CN104777553B - 一种超低衰减单模光纤 - Google Patents

一种超低衰减单模光纤 Download PDF

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CN104777553B
CN104777553B CN201510206602.7A CN201510206602A CN104777553B CN 104777553 B CN104777553 B CN 104777553B CN 201510206602 A CN201510206602 A CN 201510206602A CN 104777553 B CN104777553 B CN 104777553B
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龙胜亚
朱继红
张磊
吴俊�
张睿
王瑞春
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Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Co Ltd
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    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种超低衰减单模光纤,包括有纤芯层和包层,其特征在于纤芯层半径r1为3.9~4.8μm,相对折射率差Δn1为‑0.08%~0.10%,纤芯层外从内向外依次包覆内包层,下陷内包层,辅助外包层和外包层,所述的内包层半径r2为9~14μm,相对折射率差Δn2为‑0.40%~‑0.15%;所述的下陷内包层r3为13~25μm,相对折射率差Δn3范围为‑0.7%~‑0.3%;所述的辅助外包层r4为30~50μm,相对折射率差Δn4范围为‑0.4%~‑0.15%;所述外包层为纯二氧化硅玻璃层。本发明降低光纤的衰减参数,使光纤具备超低衰减性能;本发明的截止波长、弯曲损耗、色散等综合性能参数在应用波段良好,且兼容G652标准;较宽的下陷包层结构,对光纤的弯曲损耗具有较好的改进作用。

Description

一种超低衰减单模光纤
技术领域
本发明涉及光纤传输领域,具体涉及一种具有超低衰减性能的单模光纤。
背景技术
随着IP网络数据业务的迅速增长,运营商对于传输容量的需求不断提高,现网中单纤容量已逐渐在逼近极限值100Tbps。100G传输***已开始进入商用元年。如何在100G传输信号的基础上进一步增加传输容量,是各***设备商和运营商关注的焦点。
100G***采用的PM-QPSK调制技术,相干检测技术以及DSP处理技术把***的OSNR容限降低到10G相同量级,降低了***对光纤的要求。研究表明,在100G***下普通G.652D光纤,低损和超低损光纤都能传输1000km以上距离;超低损可延长链路距离35-40%,某些线路中可以减少中继站,利于全光网络建设;在某些带有100km左右长距离光放段的***中,ULL光纤可有效减少跨段损耗。
400G传输***带来的OSNR受限、噪声及非线性等问题,对传输距离会产生限制,从目前主流设备厂家测试结果来看,采用双载波和16QAM调制技术的400G***的传输距离只有100G***的1/3左右,因此高速率***的建设需要综合考虑***容量和传输距离要求。从线路侧传输设备角度,可采用多载波光源,高阶调制、相干检测,高速DSP***和纠错技术等来推动商用高速光传输***发展,从链路的光纤技术来看,超低损耗光纤可以提升***OSNR并有效延长传输距离。
目前常规的G.652.D光纤的衰减一般在0.20dB/km,激光能量在经过长距离传输后逐渐减小,所以需要采用中继的形式对信号再次放大。而相对与光纤光缆的成本,中继站相关设备和维护成本在整个链路***的70%以上,所以如果涉及一种超低衰减光纤,就可以有效的延长传输距离,减少建设和维护成本。经过相关计算,如果将光纤的衰减从0.20dB/km降低到0.16dB/km,整个链路的建设成本将总体降低30%左右。综上所述,开发设计并制造一种超低衰减光纤成为光纤制造领域的一个重要课题。
文献CN201310394404提出一种超低衰减光纤的设计,其使用了纯二氧化硅的外包层设计,但因为其使用的是典型的阶跃剖面结构,没有使用下陷内包层设计优化光纤的弯曲,且其芯层没有使用Ge进行掺杂,所以可能造成预制棒制备时出现粘度失配,可以发现其衰减和弯曲水平,相对较差。
文献US2010022533提出了,为了得到更低的瑞利系数,其采用纯硅芯的设计,在芯层中没有进行锗和氟的共掺杂,并且其设计采用掺氟的二氧化硅作为外包层。对于这种纯硅芯的设计,其要求光纤内部必须进行复杂的粘度匹配,并要求在拉丝过程中采用极低的速度,避免高速拉丝造成光纤内部的缺陷引起的衰减增加,制造工艺十分复杂。
发明内容
以下为本发明中涉及的一些术语的定义和说明:
从光纤纤芯轴线开始算起,根据折射率的变化,定义为最靠近轴线的那层为纤芯层,光纤的最外层即纯二氧化硅层定义为光纤外包层。
光纤各层相对折射率差Δni由以下方程式定义,
其中ni为纤芯的折射率,而nc为外包层折射率,即纯二氧化硅的折射率。
光纤芯层Ge掺杂的折射率贡献量ΔGe由以下方程式定义,
其中nGe为假设纤芯的Ge掺杂物,在掺杂到没有其他掺杂物的纯二氧化硅中,引起二氧化硅玻璃折射率的变化量,而nc为最外包层折射率,即纯二氧化硅的折射率。
光缆截止波长λcc
IEC(国际电工委员会)标准60793-1-44中定义:光缆截止波长λcc是光信号在光纤中传播了22米之后不再作为单模信号进行传播的波长。在测试时需通过对光纤绕一个半径14cm的圈,两个半径4cm的圈来获取数据。
本发明所要解决的技术问题旨在提供一种超低衰减单模光纤,其不仅具有较低光纤制造成本,而且成缆截止波长小于1260nm,具有较好的弯曲损耗、色散性能,且兼容G652标准。
本发明为解决上述提出的问题所采用的技术方案为:包括有纤芯层和包层,其特征在于纤芯层半径r1为3.9~4.8μm,相对折射率差Δn1为-0.08%~0.10%,纤芯层外从内向外依次包覆内包层,下陷内包层,辅助外包层和外包层,所述的内包层半径r2为9~14μm,相对折射率差Δn2为-0.40%~-0.15%;所述的下陷内包层r3为13~25μm,相对折射率差Δn3范围为-0.7%~-0.3%;所述的辅助外包层r4为30~50μm,相对折射率差Δn4范围为-0.4%~-0.15%;所述外包层为纯二氧化硅玻璃层。
按上述方案,所述的纤芯层为锗氟共掺的二氧化硅玻璃层,或为只掺锗的二氧化硅玻璃层,其中锗掺杂的贡献量为0.02%~0.10%。
按上述方案,所述光纤在1310nm波长的模场直径为8.8~9.6μm。
按上述方案,所述光纤的成缆截止波长等于或小于1260nm。
按上述方案,所述光纤在波长1550nm处的色散等于或小于18ps/nm*km,所述光纤在波长1625nm处的色散等于或小于22ps/nm*km。
按上述方案,所述光纤在波长1310nm处的衰耗等于或小于0.324dB/km,优选条件下小于或等于0.304dB/km。
按上述方案,所述光纤在波长1550nm处的衰耗等于或小于0.184dB/km,优选条件下小于或等于0.174dB/km。
按上述方案,所述光纤在波长1700nm处的微弯损耗等于或小于5dB/km。
本发明的有益效果在于:1、采用掺有锗的芯层,合理的设计了光纤内部的粘度匹配,减少光纤制备过程中缺陷,降低光纤的衰减参数,使光纤具备超低衰减性能;2、本发明的截止波长、弯曲损耗、色散等综合性能参数在应用波段良好,足够小的的成缆截止波长,以保证该类光纤在C波段传输应用中光信号的单模状态,且兼容G652标准;较宽的下陷包层结构,对光纤的弯曲损耗具有较好的改进作用;3、最外层的外包层结构采用了纯二氧化硅的设计,降低了氟掺杂玻璃在光纤中比重,从而降低了光纤制造生产成本。
附图说明
图1本发明一个实施例的折射率剖面结构分布图。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明进行详细描述。
包括有纤芯层和包层,所述的纤芯层为锗氟共掺的二氧化硅玻璃层,或为掺锗的二氧化硅玻璃层,纤芯层外从内向外依次包覆内包层、下陷内包层、辅助外包层和外包层。所述外包层为纯二氧化硅玻璃层。外包层的半径为125μm。
表一所列为本发明优选的实施例的折射率剖面参数,其中ΔGe为芯层中Ge的掺杂折射率贡献量。表二为表一所述光纤所对应的光传输特性。
表一、本发明实施例的光纤剖面参数
序号 r1[um] Δn1[%] ΔGe r2[um] Δn2[%] r3[um] Δn3[%] r4[um] Δn4[%]
1 4.2 0.04 0.08 10 -0.30 13.5 -0.52 42 -0.35
2 4.1 0.02 0.02 11.5 -0.30 15.5 -0.4 48 -0.38
3 4.7 0 0.05 12.5 -0.32 15.5 -0.45 45 -0.4
4 4.5 0.03 0.05 11 -0.31 14.5 -0.6 38 -0.36
5 4.8 0.06 0.1 9 -0.24 14 -0.38 41 -0.28
6 4.7 0.05 0.08 13 -0.28 16 -0.55 40 -0.32
7 4 0 0.08 10 -0.33 12.8 -0.51 46 -0.4
8 4.2 -0.06 0.02 13 -0.35 16.5 -0.7 47 -0.57
9 4.8 -0.04 0.03 12 -0.30 13.7 -0.65 44 -0.5
10 3.9 -0.02 0.04 14 -0.30 16.5 -0.63 42 -0.3
表二、本发明实施例的光纤参数

Claims (6)

1.一种超低衰减单模光纤,包括有纤芯层和包层,其特征在于纤芯层半径r1为3.9~4.7μm,相对折射率差Δn1为-0.08%~0.10%,纤芯层外从内向外依次包覆内包层,下陷内包层,辅助外包层和外包层,所述的内包层半径r2为9~14μm,相对折射率差Δn2为-0.40%~-0.15%;所述的下陷内包层r3为13~25μm,相对折射率差Δn3范围为-0.7%~-0.3%;所述的辅助外包层r4为30~50μm,相对折射率差Δn4范围为-0.4%~-0.15%;所述外包层为纯二氧化硅玻璃层;所述光纤在1310nm波长的模场直径为8.8~9.6μm;所述光纤的成缆截止波长等于或小于1260nm。
2.按权利要求1所述的超低衰减单模光纤,其特征在于所述的纤芯层为锗氟共掺的二氧化硅玻璃层,或为只掺锗的二氧化硅玻璃层,其中锗掺杂的贡献量为0.02%~0.10%。
3.按权利要求1或2所述的超低衰减单模光纤,其特征在于所述光纤在波长1550nm处的色散等于或小于18ps/nm*km,所述光纤在波长1625nm处的色散等于或小于22ps/nm*km。
4.按权利要求1或2所述的超低衰减单模光纤,其特征在于所述光纤在波长1310nm处的衰耗等于或小于0.324dB/km。
5.按权利要求1或2所述的超低衰减单模光纤,其特征在于所述光纤在波长1550nm处的衰耗等于或小于0.184dB/km。
6.按权利要求1或2所述的超低衰减单模光纤,其特征在于所述光纤在波长1700nm处的微弯损耗等于或小于5dB/km。
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EP15890627.1A EP3290972B1 (en) 2015-04-28 2015-12-01 Ultralow attenuation single mode optical fiber
ES15890627T ES2965491T3 (es) 2015-04-28 2015-12-01 Fibra óptica unimodal con atenuación ultrabaja
PCT/CN2015/096109 WO2016173252A1 (zh) 2015-04-28 2015-12-01 一种超低衰减单模光纤
KR1020177023830A KR102106677B1 (ko) 2015-04-28 2015-12-01 초저감쇠 단일모드 광섬유
PL15890627.1T PL3290972T3 (pl) 2015-04-28 2015-12-01 Światłowód jednomodowy o ultraniskiej tłumienności
JP2017546604A JP6671389B2 (ja) 2015-04-28 2015-12-01 極低減衰の単一モード光ファイバ
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