same by reference with being appointed as individually by each independent publication or patent, whole publication mentioned herein and patent, comprise the above project enumerated, and its full content is incorporated to herein thus by reference.When there is conflict, the application, comprises done any restriction herein, by its claimed scope of control.

Claims (9)

1. the compound of a formula I:
Or the pharmaceutically useful salt of this compound, hydrate, polymorphic form, solvate, prodrug, enantiomer or steric isomer;
Wherein,
R 1represent D, H, methyl, ethyl, CH independently 3cO-or
Each n is 0,1,2 or 3 independently;
R 2represent independently H, D,
R 3represent independently
A is 2,3 or 7 independently;
Each b is 3,5 or 6 independently;
E is 1,2 or 6 independently;
C and d is H, D ,-OH ,-OD, C independently of one another 1-C 6alkyl ,-NH 2or-COCH 3;
R 4, R 5, R 6, R 7be selected from H, D ,-OH ,-OD, methyl, ethyl ,-OCH independently of one another 3,-OCD 3or ethanoyl.
2. a pharmaceutical composition, this pharmaceutical composition comprises the compound of claim 1 and pharmaceutically useful carrier.
3. pharmaceutical composition according to claim 2, this pharmaceutical composition be formulated by oral administration, delayed release or sustained release, thoroughly mucous membrane, syrup, locally, parenteral administration, injection, subcutaneous, oral liquid, rectal administration, cheek dispenser or transcutaneous applications, be applied to patient in need to treat the potential cause of disease with significant quantity.
4. the compound of claim 3 and composition are formulated to be used for the treatment of hyperglycemia, insulin resistant, diabetes, diabetes insipidus, type 1 diabetes, diabetes B, microvascular complication, macrovascular complications, hyperlipemia, prediabetes, obesity, irregular pulse, myocardial infarction, apoplexy, neuropathy, renal complication, hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, cardiovascular complication and post prandial hyperglycemia.
5. the molecular bond of a miglitol and LA.
6. the molecular bond of a miglitol and timnodonic acid.
7. the molecular bond of a miglitol and docosahexenoic acid.
8. the molecular bond of a miglitol and acetylcysteine.
9. the molecular bond of a miglitol and sasapyrin.
CN201380030654.2A 2012-05-08 2013-02-03 Compositions and methods for treatment of hyperglycemia Pending CN104812737A (en)

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