CN104770243A - Vegetable cultivation system capable of utilizing cow dung fermentation heat - Google Patents
Vegetable cultivation system capable of utilizing cow dung fermentation heat Download PDFInfo
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- CN104770243A CN104770243A CN201510110068.XA CN201510110068A CN104770243A CN 104770243 A CN104770243 A CN 104770243A CN 201510110068 A CN201510110068 A CN 201510110068A CN 104770243 A CN104770243 A CN 104770243A
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- cow dung
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- vegetable growing
- cattle manure
- heat
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- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000000832 Ayote Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000009804 Cucurbita pepo subsp pepo Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000015136 pumpkin Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000241235 Citrullus lanatus Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000012828 Citrullus lanatus var citroides Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000009847 Cucumis melo var cantalupensis Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000219122 Cucurbita Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 240000001980 Cucurbita pepo Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000935985 Certhiidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004894 snout Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a vegetable cultivation system capable of utilizing cow dung fermentation heat. The vegetable cultivation system capable of utilizing cow dung fermentation heat comprises a main supporting frame, a cow dung layer, a seeding bed and a plastic film layer. The vegetable cultivation system is mainly applied to the cultivation of vine melons and fruits such as pumpkins, muskmelons and watermelons; heat which is produced in the process of the fermentation of piled cow dung acts on vegetable cultivation, while heat can be insulated in hot days in summer; nutrients can be provided for vegetables at the late stage of cow dung fermentation, moreover, after the vegetables and fruits are harvested, the fermented compost can be returned to a farmland in order to raise soil fertility, and thereby a circular cultivation pattern in which resource utilization is in coordination with environmental protection is established; the cultivation pattern is applicable to the semiarid climate and environment of the north, and can reduce initial investment such as facility construction. Moreover, daily management is simply the switching of an irrigation pump, management is convenient, and the other work of peasants and herdsmen is not affected.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of vegetable cultivation, particularly relate to a kind of vegetable growing system utilizing cattle manure heat.Mainly be applicable to the plantation of creepers melon and fruit, as pumpkin, muskmelon and watermelon etc.
Background technology
In recent years, in In The Semi-drought Region of Northern China due to the increase of feeding cost and the reduction of economic benefit, the going concern at the small-scale cowboying family such as Ecological Immigration village faces a crisis.In order to ensure the continuation of operation, part cowboying family utilizes cow dung to make farm nanure planting fodder maize by oneself, guarantees the self-sufficiency of feed.But open up wasteland earth's surface, heavy damage grassland vegetation and soil structure, cause wind erosion to strengthen, water resource is wasted in a large number; In region, grassland ecological environment goes from bad to worse.In addition, Semiarid Area of North strong wind, short of rain, arid zone of constant temperature continental climate feature cause planting cost and labor cost obviously to increase.So, by the high added value crop varieties that plantation unit are rentability is higher, and adopt simple effort-saving cultivation method, set up green vegetables production system, thus improve cowboying family management state and then raising economic income of herdsmen on a small scale.From agricultural sector structure adjustment behave angle, set up the development that green vegetables production system also meets the ecological agriculture, pollution-free industry.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is that the small-scale cowboying family of solution northern China semiarid zone faces the problem of guarantee going concern difficulty and provides the vegetable growing system utilizing cattle manure heat that a kind of structure is simple, easy to install, economic benefit is higher.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes for the technical problem existed in solution known technology is:
The vegetable growing system utilizing cattle manure heat of the embodiment of the present invention, this utilizes the vegetable growing system of cattle manure heat to comprise: main body rack, cow dung layer, seed bed, plastic membranous layer;
Main body rack is arranged on the centre (comprising vertical tube and transverse tube) of vegetable growing system, and cow dung layer is arranged on the right side of main body rack, and seed bed is arranged on the left side of main body rack, and plastic membranous layer is arranged on the most external of vegetable growing system;
Main body rack also comprises: reduced pipe, first curved logical, the first threeway, second curved logical, the second threeway, the 3rd threeway, the 3rd curved logical, pvc vertical tube, pvc transverse tube; Reduced pipe curvedly logical to link together with the first vertical tube by first, and vertical tube curvedly logically to be linked together with transverse tube by second curved logical, the second threeway, the 3rd threeway and the 3rd.
Further, water main and reduced pipe link together.
Further, the first vertical tube is provided with water control valve.
Further, main body rack adopts diameter 25mm pvc pipe.
Further, transverse tube is drilled with diameter 1.5mm aperture, aperture pitch 10cm.
Further, cow dung layer and seed bed and main body rack triangularity.
Further, three-way interface and pvc pipe adopt sealant sealing.
Further, plastic membranous layer half parcel cow dung layer.
The advantage that the present invention has and good effect are: the heat that the cow dung that in the present invention, windward side is piled up produces during the fermentation acts on vegetable growing, and can play heat insulation effect when summer is hot; Plastic greenhouse film can reduce evaporation, water saving; The cattle manure later stage can be vegetables and provides nutrient, and the compost also field culture fertility that can will ferment after vegetables fruit harvest, is to set up the circulating cultivation pattern that the utilization of resources coordinates mutually with environmental protection; This cropping pattern is applicable to northern semi-arid climate environment, can reduce the initial stages such as Facilities Construction and drop into.Meanwhile, it is only switch irrigation pump that daily management is also simply arrived, and is convenient to management, does not affect other work at agriculture (herding) family.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the vegetable growing system architecture schematic diagram utilizing cattle manure heat that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 2 be the pvc pipe holder that provides of the embodiment of the present invention build schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the exploded view that cultivation system that the embodiment of the present invention provides is built;
In figure: 1, main body rack; 1-1, reduced pipe; 1-2, first curved logical; 1-3, the first threeway; 1-4, second curved logical; 1-5, the second threeway; 1-6, the 3rd threeway; 1-7, the 3rd curved logical; 1-8, pvc vertical tube; 1-9, pvc transverse tube; 1-10, water main; 1-11, aperture; 1-12, fluid sealant; 2, cow dung layer; 3, seed bed; 4, plastic membranous layer; 4-1, plastic foil A; 4-2, plastic foil B; 5, valve; 6, pipe A; 7, pipe B; 7-1, dropper band; 8, soil layer;
Fig. 4 is the effect schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, application principle of the present invention is further described.
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Xilinguole League Sunite Right Banner has typical northern semi-arid climate feature, and as drought, light resources is abundant, shortage of water resources, day and night temperature are comparatively large, dust storm is larger.With the cow dung of local Ecological Immigration village raiser for fertilizer material, selection is of high nutritive value, easy cultivation management, drought resisting cold resistance are strong and easily storage is transported vegetable variety Mininangua (shellfish shellfish pumpkin) is cultivation carrier, with cultivation mode plantation of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1,2 and 3, the vegetable growing system body support 1, cow dung layer 2, seed bed 3, the plastic membranous layer 4 that utilize cattle manure heat of the embodiment of the present invention;
Main body rack 1 is arranged on the centre (comprising vertical tube and transverse tube) of vegetable growing system, and cow dung layer 2 is arranged on the right side of main body rack, and seed bed 3 is arranged on the left side of main body rack, and plastic membranous layer 4 is arranged on the most external of vegetable growing system;
Main body rack 1 also comprises: reduced pipe 1-1, the first curved logical 1-2, the first threeway 1-3, the second curved logical 1-4, the second threeway 1-5, the 3rd threeway 1-6, the 3rd curved logical 1-7, pvc vertical tube 1-8 and pvc transverse tube 1-9, water main 1-10, aperture 1-11, fluid sealant 1-12, valve 5;
Reduced pipe curvedly logical to link together with the first vertical tube by first, and vertical tube curvedly logically to be linked together with transverse tube by second curved logical, the second threeway, the 3rd threeway and the 3rd.
After main body rack (pvc pipe) is set up, according to completing plastic foil A (in Fig. 3 4-1) shown in figure, then in support both sides, cow dung and ridging being piled up respectively, forming sowing part and fermentation heat generating parts.Add cow dung of fermenting slightly in seed bed soil as former fertilizer, and pvc pipe fitting (diameter is about 110mm) is inserted soil species, Mininangua planting seed is in pvc pipe fitting, and 1.5cm is dark.Sow rear plastic foil B (in Fig. 3 4-2) cover-seeding bed and cow dung heap makes it be incubated, and pipe A and pipe B is opened added water, promote cattle manure.Observe temperature and moisture, the temperature in seed bed in soil more than 30 degree or the temperature in cow dung more than 60 degree then add water for cooling.Germination in about 10 days after Mininangua planting seed, observe temperature Change, seed bed partly plastic film can be raised and be fixed on support by proper temperature.According to pumpkin growing way, open pipe B when needing and add a little water, be convenient to topdress.After planting about 110 days, within after pollination 30-40 days, to harvest time, base of fruit flavescence exsiccation can be gathered in the crops.
This utilizes the vegetable growing system of cattle manure heat to comprise 3 parts: 1. pvc manages the main body rack that (diameter 25mm) builds.Vertical tube height is about 80cm, adjacent vertical tube interval 50cm; Transverse tube length no longer than 20m, and should bore aperture (in diameter 1.5mm, Fig. 2 1-11) on pipe, and aperture pitch 10cm, is connected to water main, is mainly used in supporting implant system simultaneously for irrigating.Length should according to the corresponding adjustment of cultivated area.2. cattle manure hot systems.Windward side adds a small amount of stalk with fresh cow dung and is piled into right triangular shape (length is about 120cm), covers with canopy film.Be mainly plant germination and growth and heat is provided, and the later stage is used for topdressing.3. part is cultivated.Lee face mound builds right angled triangle seed bed (length is about 55cm), and to be seeded in pvc pipe fitting (diameter be about in 110mm, figure 3), can play insect protected (desert snout moth's larva etc.) thermal effect.Because hydraulic pressure reason irrigation punching pvc length of tube must not more than 20m; First vertical tube is equipped with Hydraulic-control valves, and exerts oneself according to water pump and cultivation system scale decision water main diameter (in Fig. 2 1-10); Fluid sealant (in Fig. 2 1-12) sealing is applied between three-way interface and pvc pipe.
Canopy film partly wraps up cow dung, can wind-proof warming water conservation, promotes cattle manure heat production.Establish valve control water respectively for the hard tube that supports and irrigate and flexible pipe (dropper band) point two parts (pipe A and pipe B, figure in 6,7).Pvc pipe A is used for irrigating, and uses frequent; Irrigate band B is used for topdressing.Before germinateing, seed bed plastic foil B (in Fig. 3 4-2) is covered, for warming and windproof, can be raised after germination.
The heat that the cow dung that in the present invention, windward side is piled up produces during the fermentation acts on vegetable growing, and can play heat insulation effect when summer is hot; The cattle manure later stage can be vegetables and provides nutrient, and the compost also field culture fertility that can will ferment after vegetables fruit harvest, is to set up the circulating cultivation pattern that the utilization of resources coordinates mutually with environmental protection.
At 500m
2area experimental field in by directly sowing Mininangua (shellfish shellfish pumpkin) 170 strains, finally gathered in the crops the pumpkin (9/strain, 649g/) of 993kg.
Cultivation mode fermentation fever successful of the present invention, cow dung stack temperature remains higher level; And seed bed ground temperature also meets needed for melon growth simultaneously, that is, during melon germination, preference temperature is 25-30 DEG C, is stabilized in 15-25 DEG C after germination, as shown in Figure 4;
The Mininangua produced for 2012,2013 is by entrusting Beijing organic farm products producing and selling enterprise to consumer's Free distribution and consulting on.The consumer of 65.8% is had to illustrate the purchase intention of 2.62 dollars/more than kg.According to the producing and selling cost in this purchase intention and table 1, cowboying family on a small scale can be calculated and, by introducing organic vegetable plantation, additional income can reach 167.42 dollars/100m
2.The production and selling cost of Mininangua is in table 1;
The production and selling cost of table 1 Mininangua
| Cost subject | Dollar/100m 2 | Ratio (%) |
| Fee of material | 106.2 | 30.1 |
| Consumptive material instrument | 79.0 | 22.4 |
| Sowing expense | 27.2 | 7.7 |
| Fertilizer cost | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Agricultural chemicals expense is used | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Fuels and energy is taken | 7.7 | 2.2 |
| Rental charge | 16.3 | 4.6 |
| Equipment leasing takes | 6.2 | 1.7 |
| Land lease expense | 10.1 | 2.9 |
| Employment cost | 34.4 | 9.7 |
| Traffic expense | 84.2 | 23.9 |
| Sell attorney's fee | 104.1 | 29.5 |
| Add up to | 352.9 | 100.0 |
* selling attorney's fee is calculate according to the expense paid to Beijing organic farm products production and sales company.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. utilize a vegetable growing system for cattle manure heat, it is characterized in that, this utilizes the vegetable growing system of cattle manure heat to comprise: main body rack, cow dung layer, seed bed, plastic membranous layer;
Main body rack is arranged on the centre of vegetable growing system, comprises vertical tube and transverse tube, and cow dung layer is arranged on the right side of main body rack, and seed bed is arranged on the left side of main body rack, and plastic membranous layer is arranged on the most external of vegetable growing system;
Main body rack also comprises: reduced pipe, first curved logical, the first threeway, second curved logical, the second threeway, the 3rd threeway, the 3rd curved logical, pvc vertical tube, pvc transverse tube; Reduced pipe curvedly logical to link together with the first vertical tube by first, and vertical tube curvedly logically to be linked together with transverse tube by second curved logical, the second threeway, the 3rd threeway and the 3rd.
2. utilize the vegetable growing system of cattle manure heat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, main body rack adopts diameter 25mm, for supporting the pvc pipe of implant system.
3. utilize the vegetable growing system of cattle manure heat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, transverse tube is drilled with diameter 1.5mm aperture, aperture pitch 10cm, for irrigating.
4. utilize the vegetable growing system of cattle manure heat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, parallelly with support vertical tube be provided with vertical tube, be connected with dropper band.
5. utilize the vegetable growing system of cattle manure heat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, water main, by linking with main body rack reduced pipe and the first curved leading to, provides irrigation water.
6. the vegetable growing system utilizing cattle manure heat as described in claim 3,4 and 5 any one, is characterized in that, establishes valve control water respectively for the pvc transverse tube with holes that supports and irrigate and dropper band.
7. utilize the vegetable growing system of cattle manure heat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, three-way interface and pvc pipe adopt sealant sealing.
8. utilize the vegetable growing system of cattle manure heat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, cow dung layer and seed bed and main body rack triangularity.
9. utilize the vegetable growing system of cattle manure heat as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, in triangle seed bed, the pvc pipe fitting of diameter 110mm is planting tank.
10. utilize the vegetable growing system of cattle manure heat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, plastic membranous layer half parcel cow dung layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510110068.XA CN104770243B (en) | 2015-03-13 | 2015-03-13 | A kind of vegetable growing system of utilization cattle manure heat |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510110068.XA CN104770243B (en) | 2015-03-13 | 2015-03-13 | A kind of vegetable growing system of utilization cattle manure heat |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104770243A true CN104770243A (en) | 2015-07-15 |
| CN104770243B CN104770243B (en) | 2017-07-14 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108718822A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-11-02 | 中山市和智电子科技有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse kept the temperature using compost |
| CN108770546A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-11-09 | 中山市和智电子科技有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse using compost heat supply |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108770546A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-11-09 | 中山市和智电子科技有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse using compost heat supply |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104770243B (en) | 2017-07-14 |
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