CN104808261B - Rainfall measurement sensor without mechanical structure - Google Patents
Rainfall measurement sensor without mechanical structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104808261B CN104808261B CN201510125517.8A CN201510125517A CN104808261B CN 104808261 B CN104808261 B CN 104808261B CN 201510125517 A CN201510125517 A CN 201510125517A CN 104808261 B CN104808261 B CN 104808261B
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- corrosion
- resistant insulating
- measuring cylinder
- circuit
- stainless steel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/14—Rainfall or precipitation gauges
Abstract
The invention relates to a rainfall measurement sensor without a mechanical structure, which solves the technical problems of inaccurate measurement and poor reliability of a tipping bucket type rainfall meter of the existing machinery, and comprises a bucket capacitor, a capacitance measurement circuit, a single chip microcomputer and a liquid crystal display module, wherein the capacitance measurement circuit is connected with the single chip microcomputer; the barrel type capacitor comprises a corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder, the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder is provided with an outer wall and a cylinder bottom, the outer wall of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder is connected with a metal foil, the cylinder bottom of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder is vertically connected with a stainless steel rod, and the stainless steel rod is positioned on a central axis of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder; the metal foil and the stainless steel bar are respectively connected with the capacitance measuring circuit through leads. The invention is widely applied to the technical field of monitoring of liquid quantities such as rainfall and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sensor, in particular to a rainfall measurement sensor without a mechanical structure.
Background
With the continuous change of the environment, the extremely severe climate change is more obvious, and people hope to monitor and count the rainfall more frequently. The method has the advantages that the rainfall in a certain area at a certain time is accurately measured, scientific guiding significance is provided for analyzing and predicting the climate change and weather conditions of the area, and meanwhile, effective theoretical basis can be provided for the traveling of people, the growth and development of crops, the ancient relic protection work and the like.
At present, a mechanical tipping bucket type rain gauge is mainly adopted by a rain sensor, the measuring capability of the rain sensor on the change of rainfall is poor, and due to mechanical corrosion and abrasion, rainfall information cannot be accurately and rapidly measured if the rain sensor is placed outdoors for a long time.
Therefore, the existing mechanical rainfall measurement mode cannot meet the requirements under special environments, but the appearance and the perfection of a non-mechanical and non-contact measurement mode become necessary, the climate data are required to be dynamically, reliably, conveniently, accurately and continuously monitored with low energy consumption aiming at the arrangement of a field rainfall sensor area, and the non-mechanical and non-contact measurement mode is easier and more reliable to obtain a data source.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a rainfall measurement sensor without a mechanical structure, which is accurate in measurement and high in reliability and aims to solve the technical problems of inaccurate measurement and poor reliability of a tipping bucket type rainfall meter of the existing machinery.
The invention provides a rainfall measurement sensor without a mechanical structure, which comprises a barrel-type capacitor, a capacitance measurement circuit, a single chip microcomputer and a liquid crystal display module, wherein the capacitance measurement circuit is connected with the single chip microcomputer; the barrel type capacitor comprises a corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder, the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder is provided with an outer wall and a cylinder bottom, the outer wall of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder is connected with a metal foil, the cylinder bottom of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder is vertically connected with a stainless steel rod, and the stainless steel rod is positioned on a central axis of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder; the metal foil is connected with a first lead wire, and the stainless steel bar is connected with a second lead wire; the two lead wires of the first lead wire and the second lead wire are connected with a capacitance measuring circuit.
Preferably, the lower part of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder is connected with a liquid level calibration pipe, and the length of the stainless steel rod is the same as the height of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder; the singlechip is connected with a temperature sensor, the singlechip is connected with a communication port, and the communication port is connected with an upper computer terminal through a wireless transmission module.
Preferably, the capacitance measuring circuit comprises a fixed resistor, an RC oscillating circuit, a frequency/voltage conversion circuit and a low-pass filter circuit, the RC oscillating circuit is connected with the barrel type capacitor through the fixed resistor, the frequency/voltage conversion circuit is connected with the RC oscillating circuit, the low-pass filter circuit is connected with the frequency/voltage conversion circuit, and the single chip microcomputer is connected with the low-pass filter circuit.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the device is a non-contact measuring sensor, can measure various liquids, and has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, difficult mechanical damage and the like.
(2) The device adopts a modularized design, has the characteristic of low power consumption, and improves the life cycle of placing the rainfall measurement sensor in the field.
(3) The device can accurately and reliably measure rainfall information, can scientifically and reasonably guide production activities of people, greatly improves the social production efficiency, and has extremely important social significance.
(4) The device can carry out intelligent data acquisition, processing, sending and displaying, has high intelligent degree and strong reliability, can be used for realizing automatic management of liquid storage, and has excellent prospect in the future market.
Further features of the invention will be apparent from the description of the embodiments which follows.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a barrel capacitor;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a capacitance measuring circuit;
fig. 5 is an effect test chart.
Description of the symbols of the drawings:
101. the device comprises a dry battery, 102, a barrel capacitor, 103, a capacitance measuring circuit, 104, a temperature sensor, 105, a single chip microcomputer, 106, a liquid crystal display module, 107, a communication port, 108, a wireless transmission module, 109, an upper computer terminal, 201, a metal foil, 202, a stainless steel bar, 203, a corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder, 204, a liquid level calibration pipe, 205, a first lead, 206, a second lead, 207, liquid, 301, a fixed resistor, 302, an RC oscillating circuit, 303, a frequency/voltage conversion circuit and 304, a low-pass filter circuit.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the barrel capacitor 102 includes a corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder 203, a metal foil 201 is connected to an outer wall of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder 203, a stainless steel rod 202 is vertically connected to a bottom of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder 203, and the stainless steel rod 202 is located on a central axis of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder 203.
The length of the stainless steel rod 202 is the same as the height L of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder 203.
The metal foil 201 serves as a first, i.e. outer, electrode. The stainless steel rod 202 acts as a second, inner electrode. A first lead 205 is connected to the foil 201 and a second lead 206 is connected to the stainless steel rod 202. The first electrode and the second electrode form a measured capacitance therebetween.
A first lead 205 is used for connection to system power ground and a second lead 206 is used for connection to an input of the capacitance measuring circuit 103.
The liquid level calibration pipe 204 is connected with the lower part of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder 203, and the liquid level calibration pipe 204 is communicated with a space for containing liquid at the lower part of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder 203.
When rainwater flows into the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder 203 to form rainwater liquid, the liquid level h of the rainwater liquid changes along with the rainfall, and finally the capacitance value formed between the outer electrode metal foil 201 and the inner electrode stainless steel rod 202 also changes, namely, the capacitance and the liquid level have a certain linear relation. Air is above the liquid level in the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder 203.
The liquid level calibration pipe 204 can automatically calibrate the liquid level in the cylinder of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder 203.
The stainless steel rod 202 in FIG. 3 has a diameter D0The distance between the central axis of the stainless steel rod 202 and the inner wall of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder 203 is r1The distance between the central axis of the stainless steel rod 202 and the outer wall of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder 203 is r2。
As shown in fig. 1, two lead wires (a first lead wire 205 and a second lead wire 206) of the barrel capacitor 102 are connected to the capacitance measuring circuit 103, the capacitance measuring circuit 103 is connected to the single chip microcomputer 105, and the temperature sensor 104 is connected to the single chip microcomputer 105. The liquid crystal display module 106 and the communication port 107 are respectively connected with the single chip microcomputer 105, and the communication port 107 is connected with the upper computer terminal 109 through the wireless transmission module 108. The dry battery 101 is respectively connected with the capacitance measuring circuit 103 and the single chip microcomputer 105 for supplying power.
The capacitance of the barrel capacitor 102 is collected in real time by the capacitance measuring circuit 103, converted into a voltage value, and sent to the single chip microcomputer 105, and meanwhile, the temperature sensor 104 collects an environmental temperature value and sends the environmental temperature value to the single chip microcomputer 105.
The single chip microcomputer 105 converts the acquired voltage value according to the voltage-rainfall transfer function, corrects the voltage value according to the ambient temperature, converts the voltage value into rainfall and outputs the rainfall in a digital form.
Then, rainfall information is displayed in real time through the liquid crystal display module 106, the rainfall information is packaged and sent to the upper computer terminal 109 through the communication port 107 and the wireless transmission module 108, and the upper computer terminal 109 can store the rainfall information into a database and provide reference and basis for future weather score prediction.
The environment monitoring personnel can remotely access and monitor rainfall information through a computer client so as to meet the requirement of timely acquisition and feedback of the information.
The temperature sensor 104 collects the ambient temperature for the rainfall sensor to correct the rainfall monitoring value.
As shown in fig. 4, the capacitance measuring circuit 103 employs a low-power consumption, wide-range capacitance measuring circuit module including a fixed resistor 301, an RC oscillating circuit 302, a frequency/voltage converting circuit 303, and a low-pass filter circuit 304. The RC oscillating circuit 302 is connected with two lead wires of the barrel type capacitor 102 through a fixed resistor 301, a frequency/voltage conversion circuit 303 is connected with the RC oscillating circuit 302, a low-pass filter circuit 304 is connected with the frequency/voltage conversion circuit 303, and the single chip microcomputer 105 is connected with the low-pass filter circuit 304.
The RC oscillating circuit 302 generates oscillation by charging and discharging the fixed resistor 301 and the barrel capacitor 102, and the oscillation frequency is positively and linearly related to the capacitance of the barrel capacitor 102.
The frequency/voltage conversion circuit 303 converts the output frequency value of the RC oscillation circuit 302 into a corresponding dc voltage value, which has a linear relationship with the frequency value.
The low-pass filter circuit 304 filters the voltage value output by the frequency/voltage conversion circuit 303 to remove high-frequency interference, so that the measured voltage value is stably and reliably output.
The following describes the overall test and verification of the system, and through the above steps of connecting the circuit parts, 10ml of deionized water is equally added to the barrel capacitor 102, respectively, and the liquid can reach 250 ml. The actual measurement value of the simulated rainfall can be displayed on the liquid crystal display module 106 and the upper computer terminal 109; respectively recording a corresponding measured value and a theoretical value of the simulated rainfall; corresponding theoretical value curves and measured value curves of the simulated rainfall are made, as shown in the table I, the table II and the graph 5:
table one:
table two:
as can be seen by comparison, the sensor has excellent linear response and small error amount, and can achieve the expected effect.
Therefore, the output signal of the device responds to the rainfall information change in real time, and has no lag and no measurement accumulated error; the linear response of the output voltage to rainfall information is excellent, and real-time, continuous and reliable monitoring of rainfall data can be met.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and it is apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention. All changes, equivalents, modifications and the like which come within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (2)
1. A rainfall measurement sensor without a mechanical structure is characterized by comprising a barrel-type capacitor, a capacitance measurement circuit, a temperature sensor, a single chip microcomputer and a liquid crystal display module, wherein the capacitance measurement circuit is connected with the single chip microcomputer; the temperature sensor is connected with the singlechip;
the barrel type capacitor comprises a corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder, the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder is provided with an outer wall and a cylinder bottom, the outer wall of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder is connected with a metal foil, the cylinder bottom of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder is vertically connected with a stainless steel rod, and the stainless steel rod is positioned on a central axis of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder; the metal foil is connected with a first lead wire, and the stainless steel rod is connected with a second lead wire; the two lead wires of the first lead wire and the second lead wire are connected with the capacitance measuring circuit;
the lower part of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder is connected with a liquid level calibration pipe, and the length of the stainless steel rod is the same as the height of the corrosion-resistant insulating measuring cylinder;
the single chip microcomputer is connected with a temperature sensor, the single chip microcomputer is connected with a communication port, and the communication port is connected with an upper computer terminal through a wireless transmission module.
2. The mechanical structure-less rainfall measurement sensor of claim 1 wherein the capacitance measuring circuit comprises a fixed resistor, an RC oscillating circuit connected to the bucket capacitor through the fixed resistor, a frequency/voltage converting circuit connected to the RC oscillating circuit, and a low pass filter circuit connected to the frequency/voltage converting circuit, the single chip microcomputer connected to the low pass filter circuit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510125517.8A CN104808261B (en) | 2015-03-23 | 2015-03-23 | Rainfall measurement sensor without mechanical structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510125517.8A CN104808261B (en) | 2015-03-23 | 2015-03-23 | Rainfall measurement sensor without mechanical structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104808261A CN104808261A (en) | 2015-07-29 |
| CN104808261B true CN104808261B (en) | 2020-05-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201510125517.8A Expired - Fee Related CN104808261B (en) | 2015-03-23 | 2015-03-23 | Rainfall measurement sensor without mechanical structure |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105116472A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-12-02 | 东南大学 | Pluviometer based on a water film thickness sensor |
| CN106092263A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-11-09 | 清华大学 | A kind of experiment high precision wireless numeral water depth sensor system |
| CN112630866B (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2023-05-09 | 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 | Rainfall measuring device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN200979602Y (en) * | 2006-09-05 | 2007-11-21 | 王恒明 | A hyetometer for measuring the amount of rainfall |
| JP5520907B2 (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2014-06-11 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Rainfall measuring system using optical rain gauge and optical rain gauge |
| CN203012169U (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-06-19 | 李向 | High-accuracy rain gauge |
| CN203658605U (en) * | 2014-01-25 | 2014-06-18 | 丁宏健 | Automatic rain gauge |
| CN203825218U (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2014-09-10 | 陕西科技大学 | Novel rainfall measuring device |
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Inventor after: Deng Zhouhu Inventor after: Lai Baopeng Inventor after: Zhang Xiong Inventor after: Wang Xuewen Inventor after: Yan Junfeng Inventor before: Lai Baopeng Inventor before: Deng Zhouhu Inventor before: Zhang Xiong Inventor before: Wang Xuewen Inventor before: Yan Junfeng |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20200515 Termination date: 20210323 |