CN104790000B - A kind of manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN104790000B
CN104790000B CN201410750588.2A CN201410750588A CN104790000B CN 104790000 B CN104790000 B CN 104790000B CN 201410750588 A CN201410750588 A CN 201410750588A CN 104790000 B CN104790000 B CN 104790000B
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manganese
parts
electroplate liquid
chloride
magnet alloy
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CN104790000A (en
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张朋越
郑小美
卢阳春
丁丽菁
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ZHEJIANG KAIVEN MAGNETIC INDUSTRY Co Ltd
China Jiliang University
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ZHEJIANG KAIVEN MAGNETIC INDUSTRY Co Ltd
China Jiliang University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
    • C25D3/56Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/14Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates
    • H01F41/24Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates from liquids
    • H01F41/26Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates from liquids using electric currents, e.g. electroplating

Abstract

Manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid and preparation method thereof belongs to coat of metal electro-deposition preparation field.The manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid of the present invention contains frerrous chloride, manganese chloride, bismuth chloride ingredient and suitable water;Boric acid, sodium hypophosphite, sodium citrate and ascorbic acid are also added in the formula;The parts by weight of each ingredient are in plating solution:35~45 parts of boric acid, 30~45 parts of sodium hypophosphite, 5~15 parts of frerrous chloride, 55~65 parts of manganese chloride, 4~10 parts of bismuth chloride, 35~45 parts of sodium citrate, 1~5 part of ascorbic acid.The present invention also provides the preparation methods of manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid, using workpiece to be electroplated as cathode, to be electroplated in this electroplate liquid using Pt pieces as anode, and the temperature of electroplate liquid is 20~40 DEG C, and voltage when plating is 2.0 ~ 5.0V.The electroplate liquid of the present invention has chemical stability height, of low cost, environment friendly and pollution-free.There is this preparation method simple controllable, obtained manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy coating to have corrosion resistance strong, and magnetic property is good, is mainly used for the fields such as the surface finishing and magnetic material of miscellaneous hardware etc..

Description

A kind of manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquids and preparation method thereof, belong to coat of metal electro-deposition and prepare neck Domain.
Background technology
Plating have it is of low cost, it is simple for process, it is easy to operate the advantages that, it we live in application it is very extensive, Closely bound up with the various aspects of life, plating is one of most efficient method in process for treating surface.Past is mainly electroplated Monometallic, far from meet modernization to surface property the needs of.Therefore, rapid hair of the plating alloy at nearly more than 20 years Exhibition, it can not only obtain the surface of property, but also type is various, and application range is more extensive, has been applied at present The industries such as magnetic material.MnBi alloys with magnetic performance just receive significant attention after being found from nineteen forty-three, each prosperity state Family all gives very big support to the research of the material.MnBi alloys have good magneto-optical property at high temperature, can be used for magnetic Light-memory medium, people are more in preparation method, magneto-optical property, alloying etc. to the MnBi alloy films by MnBi composition of alloy The research that a aspect is concentrated.So far, scientist mainly uses vacuum vapour deposition and sputtering method to prepare MnBi Alloy film, the MnBi alloy films obtained have good coercivity and a temperature characterisitic, but that there are equipment is complicated due to these methods, It is expensive, of high cost, be not easy to mass produce, to limit its application.According to literature survey, so far, only B. Benfedda seminars report one about successfully obtaining MnBi alloys using electro-deposition techniques and have studied its electro-deposition machine Reason, then has not been reported.Therefore, it develops a kind of environmental type electrolyte and prepares the manganese bismuth iron phosphorus with magnetic performance with this Permanent-magnet alloy coating is of great significance.Through retrieving Chinese patent, in relation to electroplate liquid in terms of invention it is very much, but without of the invention The technology being related to.
Invention content
The present invention provides manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid, which is free of corrosive goods Matter, safety and environmental protection, chemical stability is high, and preparation process is simply controllable.The present invention also provides a kind of manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electricity The preparation method of plating solution, has that preparation process is easy to operate, of low cost, corrosion resistance is strong, safety and environmental protection.The electroplate liquid is mainly used In the surface finishing of miscellaneous hardware etc. and the manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy of magnetic material.
The present invention particular technique content be:
A kind of manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid should containing frerrous chloride, manganese chloride, bismuth chloride ingredient and suitable quantity of water Also contain boric acid, sodium hypophosphite, sodium citrate and ascorbic acid in formula;The parts by weight of each ingredient therein are respectively: 35~45 parts of boric acid, 30~45 parts of sodium hypophosphite, 5~15 parts of frerrous chloride, 55~65 parts of manganese chloride, bismuth chloride 2~10 Part, 35~45 parts of sodium citrate, 1~5 part of ascorbic acid;It is formulated each component in the manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy of preparation from the above mentioned Mass percent be manganese 2%~27%, bismuth 3%~20%, iron 50%~75%, phosphorus 10%~21%.
The parts by weight of a kind of above-mentioned manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid, optimum formula are 40 parts of boric acid, secondary Asia 40 parts of sodium phosphate, 12 parts of frerrous chloride, 60 parts of manganese chloride, 6 parts of bismuth chloride, 40 parts of sodium citrate, 3 parts of ascorbic acid and appropriate Water;The mass percent of each component is in manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy in the manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy prepared by upper optimum formula The mass percent of each component is manganese 15%, bismuth 20%, iron 50%, phosphorus 15%.
Another manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid of the present invention, contains frerrous chloride, manganese chloride, bismuth chloride ingredient And suitable quantity of water, it is characterised in that:Also contain boric acid, sodium hypophosphite, sodium citrate and ascorbic acid in the formula;It is therein each The parts by weight of ingredient are respectively:38~42 parts of boric acid, 35~42 parts of sodium hypophosphite, 8~13 parts of frerrous chloride, manganese chloride 58~62 parts, 4~7 parts of bismuth chloride, 38~42 parts of sodium citrate, 2~4 parts of ascorbic acid.
The parts by weight of above-mentioned manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid, one optimum formula are 40 parts of boric acid, secondary phosphorous 40 parts of sour sodium, 10 parts of frerrous chloride, 60 parts of manganese chloride, 6 parts of bismuth chloride, 40 parts of sodium citrate, 3 parts of ascorbic acid.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid, are above-mentioned any one to prepare The method of manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid described in, including first boric acid is dissolved in the warm water of total volume 1/2, it stirs When be added sodium hypophosphite, sodium citrate, obtain solution A after dissolving;The pH value for further including adjustment solution A is 2, is then added successively Enter frerrous chloride, manganese chloride, bismuth chloride and ascorbic acid, and suitable water is added, electricity can be carried out after being sufficiently stirred 2 hours Plating.
The preparation method of the manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid, using Pt pieces as anode, using workpiece to be electroplated as cathode, The temperature being electroplated in electroplate liquid is 20~35 DEG C, and voltage when plating is 2.0~5.0V.The manganese bismuth iron phosphorus electroplate liquid Optimum temperature be 28 DEG C.
Since temperature of electroplating solution raising can accelerate the movement velocity of particle in plating solution, to reduce the time of plating, but temperature Height is spent, can make occur a large amount of bubble in plating solution, lead to the degradation of coating, it is described to make coating surface even uniform Plating when manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid temperature be preferably also 25 DEG C~32 DEG C, manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electricity The optimum temperature of the preparation method of plating solution, the manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid is 28 DEG C.
Plating power supply used preferably uses DC power supply, be electroplated the thickness of manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy coating obtained by Electroplating time determines.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has technique effect beneficial below:
Manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid of the present invention, due to the protection that need not ventilate, plating solution standing time is long, and chemistry is steady Qualitative height;It is of low cost since without additive, selected material itself price, low, electroplating device is again simple;Plating solution In be free of corrosive substance, it is environmentally friendly without discharge of steam during plating;Manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid of the present invention The manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy coating surface that preparation method is obtained is more smooth, can be applied in actual production, and traditional MnBi alloys membrane preparation method such as vacuum evaporation, sputtering method etc. is compared, and has unique advantage.Prepared manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent magnetism Due to the content of phosphorus height in each component in alloy layer, which has strong corrosion resistance, while alloy stability is good, peace Loopful is protected, and compared with traditional MnBi alloy films, performance is more superior;Meanwhile iron has very strong ferromagnetism, and have good Plasticity and thermal conductivity, manganese bismuth alloy also have magnetic property.The manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy prepared by the present invention is mainly used for day With the surface finishing and magnetic material of hardware etc., future application will more extensively.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the electron spectrum of the manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy coating of the present invention(EDS)Implementation illustration.
With reference to the accompanying drawings shown in 1, abscissa is ENERGY E nergy/keV, and ordinate is can spectral intensity Intensitv/a.u.; The spectral peak of Mn, Bi, Fe, P and Cu are shown in figure.
Fig. 2 is the scanning electron microscope of the manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy coating of Fig. 1(SEM)Figure.
Specific implementation mode
It is clear in order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and advantageous effects be more clear, below in conjunction with attached drawing into One step detailed description of the present invention technology contents and specific implementation mode.It should be understood that described in this specification specific Embodiment is not intended to limit the present invention just for the sake of explaining the present invention.
Embodiment 1
40g boric acid is dissolved in the warm water of 0.5L, 40g sodium hypophosphites, 40g sodium citrates are sequentially added under stirring, It is sufficiently stirred, obtains solution A after mixing;The pH value that solution A is adjusted with the HCl of 1.0mol/L is 2, under stiring, successively 10g frerrous chlorides, 60g manganese chlorides, 6g bismuth chlorides and 3g ascorbic acid is added, after being sufficiently stirred 2 hours, adds appropriate water-soluble to 1L Obtain manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid.
Using Pt pieces as anode, using copper foil as cathode, it is electroplated in the manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid of above-mentioned acquisition, Electroplating voltage is 3.0V, and the temperature of electroplate liquid is 28 DEG C, electroplating time 10 minutes, after plating, coating use successively ethyl alcohol and Water cleans, and is dried up after cleaning up and obtains manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy coating.
Manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy coating manufactured in the present embodiment, scanning electron microscope(SEM)As shown in Fig. 1, Superficial layer spheroidal, coating surface have a little crack, but whole still more smooth.Coating composition after tested, EDS results (Fig. 2)It has been shown that, Cu are substrate peak, and after normalization, the mass percentage content of each component is in the alloy:Manganese is 15%, and bismuth is 20%, iron is 50% and phosphorus is 15%.Pass through vibrating specimen magnetometer(VSM)The magnetic property of manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy is detected Know that its coercivity is 520 Oe, there is preferable permanent magnetism performance.
Embodiment 2
35g boric acid is dissolved in the warm water of 0.5L, 45g sodium hypophosphites, 35g sodium citrates are sequentially added under stirring, It is sufficiently stirred, obtains solution A after mixing;The pH value that solution A is adjusted with the HCl of 1.0mol/L is 2, under stiring, successively 5g frerrous chlorides, 55g manganese chlorides, 2g bismuth chlorides and 1g ascorbic acid is added adds suitable quantity of water to be settled to after being sufficiently stirred 2 hours 1L obtains manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid.
Using Pt pieces as anode, using copper foil as cathode, it is electroplated in the manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid of above-mentioned acquisition, Electroplating voltage is 2.0V, and the temperature of electroplate liquid is 20 DEG C, electroplating time 15 minutes, after plating, coating use successively ethyl alcohol and Water cleans, and is dried up after cleaning up and obtains manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy coating.
Manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy coating manufactured in the present embodiment is rougher, and crackle is smaller.Coating composition after tested, EDS The results show that Cu is substrate peak, after normalization, the mass percentage content manganese of each component is 27% in the alloy, bismuth 7%, iron It is 11% for 55 % and phosphorus.Pass through vibrating specimen magnetometer(VSM)It, which is rectified, is learnt to the magnetic property detection of manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy Stupid power is 360 Oe, shows permanent magnetism performance.
Embodiment 3
45g boric acid is dissolved in the warm water of 0.5L, 30g sodium hypophosphites, 42g sodium citrates are sequentially added under stirring, It is sufficiently stirred, obtains solution A after mixing;The pH value that solution A is adjusted with the HCl of 1.0mol/L is 2, under stiring, successively 15g frerrous chlorides, 65g manganese chlorides, 10g bismuth chlorides and 5g ascorbic acid is added, after being sufficiently stirred 2 hours, adds suitable quantity of water constant volume Manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid is obtained to 1L.
Using Pt pieces as anode, using copper foil as cathode, it is electroplated in the manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid of above-mentioned acquisition, Electroplating voltage is 5.0V, and the temperature of electroplate liquid is 35 DEG C, electroplating time 20 minutes, after plating, coating use successively ethyl alcohol and Water cleans, and is dried up after cleaning up and obtains manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy coating.
Manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy coating manufactured in the present embodiment, surface is more coarse, partly has and falls off.Coating after tested Ingredient, EDS is the results show that Cu is substrate peak, and after normalization, the mass percentage content manganese of each component is 2% in the alloy, bismuth It is 16%, iron is 61% and phosphorus is 21%.Pass through vibrating specimen magnetometer(VSM)Magnetic property detection to manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy It learns that its coercivity is 255 Oe, shows as permanent magnetism performance.
Embodiment 4
38g boric acid is dissolved in the warm water of 0.5L, 35g sodium hypophosphites, 45g sodium citrates are sequentially added under stirring, It is sufficiently stirred, obtains solution A after mixing;The pH value that solution A is adjusted with the HCl of 1.0mol/L is 2, under stiring, successively 8g frerrous chlorides, 62g manganese chlorides, 4g bismuth chlorides and 2g ascorbic acid is added adds suitable quantity of water to be settled to after being sufficiently stirred 2 hours 1L obtains manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid.
Using Pt pieces as anode, using copper foil as cathode, it is electroplated in the manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid of above-mentioned acquisition, Electroplating voltage is 4.0V, and the temperature of electroplate liquid is 30 DEG C, and electroplating time 5 minutes, after plating, coating uses second alcohol and water successively Cleaning dries up after cleaning up and obtains manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy coating.
Manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy coating manufactured in the present embodiment, coating surface have a little crack.Coating composition after tested, EDS is the results show that Cu is substrate peak, and after normalization, the mass percentage content manganese of each component is 12% in the alloy, bismuth 3%, Iron is 75% and phosphorus is 10%.Pass through vibrating specimen magnetometer(VSM)It is learnt to the magnetic property detection of manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy Coercivity is 186 Oe, shows as permanent magnetism performance.
Embodiment 5
42g boric acid is dissolved in the warm water of 0.5L, 42g sodium hypophosphites, 38g sodium citrates are sequentially added under stirring, It is sufficiently stirred, obtains solution A after mixing;The pH value that solution A is adjusted with the HCl of 1.0mol/L is 2, under stiring, successively 13g frerrous chlorides, 58g manganese chlorides, 7g bismuth chlorides and 4g ascorbic acid is added adds suitable quantity of water to be settled to after being sufficiently stirred 2 hours 1L obtains manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid.
Using Pt pieces as anode, using copper foil as cathode, it is electroplated in the manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid of above-mentioned acquisition, Electroplating voltage is 3.0V, and the temperature of electroplate liquid is 32 DEG C, electroplating time 30 minutes, after plating, coating use successively ethyl alcohol and Water cleans, and is dried up after cleaning up and obtains manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy coating.
Manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy coating manufactured in the present embodiment, surface has a little crack, structure smooth.Coating after tested Ingredient, EDS is the results show that Cu is substrate peak, and after normalization, the mass percentage content manganese of each component is 16% in the alloy, bismuth It is 18%, iron is 52% and phosphorus is 14%.Pass through vibrating specimen magnetometer(VSM)Magnetic property detection to manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy It learns that its coercivity is 455 Oe, shows as permanent magnetism performance.
The object of the invention and positive technique effect are realized by said program.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid, special containing frerrous chloride, manganese chloride, bismuth chloride ingredient and suitable quantity of water Sign is:Also contain boric acid, sodium hypophosphite, sodium citrate and ascorbic acid in the formula;The parts by weight of each ingredient therein Number is respectively:40 parts of boric acid, 40 parts of sodium hypophosphite, 10 parts of frerrous chloride, 60 parts of manganese chloride, 6 parts of bismuth chloride, sodium citrate 40 Part, 3 parts of ascorbic acid.
2. a kind of preparation method of manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Including First boric acid is dissolved in the warm water of total volume 1/2, sodium hypophosphite, sodium citrate are added when stirring, solution is obtained after dissolving A;The pH value for further including adjustment solution A is 2, then sequentially adds frerrous chloride, manganese chloride, bismuth chloride and ascorbic acid, is added Suitable water can be electroplated after being sufficiently stirred 2 hours.
3. a kind of preparation method of manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:It is with Pt pieces Anode, using workpiece to be electroplated as cathode, the temperature that is electroplated in electroplate liquid is 20~35 DEG C, and voltage when plating is 2.0 ~5.0V.
4. the preparation method of manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:The manganese bismuth iron phosphorus The optimum temperature of electroplate liquid is 28 DEG C.
CN201410750588.2A 2014-12-10 2014-12-10 A kind of manganese bismuth iron phosphorus permanent-magnet alloy electroplate liquid and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN104790000B (en)

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CN105951140B (en) * 2016-06-08 2018-08-17 中国计量大学 Rare earth-free manganese-based permanent magnet electroplating solution and preparation method thereof
CN105951125B (en) * 2016-06-08 2018-08-17 中国计量大学 A kind of manganese base magnetism electroplate liquid and preparation method thereof
CN105970257B (en) * 2016-06-30 2018-12-25 中国计量大学 A kind of iron-manganese-phosphorus magnetic alloy electroplate liquid and preparation method thereof
CN109440149B (en) * 2018-11-23 2021-06-08 云南师范大学 Electroplating liquid composition and process for electroplating high-iron-low-tin alloy
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