CN104760682A - Smart skin driving device based on shape memory effect - Google Patents
Smart skin driving device based on shape memory effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN104760682A CN104760682A CN201510077715.1A CN201510077715A CN104760682A CN 104760682 A CN104760682 A CN 104760682A CN 201510077715 A CN201510077715 A CN 201510077715A CN 104760682 A CN104760682 A CN 104760682A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a smart skin driving device based on shape memory effect, and belongs to the field of aviation and spaceflight. The smart skin driving device comprises a base, insulation pulleys, insulation sliding blocks and SMA (shape memory alloy) wires, the number of the insulation pulleys is at least 2, and is even integer, the insulation pulleys are arranged on one side of the base at intervals, the number of the insulation sliding blocks is corresponding to the number of the insulation pulleys, the insulation sliding blocks are arranged on the base in parallel, each insulation sliding block is connected with two SMA wires, one ends of the SMA wires are fixed on the other side of the base, corresponding to the position of the insulation pulleys, wherein the other end of any SMA wire is directly connected with the insulation sliding block, and the other end of the other SMA wire passes by the insulation pulleys to be connected with the insulation sliding block. The driving device is simple and compact in structure, capable of dual-thread driving, and can provide a stable and reliable driving force for the smart skin structure, the shape memory alloy wire material as a drive element is simple in driving conditions, safe, fast in driving response, large in driving force, small in energy consumption, energy-saving and environmentally-friendly, and free of noise and pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of smart skins actuating device, be specifically a kind of smart skins actuating device of Shape-based interpolation memory effect, belong to aerospace field.
Background technology
Morphing aircraft, as the polymorphic aircraft of one, has the good airworthiness of large spatial domain scope, obtains the unexistent characteristic of traditional Fixed Wing AirVehicle, becomes the basis of aerospace flight vehicle breakthrough development of new generation.Morphing, as the important component part of morphing aircraft, realizes the optimization of aeroperformance by the change of aerofoil profile in flight course, thus reaches the object improving airworthiness and multitask execution efficiency.From the nineties in last century, many countries comprise the U.S., Canada, Italy, France, Korea S etc. and have all carried out a large amount of inputs and research in this field in the world.The BJ University of Aeronautics & Astronautics of China, Harbin Institute of Technology, Nanjing Aero-Space University have also carried out positive exploration and have achieved certain achievement in research.The flexible structure covering of small deformation, single degree of freedom change is mainly used in the change of airfoil cross-section or the bending of trailing edge, as, the resin matrix composite that Quebec, CAN university adopts carbon fiber/Kevlar to strengthen make flexible covering, by the research to its bending property, obtain the deformation effect of aerofoil section.University of Bristol of Britain have studied the stable shapes of multistable asymmetric compound material covering under different equilibrium conditions, by realizing the change from a stable state to another stable state to Temperature Excitation.The flexible structure covering that Nanjing Aero-Space University adopts semicircle corrugated resin matrix composite to prepare, the cumulative effect utilizing ripple to be out of shape realizes bending distortion.Because such covering mainly adopts fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material, there is larger rigidity, there is certain advantage bearing in aerodynamic loading; But higher to the power requirement of drive system, be difficult to realize the change of complicated shape (or multiple degree of freedom) and deflection is little, these are all the bottlenecks in the research of morphing flexible covering.Therefore how to obtain the flexible covering of multiple degree of freedom, large deformation, and meet the requirement of aerofoil profile to covering performance in flight course there is important researching value.
For a difficult problem for large deformation, the several years becomes study hotspot to a kind of large deformation flexible covering based on intellectual material in the past.Such skin material can produce macroshape change under the excitation of the external factor such as temperature or light by the transformation of internal organizational structure.Researchist is recently proposed another kind of novel large deformation flexible structural skin, because such flexible structure covering just need can obtain large alteration of form under the driving of driver train, is thus called passive large deformation flexible covering.The large scale that can obtain after being combined with driver train by this kind of covering as different airfoil profiles such as airfoil cross-section area, front and rear edge camber, the span, sweepback angle changes.
In the large flexible covering process of research, some scholars have employed flexible born of the same parents' shape material is in recent years supporter, take resilient base material as the implementation on covering top layer.The smart skins born of the same parents shape supporting construction adopted has the characteristic of zero Poisson's ratio or negative poisson ' s ratio, can when longitudinal stretching or compression, and transverse dimensions remains unchanged and even extends.Such scheme can well meet the requirement of morphing large deformation.But the driver train meanwhile, designing suitable smart skins born of the same parents shape supporting construction also becomes a great problem.
Domesticly at present in the research of morphing and smart skins, obtain many breakthroughs, but in existing bibliographical information, domestic rarely has bibliographical information driver train and intelligent skin structure combined.In bibliographical information abroad, about the research many places of smart skins in theoretical predevelopment phase.External some scholars makes progress in large deformation smart skins, and designs driver train and test.Periodical: Journal of Intelligent Materials Systems and Structures, 2009,20 volume 16 phases, the page number: 1969 – 1985, can find out in bibliographical information, current driver train often also exists physical construction bulky complex, and driver train is to the more intensity that but can not improve stressed-skin construction of covering weightening finish, the energy consumption of driver train is higher and drive condition complicated, can only realize all disadvantages such as unidirectional drive.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to overcome prior art defect, provides that a kind of structure is simple, energy consumption is low, can carry out bi-directional drive and can increase the smart skins actuating device of the Shape-based interpolation memory effect of stressed-skin construction intensity.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the smart skins actuating device of a kind of Shape-based interpolation memory effect provided by the invention, comprise pedestal, insulating block, insulation slide block and SMA silk, described insulating block is at least two and is even number, the side of described insulating block interval mounting base, described insulation slide block is corresponding with insulating block quantity and be set in parallel on pedestal; Described each insulation slide block all connects two SMA silks, one end of two SMA silks is fixed on the pedestal opposite side corresponding with insulating block position, wherein any SMA silk other end is directly connected with insulation slide block, and the other end of another root SMA silk is walked around insulating block and is connected with insulation slide block.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: (1), compared with other smart skins driver train, and this driving device structure is simply compact, two-wire journey drives, and can provide reliable and stable propulsive effort for intelligent skin structure; (2), utilize shape memory alloy wire material material as driver element, its drive condition is only low-voltage DC, and drive condition is simple, safety, and drive response fast, propulsive effort is large, and needed for driver train, energy consumption is less, energy-conserving and environment-protective and noiselessness, pollution-free; (3) the SMA silk, in the present invention and pedestal also can improve the bulk strength of stressed-skin construction.
As improvement, align between insulating block, drived control can be made so more accurate, and device speed of response is faster.
As improvement, the pedestal between insulating block and SMA silk fixed end is provided with guide rail, and the bottom of described insulation slide block is provided with the groove matched with guide rail, and the slip of insulating block can be used more reliable and more stable.
As improvement, described insulating block is ceramic pulley, can ensure the insulativity of pulley, simultaneously pulley can be made not by the tensile failure of SMA silk and the resistance of pulley is relatively little.
As improvement, described pedestal and insulation slide block all adopt long glass fiber reinforced plastics, and while proof strength, its density is lower, reduces integrally-built quality.
Driving principle of the present invention is: the one way shape-memory effect of marmem, and namely apply external force to the alloy being in martensitic state, make it produce plastic deformation, after removal external force, then plastic deformation is retained.Marmem is heated, then can be returned to the state before distortion.After this, then marmem is cooled, then formless change.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the smart skins actuating device integral structure figure that the present invention is based on shape memory effect;
Fig. 2 is for installing smart skins cell structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the constructional drawing of slide block structure, (a) block diagram, (b) front elevation, (c) lateral plan, (d) birds-eye view in figure;
Fig. 4 is the constructional drawing of understructure.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Fig. 1,4, the present invention is based on the smart skins actuating device of shape memory effect, comprise pedestal 1, ceramic pulley 3, slide block 4, a SMA silk 7, the 2nd SMA silk 8, Three S's MA silk 9 and the 4th SMA silk 10.Pedestal 1 adopts the processing of long glass fiber reinforced plastics, and its intensity is high, density is lower, can reduce the quality of single unit system.The both sides of pedestal 1 are respectively equipped with weir, limit 2, wherein the weir, limit 2 on right side is provided with the ceramic pulley mounting hole at two intervals, the weir, limit 2 in left side is provided with two groups of SMA silk attachment points, and SMA silk attachment point aligns with ceramic pulley mounting hole, and base body is between the two provided with guide rail 5.Left side weir, limit 2 be provided with simultaneously for smart skins cell structure connecting screw hole.
Ceramic pulley 3 is two, is arranged on the weir, limit 2 on the right side of pedestal by screw.Adopt ceramic pulley, the insulativity of pulley can be ensured, pulley can be ensured not by the tensile failure of SMA silk simultaneously; Meanwhile, the resistance of ceramic pulley 3 is relatively little, can reduce and rub with SMA silk, ensures the stable performance of SMA silk, extends its service life, improves and drives speed of response and drive efficiency.
As shown in Figure 1,3, slide block 4 is two pieces, and be separately positioned on two guide rails 5 on pedestal 1, two slide blocks 4 align.The bottom of slide block 4 is provided with the groove 6 matched with guide rail 5, and groove 6 embeds in guide rail 5, ensures that slide block 4 can slide along guide rail 5; The top of slide block 4 be provided with for smart skins cell structure connecting screw hole 11.The both sides of screw 11 are respectively equipped with SMA silk link slot.Slide block 4 long glass fiber reinforced plastics processing, ensures and SMA silk insulation.
As shown in Figure 1, one end of one SMA silk 7 and the 2nd SMA silk 8 is fixed on the SMA silk attachment point on the weir, limit 2 on the left of pedestal 1, the SMA silk link slot of side on the direct slide block 4 of the other end of the 2nd SMA silk 8, the corresponding ceramic pulley 3 that the other end of the one SMA silk 7 is walked around on the weir, limit on the right side of substrate is connected with the SMA silk link slot of opposite side on slide block 4, and is strained and fixed.Insulate between one SMA silk 7 and the 2nd SMA silk 8.
In like manner, one end of Three S's MA silk 9 and the 4th SMA silk 10 is fixed on another SMA silk attachment point on the weir, limit 2 on the left of pedestal 1, the SMA silk link slot of side on the other end another slide block 4 direct of 4th SMA silk 10, the corresponding ceramic pulley 3 that the other end of Three S's MA silk 9 is walked around on the weir, limit on the right side of another substrate is connected with the SMA silk link slot of opposite side on slide block 4, and is strained and fixed.Insulate between Three S's MA silk 9 and the 4th SMA silk.
Because two slide blocks 4 align in the present embodiment, a SMA silk 7 is consistent with the length of Three S's MA silk 9 is a pair, connects constant voltage power suspply respectively at both positive and negative polarity; 2nd SMA silk 8 is consistent with the 4th SMA silk 10 length is that another is right, connects constant voltage power suspply respectively at both positive and negative polarity.Device drived control can be made so more accurate, drive speed of response faster.Certainly, it should be understood that two slide blocks 4 stagger mutually as those of ordinary skill in the art and be also fine, now the length of each SMA silk does corresponding adjustment.
The diameter of the SMA silk that the present embodiment is selected is 0.5 millimeter, the Ni-Ti alloy of alloy to be Ni content be 50.1at%.The preprocessing process of SMA silk (shape-memory alloy wire) is: first, carries out performance stabilizing treatment to SMA silk, and in the boiling water of 0 DEG C of frozen water and 100 DEG C, repeatedly soak 50 times more than by SMA silk, each soak time is no less than 2 minutes, to stablize its performance; Then, annealing in process is carried out to SMA silk, eliminate internal stress, improve plasticity and be beneficial to bend; Annealing heating temperature 450 DEG C, is incubated 30 minutes, cools with stove; Finally, carry out stretcher-strain process to SMA silk, prestension dependent variable is 5%.The concrete length of SMA silk can adjust according to needing in practical application the displacement produced, but pre edformation must keep 5%.
As shown in Figure 2, smart skins cell structure 12 adopts aluminium to make processing, and its two ends are connected with plastic flagstone respectively, plastic flagstone all has tapped bore to ensure the assembling with slide block 4, pedestal 1.
The present invention is based on the smart skins actuating device fitting process of shape memory effect:
1, ceramic pulley 2 is arranged on the weir, limit 2 on the right side of pedestal 1 by screw;
Being connected with slide block 4 by screw 2, by smart skins cell structure 12 side plastic flagstone;
3, slide block 4 is embedded into guide rail 5 respectively, and can ensure that slide block 4 can slide along guide rail 5;
4, one end of the 2nd SMA silk 8 and the 4th SMA silk 10 is fixed on the weir, limit 2 on the left of pedestal, the other end is directly connected with two slide blocks 4;
5, one end of a SMA silk 7 and Three S's MA silk 9 is fixed on the weir, limit 2 on the left of pedestal, the other end is walked around respectively after two ceramic pulley 2 are connected with two slide blocks 4 and is strained and fixed;
Being connected with the weir, limit 2 in the left side of pedestal 1 by screw 6, by smart skins cell structure 12 opposite side plastic flagstone.
The present invention is based on the driving process of the smart skins actuating device of shape memory effect:
Be connected with the two ends of first pair of SMA silk (i.e. the 2nd SMA silk 8 and the 4th SMA silk 10) respectively by the both positive and negative polarity of constant voltage power suspply, switch on power, increase electric current gradually, then slide block 4 starts along rail moving, continues to increase electric current, until slide block 4 stop motion;
Stop to first to silk energising, be connected at the two ends of the both positive and negative polarity of constant voltage power suspply respectively with another to SMA silk (i.e. SMA silk 7 and a Three S's MA silk 9), switch on power, increase electric current gradually, then slide block 4 starts to move round about, until motion stops;
Repeat above process, then slide block 4 can along track crank motion.
In above-mentioned driving process, the voltage regulation limits of constant voltage power suspply is 0 ~ 10V, the setting range 0 ~ 5A of electric current.
Smart skins cell structure 12 is driven to describe the present invention with two slide blocks 4 in the present embodiment, it is emphasized that and also can four slide blocks or more drive according to actual needs, but slide block 4 quantity should be even number, its connection structure, with reference to this example, is not launched to describe at this.But when selection two slide blocks 4, the entirety driving response of device is fast, resistance is less, and device itself is relatively simple for structure, conducts oneself with dignity lighter.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, can also make some improvement under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, and these improvement also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the smart skins actuating device of a Shape-based interpolation memory effect, it is characterized in that: comprise pedestal, insulating block, insulation slide block and SMA silk, described insulating block is at least two and is even number, the side of described insulating block interval mounting base, described insulation slide block is corresponding with insulating block quantity to be arranged on pedestal; Described each insulation slide block all connects two SMA silks, one end of two SMA silks is fixed on the pedestal opposite side corresponding with insulating block position, wherein any SMA silk other end is directly connected with insulation slide block, and the other end of another root SMA silk is walked around insulating block and is connected with insulation slide block.
2. the smart skins actuating device of Shape-based interpolation memory effect according to claim 1, is characterized in that: align between described insulating block.
3. the smart skins actuating device of Shape-based interpolation memory effect according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the pedestal between described insulating block and SMA silk fixed end is provided with guide rail, and the bottom of described insulation slide block is provided with the groove matched with guide rail.
4. the smart skins actuating device of Shape-based interpolation memory effect according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described insulating block is ceramic pulley.
5. the smart skins actuating device of Shape-based interpolation memory effect according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described pedestal and insulation slide block all adopt long glass fiber reinforced plastics.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510077715.1A CN104760682A (en) | 2015-02-13 | 2015-02-13 | Smart skin driving device based on shape memory effect |
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| CN201510077715.1A CN104760682A (en) | 2015-02-13 | 2015-02-13 | Smart skin driving device based on shape memory effect |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105480434A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2016-04-13 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | On-track member rigidity regulating device and method based on memory alloy wire |
| CN105836106A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-08-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Morphing wing trailing edge driven based on shape memory alloy and deflection method thereof |
| CN107140239A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-09-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | A kind of spiral thermal change rigidity active control mechanism of SMA drivings |
| CN107688696A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2018-02-13 | 西北工业大学 | The intelligent deformation wing optimization design method of integrated two-way shape memory alloy |
| CN109018438A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-18 | 北京空间机电研究所 | A kind of expanding unit driven using high drive marmem |
| CN109760341A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | The curved shape memory alloy of round trip, production method and driving method |
| CN110803276A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-02-18 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Flexibly deformable wing mechanism and assembly method |
| CN111422346A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2020-07-17 | 浙江工业大学 | Collapsible unmanned aerial vehicle wing based on multistable characteristic |
| CN115909907A (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2023-04-04 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | Stretching device |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105480434A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2016-04-13 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | On-track member rigidity regulating device and method based on memory alloy wire |
| CN105836106A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-08-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Morphing wing trailing edge driven based on shape memory alloy and deflection method thereof |
| CN107140239A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-09-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | A kind of spiral thermal change rigidity active control mechanism of SMA drivings |
| CN107140239B (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2019-04-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | A kind of spiral thermal change rigidity active control mechanism of SMA driving |
| CN107688696A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2018-02-13 | 西北工业大学 | The intelligent deformation wing optimization design method of integrated two-way shape memory alloy |
| CN109018438A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-18 | 北京空间机电研究所 | A kind of expanding unit driven using high drive marmem |
| CN109760341A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | The curved shape memory alloy of round trip, production method and driving method |
| CN111422346A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2020-07-17 | 浙江工业大学 | Collapsible unmanned aerial vehicle wing based on multistable characteristic |
| CN110803276A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-02-18 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Flexibly deformable wing mechanism and assembly method |
| CN110803276B (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2023-01-03 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Flexibly deformable wing mechanism and assembly method |
| CN115909907A (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2023-04-04 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | Stretching device |
| CN115909907B (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2024-05-28 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | Stretchable device |
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