CN104756902A - Method for cultivating Tilapia - Google Patents
Method for cultivating Tilapia Download PDFInfo
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- CN104756902A CN104756902A CN201510033216.2A CN201510033216A CN104756902A CN 104756902 A CN104756902 A CN 104756902A CN 201510033216 A CN201510033216 A CN 201510033216A CN 104756902 A CN104756902 A CN 104756902A
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- fry
- parent population
- feeding
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- pond
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 241000276707 Tilapia Species 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000276701 Oreochromis mossambicus Species 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000207740 Lemna minor Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000006439 Lemna minor Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000001855 Portulaca oleracea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000256626 Pterygota <winged insects> Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000371652 Curvularia clavata Species 0.000 claims description 3
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000000436 anus Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000840 anti-viral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144987 brood Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015111 chews Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241001233061 earthworms Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000001325 yolk sac Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating ecological thorough-bred Tilapia. The method comprises the following steps of cultivating fish, throwing in the fish, breeding and spawning, first-stage fish feeding, second-stage fish feeding and third-stage fish feeding; according to the method, some problems in a traditional method for cultivating Tilapia by fodder are solved, a growth cycle is relatively long, the reproductive capacity is relatively high, the nutritive value balance reaches a certain numerical value, and the meat quality is relatively fresh and delicious.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to method for cultivation of fish, particularly relate to a kind of method for breeding tilapia.
Background technology
Traditional Tilapia mossambica is the ominivore-fish based on plant.Tilapia mossambica in pond, namely forage feed Tilapia mossambica digestive tract inclusion major part is out organic debris and other vegetable feeds (as pasture and water class, commercial feed etc.), is secondly phytoplankton, zooplankton and a small amount of zoobenthos.And general Tilapia mossambica early sexual maturity, oviposition period is short, and juvenile fish is hatched in oral cavity, and Reproduction Conditions is less demanding, natural propagation in large water area impounded body.Namely Tilapia mossambica reaches sexual maturity in 6 months, weigh the raun of about 200 grams, fish brood amount is many at about 1000 ~ 1500, between breeding period, milter has beautiful wedding dark brown color, and belly has anus and two, urogenital hole mouth, and extruding belly adularescent seminal fluid flows out, raun belly has 3 holes, i.e. anus, gonopore and uropoiesis hole.Water temperature 18 ~ 32 DEG C, ability that ripe milter has " digging nest ", ripe raun enters nest pairing, and output mature egg is also contained in oral cavity at once, and make ovum fertilization, fertilized egg is grown in raun oral cavity, within during water temperature about 27 degree five days, can hatch juvenile fish.Juvenile fish to yolk sac leaves this forage feed of parent fish out when disappearing and have a capability, slow on growth cycle, fertility does not also reach best values, there is very large deficiency the fresh and tender aspect of antiviral property and meat, on nutritive value, the nutritive value of the Tilapia mossambica of forage feed is also uneven.So in sum, the cultivation of Tilapia mossambica still there is a very large part can improve.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses the cultural method of a kind of ecological breeding Tilapia mossambica, this method solve some problems existed in conventional feed cultivating tilapia method, growth cycle is relatively long, and fertility is higher, the balance of nutritive value reaches certain numerical value, and meat is also more fresh and tender good to eat.
Ecological breeding method for breeding tilapia of the present invention comprises the steps:
Cultivate fry; First salvage parent population, screening build is good, and the anosis well-developed parent population without wound and Tilapia mossambica parent population are thrown in parent fish pond with female-male proportion about 1: 2.8 ratio, cultivate and obtain new product Tilapia mossambica;
Throw in fry; Throw in front lime disinfection, add a small amount of duckweed, release time disposable input, the pond of throwing in parent population is cement pit, and the degree of depth is at about 1.2m;
Breeding is laid eggs; When parent population breeding is laid eggs, the temperature of parent fish pond adjusts to 26 to 32 degree; The density that parent population is put in a suitable place to breed, keep dissolved oxygen in water at often liter more than 3.5 milligrams, put parent population four tail for every square metre, inflow is at 0.2 cubic meters per second, and alkali content is at 80 to 150 milligrams per liter, and in water, calcium ions and magnesium ions content summation is at 80 to 150 milligrams per liter, acid-base value controls between 7.5 to 8, nitrate controls often to rise at about 250 milligrams, and carbonic acid gas is no more than 35 milligrams per liter, and nitrite is no more than 0.09 milligram often liter;
Feed the fry first stage; After parent population mating breeds fry, pull fry out with fine-structure mesh, too small or ill fry is chosen, remaining fry is dropped into the ground floor in three staged fishponds; Just dropped into the first five sky, fry pond fry, feeding is sugary, mineral matter, the nutrient solution of protein and vitamin, protein content about 35% in nutrient solution; Evening, egg was poured in cooperation into; In 20 afterwards day, three cleer and peaceful a small amount of dietary fiber elements of Feeding with Eggs at regular time and quantity sooner or later; During 30 to 45 days, Feeding with Eggs resets and add corn flour, adds vitamin solution simultaneously; After 50 days, the feed in morning is earthworm, and feeding time is twice on the one; Evening feeding corn, the powder that wheat mixing black rice is got, opens light around fishpond at night, makes attract more winged insect around, strengthen fry take exercise;
Feed fry second stage; Fry growth is to after two months, and automatic fitration, in the pond of second layer ladder, in the feeding of feed, uses earthworm and corn mud more, regularly throws in the nutrient solution that some sugar and mineral matter also have vitamin to fishpond;
Feed the fry phase III; Fish grows to six months, and automatic fitration is to third layer ladder, and wait is fished for.
Embodiment
The cultural method of Tilapia mossambica of the present invention is that relatively long at growth cycle, fertility is higher in order to solve conventional feed cultivating tilapia, and the balance of nutritive value reaches certain numerical value, and meat is also more fresh and tender good to eat.
Method for breeding tilapia of the present invention comprises the steps:
Salvage parent population; Wherein a part of nursery of Tilapia mossambica salvages parent population exactly from this small stream, and at the large sufficient Long Shui of conveniently situation, have the tributary in a Lai Xi river, river is limpid pollution-free, water source good fluidity.Then screen build good, the improved seeds Tilapia mossambica parent population of the genescreen that the anosis well-developed parent population without wound and Hainan are introduced is thrown in female-male proportion about 1: 2.8 ratio and then cultivate the excellent new product Tilapia mossambica of kind in parent fish pond.The size of the fry volume thrown in can not gap too large, with lime disinfection before input, add a small amount of duckweed, release time disposable input, the pond of throwing in parent population is cement pit, and the degree of depth is at about 1.2m.Because Tilapia mossambica belongs to tropical fish, breeding period is generally best period about four Maies of each year, and when parent population breeding is laid eggs, we generally adjust to 26 to 32 degree the temperature hot water input channel of parent fish pond.On culvert system, we use pvc pipe, intake from the top in pond, from the bottom center draining in pond, are conducive to blowdown.Apopore is put a sieve, can prevent fry from escaping.In the density that parent population is put in a suitable place to breed, keep dissolved oxygen in water at often liter more than 3.5 milligrams, ammonia-nitrogen content can not be too high, puts parent population four tail for every square metre, and inflow adjustment is at 0.2 cubic meters per second, and alkali content controls at 80 to 150 milligrams per liter.In water, calcium ions and magnesium ions content summation is at 80 to 150 milligrams per liter, and acid-base value controls between 7.5 to 8, and nitrate controls often to rise at about 250 milligrams, and carbonic acid gas is no more than 35 milligrams per liter, and nitrite is no more than 0.09 milligram often liter.
After parent population mating breeds fry, fry is pulled out with fine-structure mesh, too small or ill fry is chosen, remaining fry is dropped into the ground floor in three staged fishponds, general water fry quantity just drops into the first five sky, fry pond fry, some are sugary for feeding, mineral matter, the nutrient solution of protein and vitamin, in nutrient solution, protein content will about percent 35, coordinate at night and pour appropriate egg into, strengthen the immunity of fry, in 20 afterwards day, sooner or later three times the cleer and peaceful a small amount of dietary fiber of Feeding with Eggs is first at regular time and quantity usually ensures that the nutrients mass-energy of fry is caught up with.In 30 to four ten five days, feed is changed into a Feeding with Eggs and resets and add corn flour (the thin corn flour of 2-3 time that corn flour will be polished) and adding that some vitamin solutions pour fry pond into together.By the time after 50 days, fry volume rises appreciably, the feed in morning changes the earthworm of oneself cultivation into, because be the growth stage of Tilapia mossambica during this period of time, fat heat and protein is lacked in body, earthworm is the most original, also be best feed, then during this period of time feeding time changed into one day twice, evening feeding corn, the powder that wheat mixing black rice is got, open light at night around fishpond, make attract more winged insect around, also make Tilapia mossambica in the process of predation winged insect, within one day, all belong to a cycle of activity, meat is also finer and smoother chews strength.Also want the dead fish in timing periodic cleaning fry pond and some floating things, as algae, within duckweed.
Deng fry growth to after two months, meeting automatic fitration is in the pond of second layer ladder, and the fry in this period belongs to vegetative period completely, in the feeding of feed, many use earthworms and corn mud, regularly throw in some sugar to fishpond and mineral matter also has the nutrient solution of vitamin.
When fish grows to six months, again can automatic fitration to third layer ladder, this is, edible.
The cultural method of the ecological Tilapia mossambica of breeding of the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Selecting the kind of parent population and adopting gene to select qualitatively, fish the most excellent for kind is picked out, in the Propogation and culture of parent population, adopts systematized pattern, make parent population output and fry quality in fertilization process reach maximum.On traditional feed feeding, not only adopt the natural green cereal without any additive, shorten a growth cycle of fry, the edible feed of green ecological is also that flesh of fish matter is more delicious.
Claims (1)
1. a cultural method for Tilapia mossambica, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Cultivate fry; First salvage parent population, screening build is good, and the anosis well-developed parent population without wound and Tilapia mossambica parent population are thrown in parent fish pond with female-male proportion about 1: 2.8 ratio, cultivate and obtain new product Tilapia mossambica;
Throw in fry; Throw in front lime disinfection, add a small amount of duckweed, release time disposable input, the pond of throwing in parent population is cement pit, and the degree of depth is at about 1.2m;
Breeding is laid eggs; When parent population breeding is laid eggs, the temperature of parent fish pond adjusts to 26 to 32 degree; The density that parent population is put in a suitable place to breed, keep dissolved oxygen in water at often liter more than 3.5 milligrams, put parent population four tail for every square metre, inflow is at 0.2 cubic meters per second, and alkali content is at 80 to 150 milligrams per liter, and in water, calcium ions and magnesium ions content summation is at 80 to 150 milligrams per liter, acid-base value controls between 7.5 to 8, nitrate controls often to rise at about 250 milligrams, and carbonic acid gas is no more than 35 milligrams per liter, and nitrite is no more than 0.09 milligram often liter;
Feed the fry first stage; After parent population mating breeds fry, pull fry out with fine-structure mesh, too small or ill fry is chosen, remaining fry is dropped into the ground floor in three staged fishponds; Just dropped into the first five sky, fry pond fry, feeding is sugary, mineral matter, the nutrient solution of protein and vitamin, protein content about 35% in nutrient solution; Evening, egg was poured in cooperation into; In 20 afterwards day, three cleer and peaceful a small amount of dietary fiber elements of Feeding with Eggs at regular time and quantity sooner or later; During 30 to 45 days, Feeding with Eggs resets and add corn flour, adds vitamin solution simultaneously; After 50 days, the feed in morning is earthworm, and feeding time is twice on the one; Evening feeding corn, the powder that wheat mixing black rice is got, opens light around fishpond at night, makes attract more winged insect around, strengthen fry take exercise;
Feed fry second stage; Fry growth is to after two months, and automatic fitration, in the pond of second layer ladder, in the feeding of feed, uses earthworm and corn mud more, regularly throws in the nutrient solution that some sugar and mineral matter also have vitamin to fishpond;
Feed the fry phase III; Fish grows to six months, and automatic fitration is to third layer ladder, and wait is fished for.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510033216.2A CN104756902A (en) | 2015-01-23 | 2015-01-23 | Method for cultivating Tilapia |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510033216.2A CN104756902A (en) | 2015-01-23 | 2015-01-23 | Method for cultivating Tilapia |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104756902A true CN104756902A (en) | 2015-07-08 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510033216.2A Pending CN104756902A (en) | 2015-01-23 | 2015-01-23 | Method for cultivating Tilapia |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104756902A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107751050A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-06 | 中国长江三峡集团公司中华鲟研究所 | A kind of long Qi Wen Minnow seed mass breeding methods |
| CN113728949A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-12-03 | 苏州大学 | Method for preventing and controlling rotten body disease of herbivorous fishes and omnivorous fishes |
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| JP2011067187A (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2011-04-07 | Kagawa Prefecture | Artificial insemination method of internal fertilization fish of marine fish |
| CN102640717A (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2012-08-22 | 广东省淡水名优鱼类种苗繁育中心 | All-year-round artificial propagation method of Tilapia aurea |
| CN103109758A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-05-22 | 化州市光辉养殖场有限公司 | Tilapia fry rearing method |
| CN103734050A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-23 | 茂名市海名威水产科技有限公司 | Tilapia breeding method |
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2015
- 2015-01-23 CN CN201510033216.2A patent/CN104756902A/en active Pending
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107751050A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-06 | 中国长江三峡集团公司中华鲟研究所 | A kind of long Qi Wen Minnow seed mass breeding methods |
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| CN113728949A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-12-03 | 苏州大学 | Method for preventing and controlling rotten body disease of herbivorous fishes and omnivorous fishes |
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Application publication date: 20150708 |
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