CN104796198A - Passive star optical fiber CAN (controller area network) system - Google Patents
Passive star optical fiber CAN (controller area network) system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104796198A CN104796198A CN201510214587.0A CN201510214587A CN104796198A CN 104796198 A CN104796198 A CN 104796198A CN 201510214587 A CN201510214587 A CN 201510214587A CN 104796198 A CN104796198 A CN 104796198A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of computer network transmission, in particular to a passive star optical fiber CAN system comprising a first optical divider, a second optical divider and N CAN controllers. Each CAN controller is provided with an optical sending circuit and an optical receiving circuit correspondingly, sending ends of the N CAN controllers are respectively connected to different input ends of the first optical divider through corresponding optical sending circuits, the output end of the first optical divider is connected with the input end of the second optical divider, and N output ends of the second optical divider are respectively connected with the N CAN controllers through optical receiving circuits. The CAN is not in need of CAN transceivers, the optical dividers which are passive devices essentially are taken as transmission mediums, and a star structure is adopted, so that the network has the advantages of small signal delay, high data transmission rate and no influence caused by single-node fault on normal operation of other nodes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer network transmission field, particularly the passive star-like optical fiber CAN network system of one.
Background technology
CAN full name is " Controller Area Network " i.e. controller local area network, a kind ofly adopt the fieldbus realizing serial multi-host communication without destructive position competition mechanism, have that antijamming capability is strong, message is short, real-time is good and networking cost is low, have the advantages such as good internet security, CAN be widely used in bad environments, electromagnetic radiation large, to the industrial automation that reliability requirement is high the field such as on-the-spot and automobile component control.
The transmission medium of CAN network has twisted-pair feeder, coaxial cable and optical fiber.The CAN of current twisted-pair feeder is used widely, and the every technology of twisted-pair feeder CAN is very ripe.But strong in bad environments, electromagnetic radiation based on the CAN network of twisted-pair feeder, vibrate in large industrial environment, electromagnetic interference enters electronic equipment through twisted-pair feeder, is superimposed upon on communication signal, makes the normal signal of communication distort, causes Communications failure.
Optical fiber is a kind of desirable digital data transmission medium, can be divided into monomode fiber, multimode fiber and plastic fiber, transmission range is successively decreased successively, monomode fiber energy data dozens of kilometres, multimode fiber can transmit several kilometers, and plastic fiber just current technology can transmit hundred meters to hundreds of rice.Optical fiber is compared with coaxial cable with twisted-pair feeder, has powerful anti-electromagnetic interference capability.In order to improve the performance of CAN network further, optical fiber is adopted to make transmission medium very necessary.
Optical fiber communication has the series of advantages such as volume is little, lightweight, electromagnetic-radiation-free, speed are high, anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, but also not make with optical fiber in the world be at present the CAN physical layer standard of transmission medium.Therefore, the network-building method of research optical fiber CAN bus, solves CAN Large Copacity and remote networking problems, is of great significance the engineer applied of reality and the formation tool of promotion new standard.Hub-and-spoke configuration and loop configuration are two kinds of topological structures that current Networks of Fiber Communications often uses.Loop configuration refers to that all communication nodes share an optical fiber link, and the network configuration of an optical fiber link end to end formation loop.Hub-and-spoke configuration refers to that all communication nodes all need to be connected on a Centroid, and the star coupler that each user terminal must be positioned at Centroid by carries out information exchange.
Notification number is CN1674514A, and the patent that name is called " the Controller Area Network BUS Communication Hub based on fiber medium communication ", discloses a kind of Controller Area Network BUS Communication Hub based on fiber medium communication.Fiber optic receiver converts multimode fiber to the signal of telecommunication from the light signal transmitted at a distance, the emission port of CAN transceiver is connected to through programmable logic device, by differential signal transmission in CAN, and the signal imported into by CAN appears at CAN transceiver receiving terminal and drive fiber optic transmitter luminous, to be transferred to by multimode fiber on the fiber optic receiver on remote equipment and to realize photoelectric signal transformation, the signal receiving end of CAN controller on access arrangement.The differential signal that CAN transceiver exports adopts wire with very short distance join in the CAN of main control computer.This patent is a kind of active star-like optical fiber CAN network in essence, and when programmable logic device power down, whole CAN system can be paralysed, therefore its reliability is not high, and meanwhile, this patent employs CAN transceiver, bring larger time delay by CAN network, make the degradation of network.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome in prior art owing to have employed active device, when causing its power down, the problem that whole network system can be paralysed, there is provided a kind of and run more reliable and more stable passive star-like optical fiber CAN network system, comprise the first optical branching device, the second optical branching device and N number of CAN controller.
Described first optical branching device has at least N number of input and an output, and described second optical branching device has an input and at least N number of output, and N is more than 1 natural number.
Each CAN controller correspondence is provided with optical transmission circuit and optical receiving circuit, and the signal of telecommunication that described optical transmission circuit is used for CAN controller to send is converted to light signal, and described optical receiving circuit is used for the light signal received to be converted into the signal of telecommunication.
The transmitting terminal of described N number of CAN controller connects the different inputs of described first optical branching device respectively by the optical transmission circuit of correspondence, and the transmitting terminal of described N number of CAN controller connects the different outputs of described second optical branching device respectively by the optical receiving circuit of correspondence; The output of described first optical branching device is connected with the input of described second optical branching device.
The light signal that described first optical branching device sends through described optical transmission circuit for receiving N number of CAN controller, and be sent to the second optical branching device, described second optical branching device is used for the light signal received to be sent to N number of CAN controller respectively.
Further, also fiber amplifier is provided with between the input of described optical transmission circuit and described first optical branching device.
Further, also fiber amplifier is provided with between described first optical branching device and described second optical branching device.
Further, described optical transmission circuit comprises transmitter driving circuit and fiber optic transmitter; 3rd pin of described fiber optic transmitter is connected with GND.
Described transmitter driving circuit comprises a triode, the first electric capacity, the first resistance, the second resistance, the 3rd resistance; The input of transmitter driving circuit is connected with the transmitting terminal of described CAN controller, it is also connected with power supply by gained first resistance, simultaneously, the input of transmitter driving circuit is also connected with the base stage of triode by the second resistance, the emitter-base bandgap grading of described triode is connected with GND, its collector is connected with the second pin of one end of described 3rd resistance and fiber optic transmitter, the 6th pin, the 7th pin simultaneously, the other end of described 3rd resistance is connected with one end of power supply and the first electric capacity simultaneously, and the other end of described first electric capacity is connected with GND.
Further, described optical receiving circuit comprises reception drive circuit and fiber optic receiver; 3rd pin, the 7th pin of described fiber optic receiver are connected with GND.
Described reception drive circuit comprises the 4th resistance and the second electric capacity, one end of described 4th resistance is connected with the 6th pin of one end of the second electric capacity, power supply and described fiber optic receiver simultaneously, the other end of described 4th resistance is the output of described reception drive circuit, and it is connected with the second pin of described fiber optic receiver and the receiving terminal of described CAN controller simultaneously; The other end of described second electric capacity is connected with GND.
Preferably, described first optical branching device includes 4 or 8 inputs, corresponding, and described second optical branching device includes 4 or 8 outputs; It is noted that under common situations, described first optical branching device includes 4 or 8 inputs and only comprises 1 output simultaneously, corresponding, and described second optical branching device includes 4 or 8 outputs and only comprises 1 input simultaneously.
Preferably, described first optical branching device includes 4,8,16,32 or 64 inputs, corresponding, and described second optical branching device includes 4,8,16,32 or 64 outputs.Under some common situations, described first optical branching device only includes 1 output while including 4,8,16,32 or 64 inputs, corresponding, described second optical branching device only includes 1 input while including 4,8,16,32 or 64 outputs.
compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention: the optical branching device adopted in present system is a kind of passive device in essence, and its reliability, far away higher than active device, there will not be because the problem appearance that causes whole system paralyse of power down, the factor such as to be disturbed.In addition, in passive star-like optical fiber CAN network system provided by the invention, do not use CAN transceiver, therefore network itself has less signal delay, and adopts Optical Fiber Transmission to make network have higher message transmission rate; The all nodes of the present invention (CAN controller) are all star-like setting around optical branching device, and therefore there is not the problem of loss accumulation, the fault of individual node does not affect the operation of whole network, makes network have higher reliability; The present invention also has structure simple, is easy to realize, easily upgrading and dilatation, the advantage that cost is low.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a passive star-like optical fiber CAN network provided by the invention embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of passive star-like another embodiment of optical fiber CAN network provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of passive star-like another embodiment of optical fiber CAN network provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is optical transmission circuit circuit diagram in embodiment in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is optical receiving circuit circuit diagram in embodiment in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is in the embodiment of the present invention, optical transmission circuit waveform and optical receiving circuit photooscillogram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.But this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to following embodiment, all technology realized based on content of the present invention all belong to scope of the present invention.
embodiment 1:as shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment is a kind of runs more reliable and more stable passive star-like optical fiber CAN network, comprises the first optical branching device U1, second optical branching device U2 and 4 CAN controller.
Described first optical branching device U1 has 4 inputs and 1 output, and described second optical branching device U2 has 1 input and 4 outputs.
Each CAN controller correspondence is provided with optical transmission circuit and optical receiving circuit, and the signal of telecommunication that described optical transmission circuit is used for CAN controller to send is converted to light signal, and described optical receiving circuit is used for the light signal received to be converted into the signal of telecommunication.
The transmitting terminal of described 4 CAN controller connects the different inputs of described first optical branching device U1 respectively by corresponding optical transmission circuit, namely 4 inputs of 4 CAN controller and described first optical branching device U1 are one-to-one relationship; The output of described first optical branching device U1 is connected with the input of described second optical branching device U2,4 outputs of described second optical branching device U2 are connected with 4 CAN controller respectively by described optical receiving circuit, and namely 4 outputs of 4 CAN controller and described second optical branching device U2 are similarly one-to-one relationship.
The light signal that described first optical branching device sends through described optical transmission circuit for receiving CAN controller, and be sent to the second optical branching device, described second optical branching device is used for each CAN controller be sent to respectively by the light signal received in network.
Further, as shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, described optical transmission circuit comprises transmitter driving circuit and fiber optic transmitter; 3rd pin of described fiber optic transmitter is connected with GND.
Described transmitter driving circuit comprises a triode Q1, the first electric capacity C1, the first resistance R1, the second resistance R2, the 3rd resistance R3, the input of transmitter driving circuit is connected with the transmitting terminal Tx of described CAN controller, it is also connected with power supply VCC by gained first resistance R1, simultaneously, the input of transmitter driving circuit is also connected with the base stage of triode Q1 by the second resistance R2, the emitter-base bandgap grading of described triode Q1 is connected with GND, with described one end of 3rd resistance R3 and second pin of fiber optic transmitter U3 while of its collector, 6th pin, 7th pin connects, the other end of described 3rd resistance R3 is connected with one end of power supply VCC and the first electric capacity C1 simultaneously, the other end of described first electric capacity C1 is connected with GND, it is 1310nm that fiber optic transmitter U3 sends optical wavelength.When the transmitting terminal Tx of CAN controller is low level, VCC forms path by the first resistance R1, fiber optic transmitter U3 to GND, and fiber optic transmitter U3 is luminous.Otherwise when the transmitting terminal Tx of CAN controller is high level, VCC is by the first resistance R1, fiber optic transmitter U3, form path one to GND, VCC is by the first resistance R1, triode Q1 simultaneously, forms path two to GND, path one and path two parallel connection, the shunting of path two, makes U3 not luminous.
Further, described optical receiving circuit comprises reception drive circuit and fiber optic receiver U4; 3rd pin, the 7th pin of described fiber optic receiver U4 are connected with GND.
Described reception drive circuit comprises the 4th resistance R4 and the second electric capacity C2, one end of described 4th resistance R4 is connected with one end of the second electric capacity C2, the 6th pin of power supply VCC and described fiber optic receiver U4 simultaneously, the other end of described 4th resistance R4 is the output of described reception drive circuit, and it is connected with second pin of described fiber optic receiver U4 and the receiving terminal Rx of described CAN controller simultaneously; The other end of described second electric capacity C2 is connected with GND; The optical wavelength that fiber optic receiver U4 can receive also is 1310nm.When fiber optic receiver U4 receives light signal, the receiving terminal Rx of shown CAN controller receives low level, and on the contrary, Rx receives high level.
In the present embodiment, 4 CAN controller link network, form the CAN network of 4 nodes, when the transmitting terminal Tx pin of any one CAN controller is low level, corresponding fiber optic transmitter is luminous, then have light to enter into the first optical branching device U1, and then have light to enter into U2, so, all fiber optic receivers all can receive light signal, and then all CAN controller Rx pins are low level.On the contrary, when all CAN controller Tx pins are high level, corresponding fiber optic transmitter is not luminous, then unglazed in U1, and then unglazed in U2 yet, and so, all fiber optic receivers all do not receive light signal, and then all CAN controller Rx pins are high level; Definition has light to be dominant position, and unglazed be recessive position, when so achieving multinode transmission data signal and function, and all nodes can listen to the signal in network at any time.
In the present embodiment, R1=1K, R2=1K, R3=50, R4=10K, C1=100pF, C2=100pF, Q1 are 2N3904, VCC=3.3V.
If CAN baud rate 1Mbit/s, every bit accounts for 1us.Light velocity 0.3MKm/s, then 1us can transmit 300m, and in optical fiber, the propagation of light is not straight line, but broken line, so the distance limiting fiber optic transmitter U3, fiber optic receiver U4 distance optical branching device U1, U2 is 120m.Optical branching device U1, U2 operation wavelength 1260 ~ 1610nm, insertion loss 10.7dB, Polarization Dependent Loss 0.3dB, regularity loss 1dB, therefore optical branching device U1, U2 total losses 24dB; Each optical fiber jumper terminal loss 0.2dB, therefore 6 joints (referring to 1, optical transmitter place joint, the first optical branching device U1 receiving terminal 1 joint, the first optical branching device U1 output 1 joint, the second optical branching device U1 receiving terminal 1 joint, the second optical branching device U1 output 1 joint, optical receiver input 1 joint) amount to 1.2dB; The fibre loss of 1310nm is 0.35dB/Km, as Optical Fiber Transmission 120m, be transferred to optical branching device U1, U2 loss 0.05dB by optical transmitter U3, be transferred to optical receiver U4 loss 0.05dB by optical branching device U1, U2, amount to 0.1dB, lossy and 25.3dB.And fiber optic transmitter U1 luminous power is not less than-7dBm, the luminous power that fiber optic receiver U4 can receive is not less than-33dBm, namely CAN network allows the attenuated optical signal of 26dB, so, meet loss requirement, if Fig. 6 is optical transmission circuit waveform of the present invention and optical receiving circuit photooscillogram example, wherein square wave 1 is optical transmission circuit waveform, and square wave 2 is optical receiving circuit waveform, as seen from the figure, the light wave of optical transmission circuit can be complete be sent to optical receiving circuit, and there is controlled decay.
embodiment 2:as shown in Figure 2, the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is, is also provided with fiber amplifier between the input of described optical transmission circuit and described first optical branching device.Because be provided with fiber amplifier, amplify light signal, now, described first optical branching device can include 64 inputs, corresponding, and described second optical branching device includes 64 outputs.Under some common situations, described first optical branching device only includes 1 output while including 64 inputs, corresponding, and described second optical branching device only includes 1 input while including 64 outputs; That is, the passive star-like optical fiber CAN network that the present embodiment provides can include optical transmission circuit and the optical receiving circuit of 64 CAN controller and correspondence thereof simultaneously, thus is configured with the CAN network of 64 nodes.
embodiment 3:as shown in Figure 3, the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 2 is, fiber amplifier is also provided with simultaneously between described optical transmission circuit and the input of described first optical branching device, be provided with fiber amplifier equally between described first optical branching device with described second optical branching device, this just allows between the first optical branching device and the second optical branching device has longer transmission range.
Claims (7)
1. a passive star-like optical fiber CAN network system, is characterized in that, comprises the first optical branching device, the second optical branching device and N number of CAN controller; Described first optical branching device has at least N number of input and an output, and described second optical branching device has an input and at least N number of output, and N is more than 1 natural number;
The transmitting terminal of described N number of CAN controller connects the different inputs of described first optical branching device respectively by the optical transmission circuit of correspondence, and the transmitting terminal of described N number of CAN controller connects the different outputs of described second optical branching device respectively by the optical receiving circuit of correspondence; The output of described first optical branching device is connected with the input of described second optical branching device.
2. passive star-like optical fiber CAN network system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, be also provided with fiber amplifier between the input of described optical transmission circuit and described first optical branching device.
3. passive star-like optical fiber CAN network system as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, be also provided with fiber amplifier between described first optical branching device and described second optical branching device.
4. passive star-like optical fiber CAN network system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described optical transmission circuit comprises transmitter driving circuit and fiber optic transmitter; 3rd pin of described fiber optic transmitter is connected with GND;
Described transmitter driving circuit comprises a triode, the first electric capacity, the first resistance, the second resistance, the 3rd resistance; The input of transmitter driving circuit is connected with the transmitting terminal of described CAN controller, it is also connected with power supply by described first resistance, simultaneously, the input of transmitter driving circuit is also connected with the base stage of described triode by described second resistance, the emitter-base bandgap grading of described triode is connected with GND, the collector of described triode is connected with the second pin of one end of described 3rd resistance and fiber optic transmitter, the 6th pin, the 7th pin simultaneously, the other end of described 3rd resistance is connected with one end of power supply and the first electric capacity simultaneously, and the other end of described first electric capacity is connected with GND.
5. passive star-like optical fiber CAN network system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described optical receiving circuit comprises reception drive circuit and fiber optic receiver; 3rd pin, the 7th pin of described fiber optic receiver are connected with GND;
Described reception drive circuit comprises the 4th resistance and the second electric capacity, one end of described 4th resistance is connected with the 6th pin of one end of the second electric capacity, power supply and described fiber optic receiver simultaneously, the other end of described 4th resistance is the output of described reception drive circuit, and it is connected with the second pin of described fiber optic receiver and the receiving terminal of described CAN controller simultaneously; The other end of described second electric capacity is connected with GND.
6. passive star-like optical fiber CAN network system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described first optical branching device includes 4 or 8 inputs, corresponding, and described second optical branching device includes 4 or 8 outputs.
7. the passive star-like optical fiber CAN network system as described in any one of Claims 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described first optical branching device includes 4,8,16,32 or 64 inputs, corresponding, described second optical branching device includes 4,8,16,32 or 64 outputs.
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CN201860333U (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2011-06-08 | 中航光电科技股份有限公司 | Two-fiber passive bus optical network structure |
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Patent Citations (6)
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CN101188460A (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2008-05-28 | 上海交通大学 | Full optical network networking system for passive light network and MAN |
CN101582723A (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2009-11-18 | 蒋涵民 | CAN bus physical layer structure based on 1XN passive optical splitter (POS) |
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