CN104796415A - Method for converting protocols of TCP (transmission control protocol) networks and multiple protocols on RS485 buses - Google Patents
Method for converting protocols of TCP (transmission control protocol) networks and multiple protocols on RS485 buses Download PDFInfo
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- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for converting protocols of TCP (transmission control protocol) networks and protocols on RS485 buses. The method includes connecting the RS485 buses with microprocessors by RS485 interfaces for downlink communication, enabling the microprocessors to access the internet via Ethernet interfaces for uplink communication, connecting each microprocessor with Nand (NOT AND) Flash components, a SDRAM (synchronous dynamic random access memory) and SD (secure digital) cards and constructing protocol converting hardware platforms; generating system configuration files in systems by the aid of the Ethernet interfaces; creating a communication slave station device information table according to the configuration files; polling various slave station devices on the RS485 buses at regular time by the aid of the communication slave station device information table; analyzing received protocol data packets, packaging analyzed data in certain XML (extensible markup language) formats (text forms) to obtain TCP/IP (internet protocol) data packets and remotely transmitting the TCP/IP data packets. The method has the advantages that the DL/T645-1997, CJ/T188-2004 and GB/T19582-2008 communication protocols and the protocols of the TCP networks can be converted by the aid of the method, and the method is mainly applied to building energy consumption data acquisition units.
Description
Technical field
Relate to the conversion method between multi-protocols in a kind of RS485 bus and TCP procotol herein, belong to on-the-spot
Bus control technology field.
Background technology
Fieldbus is for the production of manufacturing on-the-spot underlying communication network, it achieves the bidirectional linked list node digital communication between the in-site measurement control instrument of Microcomputer or equipment, has real-time, feature that stability is high.Since International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) announcement in 2000 have passed IEC61158 standard for Fieldbus, existing ten multiple fieldbus standards now.
Ethernet is the LAN generally adopted in commercial field, constitutes Internet's in conjunction with ICP/IP protocol
Basis, becomes de facto standards in network application, and this also makes field bus control system by Ethernet and national information net
The monitoring integration of the integration realization whole nation becomes trend of the times.
DL/T 645-1997 " multifunction electric meter communication protocol " is China is rate that is unified and specification multifunctional electric energy meter
Physical connection when device and data terminal equipment carry out exchanges data and agreement and the power industry standard formulated.
CJ/T 188-2004 " family metering instrumented data transmission technology condition " is that China formulates for family measuring instrument
An industry standard, comprise the basic principle of the instrumented data such as water meter, gas meter, flow meter, calorimeter transmission, interface shape and physics
The requirement of performance, data link, Data Identification and data security and data representation form.
Modbus agreement is developed by Modicon company at first, has now become the industrial circle whole world most popular general
One of industry-standard protocol.Within 2008, China promulgates GB GB/T 19582-2008 " the industrial automation network specification based on Modbus agreement ", and enforcement in 2008-09-01.
Current DL/T 645-1997, CJ/T 188-2004 and GB/T 19582-2008 communication protocol generally adopt standard
RS485 communication interface as its physical layer load mode, communication baud rate 1200BPS-115200BPS, principal and subordinate's half-duplex mode.
According to " State Council is about the notice printing and distributing the comprehensive programme of work of energy-saving and emission-reduction ", progressively set up on national network
Government offices' office building and large public building energy consumption monitoring platform, to national key cities important building energy consumption (electricity, water,
Combustion gas, heat) carry out Real-Time Monitoring, this just needs to utilize energy consumption data acquisition device to carry out data acquisition to energy consumption measure device,
Then the energy consumption data collected is uploaded to data center (or data relay station) by TCP network, and metering device is general
Adopt DL/T 645-1997, CJ/T 188-2004 and GB/T 19582-2008 communication protocol, meanwhile, energy consumption data acquisition device
And use the physical interface (RS485 interface) meeting industry standard between metering device, this just relates to the conversion between above three kinds of agreements in RS485 bus and TCP procotol, so, the present invention proposes the conversion method between multi-protocols in a kind of RS485 bus and TCP procotol.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose the conversion between multi-protocols in a kind of RS485 bus and TCP procotol
Method, realizes the conversion between DL/T645-1997, CJ/T188-2004 and GB/T19582-2008 communication protocol and TCP procotol.This protocol conversion model mainly adopts the main website model based on agreement.
To achieve these goals, design of the present invention is as follows:
generation system configuration file
in Fieldbus Based main website-slave station communication system, a communication main station equipment is connected by fieldbus
Have multiple communication slave station equipment, in whole main website-slave station communication system, only have communication main station equipment to have the ability of initiatively initiating communication, the information of communication slave station equipment received communication master device also carries out information interaction with communication main station equipment.And communication main station equipment will realize and the communication communicated between slave station equipment, communication main station equipment needs the information such as address, communication protocol knowing communication slave station equipment, therefore, first a system configuration to be carried out by communication main station equipment to whole system, allow communication main station equipment know to be connected to the relevant information of the communication slave station equipment in bus, be convenient to communication main station equipment and whole system is managed.
Build communication slave station equipment information table
because communication main station equipment and the communication communicated between slave station equipment are by processor software control realization, communication main station equipment will communicate with the slave station equipment that communicates, first the configuration information by program reading system is needed, obtain the relevant information such as address, communication protocol of communication slave station equipment, then could initiating communication.
If communication main station equipment all needs the configuration information of reading system to communication slave station equipment active initiating communication at every turn, the efficiency of system will be very low, in order to improve the operational efficiency of system, can according to the system configuration information read, set up a communication slave station equipment information table, this information table is an Array for structural body, each nodes records of array be the information of a communication slave station equipment, this information comprises communication slave station equipment numbering, communication slave station equipment address, the protocol type that communication slave station equipment uses, communication slave station equipment connects bus etc.
Initialization RS485 interface and TCP network
because the communicating requirement communication main station equipment in RS485 bus receives identical with the speed sending data with the slave station equipment that communicates, and the communication on TCP network needs the information such as the IP address knowing destination host, so on communication main station equipment, the system configuration information by reading is needed to carry out initialization to RS485 interface and TCP network.
Each communication slave station equipment in automatic regular polling RS485 bus and protocol conversion
communication main station equipment is according to communication slave station equipment information table, automatic regular polling respectively communicates slave station equipment, the packet that communication slave station equipment sends according to communication main station equipment makes response, the reply data bag of communication main station equipment received communication slave station equipment, then, communication main station equipment is according to communicating from facility information table analysis protocol data, the data that parsing obtains are packaged into TCP/IP packet with certain XML format (in the form of text) and carry out teletransmission, thus the protocol conversion between the multi-protocols realized in RS485 bus and TCP procotol.
According to foregoing invention design, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
multi-protocols in a kind of RS485 bus and the conversion method between TCP procotol, it is characterized in that: this method downlink communication adopts RS485 bus to be connected with microprocessor by RS485 interface, uplink communication adopts microprocessor by Ethernet interface accessing Internet, microprocessor is also connected with NandFlash, SDRAM and SD card, build the hardware platform playing protocol conversion, and adopt each slave station equipment in communication slave station equipment information table automatic regular polling RS485 bus provided by the invention, and the protocol data bag received is resolved, the data that parsing obtains are packaged into TCP/IP packet with certain XML format (in the form of text) and carry out teletransmission, realize the conversion between multi-protocols in RS485 bus and TCP procotol.
The concrete steps of above-mentioned protocol conversion are as follows:
(1) microprocesser initialization;
(2) operating system initialization;
(3) by Ethernet interface generation system configuration file;
(4) a communication slave station equipment information table is built according to the configuration file of step (3);
(5) according to configuration file initialization RS485 interface and the TCP network respectively of step (3);
(6) according to the communication of step (4) from facility information table, by each slave station equipment in RS485 bus timing poll RS485 bus, and the protocol data received is resolved, finally the data that parsing obtains are packaged into TCP/IP packet with certain XML format (in the form of text) and carry out teletransmission, thus the conversion between the multi-protocols realized in RS485 bus and TCP procotol.
The concrete grammar of the generation system configuration file in described step (3): the information such as device numbering, device address, protocol type of each communication slave station equipment being connected to communication main station equipment is written in an XML file in system by the form of embedded Web, thus generate a CONFIG.SYS.
Communication slave station equipment information table in described step (4) is the chained list (or array) of a structure type, each nodes records of chained list (or array) relevant information of a communication slave station equipment, these information comprise RS485 port that communication slave station equipment connects, communication slave station equipment type, communication slave station equipment use the device number of agreement and the slave station equipment that communicates.
The concrete grammar of the multi-protocols in described step (6) in RS485 bus and the conversion between TCP procotol is:
1) according to CONFIG.SYS, setting timer;
2) after timing arrives, communication main station equipment according to the relevant information RS485 bus recorded in communication slave station equipment information table connecting communication slave station equipment, each communication slave station equipment of poll successively;
3) protocol data of received communication slave station equipment, according to the facility information analysis protocol data in information table;
4) TCP/IP packet is packaged into resolving the data obtained with certain XML format (in the form of text)
Carry out teletransmission, thus the conversion between the multi-protocols realized in RS485 bus and TCP procotol.
Above-mentioned CONFIG.SYS comprises the IP address of data remote main frame of the device numbering of the communication slave station equipment in RS485 bus, device address, protocol type and Ethernet interface; Described communication slave station equipment information table generates according to CONFIG.SYS, the information in communication slave station equipment information table and the communication slave station equipment one_to_one corresponding that RS485 bus is connected.
According in above-mentioned method for converting protocol, same RS485 bus allows the data of transmission various protocols: DL/T645-1997, CJ/T188-2004 and GB/T19582-2008 communication protocol.
In above-mentioned method for converting protocol, by communication slave station equipment information table, communication main station equipment can carry out unified management to each communication slave station equipment; Communication main station equipment can judge according to the address of protocol data the device numbering sending this protocol data, then by consulting communication slave station equipment information table, can obtain the protocol type that this protocol data uses.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following apparent outstanding substantive distinguishing features and remarkable advantage: this
Invent and building the DL/T645-1997 in RS485 bus, on the hardware platform of CJ/T188-2004 and GB/T19582-2008 and TCP procotol conversion, a communication slave station equipment information table is constructed according to CONFIG.SYS, then each slave station equipment in this communication slave station equipment information table automatic regular polling RS485 bus is adopted, and the protocol data bag received is resolved, finally the data that parsing obtains are packaged into TCP/IP packet with certain XML format (in the form of text) and carry out teletransmission, thus realize DL/T645-1997, conversion between CJ/T188-2004 and GB/T19582-2008 communication protocol and TCP procotol.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the hardware block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the main program block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the communication slave station equipment information table of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the protocol convertor block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Details are as follows by reference to the accompanying drawings for the preferred embodiments of the present invention:
embodiment one:
adopt see the multi-protocols in Fig. 1, this RS485 bus and the conversion method downlink communication between TCP procotol
Be connected with microprocessor by RS485 interface by RS485 bus, uplink communication adopts microprocessor by Ethernet interface accessing Internet, microprocessor is also connected with NandFlash, SDRAM and SD card, build the hardware platform playing protocol conversion, and adopt following communication slave station equipment information table, realize DL/T645-1997, conversion between CJ/T188-2004 and GB/T19582-2008 communication protocol and TCP procotol: by Ethernet interface generation system configuration file in systems in which, then a communication slave station equipment information table is built according to this configuration file, finally adopt each slave station equipment in this communication slave station equipment information table automatic regular polling RS485 bus, and the protocol data bag received is resolved, the data that parsing obtains are packaged into TCP/IP packet with certain XML format (in the form of text) and carry out teletransmission.
Embodiment two:
the present embodiment is substantially identical with embodiment one, and special feature is as follows:
described CONFIG.SYS comprise the device numbering of the communication slave station equipment in RS485 bus, device address,
The IP address of the data remote main frame of protocol type and Ethernet interface; Described communication slave station equipment information table generates according to CONFIG.SYS, the information in communication slave station equipment information table and the communication slave station equipment one_to_one corresponding that RS485 bus is connected.Same RS485 bus allows the data of transmission various protocols: DL/T645-1997, CJ/T188-2004 and GB/T19582-2008 communication protocol.Described communication slave station equipment information table, by this table, communication main station equipment can carry out unified management to each communication slave station equipment; Communication main station equipment can judge according to the address of protocol data the device numbering sending this protocol data, then by consulting communication slave station equipment information table, can obtain the protocol type that this protocol data uses.
Embodiment three:
see the multi-protocols in Fig. 2, this RS485 bus and the conversion method concrete operation step between TCP procotol:
one,microprocesser initialization;
two, operating system initialization;
three,by Ethernet interface generation system configuration file;
address, the communication protocol knowing communication slave station equipment is set to allow communication main station equipment and carries out TCP network
During transmission, the information such as IP address of destination host, needs to do a system configuration by communication main station equipment to whole system.Herein, can be written in an XML file by the configuration information (when protocol type, communication bus that slave station equipment connects and TCP communication that communication slave station equipment numbering, communication slave station equipment address, communication slave station equipment use destination host IP etc.) of the form of embedded Web by system.Wherein, the form of XML file is:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<config>
<common>
<gateway_id>08</gateway_id >
<socket port=”5000”>59.79.2.35</socket>
</common>
<RS485_0>
<meter id="0001" type=”10” protocol=”1”>01020304050607</meter>
<meter id="0002" type=”30” protocol=”2”>01020304050608</meter>
</ RS485_0>
<RS485_1>
<meter id="0003" type=”40” protocol=”3”>01020304050609</meter>
</ RS485_1>
</config>
wherein, the IP address at " 59.79.2.35 " representative data center (or data relay station), id representative communication slave station equipment numbering, type representative communication slave station equipment type, the communication protocol that protocol representative communication slave station equipment uses, the address of " 01020304050607 " representative communication slave station equipment.
Four, communication is built from facility information table
because communication main station equipment and the communication communicated between slave station equipment are by processor software control realization, communication
Master device will communicate with the slave station equipment that communicates, and first needs the configuration information by program reading system, obtain communication from
The relevant information such as address, communication protocol of station equipment, then, according to the system configuration information read, sets up a communication slave station
Facility information table, this information table is an Array for structural body: struct meter Dev [SIZE] (SIZE is the quantity of the actual communication slave station equipment be articulated in RS485 bus), each nodes records of array be the information of a communication slave station equipment, this information comprise communication slave station equipment numbering, communication slave station equipment address, communication slave station equipment use protocol type, communication bus etc. that slave station equipment connects, see Fig. 3.Wherein, this structure is:
struct meter{
char num [5]; // slave station equipment is numbered
char port; The RS485 bus that // slave station equipment mounts
char protocol; The protocol type that // slave station equipment uses
char metertype; // slave station equipment type
unsigned char addr [7]; // slave station equipment address
};
wherein, the protocol type that uses for slave station equipment of protocol:
0x01:DL/T645-1997 agreement
0x02:CJ/T188-2004 agreement
0x03:GB/T19582-2008 agreement
five, according to the system configuration information read, initialization RS485 interface and TCP network respectively;
six, automatic regular polling respectively communicates slave station equipment
communication main station equipment query communication slave station equipment information table, determine the relevant information such as the communication protocol that each communication slave station equipment uses and address, then automatic regular polling respectively communicates slave station equipment, the request data package that each communication slave station equipment sends according to communication main station equipment makes response, the reply data bag of communication main station equipment received communication slave station equipment, concrete communication process as shown in Figure 4.
Seven, protocol conversion
communication main station equipment is according to the communication protocol used from equipment that communicates, resolve the protocol data bag of communication slave station equipment, power consumption is extracted from packet, the information such as water consumption or hot cold, then, communication main station equipment is by slave station equipment address, energy consumption type and power consumption (or water consumption, hot cold) etc. information be packaged into TCP/IP packet with certain XML format (in the form of text) and carry out teletransmission, thus multi-protocols (the DL/T645-1997 agreement realized in RS485 bus, CJ/T188-2004 agreement and GB/T19582-2008 agreement) and TCP procotol between conversion.For XML format, can with reference to " government offices' office building and large public building energy-consumption monitoring system subitem energy consumption data transmission technology directive/guide ", concrete XML format is:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<root>
--common segment-->
<!--
building_id: Lou Dong numbering
gateway_id: master device is numbered
type: the type of teletransmission packet
-->
<common>
<building_id>
XXXXXX</building_id >
<gateway_id>
XXX</gateway_id >
<type>
report</type>
</common>
--data remote-->
<!--
unit have 5 types
sequence element: collector sends the sequence number of data to server
parser element: whether the data sent to server are parsed through collector
time element: data acquisition time
meter element: the device number of slave station equipment, has id attribute
function element: the concrete function of each slave station equipment, has following 3 attribute,
id attribute: function numbering (for multifunctional electric energy meter) of slave station equipment
coding attribute: energy consumption data classification/subitem coding
error attribute: the conditional code of mistake appears in this function, 0 represents do not have mistake
-->
<data operation="
reply">
<sequence>
XXXXXXXX</sequence>
<parser>
yes/no</parser>
<time>
YYYYMMDDHHMMSS</time>
<meter id="
1">
<function id="
1" coding="
xXX" error="
xXX" >
data 1</function>
</meter>
<meter id="
2">
<function id="
1" coding="
xXX" error="
xXX" >
data 1</function>
</meter>
</data>
</root>
Claims (7)
1. the multi-protocols in RS485 bus and the conversion method between TCP procotol, is characterized in that: under this method
Serial Communication adopts RS485 bus to be connected with microprocessor by RS485 interface, uplink communication adopts microprocessor by Ethernet interface accessing Internet, microprocessor is also connected with NandFlash, SDRAM and SD card, build the hardware platform playing protocol conversion, and adopt each slave station equipment in communication slave station equipment information table automatic regular polling RS485 bus provided by the invention, and the protocol data bag received is resolved, data parsing obtained are with certain XML format---in the form of text, be packaged into TCP/IP packet and carry out teletransmission, realize the conversion between multi-protocols in RS485 bus and TCP procotol:
Concrete implementation step is as follows:
(1) microprocesser initialization;
(2) operating system initialization;
(3) by Ethernet interface generation system configuration file;
(4) a communication slave station equipment information table is built according to the configuration file of step (3);
(5) according to configuration file initialization RS485 interface and the TCP network respectively of step (3);
(6) according to the communication of step (4) from facility information table, by each slave station equipment in RS485 bus timing poll RS485 bus, and the protocol data received is resolved, the data finally parsing obtained are with certain XML format---in the form of text, be packaged into TCP/IP packet and carry out teletransmission, thus the conversion between the multi-protocols realized in RS485 bus and TCP procotol.
2. the multi-protocols in RS485 bus as claimed in claim 1 and the conversion method between TCP procotol, it is characterized in that: the concrete grammar of the generation system configuration file in described step (3): by the form of embedded Web, the information such as device numbering, device address, protocol type of each communication slave station equipment being connected to communication main station equipment is written in an XML file in system, thus generate a CONFIG.SYS.
3. the multi-protocols in RS485 bus as claimed in claim 1 and the conversion method between TCP procotol, it is characterized in that: the communication slave station equipment information table in described step (4) is chained list or the array of a structure type, each nodes records of this chained list or array relevant information of a communication slave station equipment, these information comprise RS485 port that communication slave station equipment connects, communication slave station equipment type, communication slave station equipment use the device number of agreement and the slave station equipment that communicates.
4. the multi-protocols in RS485 bus as claimed in claim 1 and the conversion method between TCP procotol, is characterized in that: the concrete grammar of the multi-protocols in described step (6) in RS485 bus and the conversion between TCP procotol is:
1) according to CONFIG.SYS, setting timer;
2), after timing arrives, communication main station equipment is logical according to the RS485 bus recorded in communication slave station equipment information table connects
The relevant information of believer in a certain religion's station equipment, successively each communication slave station equipment of poll;
3) protocol data of received communication slave station equipment, according to the facility information analysis protocol data in information table;
4) data parsing obtained are with certain XML format---and in the form of text, be packaged into TCP/IP packet and carry out teletransmission, thus the conversion between the multi-protocols realized in RS485 bus and TCP procotol.
5. the multi-protocols in RS485 bus as claimed in claim 1 and the conversion method between TCP procotol, is characterized in that: described CONFIG.SYS comprises the IP address of data remote main frame of the device numbering of the communication slave station equipment in RS485 bus, device address, protocol type and Ethernet interface; Described communication slave station equipment information table generates according to CONFIG.SYS, the information in communication slave station equipment information table and the communication slave station equipment one_to_one corresponding that RS485 bus is connected.
6. the multi-protocols in RS485 bus as claimed in claim 1 and the conversion method between TCP procotol, is characterized in that: the data allowing transmission various protocols in same RS485 bus: DL/T645-1997, CJ/T188-2004 and GB/T19582-2008 communication protocol.
7. the multi-protocols in RS485 bus as claimed in claim 1 and the conversion method between TCP procotol, it is characterized in that: described communication slave station equipment information table, by this table, communication main station equipment can carry out unified management to each communication slave station equipment; Communication main station equipment can judge according to the address of protocol data the device numbering sending this protocol data, then by consulting communication slave station equipment information table, can obtain the protocol type that this protocol data uses.
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