CN104761059A - Method for reducing heavy metals in river-going overland runoff by aquatic plant matched growth - Google Patents

Method for reducing heavy metals in river-going overland runoff by aquatic plant matched growth Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104761059A
CN104761059A CN201510166817.0A CN201510166817A CN104761059A CN 104761059 A CN104761059 A CN 104761059A CN 201510166817 A CN201510166817 A CN 201510166817A CN 104761059 A CN104761059 A CN 104761059A
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river
growth
plants
water
plant
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CN104761059B (en
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董颖博
林海
陈思
王亮
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/40—Protecting water resources
    • Y02A20/402—River restoration
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method for reducing heavy metals in river-going overland runoff by aquatic plant matched growth, belonging to the technical field of heavy-metal-polluted river course restoration. According to the method, emerging plants calamus and reed, submerged plants Potamogeton pusillus, hydrilla, curly pondweed and watermilfoil, and floating plant common waaterrthacinth are grown from the riverbank to the river center. The growth density of the emerging plants is 10-20 plants/m<2>, and the growth proportion of the calamus and reed is 1:(1-3); the growth density of the submerged plants is 30-50 clumps/m<2>, and the growth proportion of the Potamogeton pusillus, hydrilla, curly pondweed and watermilfoil is 1:(1-2):(3-5):(1-2); and the growth density of the floating plant common waaterrthacinth is 10-20 plants/m<2>. The plant growth process is utilized to absorb and enrich heavy metal ions in water, thereby achieving the goal of restoring the river-going multi-heavy-metal combined pollution river course. The method has the advantages of small secondary pollution, simple restoration process, low cost and the like, and can maintain the balance of the ecological system in water. The method for treating the polluted river course has environmental value, ecological value and ornamental value.

Description

The method of heavy metal in the rainwash of river is cut down in waterplant collocation plantation
Technical field
The present invention relates to recovery technique field, heavy metal contamination river course, refer to that the method for heavy metal in the rainwash of river is cut down in a kind of waterplant collocation plantation especially.
Background technology
Along with high-tech area is fast-developing, the demand of vanadium is growing, and the harm brought to environment also becomes increasingly conspicuous.All can contain certain density high price vanadium in factory effluent and waste residue in the technique of current extraction vanadium, directly enter water body and severe contamination is caused to surrounding aqueous environment, and harm is produced to animals and plants, HUMAN HEALTH.
China's heavy metal pollution of water body problem is very outstanding, and water pollutant emission source mainly concentrates on big or middle city and the flourishing area of industry.The increasing of the industries such as non-ferrous metal selecting and purchasing, smelting industry, lead storage battery and ickel-cadmium cell production, leather and leather products industry, electroplating industry, chemical feedstocks and chemical product manufacturing causes producing in a large number containing heavy metal containing sewage, after sewage enters river or lake, heavy metal in water content is obviously raised.Heavy metal, owing to being degraded, by directly drinking water, eats by approach such as the grain of sewage irrigation, vegetables, and heavy metal is easy to enter accumulation in human body, has a strong impact on HUMAN HEALTH.
Current much grain, Vegetable produce field are by industrial triwaste pollution, and a large amount of enrichments of heavy metal such as the cadmium in arable layer, copper, cause the heavy metal content in grain, vegetable products to exceed standard, cause human consumer's heavy metal chronic poisoning phenomenon to occur.Mostly the method utilizing physical adsorption is to the technical measures of water remediation both at home and abroad, utilizes the heavy metal ion in the stationary installation removal water body that adsorbate is housed.But in huge the source in the face of flowing, the complicated ecosystem, physical method just exposes its limitation.Utilizing the method for root system of plant absorption, transfer, enrichment, is current study hotspot.
Just having as far back as early in the twentieth century uses single plant in treating water eutrophication to pollute, and whether the repair ability of the composite plant system heavy metal water body of plant is better than single cropping system, is still carrying out more deep research.The collocation cropping pattern of composite plant plantation has material impact for pollutent repairing effect.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the method that heavy metal in the rainwash of river is cut down in a kind of waterplant collocation plantation.
By utilizing the vertical ecosystem that very water, heavy water, floating plant are arranged to repair heavy metal-polluted water, V, Cr, As, Cd, Pb, Hg content is significantly reduced.Implementation method is littoral to river central authorities plantation emergent calamus, reed, and submerged plant Potamogeton pusillus L, black algae, water caltrop, watermifoil, floating plant Herba Eichhorniae, forms the vertical ecosystem.Wherein emergent calamus and reed planting density are 10 ~ 20 strains/m 2, planting proportion is 1:1 ~ 3; The planting density of submerged plant Potamogeton pusillus L, black algae, water caltrop, watermifoil is 30 ~ 50 clumps/m 2, planting proportion is 1:1 ~ 2:3 ~ 5:1 ~ 2; The planting density of floating plant Herba Eichhorniae is 10 ~ 20 strains/m 2.
Various aquatic plants growth condition and feature as follows:
(1) emergent: reed, calamus have that deep water is cold-resistant, drought resisting, high temperature resistance, resistant to lodging, surviving rate is high, can reach the advantages such as short-term is shaping; Be the sociales plant of land inland water ecotone and there is purifying water quality.
(2) submerged plant: Potamogeton pusillus L, watermifoil, black algae, the perennial heavy pasture and water of water caltrop originally, can grow from poor nutrition in eutrophic Different Waters, have wider tolerance range to aquation situation.
(3) floating plant: Herba Eichhorniae is the good plant of beautifying the environment, purifying water; Stronger inrichment is had to multiple Elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, wherein particularly outstanding to the inrichment of macroelement potassium.
The beneficial effect of technique scheme of the present invention is as follows:
In such scheme, calamus, reed have the function of enriching heavy metal Pb, Cd, and adaptation water level ability by force also can fast in groups; Potamogeton pusillus L, black algae, water caltrop, watermifoil fecundity are strong, and wherein water caltrop can survive the winter existence, and these submerged plants can effectively cut down heavy metal As, Cd, Pb, Hg; And Herba Eichhorniae heavy metal Cr, Cd removal effect are good and can purify water, beautify the environment.This vertical ecosystem provides habitat condition, accretion species diversity for hydrocoles simultaneously, and effectively can control body eutrophication.This ecological restoring method have be easy to safeguard, to advantages such as secondary environmental pollution are little, there is higher aesthetic value, the ecological value and environmental economic value.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Simulate static shallow water and build test platform, length and width are of a size of 3 × 2 (m), and the bed mud degree of depth is 0.5m, depth of water 0.7m.Emergent planting density is 16 strains/m 2, the planting proportion of calamus and reed is 1:2; The planting density of submerged plant is 48 clumps/m 2, the planting proportion of Potamogeton pusillus L, black algae, water caltrop, watermifoil is 1:2:3:1; The planting density of Herba Eichhorniae is 15 strains/m 2.Cultivate selected waterplant, treat that its maturation is transplanted to experiment porch.
With heavy metal Cr, As, Cd, Pb, Hg, V for subjects, preparation heavy metal mixed solution A, B.A, B solution containing each metal concentration are:
Until cultivation after 50 days, use each metal concentration in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry water, the heavy metal content of A, B solution is as follows:
Namely the reduction rate of this vertical ecosystem to six heavy metal species is as follows:
Embodiment 2
Choose certain bone coal navajoite sewage draining exit and this 20 meters, upstream junction basin, section as implementing ground, plant emergent calamus, reed at shore bank, planting proportion is 1:1; River surface plants Herba Eichhorniae, and use biological floating bed fixing, plantation spacing is 45cm; River bed kind planting submerged plant Potamogeton pusillus L, black algae, water caltrop, watermifoil, planting proportion is 1:1:4:2; Planting density is 35 clumps/m 2.Get former water water sample GFAAS measuring amount heavy metal Cr, As, Cd, Pb, Hg, V content, test after two months, then water sampling records heavy metal content in the rear water of process.Result is as follows:
Heavy metal As(μg/L) Cd(μg/L) Cr(μg/L) Pb(μg/L) V(μg/L) Hg(μg/L)
Before process 7.9 17.8 1.7 3.7 18.6 8.3
After process 5.4 9.5 ND ND 14.3 6.2
Reduction rate 31.9％ 46.7％ — — 23.1％ 25.6％
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from principle of the present invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. the method for cutting down heavy metal in the rainwash of river is planted in a waterplant collocation, it is characterized in that: in bank shallow water area plantation emergent calamus and reed, middle part plantation floating plant Herba Eichhorniae, centre, korneforos kind of planting submerged plant Potamogeton pusillus L, black algae, water caltrop and watermifoil; Emergent planting density is 10 ~ 20 strains/m 2, the planting density of submerged plant is 30 ~ 50 clumps/m 2, the planting density of floating plant is 10 ~ 20 strains/m 2; The planting proportion of described calamus and reed is 1:1 ~ 3, and the planting proportion of described Potamogeton pusillus L, black algae, water caltrop and watermifoil is 1:1 ~ 2:3 ~ 5:1 ~ 2.
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Cited By (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107129121A (en) * 2017-06-23 2017-09-05 杭州西湖风景名胜区（杭州市园林***）灵隐管理处（杭州花圃） A kind of method that heavy metal Cd in bottom mud in lake was fixed and stablized to utilization yellow flag
CN107695087A (en) * 2017-10-19 2018-02-16 福州清河源环保科技有限公司 A kind of method of restoration of the ecosystem heavy-metal contaminated soil
CN108383243A (en) * 2018-04-03 2018-08-10 中国科学院武汉植物园 A method of being enriched with eutrophication water heavy metal using the configuration of submerged plant
CN112970777A (en) * 2021-02-19 2021-06-18 辽宁大学 Method for strengthening copper pollution resistance of reed by using gas molecule NO
CN113387443A (en) * 2021-06-07 2021-09-14 安徽理工大学 Remediation method for purifying heavy metal polluted water body based on aquatic plants
CN114230014A (en) * 2021-12-21 2022-03-25 杭州植物园(杭州西湖园林科学研究院) Method for purifying heavy metal pollution in lake

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107129121A (en) * 2017-06-23 2017-09-05 杭州西湖风景名胜区（杭州市园林***）灵隐管理处（杭州花圃） A kind of method that heavy metal Cd in bottom mud in lake was fixed and stablized to utilization yellow flag
CN107129121B (en) * 2017-06-23 2020-09-11 杭州西湖风景名胜区灵隐管理处 Method for fixing and stabilizing heavy metal Cd in lake sediment by using calamus flavus
CN107695087A (en) * 2017-10-19 2018-02-16 福州清河源环保科技有限公司 A kind of method of restoration of the ecosystem heavy-metal contaminated soil
CN108383243A (en) * 2018-04-03 2018-08-10 中国科学院武汉植物园 A method of being enriched with eutrophication water heavy metal using the configuration of submerged plant
CN108383243B (en) * 2018-04-03 2021-06-29 中国科学院武汉植物园 Method for enriching heavy metals in eutrophic water by utilizing configuration of submerged plants
CN112970777A (en) * 2021-02-19 2021-06-18 辽宁大学 Method for strengthening copper pollution resistance of reed by using gas molecule NO
CN113387443A (en) * 2021-06-07 2021-09-14 安徽理工大学 Remediation method for purifying heavy metal polluted water body based on aquatic plants
CN114230014A (en) * 2021-12-21 2022-03-25 杭州植物园(杭州西湖园林科学研究院) Method for purifying heavy metal pollution in lake

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