CN104779835B

CN104779835B - A kind of hybrid generator and electricity-generating method

Info

Publication number: CN104779835B
Application number: CN201410016574.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程纲; 林宗宏; 王中林
Original assignee: Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems
Current assignee: Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems
Priority date: 2014-01-14
Filing date: 2014-01-14
Publication date: 2017-06-23
Anticipated expiration: 2034-01-14
Also published as: CN104779835A

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of hybrid generator and electricity-generating method, generator includes common rotating shaft, electrostatic induction electrification component and triboelectricity component, the blade wheel of electrostatic induction electrification component in the presence of working fluid when rotating, two rotating disks of triboelectricity component are driven mutually to rotate, the friction that slides over each other of two the two of rotating disk frictional layers makes contact area change, two electrode layers of triboelectricity component are made to export electric signal, left after liquid of the surface with electrostatic charge and the blade contact of electrostatic induction electrification component, electric signal is produced between the electrode layer and ground potential of blade.Triboelectricity component, electric energy is converted into by the mechanical kinetic energy of current；Electrostatic induction electrification component collects the electrostatic energy in working fluid, and hybrid generator of the invention can simultaneously collect electrostatic energy and mechanical energy in working fluid, for the energy of the diversified forms in comprehensive utilization working fluid provides approach.

Description

Hybrid generator and power generation method

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an electrical generator, and in particular to a hybrid generator and method of generating electrical energy from various forms of energy in a flowing liquid.

Background

The friction generator is a novel mode invented recently for converting mechanical energy into electric energy, utilizes mutual friction between two materials with different electronic capabilities to generate surface charge transfer, can convert widely existing mechanical energy, such as sea waves, wind energy, kinetic energy of various moving objects and energy of human activities, such as walking, running, jumping and the like, into electric energy, and provides a power supply for small electronic devices, such as portable equipment and the like. However, many movements of nature, such as: water currents, sea waves, etc., include not only mechanical kinetic energy, but also other forms of energy. For example, the water flow not only has mechanical kinetic energy, but also generates frictional charges by rubbing the surrounding medium (air, etc.) during the flowing process of the water, so that the water flow has electrostatic energy. The existing friction generator can not convert different forms of energy in water flow into electric energy at the same time.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention relates to a hybrid generator and a power generation method, which can simultaneously convert electrostatic energy and mechanical kinetic energy in flowing liquid into electric energy by combining an electrostatic induction power generation assembly and a friction power generation assembly.

To achieve the above object, the present method provides a hybrid generator comprising:

a common axis of rotation;

an electrostatically induced power generation assembly comprising: forming a blade wheel from a plurality of fixedly connected blades, each blade having a surface parallel to the common axis of rotation, the blades comprising a substrate layer and an electrode layer; the electrode layers of all the blades are connected to an equipotential; when the blades of the blade wheel are impacted by flowing liquid, the blade wheel rotates around the common rotating shaft, so that the blades are sequentially contacted with the liquid, and an electric signal is generated between an electrode layer of each blade and the equipotential;

a triboelectric power generation assembly comprising: the first turntable is formed by sequentially laminating a substrate layer, a first electrode layer and a first friction layer; the second turntable is formed by sequentially laminating a second substrate layer, a second electrode layer and a second friction layer; the first rotating disc and the second rotating disc are oppositely arranged to enable the first friction layer and the second friction layer to be in contact with each other, and under the driving of the vane wheel, the first rotating disc can rotate relative to the second rotating disc by taking the common rotating shaft as a shaft, so that the first friction layer and the second friction layer are in sliding friction with each other, and when the contact area is changed, an electric signal is output between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer.

Preferably, the blade of the blade wheel further comprises a hydrophobic layer attached to an electrode layer of the blade.

Preferably, the plurality of blades of the blade wheel are evenly distributed around the common axis of rotation.

Preferably, the common rotation shaft is fixed to the second rotating disc of the friction generating assembly, and the first rotating disc of the friction generating assembly is fixed to the vane wheel and rotates around the common rotation shaft;

or,

the common rotational shaft is fixed to a first turntable of the friction power generating assembly, which is fixed to the vane wheel and rotates about the common rotational shaft.

Preferably, the first friction layer and the second friction layer have the same or complementary surface shape.

Preferably, the first rotating disc and the second rotating disc of the friction power generation assembly are both composed of a plurality of fan blades with the same shape, and the number of the fan blades of the two rotating discs is equal.

Preferably, the plurality of fan blades of the first rotating disc and the plurality of fan blades of the second rotating disc are distributed in a central symmetry mode by taking the intersection point of the common rotating shaft and the rotating discs as the center.

Preferably, the number of the blades of the blade wheel is equal to or different from the number of the blades of the first rotating disk.

Preferably, the hydrophobic layer of the blade surface of the blade wheel consists of a thin film with superhydrophobic properties.

Preferably, the hydrophobic layer has a contact angle of greater than 120 °.

Preferably, the hydrophobic layer is formed by growing a nano-scale structure on a surface micro-scale structure.

Preferably, the flowing liquid is electrostatically charged when in contact with the blades of the blade wheel, the electrostatic charge on the blades being generated by friction with the surrounding medium during the flow of the liquid.

Preferably, the flowing liquid is naturally flowing water, wastewater flowing in a sewer pipe, oil flowing in an oil pipeline, ocean current moving seawater in the sea, or tidal moving sea waves.

Preferably, the first friction layer and the second friction layer are made of different materials, and a friction electrode sequence difference exists between the first friction layer and the second friction layer.

Preferably, the first friction layer, the second friction layer and/or the hydrophobic layer of the blade is an insulating material selected from one or more of the following materials: aniline formaldehyde resin, polyoxymethylene, ethylcellulose, polyamide nylon 11, polyamide nylon 66, wool and its fabrics, silk and its fabrics, paper, polyethylene glycol succinate, cellulose acetate, polyethylene glycol adipate, polydiallyl phthalate, regenerated cellulose sponge, cotton and its fabrics, polyurethane elastomers, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers, styrene-butadiene copolymers, wood, hard rubber, acetate, rayon, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyisobutylene, polyurethane elastic sponge, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl butyral, butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers, neoprene, natural rubber, polyacrylonitrile, poly (vinylidene chloride-co-acrylonitrile), polybisphenol a carbonate, polychlorinated ether, polyvinyl chloride-co-acrylonitrile, Polyvinylidene chloride, poly (2, 6-dimethyl polyphenylene oxide), polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, poly diphenyl propane carbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide, polyvinyl chloride, polydimethylsiloxane, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, and parylene.

Preferably, the electrode layer material of the first electrode layer, the second electrode layer and/or the vane wheel is metal, alloy, conductive oxide or organic conductor.

Preferably, all or part of the surfaces of the first friction layer and the second friction layer which can contact with each other in the rotating process has a nano structure or a micro structure; the nanostructures and microstructures are selected from the group consisting of nanowires, nanorods, nanotubes, nanocones, nanoparticles, nanochannels, microwires, nanorods, microtubes, microcyramids, microparticles, and microchannels.

Preferably, the surface of the first friction layer and/or the second friction layer is chemically modified, wherein a functional group which is easier to lose electrons is introduced on the surface of a material with a relatively positive friction electrode sequence, or a functional group which is easier to obtain electrons is introduced on the surface of a material with a relatively negative friction electrode sequence; or, positive charges are introduced on the surface of the material with positive polarity, and negative charges are introduced on the surface of the material with negative polarity.

Preferably, the equipotential is a ground potential or an equipotential source circuit.

Preferably, the electrical signals of the static electricity induction generating assembly and the friction generating assembly are respectively rectified and then connected in parallel.

Preferably, the diameter range of the rotating disc and the vane wheel is 10-1000 mm;

and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the thickness of the first substrate layer, the second substrate layer and the substrate layer of the blade ranges from 0.1 mm to 10 mm.

Preferably, the hydrophobic layer has a thickness in the range of 10nm to 5 mm.

Correspondingly, the invention also provides a power generation method, which adopts the hybrid generator of any one of the above items, and comprises the following steps:

the flowing liquid impacts the blades of the electrostatic induction assembly causing the blade wheel to rotate about the common axis of rotation; the vane wheel drives the first rotating disc of the friction power generation assembly to rotate relative to the second rotating disc;

the liquid impacts the blades and leaves the blades, producing an alternating electrical signal between the electrode layer of the blades of the static induced generator assembly and the equipotential; the first friction layer and the second friction layer are mutually in sliding friction to generate an alternating electric signal between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the generator comprises two sets of independent generating components, and the blade wheel comprises an electrostatic induction generating component for collecting electrostatic energy in flowing liquid; the two turntables form a turntable type friction power generation assembly for collecting mechanical kinetic energy in flowing liquid. The impeller drives a rotating disk to rotate together with the impeller under the impact of flowing liquid. The hybrid generator composed of the static induction generating assembly and the friction generating assembly can collect static energy and mechanical kinetic energy in flowing liquid at the same time.

The blade wheel of the static induction power generation assembly consists of a plurality of blades, and two turntables of the friction power generation assembly are of a multi-blade structure. By changing the number of the blades and the number of the fan blades, the output frequency of the generator can be regulated and controlled.

The hybrid generator provided by the invention can be used for collecting energy in water flow in daily life, such as: tap water flowing out of the household faucet has a wide use environment. The blade wheel and the rotating disc can be driven to rotate by other modes such as wind energy, human motion and the like, so that the rotating disc type friction generator can generate electrical output, and the rotating disc type friction generator has wide practical application.

Micro-nano structure modification or surface chemical modification can be carried out on the surface of the friction layer of the turntable of the friction power generation assembly, so that the electrical output characteristic of the generator is improved.

The high-frequency pulse generator can be combined with a full-bridge rectifier to convert alternating current signals output by an electrostatic induction power generation assembly or a friction power generation assembly into unidirectional pulse signals, can be directly applied to the fields of electrochemistry and the like as a pulse power supply, can also charge a capacitor or a lithium ion battery, and can also provide a required high-frequency power supply for various small portable electronic devices.

The electric signals output by the static induction generating assembly and the friction generating assembly are respectively rectified and then are connected in parallel, so that the output current of the generator can be improved.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the drawings. The drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the invention.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a hybrid generator in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a hybrid generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a generator with a friction layer made of a conductive material;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a generator with a friction layer made of a conductive material;

fig. 5 (a) - (d) are schematic diagrams illustrating the operation principle of the static electricity induction power generation assembly composed of the vane wheel;

fig. 6 (a) - (d) are schematic diagrams illustrating the operation principle of the friction power generation assembly composed of the rotating discs;

FIG. 7 is an SEM image and contact angle test image of the nanostructure of the surface of the hydrophobic layer and the friction layer;

fig. 8 (a) and (b) are open circuit voltage curves of the hybrid generator;

fig. 9 (a) and (b) show short-circuit current curves of the hybrid generator;

fig. 10 (a) and (b) show the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current of the hybrid generator as a function of the water flow rate.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described implementation examples are only a part of implementation examples of the present invention, and not all implementation examples. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Next, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic drawings, and when the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, the schematic drawings are only for convenience of description and should not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention relates to a hybrid friction generator based on a waterwheel structure and a power generation method, which can simultaneously convert electrostatic energy and mechanical kinetic energy in water flow into electric energy.

The concrete structure of the hybrid friction generator with the waterwheel structure of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a front view of a typical structure of a hybrid generator, and fig. 2 is a corresponding top view thereof, including: a common rotating shaft 401, an electrostatic induction generating assembly, and a friction generating assembly. Wherein, the friction electricity generation subassembly includes: the first turntable is formed by sequentially laminating a first substrate layer 101, a first electrode layer 102 and a first friction layer 103; the second turntable is formed by sequentially laminating a second substrate layer 201, a second electrode layer 202 and a second friction layer 203; the first rotating disk is placed opposite the second rotating disk such that the first friction layer 103 and the second friction layer 203 are in contact with each other. An electrostatically induced power generation assembly comprising: the blade wheel is formed by a plurality of fixedly connected blades, the surface of each blade being parallel to a common axis of rotation 401, each blade comprising a substrate layer 301 of the blade and an electrode layer 302 of the blade. The electrode layers 302 of all the blades are connected to an equipotential (not shown); when the blades of the blade wheel are subjected to the impact force of the flowing liquid, the blade wheel rotates around the common rotating shaft 401, the blades are sequentially contacted with the liquid, and an electric signal is generated between the electrode layer 302 of each blade and the equipotential. Meanwhile, under the driving of the vane wheel, the first rotating disk can rotate relative to the second rotating disk by taking the common rotating shaft 401 as a shaft, so that when the first friction layer 103 and the second friction layer 203 slide and rub against each other and the contact area is changed, an electric signal is output between the first electrode layer 102 and the second electrode layer 202.

Preferably, the first and second turntables have the same size and shape, both turntables are composed of 4 blades, and the 4 blades are distributed axisymmetrically about the common rotation axis 401. The common axis of rotation 401 passes through the centers of the first turntable, the second turntable and the vane wheel.

In the hybrid generator of the present invention, the common rotating shaft 401 may be fixed to the second turntable of the friction generating assembly, particularly, to the substrate layer of the second turntable; the first turntable of the friction generating assembly is fixed with the vane wheel and rotates about a common rotation axis 401. The common rotation shaft 401 may also be fixed to a first turntable of the friction generating assembly, in particular to a base layer of the first turntable; the first turntable of the friction generating assembly is fixed with the vane wheel and rotates about a common rotation axis 401. The flowing liquid such as water flow acts on the blades to drive the blade wheel and the second rotating disc (or the first rotating disc) to rotate; the other turntable is fixed to the rotating shaft 401 and is stationary.

The electrode layer 302 of the blade wheel is electrically connected with an equipotential to form an electrical circuit, so as to form an electrostatic induction power generation assembly, wherein the equipotential related to the invention can be a ground potential or an equipotential source circuit. When the water flow with static charge impacts on the blade, current is generated under the action of static induction; when the water flow leaves the blades, a current flow in the opposite direction is generated. The relative rotation of the first rotating disk and the second rotating disk forms a horizontal rotation type friction generator. An electric circuit is formed between the electrode layer 102 of the first rotating disk and the electrode layer 202 of the second rotating disk, when the second rotating disk rotates relative to the first rotating disk, the friction layers (103 and 203) of the two rotating disks are respectively provided with friction charges with opposite polarities, and when positive friction charges and negative friction charges periodically approach and separate, an alternating potential and an alternating current are generated between the electrode layers (102 and 202) of the two rotating disks.

Preferably, the first friction layer and the second friction layer which are mutually in sliding friction have the same or complementary surface shape. So as to ensure that the maximum contact area can be generated in the mutual sliding friction process of the two friction layers. Preferably, the first rotating disc and the second rotating disc of the friction power generation assembly are both composed of a plurality of fan blades with the same shape, and the number of the fan blades of the two rotating discs is equal. More preferably, the plurality of blades of the first turntable and the plurality of blades of the second turntable are respectively distributed in a central symmetry manner by taking an intersection point of the common rotating shaft 401 and the turntable as a center, and refer to fig. 1 that the 4 blades of the first turntable or the second turntable are distributed in a central symmetry manner.

The friction generator assembly of the hybrid generator of the invention utilizes the principle that surface charge transfer occurs when friction layer materials with different friction electrode sequences are contacted. The term "rubbing electrode sequence" as used herein refers to a sequence of materials according to their degree of attraction to electric charges, in which positive charges are transferred from the surface of the material with the negative polarity to the surface of the material with the positive polarity at the contact surface at the moment of mutual contact. To date, there is no unified theory that fully explains the mechanism of charge transfer, which is generally believed to be related to the surface work function of the material, by the transfer of electrons or ions at the interface. It should be noted that the rubbing electrode sequence is only an empirical statistical result, i.e. the farther the two materials are apart in the sequence, the greater the probability that the positive and negative charges generated after contact will correspond to the sequence, and the actual result will be influenced by various factors, such as the surface roughness of the materials, the ambient humidity, and whether there is relative friction. The inventors have found that if the two materials are in closer proximity in the triboelectric series, the sign of the charge distribution after contact may not be consistent with the prediction of the series. It is further stated that the transfer of charge does not require relative friction between the two materials as long as there is mutual contact, and therefore, in a strict sense, the expression of a triboelectric series is not accurate, but has been used up to now for historical reasons.

The "triboelectric charge" or "contact charge" in the present invention refers to the electric charge carried on the surface of two materials with different polarity of the triboelectric electrode sequence after contact and separation, and it is generally considered that the electric charge is only distributed on the surface of the material, and the maximum depth of the distribution is about 10 nm. It has been found that the charge can be held for a long time, for several hours or even several days depending on the humidity in the environment and the like, and the amount of charge which has disappeared can be replenished by the contact again, and therefore, the inventors thought that the amount of charge of the contact charge can be approximately considered to be kept constant in the present invention. It should be noted that the sign of the contact charge is the sign of the net charge, that is, there may be a region where negative charges are accumulated in a local area on the surface of the material having positive contact charge, but the sign of the net charge on the whole surface is positive.

In the friction power generation assembly in the generator, the first friction layer 103 of the first rotating disk and the second friction layer 203 of the second rotating disk need to satisfy the following requirements: the surface material of the first friction layer 103 of the first rotating disk and the surface material of the second friction layer 203 of the second rotating disk have a difference in triboelectric order. Of course, the first friction layer of the first turntable and the second friction layer of the second turntable may be integrally formed as a single structure, as long as the difference in the friction electrode order between the materials of the surfaces that can be in contact with each other is satisfied.

As materials for preparing the friction layer 103 of the first turntable and the friction layer 203 of the second turntable, materials of insulators, such as conventional high molecular polymers, having triboelectric characteristics can be used, and some common high molecular polymer materials are listed here: polytetrafluoroethylene, polydimethylsiloxane, polyimide film, aniline formaldehyde resin film, polyoxymethylene film, ethylcellulose film, polyamide film, melamine formaldehyde film, polyethylene glycol succinate film, cellulose acetate film, polyethylene adipate film, polydiallyl phthalate film, regenerated fiber sponge film, polyurethane elastomer film, styrene-propylene copolymer film, styrene-butadiene copolymer film, rayon film, polymethyl film, methacrylate film, polyvinyl alcohol film, polyester film, polyisobutylene film, polyurethane flexible sponge film, polyethylene terephthalate film, polyvinyl butyral film, phenol resin film, chloroprene rubber film, butadiene-propylene copolymer film, natural rubber film, polyacrylonitrile film, polypropylene, Poly (vinylidene chloride-co-acrylonitrile) film or poly (ethylene propylene carbonate) film, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate or liquid crystal high molecular polymer, polychloroprene, polyacrylonitrile, poly (bisphenol carbonate), polychlorinated ether, polyvinylidene chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride.

Semiconductors and metals may also be used as raw materials for preparing the friction layer 103 of the first turntable or the friction layer 203 of the second turntable, instead of the insulator materials described above. Commonly used semiconductors include: silicon, germanium; group III and V compounds such as gallium arsenide, gallium phosphide, and the like; group II and VI compounds such as cadmium sulfide, zinc sulfide, etc.; and solid solutions composed of group iii-v compounds and group ii-vi compounds, such as gallium aluminum arsenic, gallium arsenic phosphorus, etc., so that the semiconductor materials listed below can be used as the material for the friction layer of the first turntable or the friction layer of the second turntable in the present invention: SnO₂、ZnO、TiO₂、In₂O₃ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, GaN, Se, CdS, CdSe, CdTe, Si, Ge, PbS, InGaAs, PbSe, InSb, PbTe, HgCdTe, PbSn, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, etc. In addition to the above-described crystalline semiconductor, an amorphous glass semiconductor, an organic semiconductor, and the like are available. Non-conductive oxides, semiconductor oxides and complex oxides also have triboelectric properties and can form surface charges during the triboelectric process and can therefore also be used as tribolayers according to the invention, for example oxides of manganese, chromium, iron, copper, including silicon oxide, manganese oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, zinc oxide, BiO₂And Y₂O₃(ii) a Common metals include gold, silver, platinum,Aluminum, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, or selenium, and alloys formed from the foregoing metals. Of course, other materials with conductive properties can also be used as a friction layer material that easily loses electrons, such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO).

For reasons of brevity and not intended to be exhaustive, only a few specific materials are listed herein as materials that may be used for the first friction layer of the first rotating disk and the second friction layer of the second rotating disk, but it is understood that these specific materials are not intended to be limiting factors in the scope of the present invention, since other similar materials may be readily selected by one skilled in the art based on the triboelectric properties of these materials within the teachings of the present invention.

Through experiments, it is found that when the difference between the electron gaining capacities of the surface of the first friction layer 103 and the surface material of the second friction layer 203 is larger (i.e. the position in the friction electrode sequence is farther), the electric signal output by the electrode layer of the friction power generation assembly is stronger. Therefore, the first friction layer 103 and the second friction layer 203 can be made of suitable materials according to actual needs, so as to obtain better output effect. The material with negative polarity friction electrode sequence is preferably polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, poly diphenyl propane carbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide, polyvinyl chloride, polydimethylsiloxane, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene and parylene, including parylene C, parylene N, parylene D, parylene HT or parylene AF 4; the material of the rubbing electrode member having the positive polarity is preferably aniline formaldehyde resin, polyoxymethylene, ethyl cellulose, polyamide nylon 11, polyamide nylon 66, wool and its fabric, silk and its fabric, paper, polyethylene glycol succinate, cellulose acetate, polyethylene glycol adipate, polydiallyl phthalate, regenerated cellulose sponge, cotton and its fabric, polyurethane elastomer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, wood, hard rubber, acetate, rayon, polymethylmethacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, copper, aluminum, gold, silver, and steel.

When the first friction layer 103 or the second friction layer 203 is made of a conductive material, the corresponding first electrode layer 102 or the second electrode layer 202 can be omitted, and the conductive friction layer material directly serves as the electrode layer, so that the structure of the generator can be further simplified.

In the generator of the present invention, the surface of the first friction layer 103 and/or the surface of the second friction layer 203 that can contact each other during rotation may be physically modified, so that part or all of the surface has microstructures or nano-material dots or coatings with micron or submicron scale, so as to enhance the contact area between the first friction layer 103 and the second friction layer 203. The microstructures may be selected from the group consisting of nanowires, nanotubes, nanoparticles, nano-grooves, micro-grooves, nano-cones, micro-cones, nano-spheres, and micro-spheres. Preferably, the surface of the first friction layer 103 and the surface of the second friction layer 203 comprise an array formed by one or more of the micro-structures and the nano-structures.

In addition, the surface of the first friction layer 103 and/or the surface of the second friction layer 203 may be chemically modified, so that the amount of charge transferred at the moment of contact can be further increased, and the contact charge density and the output of the generator can be increased. Chemical modification is divided into two types:

one method is that for a first friction layer and a second friction layer which rub with each other, functional groups which are easy to lose electrons (namely strong electron-donating groups) are introduced on the surface of a material with a relatively positive friction electrode sequence, or functional groups which are easy to obtain electrons (strong electron-withdrawing groups) are introduced on the surface of a material with a relatively negative friction electrode sequence, so that the transfer amount of charges when the charges are contacted with each other can be further improved, and the friction charge density and the output power of a generator are improved. Strong electron donors include: amino, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and the like; the strongly electron-withdrawing group includes: acyl, carboxyl, nitro, sulfonic acid, and the like. The functional group can be introduced by a conventional method such as plasma surface modification. For example, a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen may be used to generate plasma at a certain power to introduce amino groups on the surface of the friction layer material.

Another method is to introduce a positive charge to the surface of a material having a positive polarity and a negative charge to the surface of a material having a negative polarity, for the first frictional layer and the second frictional layer that are rubbed against each other. In particular, the bonding can be achieved by means of chemical bonding. For example, the polydimethylsiloxane PDMS friction layer may be modified with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) by a sol-gel process to make it negatively charged. Gold nanoparticles having cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) on the upper surface may be modified by gold-sulfur bonding on the metallic gold thin film layer, and the entire friction layer may be positively charged because cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is a cation. Those skilled in the art can select suitable modifying materials to bond with the friction layer or the electrode layer according to the electron gaining and losing properties and the surface chemical bond types of the materials of the friction layer or the electrode layer to achieve the purpose of the present invention, and therefore, such modifications are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Preferably, the first friction layer 103 and the second friction layer 203 are made of elastic material or flexible material, which can increase the contact area when external force is applied. Similarly, the electrode layer 102 of the first turntable, the electrode layer 202 of the second turntable, the substrate layer 101 of the first turntable or the substrate layer 201 of the second turntable may be made of an elastic material or a flexible material, so that the friction power generation assembly of the present invention becomes a flexible device.

Although the generator structure shown in the drawings has a planar surface on both surfaces of the first friction layer 103 and the second friction layer 203, the surface of the first friction layer 103 and the surface of the second friction layer 203 contacting each other during rotation may be a curved surface or an uneven surface, and preferably, the surface of the first friction layer 103 and the surface of the second friction layer 203 contacting each other during rotation have the same or complementary shape, so that the surface of the first friction layer 103 and the surface of the second friction layer 203 completely contact each other when an external force is applied.

Preferably, a hydrophobic layer 303 is also included on the blades of the blade wheel, the hydrophobic layer 302 adhering to the electrode layer 302 of the blade. The hydrophobic layer 303 of the blade needs to have a good superhydrophobicity, preferably the contact angle of the surface of the hydrophobic layer 302 is larger than 120 °. The superhydrophobicity is determined in two ways. One aspect is the material of the hydrophobic layer 303, a polymer with non-polar properties, such as: polytetrafluoroethylene, polydimethylsiloxane, generally has a higher contact angle. The other side is the surface structure of the hydrophobic layer 303, and the surface with the micro-nano cooperative structure has more excellent super-hydrophobicity, namely, a nano-scale structure is grown on a surface micro-scale structure. In practical applications, in order to obtain good superhydrophobicity, both the selection of materials and the micro-and nano-structures on the surface need to be considered.

The materials of the electrode layer 102 of the first turntable, the electrode layer 202 of the second turntable and the electrode layer 302 of the blade can be selected from commonly used electrode materials, such as metals, alloys, conductive oxides, organic conductors, and the like, wherein the metals are selected from gold, silver, platinum, aluminum, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, selenium, and the like; the alloy is selected from gold, silver, platinum, aluminum, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium or selenium, stainless steel, etc. The selection of a particular electrode material is not intended as a factor in limiting the scope of the present invention. In practice, the skilled person can determine the selection of the corresponding electrode layer material and the preparation method according to the selection of the materials of each friction layer and the hydrophobic layer, and the selection of the specific electrode layer material is not taken as a condition for limiting the protection scope of the present invention. The electrode layer, the friction layer and the hydrophobic layer can be directly overlapped together, and can also be combined in various modes such as conductive adhesive sticking and the like.

In the invention, the first substrate layer 101 of the first turntable, the second substrate layer 201 of the second turntable, the substrate layer 301 of the blade and the rotating shaft 401 mainly play a role in supporting, fixing and connecting the generator, so that no special requirement is required for the material selection, and the generator can be a conductor, an insulator or a semiconductor, such as an aluminum plate or a silicon wafer. Preferably, the insulating material is selected from glass, organic glass, polyethylene sheet or polyvinyl chloride. The first base layer of the first turntable and the second base layer of the second turntable may be flexible substrates or rigid substrates, such as rubber or glass plates. The fixing between the first electrode layer of the first turntable and the first substrate layer of the first turntable, between the second electrode layer of the second turntable and the second substrate layer of the second turntable, and between the electrode layer of the blade and the substrate layer of the blade can adopt the fixing mode of conventional sticking and the like.

The first friction layer of the first rotating disc or the second friction layer of the second rotating disc can be made of conductive materials, so that the first rotating disc and the second rotating disc can simultaneously play a role of an electrode layer and a friction layer, and the structure and the preparation process of the generator are simplified. Fig. 3 is a front view structural diagram of a second friction layer of a second rotating disk of the generator, which is made of a conductive material, and fig. 4 is a corresponding top view structural diagram. As shown, the second friction layer 212 of the second disk is directly attached to the second substrate layer 211; the second friction layer 212 of the second rotating disk is placed opposite and in close contact with the first friction layer 103 of the first rotating disk. The second friction layer 212 functions to generate friction charges by rubbing with the first friction layer 103 of the first rotating disk, and the second friction layer 212 is connected with the first electrode layer 102 to form an electrical circuit. The above description is about the structure of the generator in which the second friction layer of the second turntable is made of a conductive material and the first friction layer of the first turntable is made of a non-conductive material, and the structure of the generator in which the first friction layer of the first turntable is made of a conductive material and the second friction layer of the second turntable is made of a non-conductive material is similar, and will not be repeated here. In this embodiment, the material selection of the parts of the friction power generation assembly and the operation mode and principle of the power generation assembly are the same as those in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2 except that the first friction layer or the second friction layer needs to use a conductive material, and will not be repeated here.

In the above example, the number of blades in the bladed wheel is four, and the number of blades of the first and second disks is four. In practical applications, the number of the two may be greater than four, and the number of the two may be equal or different. The hybrid generator of the invention has the advantage that the output frequency is increased along with the increase of the number of blades of the impeller and the number of blades of the turntable under the same rotating speed. The specific amount can be determined according to actual needs, processing conditions and the like.

The fixation of the common rotation shaft 401 to the first turntable or the second turntable may be performed by means of gluing, screwing, or the like, and if the common rotation shaft 401 is in direct contact with an electrode layer of the turntable, the material of the common rotation shaft is selected from insulating materials. The blade wheel can be directly adhered to or fixed by other accessory fixing modes. The specific fixing mode is not a limiting factor of the generator of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can select a suitable fixing method according to the actual application conditions.

The operation of the hybrid generator according to the present invention will be described by taking the structure of the hybrid generator shown in fig. 3 as an example. Fig. 5 (a) - (d) are schematic diagrams illustrating the operation principle of the static electricity induction power generation assembly composed of the vane wheel. Before the water flow 501 contacts the blades, frictional charges are generated due to friction of the water with surrounding media (e.g., water pipes, air, etc.) during the flow, as shown in fig. 5 (a). The polarity of the triboelectric charge carried in the water is determined by the tribological sequence of the surrounding medium, which can be positive or negative. As shown in fig. 5 (a), it is assumed here that the frictional charge carried in the water flow is a positive charge. By adjusting the relative position of the water outlet and the generator, the water flow 501 can fall on the surface of the hydrophobic layer 303 of one blade, and a positively charged water film is formed on the surface of the hydrophobic layer 303 of the blade, which is marked as blade (r), as shown in fig. 5 (b). Under the induction of positive charges in the water film, a positive potential difference is generated between the electrode layer 302 of the blade (r) and the ground potential, and drive electrons flow between the electrode layer 302 of the blade (r) and the ground to generate a positive current until the potential difference becomes zero. Under the impact of the water flow 501, the blade wheel rotates, so that the water flow falls on the surface of the hydrophobic layer of another adjacent blade, and the adjacent blade is marked as a blade (c), as shown in fig. 5 (c). Similarly to the case shown in fig. 5 (b), a positively charged water film is formed on the surface of the hydrophobic layer 303 of the blade 02, so that a positive potential difference and a positive current are generated between the electrode layer 302 of the blade (ii) and the ground potential until the potential difference becomes zero, as shown in fig. 5 (c). Under the blockage of the blades (II), the water flow 501 can not continuously fall on the blades (I), so that under the combined action of the centrifugal force and the hydrophobicity of the super-hydrophobic layer on the surface of the blades (II), the positively charged water film on the surface of the hydrophobic layer 303 of the blades (I) is separated from the surface, as shown in (d) in fig. 5. As the water film is detached, a negative potential difference is formed between the electrode layer 302 of the blade (r) and the ground potential, and a negative current is generated until the potential difference becomes zero, as shown in fig. 5 (d). During the following rotation of the blade wheel, the water flow 501 will fall on the hydrophobic layers 303 of different blades in sequence and detach from the hydrophobic layer 303 of the previous blade, forming a periodic current of positive and negative alternation between the electrode layer 302 of the blade and the ground potential.

It can be seen from the power generation principle of the above static electricity induction power generation assembly that the power generation process is independent of the type of liquid generating impact force on the blade wheel, as long as the liquid contacting with the blade wheel has electrostatic charge, therefore, the generator of the present invention can be applied to the energy collection of various liquids, in addition to naturally flowing water, also can be applied to flowing liquids such as wastewater flowing in sewer pipes, oil flowing in oil pipelines, ocean current moving seawater in the sea, tidal moving waves, etc.

Fig. 6 (a) - (d) are schematic diagrams of the working principle of the rotating disc type friction power generation assembly consisting of two rotating discs. The second rotating disc and the vane wheel are fixed together and can rotate around a common rotating shaft under the impact of water flow, the first rotating disc and the second rotating disc are identical in shape, conductive materials are used as friction layers in the second rotating disc, the friction layers are enabled to simultaneously play the roles of a second friction layer and a second electrode layer, and the conductive second friction layer 211 is directly attached to the lower surface of the second electrode layer 211. An electrical circuit is formed between the electrode layer 102 of the first rotating disk and the second friction layer 212 of the second rotating disk. The impact of the water flow drives the impeller to rotate, and the impeller drives the second turntable to rotate, so that the first turntable and the second turntable rotate relatively. When the first friction layer 103 of the first rotating disk and the second friction layer 212 of the second rotating disk are in full contact, triboelectric charges of opposite polarity are generated at the surfaces of the two friction layers (103 and 212). The polarity of the triboelectric charge is determined by the triboelectric sequence of the two frictional layers, where it is assumed that the surface of the first frictional layer 103 has a negative triboelectric charge and the surface of the second frictional layer 212 has a positive triboelectric charge, as shown in fig. 6 (a). At this time, the frictional charges on the two frictional layers (103 and 212) are equal in number and overlap each other, and therefore, no potential difference is generated between the first electrode layer 102 and the second electrode layer 212 (i.e., the second frictional layer). As the two rotating disks are rotated relatively, the two rotating disks are partially separated, a positive potential difference is generated between the second electrode layer 212 and the first electrode layer 102, and drive electrons flow between the two electrode layers, so that a positive current is generated, as shown in fig. 6 (b). When the two rotating discs are completely separated (fig. 6 (c)), the net charge on the first and second rotating discs is approximately zero. As the two rotating disks continue to rotate relatively, the friction layers (103 and 212) of the two rotating disks are partially contacted, a negative potential difference is generated between the second electrode layer 212 and the first electrode layer 102, and electrons are driven to flow between the two electrode layers, so that a negative current is generated, as shown in (c) in fig. 6. When the friction layers (103 and 212) of the two rotating disks are again in full contact, the induced charges on the first electrode layer 102 are all transferred to the second electrode layer 212, as shown in fig. 6 (d). To this end, the rotating disc type friction power generation assembly completes one power generation cycle. And starting the next power generation period along with the continuous relative rotation of the two rotating discs, and continuously outputting positive and negative alternating periodic current.

The size of the generator is determined according to the size of mechanical kinetic energy such as water flow in practical application, and the larger the mechanical kinetic energy is, the larger the size of the generator is. In the present invention, the diameter of the rotating disk and the vane wheel is 10 to 1000mm, preferably 20 to 500mm, and more preferably 50 to 300 mm. The first base layer 101, the second base layer 201 and the base layer 301 of the blade mainly play a role in fixing and supporting, and have no special requirement on the thickness. The thickness of the hydrophobic layer 301 of the blade has no effect on the output characteristics of the generator. In practical use, the thickness of each substrate layer and the hydrophobic layer can be selected according to the size of the generator. Generally, the larger the generator, the greater the thickness of the base layer to provide more robust support. In the present invention, the thickness of each substrate layer is in the range of 0.1 to 10mm, preferably 0.2 to 5mm, more preferably 0.5 to 2 mm.

The first electrode layer 102, the second electrode layer 202 and the electrode layer 302 of the blade of the present invention mainly function as a conductive member, and the thickness thereof is not particularly required, and in the present invention, the thickness of each electrode layer is 10nm to 1mm, preferably 50nm to 50 μm, and more preferably 100nm to 10 μm.

The thicknesses of the friction layer 103 of the first rotating disk, the friction layer 203 of the second rotating disk and the hydrophobic layer 303 of the blades of the invention are not particularly required, and the friction layer and the hydrophobic layer are preferably thin films with the thicknesses of 10nm-5mm, preferably 10nm-1mm, and more preferably 100nm-500 μm.

The generator disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, simple in preparation method and free of special requirements on materials, can be applied to collection of ocean waves and water flow energy in life by simply fixing and packaging in actual use, and can also drive the blade wheel to drive the friction power generation assembly to generate power by using a large amount of mechanical energy generated by wind energy, machinery, human body movement and the like, so that the generator has wide actual application.

Correspondingly, the invention also provides a hybrid power generation method, which adopts the hybrid generator and comprises the following steps:

An electric loop is formed between an electrode layer of the blade wheel and the equipotential (ground potential) to form a static induction power generation assembly, and when water flow with static charges impacts on the blades, current is generated under the action of static induction; when the water flow leaves the blades, a current flow in the opposite direction is generated.

The relative rotation of the first rotating disc and the second rotating disc forms a horizontal rotation type friction power generation assembly. The impact of the water flow on the impeller drives the second rotating disc to rotate relative to the first rotating disc. The positive and negative friction charges carried on the friction layers of the two rotating disks periodically approach and separate, and alternating potential and alternating current are generated between the electrode layers of the two rotating disks.

The hybrid generator can collect the electrostatic energy and the mechanical kinetic energy of the water flow at the same time, and provides a way for comprehensively utilizing various forms of energy in the water flow.

If the blade wheel and the second turntable are driven to rotate by using other mechanical energy forms such as wind energy and the like, the turntable type friction power generation assembly in the hybrid generator can be driven to generate power, and the actual application range of the hybrid generator is expanded.

In all the above examples, the contact area between the two friction layers and the super-hydrophobic property of the hydrophobic layer can be improved by performing micro-scale and nano-scale structural processing and material modification on the surfaces of the friction layer and the hydrophobic layer. The following description will be made of a manufacturing process of the hybrid generator and a surface modification process of the friction layer and the hydrophobic layer, taking a practical example as an example.

First, the organic glass PMMA is processed into a desired shape and size by a laser cutting method as a base layer (101, 201 and 301) of the first and second rotating disks and the blade. The base layers (101 and 201) of the first and second rotating discs had a diameter of 10cm and a thickness of 2 mm. The base layer (301) of each blade was 8cm in length, 4cm in width and 2mm in thickness. Then, a Cu thin film with a thickness of 100nm is evaporated on the substrate layers (101, 201 and 301) by using a physical vapor deposition method to be used as electrode layers (102, 202 and 302) of the turntable and the blade. The Cu film of the second turntable is used as a friction layer of the second turntable and plays a role of the friction layer and the electrode layer at the same time. A micron-scale concave-convex structure is formed on an Al foil by using a sand grain polishing method, and then oxalic acid with the concentration of 0.3M is used for corrosion to form an Anodic Aluminum Oxide (AAO) template with nano-scale holes. Then, a Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) solution is poured onto the AAO template, and after the treatment processes such as vacuum treatment and high-temperature polymerization, the PTFE film having a micro-nano structure on the surface is peeled off from the AAO template by using a double-sided tape. Adhering the prepared PTFE film on the surface of an electrode layer (102) of a first rotating disk by using a double-sided adhesive tape to form a friction layer (103) of the first rotating disk; a PTFE film is adhered to the surface of an electrode layer (302) of the blade to form a hydrophobic layer (303) of the blade. A plurality of blades are fixedly connected to form a blade wheel, and a common rotating shaft 401 is used to pass through the centers of the blade wheel and the two rotating discs. The blade wheel and the second rotating disc are connected together through silica gel, and when water flow impacts on the blades, the blade wheel and the second rotating disc rotate around a common rotating shaft together. The first turntable is fixed on the common rotating shaft through bolts, and the first turntable is kept still when the vane wheel and the second turntable rotate. The electrode layer 302 of the blade is connected with the ground potential through a lead wire to form the static electricity induction generating assembly. The electrode layers (102 and 202) of the two turntables are connected through a lead wire to form a friction power generation assembly.

The structure and output characteristics of the waterwheel structure hybrid friction generator are shown below by taking the prepared generator device as an example. In the test, tap water flowing from a general-purpose faucet was used to drive the operation of the hybrid generator. Fig. 7 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) photograph and a contact angle test photograph of a PTFE film as the material of the hydrophobic layer (303) of the blade and the friction layer (103) of the first rotating disk. As shown in the figure, the average length and diameter of the nanorods on the surface of the PTFE film are 360nm and 45nm respectively, and the contact angle of a water drop on the surface of the PTFE film is 162 degrees, so that the good super-hydrophobic characteristic is shown. In FIG. 8, (a) and (b) are open circuit voltage curves with time for the static electricity induction power generation element and the friction power generation element, and the flow rate of the water flow at the time of the test is 54 ml/s. As shown in (a) and (b) of fig. 8, the open circuit voltages of the static electricity induction generating module and the friction generating module are 72V and 102V, respectively. In fig. 9, (a) and (b) are short-circuit current curves with time for the static electricity induction power generation module and the friction power generation module, and the flow rate of the water flow at the time of the test is 54 ml/s. As shown in (a) and (b) in fig. 9, the short-circuit currents of the static electricity induction generation assembly and the friction electricity generation assembly were 12.9 μ a and 3.8 μ a, respectively. The flow rate of water is changed, and the change of the open-circuit voltage and the short-circuit current of the generator along with the flow rate of water is tested. Fig. 10 (a) is a graph showing the open-circuit voltage and the short-circuit current of the static electricity induction generation module as a function of the flow rate of water. When the flow rate is increased from 7ml/s to 54ml/s, the open-circuit voltage is kept around 72V, and no obvious change is caused; the short circuit current increased from 4.3 mua to 12.9 mua. Fig. 10 (b) is a graph showing the open-circuit voltage and the short-circuit current of the friction power generation element as a function of the flow rate of water. When the flow rate is increased from 7ml/s to 54ml/s, the open-circuit voltage is kept at about 102V, and no obvious change is caused; the short circuit current increased from 0.3 mua to 3.8 mua.

The electric signal output by the power generation assembly of each implementation example of the invention is an alternating current pulse electric signal, and a full-bridge rectifier can be connected to the output end of the power generation assembly to rectify the output signal of the power generation assembly into a unidirectional pulse electric signal. The unidirectional pulse electrical signal output by the power generation assembly can be directly applied to the fields of electrochemistry and the like as a pulse power supply, and can also be used for charging an energy storage element, such as a capacitor or a lithium ion battery and the like, and the stored electrical energy can be used for providing power for portable small-sized electronic equipment, so that the unidirectional pulse electrical signal has wide application prospect. The electric signals of the static induction generating assembly and the friction generating assembly can be respectively rectified and then connected in parallel to serve as output signals of the generator, and output current of the generator can be provided.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present teachings, or modify equivalents thereof, without departing from the scope thereof, by applying the methods and techniques disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment example according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention, unless the technical essence of the present invention departs from the content of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hybrid generator, comprising:

a common axis of rotation;

a triboelectric power generation assembly comprising: the first turntable is formed by sequentially laminating a first substrate layer, a first electrode layer and a first friction layer; the second turntable is formed by sequentially laminating a second substrate layer, a second electrode layer and a second friction layer; the first rotating disc and the second rotating disc are oppositely arranged to enable the first friction layer and the second friction layer to be in contact with each other, and under the driving of the vane wheel, the first rotating disc can rotate relative to the second rotating disc by taking the common rotating shaft as a shaft, so that the first friction layer and the second friction layer are in sliding friction with each other, and when the contact area is changed, an electric signal is output between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer.

2. A hybrid generator according to claim 1, wherein the blades of the blade wheel further comprise a hydrophobic layer attached to an electrode layer of the blade.

3. A hybrid generator as set forth in claim 1 wherein the plurality of blades of the blade wheel are evenly distributed about the common axis of rotation.

4. A hybrid generator as set forth in claim 3 wherein said common rotational axis is fixed with said second rotating disc of said friction generating assembly, said first rotating disc of said friction generating assembly being fixed with said vane wheel and rotating about said common rotational axis;

or,

the common rotational shaft is fixed to a first turntable of the friction power generating assembly, and a second turntable of the friction power generating assembly is fixed to the vane wheel and rotates about the common rotational shaft.

5. The hybrid generator as recited in claim 1, wherein the first friction layer is shaped the same as or complementary to the surface of the second friction layer.

6. The hybrid generator as set forth in claim 5, wherein the first and second rotating discs of the friction generating assembly are each comprised of a plurality of blades of the same shape, and the number of blades of both rotating discs is equal.

7. The hybrid generator as claimed in claim 6, wherein the plurality of blades of the first turntable and the plurality of blades of the second turntable are respectively distributed in a central symmetry around an intersection point of the common rotating shaft and the turntable.

8. A hybrid generator according to claim 7, wherein the number of blades of the bladed wheel is equal to or not equal to the number of blades of the first rotating disk.

9. A hybrid generator according to claim 2, characterized in that the hydrophobic layer of the blade surface of the blade wheel consists of a thin film with superhydrophobic properties.

10. A hybrid generator according to claim 9, wherein the hydrophobic layer has a contact angle greater than 120 °.

11. A hybrid generator according to claim 10, wherein the hydrophobic layer is formed for growing nano-scale structures on surface micro-scale structures.

12. A hybrid generator according to claim 1, wherein the flowing liquid is electrostatically charged when in contact with the blades of the blade wheel, the electrostatic charge of the blades being generated by friction with the surrounding medium during the flow of the liquid.

13. A hybrid generator according to claim 12, wherein said flowing liquid is natural flowing water, waste water flowing in a sewer pipe, oil flowing in an oil pipeline.

14. A hybrid generator according to claim 13, wherein the naturally flowing water contains ocean current moving sea water in the sea or tidal moving waves.

15. A hybrid generator according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the first friction layer and the second friction layer are composed of different materials and there is a difference in triboelectric order between the two.

16. A hybrid generator according to claim 2, wherein the first friction layer, the second friction layer and/or the hydrophobic layer of the blade is an insulating material selected from one or more of the following: aniline formaldehyde resin, polyoxymethylene, ethyl cellulose, wool and its fabrics, silk and its fabrics, paper, cellulose acetate, regenerated cellulose sponge, cotton and its fabrics, polyurethane elastomer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, wood, hard rubber, acetate, rayon, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyisobutylene, polyvinyl butyral, butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers, neoprene, natural rubber, polyacrylonitrile, poly (vinylidene chloride-co-acrylonitrile), polychlorinated ether, polyvinylidene chloride, poly (2, 6-dimethylpolyphenylene oxide), polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide, polyvinyl chloride, polydimethylsiloxane, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, and parylene.

17. A hybrid generator according to claim 16, characterised in that the artificial fibres comprise polyamide nylon 11 and/or polyamide nylon 66.

18. A hybrid generator according to claim 16, wherein the polyurethane elastomer comprises a polyurethane elastic sponge.

19. A hybrid generator according to claim 16, wherein the polyester comprises one or more of the following materials: polyethylene glycol succinate, polyethylene glycol adipate, polydiallyl phthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene terephthalate, poly bisphenol a carbonate, poly diphenylpropane carbonate.

20. A hybrid generator according to any of claims 1-13, 16-19, wherein the first electrode layer, the second electrode layer and/or the electrode layer material of the bladed wheel is a metal, alloy, conductive oxide or organic conductor.

21. A hybrid generator according to any one of claims 1-13, 16-19, wherein all or part of the surfaces of the first friction layer and the second friction layer that can contact each other during rotation have a nano-or microstructure; the nanostructures and microstructures are selected from the group consisting of nanowires, nanorods, nanotubes, nanocones, nanoparticles, nanochannels, microwires, nanorods, microtubes, microcyramids, microparticles, and microchannels.

22. A hybrid generator according to any one of claims 1 to 13 and 16 to 19, wherein the surface of the first friction layer and/or the second friction layer is chemically modified, wherein a functional group which is more electron-losing is introduced on the surface of the material with the relatively positive friction electrode sequence, or a functional group which is more electron-gaining is introduced on the surface of the material with the relatively negative friction electrode sequence; or, positive charges are introduced on the surface of the material with positive polarity, and negative charges are introduced on the surface of the material with negative polarity.

23. A hybrid generator according to any one of claims 1-13, 16-19, wherein the equipotential is ground potential or an equipotential source circuit.

24. A hybrid generator according to any one of claims 1 to 13 and 16 to 19, wherein the electrical signals of the electrostatic induction generating assembly and the friction generating assembly are rectified and then connected in parallel.

25. A hybrid generator according to any one of claims 1-13, 16-19, wherein the diameter of the rotating discs and the bladed wheel is in the range 10-1000 mm;

and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

26. A hybrid generator according to any one of claims 2, 9-11, 16-19, wherein the hydrophobic layer has a thickness in the range 10nm-5 mm.

27. A method of generating electricity using the hybrid generator of any one of claims 1 to 24, comprising the steps of: