CN104790681A - Device for preventing wall out-of-plane unstability from causing collapse of building of masonry structure in earthquake - Google Patents
Device for preventing wall out-of-plane unstability from causing collapse of building of masonry structure in earthquake Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for preventing wall out-of-plane unstability from causing collapse of a building of a masonry structure in an earthquake. The device comprises a steel wire gauze, vertical steel pipes, horizontal steel pipes, anchoring steel bars and structural adhesives, wherein the vertical steel pipes and the horizontal steel pipes are tightly attached to the wall surface of the building of the masonry structure; the vertical steel pipes are connected with a building panel, a floor panel and a foundation beam of the building of the masonry structure through the anchoring steel bars; the horizontal steel pipes are connected with the vertical steel pipes in a welding mode. The vertical steel pipes and the horizontal steel pipes form a rectangular area in a defined mode. In the rectangular area, the steel wire gauze is laid with the vertical steel pipes and the horizontal steel pipes as the edges, the steel wire gauze, the vertical steel pipes and the horizontal steel pipes are connected through welding seams, and the steel wire gauze and the wall surface of the building of the masonry structure are bound through the structural adhesives. The device can be arranged on one face of the building wall of the masonry structure, and can also be arranged on two faces. By the adoption of the device, when the building of the masonry structure is in an earthquake, the out-of-plane deformation of the wall body is limited by the device, and the wall out-of-plane unstability can be prevented from causing collapse of the building of the masonry structure in the earthquake.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of masonry structure building wall reinforcement device, particularly relate to a kind of device preventing unstability outside body of wall face from causing masonry structure building earthquake to collapse, be a kind of device preventing built masonry structure building earthquake from collapsing, belong to construction work protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters field.
Background technology
Masonry structure building was once extensively adopted by industry and civilian construction, because the lower and technical requirements of cost is relatively not high, so be present in the city and country of China in a large number.The Ministry of Construction of China has issued related specifications to instruct design and the construction of masonry structure building, and the latest specification version is: " Code for design of masonry strucres " (GB50003-2011).All previous earthquake in recent years shows: the masonry structure building in accordance with Specification Design and construction has good shock resistance.
But still there is considerable masonry house, owing to building the age comparatively early, or not in accordance with Specification Design and construction, all there is structure defect---as lacked collar tie beam, constructional column, masonry mortar strength deficiency etc.If this kind of house meets with earthquake, body of wall is very easily badly shaken.
Masonry structure building mainly relies on body of wall load-bearing.According to all previous earthquake Field Research experience: the destruction of body of wall in face generally can cause metope to occur diagonal crack or forficiform bidirectional oblique crack, but body of wall is unlikely and collapses, and also can not be fallen by the floor of wall support and upper strata body of wall.The main cause causing masonry structure building to collapse is that masonry wall is in the direction unstability perpendicular to metope, the namely distortion of body of wall outside face is excessive, cause masonry wall to collapse to the direction perpendicular to metope, directly cause original floor by its supporting and upper strata body of wall to fall, cause house collapse.
So, for preventing masonry structure building earthquake from collapsing, the distortion of masonry structure building body of wall outside face will be limited by technological means.
Conventionally, the general following methods that adopts carrys out reinforcing masonry structure house wall:
1, cement mortar adds thick wall body.Specific practice is: smear certain thickness cement sand bed in the employing of masonry structure building wall surface and body of wall is thickeied.If cement sand bed is too thick, in order to avoid it comes off, take first to smear one deck cement sand bed, re-lay one deck steel mesh reinforcement, finally smear the method for one deck cement sand bed again.The method improves the shear resistant capacity in its plane by thickening masonry wall, but along with the flat in-plane stiffness of body of wall increases, quality strengthens, when there is earthquake, the geological process power that this body of wall bears is also corresponding to be increased, when there is earthquake, the breakage that this body of wall occurs may can't obviously improve.
2, paste concrete slab and add thick wall body.Specific practice is: paste certain thickness concrete slab on masonry structure building wall surface.The same with the method that employing cement mortar adds thick wall body, the method improves shear resistant capacity in its plane by thickening masonry wall, but increases along with the flat in-plane stiffness of body of wall, and quality strengthens, when there is earthquake, the breakage that this body of wall occurs may can't obviously improve.And because the concrete slab reinforced is thicker, deadweight is comparatively large, brings burden, may also need to reinforce basis after causing reinforcing to original base.
3, FRP method is pasted.FRP full name is glass fiber reinforced composite plastics, is also glass fiber reinforced plastic.Existing CFRP, GFRP, AFRP, BFRP etc. are the high performance materials formed after being mixed according to a certain percentage by fibrous material and matrix material (resin).Adopt the method for pasting FRP reinforcing masonry structure house to be first in surface of wall brushing one deck adhesive glue, then paste FRP.Because FRP price is higher, and this reinforcement means requires relatively strict to construction quality, thus with regard to economy and convenience degree undesirable.In addition, it is also main helpful to supporting capacity in wall plane to paste the method for FRP, not obvious for the raising of bearing capacity outside body of wall face.
Above three kinds of methods are all be conceived to strengthen masonry structure building body of wall shear-carrying capacity planar, and very little at out-of-plane reinforcement effect to body of wall.And all previous earthquake calamity Field Research display: destroy in wall plane and body of wall may be caused to cut up, occur forficiform cross fracture, but can not therefore collapse.So above three kinds of reinforcement means to collapse limited efficiency for preventing masonry structure building earthquake.
4, ring beam and construction column is set up.Specific practice is: near basic adjacent top surface, roof system and near superstructure, is close to masonry structure building body of wall and sets up collar tie beam, and on the corner, longitudinal cross wall intersection and the body of wall place that do not meet the requirement of current specifications ratio of height to thickness set up vertical constructional column.The collar tie beam set up and constructional column and masonry structure building body of wall are linked together by the cementitious materials such as anchor bar or cement mortar.
The parcel that the object of this reinforcing mode is to pass through set up ring beam and construction column improves the globality of masonry structure building, so first have the requirement of sectional dimension and rigidity to collar tie beam, constructional column, if collar tie beam and constructional column is more weak just cannot wale body of wall.This requirement makes newly-increased collar tie beam, constructional column obviously protrudes from metope, if outstanding outside house, then very large to the appearance effects of original masonry structure, if outstanding in house, then affects the use in room.
Secondly, newly-increased ring beam and construction column needs with the connection of body of wall very appropriate, otherwise body of wall and ring beam and construction column are out of shape separately when earthquake, cannot play the effect of ring beam and construction column.The difficulty of construction that this requirement brings is comparatively large, needs at newly-increased collar tie beam, arranges a lot of anchor devices between constructional column and body of wall.
3rd, the spacing of newly-increased collar tie beam and constructional column is comparatively large, if the mortar quality that masonry structure adopts is not high,---this problem is ubiquity in a lot of countryside housing and old historical building---this method is for degree of safety poor effect outside raising body of wall face.
Chinese invention patent 2010102191151 discloses a kind of method of existing masonry structure employing steel part being carried out to seismic hardening, the method is treating that the corner of reinforcing masonry structure utilizes angle steel as edge vertical steel parts, masonry structure alien invasion vertically adopts steel plate as middle part vertical steel parts, masonry structure alien invasion horizontally adopts steel plate as horizontal steel part; The edge vertical steel parts that horizontal steel part follows steel part horizontal in this adjacent are connected, and the middle part vertical steel parts that horizontal steel part also follows steel part horizontal in this stacked are connected.But the reinforcement principle of the method is also set up steel ring beam and steel construction post, main purpose increases the anti-seismic performance of body of wall in face.Because the spacing of steel part is comparatively large, and the bending stiffness of steel part is all less, therefore not remarkable to the effect of contraction of body of wall outside face.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome prior art above shortcomings, directly by the mode of deflection outside body of wall face during restriction earthquake, there is provided a kind of anti seismic efficiency good, affect little on outward appearance and use, the device that construction technology simply prevents unstability outside body of wall face from causing masonry structure building earthquake to collapse.
Object of the present invention is realized by following technical method:
The device preventing unstability outside body of wall face from causing masonry structure building earthquake to collapse, comprises gauze wire cloth, vertical steel pipe, horizontal steel tube, anchor bar and structure glue; Described vertical steel pipe and horizontal steel tube are close to masonry structure building metope and are arranged, and described vertical steel pipe is connected by the roof panel of described anchor bar and masonry structure building, floor plate, grade beam, and the spacing of adjacent twice vertical steel pipe is no more than 3m; Described horizontal steel tube is connected with described vertical steel pipe by welding; Described vertical steel pipe and described horizontal steel tube enclose rectangular area, in rectangular area, with described vertical steel pipe and described horizontal steel tube for laying described gauze wire cloth in limit, described gauze wire cloth and adopt solder design between vertical steel pipe and horizontal steel tube, bonds with structure glue between described gauze wire cloth and masonry structure building metope;
For realizing the object of the invention further, preferably, described vertical steel pipe adopts square tube, pipe, shaped steel or wire rope.
Described horizontal steel tube adopts square tube, pipe, shaped steel or wire rope.
Described gauze wire cloth adopts the braiding of steel wire, wire rope, steel strand, band steel or shaped steel or is welded.
Described anchor bar adopts common hot-rolled reinforced bar, expansion bolt, chemically-planted steel bar, screw rod through walls.
Described structure glue adopts Nano-meter CaCO3
3modified epoxy, Nano-meter SiO_2
2modified epoxy, organic imvite modified epoxyresin or Nano-meter CaCO3
3and Nano-meter SiO_2
2the epoxy resin of combination modification or cement mortar.
The described device preventing unstability outside body of wall face from causing masonry structure building earthquake to collapse arranges at the one side of masonry structure building wall or arranges on inside and outside two sides.
Having the place of door, window hole, described vertical steel pipe is being arranged on door, window hole both sides, described horizontal steel tube is arranged on door, window hole upper and lower, and described gauze wire cloth need not be laid by door, window hole place.
Described horizontal steel tube is arranged on the body of wall place not meeting existing " Code for design of masonry strucres " ratio of height to thickness limit value.
After adopting the present invention, masonry structure building is when meeting with earthquake, and the distortion of its body of wall outside face is limited by this device, and unstability outside body of wall face can be avoided to cause masonry structure building to collapse by earthquake.
Except above regulation, the setting of apparatus of the present invention, geometric parameter and the strength of materials also should follow the related specifications requirement of the art.
Relative to prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
1) anti seismic efficiency is good.Vertical steel pipe, horizontal steel tube are connected by the anchor bar roof panel larger with rigidity in masonry structure building, floor plate, grade beam, elbow, longitudinal cross wall intersection by the present invention, utilize vertical steel pipe and horizontal steel tube as the border bearing of gauze wire cloth, gauze wire cloth is integral with wall connecting further by structure glue, by the rigidity of gauze wire cloth outside wall plane, the deflection of restriction body of wall outside face.If gauze wire cloth is by the mode Shi Hanzhang of stretch-draw, then the anti seismic efficiency of apparatus of the present invention will be better.
2) less material is adopted.Object of the present invention does not lie in protection body of wall not cracking destruction, is just out of shape outside the face of restriction body of wall after cracking destruction and is unlikely to excessive and causes collapsing.
3) better simply construction technology.Gauze wire cloth of the present invention can buy ready-made specification product, vertical steel pipe and horizontal steel tube can buy GB section bar, welding procedure and anchor bar construction technology very ripe at building engineering field, the use of structure glue is also very general at building engineering field.
4) affect less on outward appearance and use.Because the intensity of steel and modulus of elasticity are far above concrete, thus the sectional dimension of vertical steel pipe of the present invention and horizontal steel tube than concrete-constituted pile and collar tie beam much little, it is a lot of that bracing means is unlikely outstanding metope.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic three dimensional views that prevent unstability outside body of wall face from causing device that masonry structure building earthquake is collapsed is arranged on masonry structure building;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram installing apparatus of the present invention at Masonry Wall one side;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that apparatus of the present invention are connected with roof panel, shingle nail, grade beam by anchor bar;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram in the two-sided installation apparatus of the present invention of Masonry Wall;
Fig. 5 apparatus of the present invention are fundamental diagram when earthquake occurs.
Shown in figure: gauze wire cloth 1, vertical steel pipe 2, horizontal steel tube 3, anchor bar 4, structure glue 5, masonry structure building metope 6, roof panel 7, floor plate 8 and grade beam 9.
Detailed description of the invention
For understanding the present invention further, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, but the scope of protection of present invention is not limited to embodiment.
As figure 1 ?shown in 5, prevent the device that unstability outside body of wall face causes masonry structure building earthquake to collapse, form primarily of gauze wire cloth 1, vertical steel pipe 2, horizontal steel tube 3, anchor bar 4 and structure glue 5; Vertical steel pipe 2 and horizontal steel tube 3 are close to masonry structure building metope 6 and are arranged, and vertical steel pipe 2 is connected by the roof panel 7 of anchor bar 4 and masonry structure building, floor plate 8, grade beam 9, and horizontal steel tube 3 is connected with vertical steel pipe 2 by welding; Vertical steel pipe 2 and horizontal steel tube 3 enclose rectangular area, in rectangular area, with vertical steel pipe 2 and horizontal steel tube 3 for laying described gauze wire cloth 1 in limit, adopt solder design between gauze wire cloth 1 and vertical steel pipe 2, horizontal steel tube 3, bond with structure glue 5 between gauze wire cloth 1 and masonry structure building metope 6.Having the place of door, window hole, vertical steel pipe 2 can be arranged on door, window hole both sides, the spacing between two vertical steel pipes is no more than 3m, and horizontal steel tube 3 is arranged on door, window hole upper and lower, and gauze wire cloth 1 need not be laid by door, window hole place.
When earthquake occurs, masonry structure building metope 6 produces the distortion outside its face, prevents unstability outside body of wall face from causing the device that masonry structure building earthquake is collapsed to enter duty.Because roof panel 7, floor plate 8, grade beam 9 are very little to the distortion that metope 6 is outer, so the vertical steel pipe 2 be connected with them by anchor bar 4, horizontal steel tube 3 are also very little to the outer distortion of masonry structure building metope 6.
If this device is only arranged at the one side of masonry structure building metope 6, then, when masonry structure building metope 6 is out of shape to gauze wire cloth 1, the deflection that gauze wire cloth 1 tensioning limits masonry structure building metope 6 exceeds limit value.When gauze wire cloth 1 is out of shape masonry structure building metope 6 dorsad, the deflection that gauze wire cloth 1 limits masonry structure building metope 6 by structure glue 5 exceeds limit value.
If this device is in the two-sided setting of masonry structure building metope 6, then when masonry structure building metope 6 is out of shape outside metope, the deflection of the gauze wire cloth 1 meeting tensioning simultaneously restriction masonry structure building metope 6 on masonry structure building metope 6 two sides exceeds limit value.
Embodiment
Certain masonry structure building totally 2 layers, plane is rectangle, and as shown in Figure 1,3, floor height is 4.0m, house overall length 10.0m, beam overall 7.0m, height overall 8.0m.The masonry structure building metope 6 of bottom is directly shelved on grade beam 9, the thick 100mm of two floor panels 8, the thick 120mm of top layer roof panel 7.The thickness of body of wall 6 is 180mm, and masonry strength adopts Mu7.5, mortar strength M5.Offer gate and window at the long side direction in house, offer window at another long side direction, all offer window in two broadsides.
This masonry structure building does not arrange ring beam and construction column, body of wall ratio of height to thickness is larger, the intensity of the mortar adopted when building is lower, regard as through Seismic Evaluation and be difficult to bear this area's fortification intensity earthquake---when meeting with geological process, masonry wall 6 will to himself plane foreign side to swinging back and forth, if when earthquake intensity reaches fortification intensity, the amplitude that masonry structure building metope 6 swings back and forth is more than 100mm.The masonry structure building metope 6 of bottom also carries the vertical load on top, when its distortion outside face reaches 100mm, will collapse.So, apparatus of the present invention need be adopted to carry out consolidation process to this masonry structure building.
The specification adopting gauze wire cloth 1 is φ 4@50 × 50, and namely diameter is the steel wire of 4mm, and establishment is the grid of 50 × 50, and strength classes of structural steel is Q235.Vertical steel pipe 2 and horizontal steel tube 3 all adopt square tube, and specification is 200 × 8 (the outer length of side × wall thickness), and strength classes of structural steel is Q235.Anchor bar 4 adopts chemically-planted steel bar, and structure glue adopts Nano-meter CaCO3
3modified epoxy.Only in outer setting apparatus of the present invention of this masonry structure building.
First at elbow place, both sides, gate, window both sides arrange vertical steel pipe 2, the spacing between two vertical steel pipes is no more than 3m, and vertical steel pipe 2 is connected with roof panel 7, floor plate 8, grade beam 9 by anchor bar 4.
According to existing " Code for design of masonry strucres " (GB50003-2001), the ratio of height to thickness limit value of body of wall 6 is 4320mm, is less than This floor high.So only near roof panel 7, floor plate 8, grade beam 9, arrange horizontal steel tube 3 above window upper and lower, gate, the two ends of horizontal steel tube 3 are welded with vertical steel pipe 2.Horizontal steel tube 3 near roof panel 7, floor plate 8, grade beam 9 is also connected with roof panel 7, floor plate 8, grade beam 9 by anchor bar 4, also welds with vertical steel pipe 2 simultaneously.Now masonry structure building metope 6 is divided into some rectangular areas by vertical steel pipe 2 and horizontal steel tube 3, to get the raw materials ready gauze wire cloth 1 by the size of these rectangular areas.
Coat structure glue 5 on the surface of masonry structure building metope 6, gauze wire cloth 1 is close to masonry wall 6 and lays, four limits of gauze wire cloth 1 are connected with the vertical steel pipe 2 of its periphery, horizontal steel tube 3 by welding.
In order to protect apparatus of the present invention of installation, adopt paint brushing gauze wire cloth 1, vertical steel pipe 2 and horizontal steel tube 3, finally in surface smear one deck cement mortar of gauze wire cloth 1.
After adopting apparatus of the present invention to reinforce, house is when meeting with the geological process of fortification intensity, and masonry structure building metope 6 meeting is along himself plane foreign side to swinging back and forth, but the amplitude swung is limited by apparatus of the present invention.Because roof panel 7, floor plate 8, grade beam 9 are very little to the distortion that masonry structure building metope 6 is outer, so the vertical steel pipe 2 be connected with them by anchor bar 4, horizontal steel tube 3 are also very little to the outer distortion of masonry structure building metope 6.
Apparatus of the present invention are only arranged at the one side of masonry structure building metope 6, and when masonry structure building metope 6 is out of shape to gauze wire cloth 1, gauze wire cloth 1 tensioning, makes the deflection of masonry structure building metope 6 be no more than 50mm.When gauze wire cloth 1 is out of shape masonry structure building metope 6 dorsad, the deflection that gauze wire cloth 1 limits masonry structure building metope 6 by structure glue 5 is no more than 50mm.
Principle for seismic design of the present invention is different from Chinese invention patent 2010102191151.Vertical steel pipe, horizontal steel tube are connected by the anchor bar roof panel larger with rigidity in masonry structure building, floor plate, grade beam, elbow, longitudinal cross wall intersection by the present invention, utilize vertical steel pipe and horizontal steel tube as the border bearing of gauze wire cloth, gauze wire cloth is integral with wall connecting further by structure glue, by the rigidity of gauze wire cloth outside wall plane, the deflection of restriction body of wall outside face.And the main purpose of Chinese invention patent 2010102191151 still substitutes concrete ring beam and construction column, improve body of wall anti-seismic performance planar, because vertical and horizontal steel plate is less in out-of-plane rigidity, and the spacing of vertical and horizontal steel plate is larger, therefore be difficult to the deflection of restriction body of wall outside face, be also just difficult to stop body of wall to collapse outside the face under earthquake calamity.Adopt apparatus of the present invention reinforcing masonry structure house; effectively protect the safety of house under geological process; and add thick wall body with existing cement mortar, paste concrete slab add thick wall body, paste FRP, set up the methods such as ring beam and construction column compared with; apparatus of the present invention consume material is less; construction technology is simpler; cost is less, affects less on outward appearance and use, can spread.
Claims (9)
1. the device preventing unstability outside body of wall face from causing masonry structure building earthquake to collapse, is characterized in that, comprises gauze wire cloth, vertical steel pipe, horizontal steel tube, anchor bar and structure glue; Described vertical steel pipe and horizontal steel tube are close to masonry structure building metope and are arranged, and described vertical steel pipe is connected by the roof panel of described anchor bar and masonry structure building, floor plate, grade beam, and the spacing of adjacent twice vertical steel pipe is no more than 3m; Described horizontal steel tube is connected with described vertical steel pipe by welding; Described vertical steel pipe and described horizontal steel tube enclose rectangular area, in rectangular area, with described vertical steel pipe and described horizontal steel tube for laying described gauze wire cloth in limit, described gauze wire cloth and adopt solder design between vertical steel pipe and horizontal steel tube, bonds with structure glue between described gauze wire cloth and masonry structure building metope.
2. the device preventing unstability outside body of wall face from causing masonry structure building earthquake to collapse according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described vertical steel pipe adopts square tube, pipe, shaped steel or wire rope.
3. the device preventing unstability outside body of wall face from causing masonry structure building earthquake to collapse according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described horizontal steel tube adopts square tube, pipe, shaped steel or wire rope.
4. the device preventing unstability outside body of wall face from causing masonry structure building earthquake to collapse according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described gauze wire cloth adopts the braiding of steel wire, wire rope, steel strand, band steel or shaped steel or is welded.
5. the device preventing unstability outside body of wall face from causing masonry structure building earthquake to collapse according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described anchor bar adopts common hot-rolled reinforced bar, expansion bolt, chemically-planted steel bar, screw rod through walls.
6. the device preventing unstability outside body of wall face from causing masonry structure building earthquake to collapse according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described structure glue adopts Nano-meter CaCO3
3modified epoxy, Nano-meter SiO_2
2modified epoxy, organic imvite modified epoxyresin or Nano-meter CaCO3
3and Nano-meter SiO_2
2the epoxy resin of combination modification or cement mortar.
7. the device preventing unstability outside body of wall face from causing masonry structure building earthquake to collapse according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described in prevent unstability outside body of wall face from causing masonry structure building earthquake to collapse device masonry structure building wall one side arrange or arrange on inside and outside two sides.
8. the device preventing unstability outside body of wall face from causing masonry structure building earthquake to collapse according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, there iing the place of door, window hole, described vertical steel pipe is arranged on door, window hole both sides, described horizontal steel tube is arranged on door, window hole upper and lower, and described gauze wire cloth need not be laid by door, window hole place.
9. the device preventing unstability outside body of wall face from causing masonry structure building earthquake to collapse according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described horizontal steel tube is arranged on the body of wall place not meeting existing " Code for design of masonry strucres " ratio of height to thickness limit value.
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