CN104756731A - Rice powder ridge dry soil seedling arranging ecological cultivation method - Google Patents
Rice powder ridge dry soil seedling arranging ecological cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A rice powder ridge dry soil seedling arranging ecological cultivation method comprises the steps that 1. powder ridge machinery is used for carrying out dry field powder ridge cultivation on a rice field, powder ridge depth is 25-35 cm, and rice soil obtained after powder ridge is kept in a dry-water state; 2. in a rice transplanting season, soil on the surface layer of a powder ridge rice field is subjected to flattening, so that after field surface soil is placed into water, the depth of waterflooding layers is the same; 3. during rice transplanting, under a dry soil condition, rice seedling arranging is carried out on a dry soil field surface by manual show-wearing seedling arranging, a light rice transplanter or a seedling arranger; 4. after rice field dry soil seedling arranging, irrigation is carried out in time, and rice seedling roots are naturally planted into soil during a water returning soil softening process; and 5. according to the normal standard, fertilization and high-yield cultivation measure management are carried out. According to the method, the labor efficiency of cultivation can be improved, the labor intensity of traditional seedling transplanting in which bowing is needed and feet and hands are stained with mud and water is lowered, damage to roots of seedlings from manual seedling transplanting or mechanical transplanting can be avoided, the time of a seedling establishment period of rice transplanting is shortened, powder ridge is carried out by one time, deep layer ploughing is of no need for 3-4 years, and rice continuous yield stability and production increasing can be kept.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crop cultivation method, be specially Rice Powder ridge new method for cultivating.
Background technology
In Rice Production, history follows for a long time gets off, be also hydroponics by a large amount of extensively Rice Cropping mode that succession uses at present, its process need starches through plough a field, harrow a field, soaked field etc. the state of ploughing, under the condition having water layer, rice transplantation by hand, rice transplanting or machine rice transplantation can be adopted to transplant rice cultivation.
This method, plough in the process of whole field at slurry, water and soil and fertilizer are easily run off, and not only waste water and soil but also pollute rivers environment; Rice transplantation by hand or rice transplanting, trick is stained with mud, time-consuming, and labour intensity is large; And due to this traditional Rice Cropping pattern, rice field easily bonds, anoxic, affects root growth, its per unit area yield yield potential not quite, this is because:
1. paddy field plow layer is shallow, (mini-size tillage machine is generally 10 cm to be generally 10-15 cm, the mini-size tillage machine of improvement is 15 cm), the paddy soil amount of loosening the soil and primary nutrient wretched insufficiency, can not meet the demand of the breedings such as hybrid rice to soil environment.
2. rice field base manure discharges before whole field or when the whole field of tractor rotary tillage, and water a large amount of in rice field can make mud and nutriment in a fertilizer outflow, adds that the string before and after rice transplanting fills with flood irrigation, water, soil, fertilizer etc. run off serious, both reduce soil fertility of paddy field, easily polluted again, affect environmental protection.
3. paddy rice slurry cultivation, soil easily bonds, harden, and the bulk density of soil is large, and soil oxygen content is few, and in soil, aerobic microorganism activity is obstructed, and has a strong impact on the prosperity growth of rice root, and then affects the tall and big and photosynthetic efficiency of plant.
4. rice field after date open field dry field in rice transplanting growth pulpous state in early stage and growth, soil bonding and the anoxic that hardens, cause rice root to be isabelline, undergrowth, affect rice yield.
5. take a lot of work, water wasting, expense are fertile, expense medicine.In rice field, to cause damage by disease and insect to occur serious for multiple cropping year after year, and rice field district is at present still based on chemical fertilizer, and seriously cause the deterioration of soil environment, the deterioration of rice belt planting environment directly enhances plant development cost.
6. traditional rice cropping, is in water logging condition for a long time, adds soil compaction, and easily produce methane isothermal chamber gas, impact is ecological.
In view of the situation, this brightness of the present inventor's Wei proposes: for further stable yields volume increase and the reduction production cost of paddy rice, except breeding effect, fundamental solution is to rebuild and is suitable for the deep plow layer that paddy rice strengthens root healthy tree, vitalize soil resource and effectively utilize natural rainfall, utilize the oxygen content of the primary nutrient in soil and increase (on tillage pan, soil oxygen-supplying tube road is unimpeded), through demonstration test discovery for many years, the cultivation of powder ridge is carried out to paddy rice, obvious effect of increasing production is had to paddy rice, applied for the patent of " Rice Powder ridge cultivating method " in 2011 simultaneously, license number: CN 102246676 B, summary: Rice Powder ridge cultivating method, adopt the augers machinery vertical turnery soil natural that buries to become railway carriage or compartment Cheng Long, bury turnery degree of depth 20-30 centimetre, guarantee is screwed into raw soil layer, and make soil powder ridge in small, broken bits, hack floats about 5-10 centimetre naturally, subsoiling and not random soil layer, how many railway carriage or compartment face widths is divided into 60-300 centimetre depending on powder ridge mechanical drill device, between railway carriage or compartment and railway carriage or compartment fill with row ditch, bottom of trench is no-tillage 20-30 centimetre, become furrow width 15-25 centimetre, then on powder furrow field, carry out rice transplanting after live or backwater, rice transplanting, water consumpation, alternation of wetting and drying.Adopt the inventive method, change the pattern of inserting (throwing) seedling after traditional upland rice leans on plow harrow field by live after plow harrow and paddy rice wholely, soil is in small, broken bits, loose and have darker active soil stratum, water storage water conservation, oxygen is sufficient, is beneficial to go out root soon and have more root, improve drought resisting Resistant and capacity for the resistance to lodging, adjust fertile growth regulation with water regulating the qi flowing in the channels, paddy rice high yield can be met and grow to the demand of water, gas and nutrition, paddy rice high yield and quality raising.
Although above powder ridge culture technique can change the defect in existing rice cultivating technique, carry out overcoming the soaked field that discharges water in advance before cultivation can't be needed, the operation of bull pine soil, can not overcome that trick is stained with mud, time-consuming rice cropping form.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of Rice Powder ridge dry ground pendulum seedling ecological cultivation method, prior art can be overcome to discharge water in advance soaked field, bull pine soil slurry farming industry, also overcome that trick is stained with mud, time-consuming paddy rice traditional cultivation form, also a powder ridge can be realized, rear season, paddy rice do not need to repeat the operation of powder ridge again, and can realize paddy rice and continue volume increase.
Above-mentioned purpose be this brightness of the present inventor's Wei etc. through more than 5 years in Guangxi, economize such as Hunan, Henan etc. implement the cultivation of Rice Powder ridge and can increase production on the basis of 10%-20% more, proposes the rice calli of " Rice Powder ridge dry ground pendulum seedling ecological cultivation method ".
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
Rice Powder ridge dry ground pendulum seedling ecological cultivation method, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1, adopt powder ridge machinery, utilize its helix-type bit, the powder ridge farming of dry field is carried out to rice field, degree of depth 25-35 centimetre, powder ridge (increasing more than degree of depth 15-20 centimetre than current tractor rotary tillage farming 10-15 centimetre); Paddy soil behind powder ridge keeps solid carbon dioxide state.
2., in rice transplanting season, to the rugged soil in top layer, rice field, powder ridge, utilize artificial or light-duty machinery to carry out whole field (surface is suitably smooth), after making face, field soil put into water, the waterflooding water layer depth is consistent.
3., when rice transplanting, under dry ground condition, putting seedling or light-duty rice transplanter pendulum seedling (can reduce labor intensity) by manually wearing footwear, according to planting density specification requirement, carrying out face, field and putting rice seedling.
4. after rice field dry ground finishes rice shoot, carry out first time irrigation return flow in time, the degree of depth is about 8-10 centimetre, avoids water in field to outflow, and allows rice seedling root system naturally implant in soil in weak soil process; When within 1-2 days, Soil surface water layer falls dry, carry out second time backwater and irrigate, promote that rice plant is taken root and low position tiller fast.
5. rice basal fertilizer, according to normal fertilizer application norm, spreads fertilizer over the fields before dry ground pendulum seedling; For promoting paddy rice early growth and quick tiller, 6-8 days after backwater is irrigated, imposes the fertilizer of first time based on nitrogenous fertilizer; Afterwards, manage by locality conventional high-yield culturing rich water quality management measure.
Above-mentioned said powder ridge machinery adopts the patent No.: CN201010270614.3, denomination of invention: the equipment described by rotary-grinding type multifunctional machine for deep tillage of powder ridge.
The above-mentioned said rice shoot put adopts the rice seedling bundle of industrial sprout cultivation (plastic tray incubation), or at the seedling with soil that rice shoot field shovels out.
Time above-mentioned said light-duty machinery carries out whole field, suitably can open ditch according to one fixed width, rice shoot is placed in ditch, and be beneficial to the row of filling, light-duty machinery leaves ditch and can also ensure seedling-growing straight line in addition, facilitates later field management and harvesting.
Above Rice Powder ridge dry ground pendulum seedling ecological cultivation method can carry out with fertilising on powder ridge simultaneously, powder ridge adopts augers machinery to bury vertical drill soil, bury turnery degree of depth 25-50 centimetre, fertilizer is allowed it evenly to be incorporated in soil by powder ridge machine augers, powder ridge is not dug after boring soil or is digged, and, can not harrow a field meanwhile, keep bottom solum non-rising, do not stir; Selection fair weather dry field after completing; If meet rainy weather (except heavy rain), not draining discharges water, and keeps fertilizer not run off.
The present invention also should by the following technical solutions:
(1) carry out drainage management, keep the powder ridge soil before rice transplanting dry and comfortable, the object of shining soil can be reached on the one hand, also can increasing the oxygen in soil on the other hand, laying a solid foundation for creating good paddy soil farming ecology.
(2) carry out according to Rice Cropping basic law when the seedling plantation of dry ground pendulum, note rational close planting, carry out in real time after plantation topdressing and disease pest and weed management, management of topdressing comprises: (seedling stage) lift-augmented mechanism in earlier stage, promotes that seedling gesture is prosperous by force; Middle and later periods sees that seedling applies fertilizer, the fertilizing amount of the 10-20% that cuts down according to the circumstance, and to avoid the later stage remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe, affects yield and quality; Disease pest and weed management comprises: at rice growing or after transplanting, Chemical Control of Harmful Insects is carried out to rice hoppers, rice leaf roller and striped rice borer, disease chemical control is carried out to rice blast, banded sclerotial blight, rice fulgorid Control stage is generally after rice plant of tillering stage, rice leaf roller and striped rice borer are caused harm general after the shooting stage, and the control of rice blast and banded sclerotial blight is generally in the paddy rice middle and later periods; To weeds chemical control when being also included in more than the paddy rice 3 leaf phase, Guangxi province paddy rice, when 3 leaf phases carried out control of weeds, easily causes poisoning, carries out weeding control, can improve safety coefficient after 3 leaf phases.
(3) water consumpation management, in the management of rice striking root phase, keeps water layer in 10 days; In the fertility full phase, carrying out in rainy season based on " wanting water by sky ", man-made irrigation is auxiliary water management pattern: in rice growing season, blocked by ridge draining breach as far as possible; Rice tillering is to tiller later stage and paddy rice booting, Filling stage, and under rainwater irrigates not enough condition, suitably increase manual priming, other period does not generally need manual priming.
(4) second rice crop cultivates technology: the second season rice or 3-4 rice field, no-tillagely maybe need only to plough shallowly, can not deep plough, shallow plowing need only stir the soil layer 3-4cm degree of depth, the rice root staying depth of soils must not routed up, and as oxygen channel after allowing it rot, carries out deep drilling powder ridge again after 4-5.Be specially: Rice Powder ridge ecological efficient is cultivated, after the first season, the powder ridge, good rice field plough horizon (topsoil on 25-28 centimetre, general powder ridge can remain on more than 25 centimetres) built can be utilized, carry out rear season for many years, many seasons gently plough or no-tillage cultivation.
The present invention adopts the dry ground pendulum seedling cultivation of powder ridge, rice field, the rice root number ratio traditional cultivation of this season and the plantation of rear season increases 20-30%, remain in the root system in soil year after year, become the organic matter improvement soil in soil on the one hand, if topsoil no longer farming disturbance on the other hand, the countless netted logical oxygen deferent be communicated with up and down in soil will be become after rotting, both the cultivation being conducive to soil fertility of paddy field improves, the permeability being more conducive to oxygen in soil is built, and is conducive to growing of rice root.Behind Here it is above-mentioned powder ridge, paddy rice is in a good volume increase platform every year, obtains the cause of good effect of increasing production.
The cultivation in season behind powder ridge, needs suitable weeding and renovation, can consider the mode adopting shallow farming.Concrete proposals, adopt light rotovator, and Rotary tillage blade buries 3-4 centimetre, turns over to the soil of this aspect; 3-4 centimetre is not generally stirred with the topsoil of lower part, to maintain this aspect powder ridge soil ecosystem state.Other fertilising, irrigation etc., the management method with reference to the first season is carried out.
While the work of powder ridge, together apply, for preventing and treating rice pest after agricultural chemicals and fertilizer can being puddled.
Above Rice Powder ridge dry ground pendulum seedling ecological cultivation method is when rice transplanting, under dry ground condition, putting seedling or light-duty rice transplanter pendulum seedling (can reduce labor intensity), according to planting density specification requirement, carrying out face, field and putting rice seedling by manually wearing footwear.Utilize that the primary nutrient of soil can be had additional supply of to paddy growth, a large amount of dissolved oxygen and a large amount of water storage of water storage function in the space of the primary formation of soil, realize to utilize natural rainfall, man-made irrigation to be auxiliary water management, and with alternation of wetting and drying management with soil in dissolved oxygen amount maximize, auxiliary appropriate applying fertilizer etc., promote that rice root is flourishing, robust plant, improve photosynthetic efficiency, reach saving of labor, joint is thrown (money) and obtains the object of higher yield and better quality.
Have employed Rice Powder ridge of the present invention ecological efficient cultivation method and have following outstanding substantive distinguishing features and significant progress:
1, footwear can be worn and enter the operation of dry rice field, rice seedling is put under dry ground condition, backwater weak soil is irrigated, and enters the 6th day, just shows rice root many and white, robust plant, there is the feature of long seedling after first long root, and started to tiller, come along fine, indicating that this technology is changed in rice transplanting mode obtains successfully, is expected to the important breakthrough realizing paddy rice planting method.
2, seedling ecological cultivation method put by the Rice Powder ridge dry ground that the present inventor proposes, and is a kind of brand new technical in Rice Production.First it deeply cultivate farming rice field by the disposable powder ridge on powder ridge and replace conventional plow, rake, to beat or tractor rotary tillage is starched cultivated, utilize distinctive oxygen enrichment ecological environment of soil behind powder ridge, by dry ground pendulum seedling then backwater weak soil naturally incorporate in soil by rice root, under and the condition coordinated sufficient at oxygen, moisture, nutrient, impel rice root prosperity and low position tiller, to obtain higher yield.Simultaneously, carry out another free-revving engine of this technical research, to change that Traditional Man rice transplanting trick is stained with mud, time-consuming way exactly, rice shoot and root system is easily damaged for improving existing machinery rice transplanting further, and change mechanical seedling, the damage drawback of the minimizing rice shoot machine transplanting of rice in the process of burying of putting fast into, shorten period of seedling establishment time of rice transplanting, explores a new efficient high-yield rice transplanting cultivation method.
3, Rice Powder ridge of the present invention dry ground pendulum seedling ecological cultivation method, owing to carrying out the powder ridge farming of dry field to rice field, degree of depth 25-35 centimetre, powder ridge (increasing more than degree of depth 15-30 centimetre than current tractor rotary tillage farming 10-15 centimetre); Peasant wears shoes, puts rice shoot according to certain density specification on dry ground, and then backwater is irrigated, and allows rice shoot root system naturally bury in weak soil process field planting.
4, the inventive method and the present inventor " the Rice Powder ridge ecological efficient cultivation method " within 2014, applied for are the same, also be typical " lazyboot's type " paddy rice planting method, once deep ploughing powder ridge, 3-4 is no-tillage or shallow plowing, soil still keeps higher fertilizer conservation water retention capacity, relative to traditional paddy rice planting method saving of labor, laborsaving, raising output, more can raise labour efficiency relative to Rice Powder ridge cultivation, reduce work production cost, enhance productivity to a greater extent, realize year after year continuation volume increase, again excavate the potentiality of the powder ridge cultivation methods of cultivation.
5, Rice Powder ridge dry ground pendulum seedling ecological cultivation method is production method comparatively leading in the cultivation of current rice cultivation, realizing a farming, on the basis year after year increased production, effectively improve water paddy soil environment, the soil depth of 25-35 centimetre is beneficial to the improvement of the dark soil layer immature soil, significantly improves problems such as improving soil compaction, poor air permeability, water-retention fertilizer ability; Research shows, under same water and fertilizer condition, utilize the paddy rice field plantation of powder ridge ecological efficient cultivation method to the 6th season, its topsoil loosens the soil and still reaches 22 cm (thickening 9 centimetres than tradition 13 centimetres), paddy soil total nutrient quantity increases by more than 25%, and rate of growth is more than 18%.
6, Rice Powder ridge dry ground pendulum seedling ecological cultivation method achieves a powder ridge, tillage system reform no-tillage for many years, for reducing labor intensity, to raise labour efficiency vital meaning, in traditional operator scheme, peasant household still keeps away unavoidably exposes to the sun and rain, face the loess back of the body and cultivate pattern towards sky, and of the present invention appearance allows peasant household's work day by day become no longer necessary, the substitute is heavy duty detergent tillage system reform, standardization cultivates flow process, directly enhance economic benefit and alleviate work burden, allow peasant household easily plant ground.
7, the invention of Rice Powder ridge dry ground pendulum seedling ecological cultivation method is conducive to and wet rice cultivation machinery, as augers of the present invention machinery, sowing or rice transplanter, fertilizer distributor, pesticide applicator carry out reasonable integration, automation integrated system machinery more meets Rice Cropping mode standard be combineding with each other of this cultivation method, also more can drive the progress of rice high efficient culture technique industry.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the formula powder ridge machine utilizing Guangxi company to develop, dry powder ridge, field, the degree of depth 30 cm.
Fig. 2 is that technical staff wears shoes, and rice seedling put by powder ridge dry ground.
Fig. 3 is that after the dry ground pendulum seedling of powder ridge, backwater starches the paddy rice state diagram of ploughing rice transplanting with tradition.
Fig. 4 is that the rice plant that after the dry ground pendulum seedling of powder ridge, backwater and tradition starch cultivated rice transplanting shows comparison diagram.
Can see in figure, technical staff wears shoes, rice seedling put by powder ridge dry ground, can easy manipulation, but backwater shows with traditional rice plant starching cultivated rice transplanting and contrasts after powder ridge dry ground pendulum seedling, the later paddy rice of powder ridge dry ground pendulum seedling four days ploughs the rice plant well developed root system of rice transplanting than tradition slurry, tiller many, the seedlings of cereal crops are strengthened.
Embodiment
Economic crops research institute of the present inventor Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wei Benhui researcher, according to the technology of the present invention demand, adopt powder ridge rotary tillage machine, simultaneously with the use of Integrated fertilizer application or application equipment, the dry ground pendulum seedling ecological cultivation method demonstration test of Rice Powder ridge has been carried out to multiple test site, and long-term, careful observation and investigation have been carried out to multiple test site, and from paddy rice seed selection, cultivation, management, instruct and to set an example by personally taking part guidance, through investigating for many years, obtain a large amount of support test data of the present invention.
embodiment 1:
On March 25th, 2014 rises, and the technology of the present invention team has carried out demonstration test at 50 mu, Na Yang town, Heng County, Nanning paddy field.
1, adopt powder ridge machinery, utilize its helix-type bit, the powder ridge farming of dry field is carried out to rice field, degree of depth 25-35 centimetre, powder ridge (increasing more than degree of depth 15-30 centimetre than current tractor rotary tillage farming 10-15 centimetre); Paddy soil behind powder ridge keeps solid carbon dioxide state.2. in rice transplanting season, to the rugged soil in top layer, rice field, powder ridge, utilize artificial or light-duty machinery to carry out whole field, suitably open ditch, carry out rice shoot earth culture to be covered root after rice seedling is put in face, field, its rice shoot is erect, 3., when rice transplanting, under dry ground condition, put seedling or light-duty rice transplanter pendulum seedling by manually wearing footwear, according to planting density specification requirement, carry out face, field and put rice seedling.4. rice field dry ground finish rice shoot training cover root after, carry out first time irrigation return flow in time, the degree of depth is about 8-10 centimetre, avoids water in field to outflow, allow rice seedling root system in weak soil process naturally implantation soil in; When within 1-2 days, Soil surface water layer falls dry, carry out second time backwater and irrigate, promote that rice plant is taken root and low position tiller fast.5. rice basal fertilizer, according to normal fertilizer application norm, spreads fertilizer over the fields before dry ground pendulum seedling; For promoting paddy rice early growth and quick tiller, 6-8 days after backwater is irrigated, imposes the fertilizer of first time based on nitrogenous fertilizer; Afterwards, manage by locality conventional high-yield culturing rich water quality management measure.
embodiment 2:
On March 25th, 2014 rises, and the technology of the present invention team has carried out demonstration test at 50 mu, Na Yang town, Heng County, Nanning paddy field.
1, adopt powder ridge machinery, utilize its helix-type bit, the powder ridge farming of dry field is carried out to rice field, degree of depth 25-35 centimetre, powder ridge (increasing more than degree of depth 15-30 centimetre than current tractor rotary tillage farming 10-15 centimetre); Paddy soil behind powder ridge keeps solid carbon dioxide state.2., in rice transplanting season, to the rugged soil in top layer, rice field, powder ridge, utilize artificial or light-duty machinery to carry out whole field (surface is suitably smooth), after making face, field soil put into water, the waterflooding water layer depth is consistent.3., when rice transplanting, under dry ground condition, putting seedling or light-duty rice transplanter pendulum seedling by manually wearing footwear, according to planting density specification requirement, carrying out face, field and putting rice seedling.4. after rice field dry ground finishes rice shoot, carry out first time irrigation return flow in time, the degree of depth is about 8-10 centimetre, avoids water in field to outflow, and allows rice seedling root system naturally implant in soil in weak soil process; When within 1-2 days, Soil surface water layer falls dry, carry out second time backwater and irrigate, promote that rice plant is taken root and low position tiller fast.5. rice basal fertilizer, according to normal fertilizer application norm, spreads fertilizer over the fields before dry ground pendulum seedling; For promoting paddy rice early growth and quick tiller, 6-8 days after backwater is irrigated, imposes the fertilizer of first time based on nitrogenous fertilizer; Afterwards, manage by locality conventional high-yield culturing rich water quality management measure; 6, imposing 8 kilograms, urea when turning green, imposing 45% composite fertilizer 10 kilograms at rice earing stage, control group uses 10 kilograms and 15 kilograms.7, after rice striking root, Chemical Control of Harmful Insects is carried out to rice hoppers, rice leaf roller and striped rice borer, disease chemical control is carried out to rice blast, banded sclerotial blight.8, second rice crop cultivates technology: this rice field within 1 year, can cultivate 3 season rice, when second and third season rice, no longer plough or plough shallowly, plough shallowly when next year planting again one time, the degree of depth is below 5cm, and the rice root staying depth of soils must not routed up, as oxygen channel after allowing it rot.
embodiment 3:
On March 25th, 2013 rises, and the technology of the present invention team has carried out demonstration test at 50 mu, Na Yang town, Heng County, Nanning paddy field.
1, adopt powder ridge machinery, utilize its helix-type bit, the powder ridge farming of dry field is carried out to rice field, degree of depth 25-35 centimetre, powder ridge (increasing more than degree of depth 15-30 centimetre than current tractor rotary tillage farming 10-15 centimetre); Paddy soil behind powder ridge keeps solid carbon dioxide state, powder ridge is carried out with fertilising simultaneously, powder ridge adopts augers machinery to bury vertical drill soil, bury turnery degree of depth 25-50 centimetre, allows fertilizer it evenly be incorporated in soil by powder ridge machine augers, and powder ridge is not dug after boring soil or digged, 2. in rice transplanting season, to the rugged soil in top layer, rice field, powder ridge, utilize artificial or light-duty machinery to carry out whole field, after making face, field soil put into water, the waterflooding water layer depth is consistent.3., when rice transplanting, under dry ground condition, putting seedling or light-duty rice transplanter pendulum seedling by manually wearing footwear, according to planting density specification requirement, carrying out face, field and putting rice seedling.4. after rice field dry ground finishes rice shoot, carry out first time irrigation return flow in time, the degree of depth is about 8-10 centimetre, avoids water in field to outflow, and allows rice seedling root system naturally implant in soil in weak soil process; When within 1-2 days, Soil surface water layer falls dry, carry out second time backwater and irrigate, promote that rice plant is taken root and low position tiller fast.5. rice basal fertilizer, according to normal fertilizer application norm, spreads fertilizer over the fields before dry ground pendulum seedling; For promoting paddy rice early growth and quick tiller, 6-8 days after backwater is irrigated, imposes the fertilizer of first time based on nitrogenous fertilizer; Afterwards, manage by locality conventional high-yield culturing rich water quality management measure.
Carried out output survey product and corresponding index test to the paddy rice of 2013 and 2014, in adjacent two pieces of paddy fields, fertilizing management is identical; Experimental group uses Rice Powder ridge dry ground pendulum seedling ecological cultivation method; Control group adopts traditional hydroponics, process through whole field, soaked field, turn over, rake, having under water layer condition, adopting artificial rice transplanting rice cultivation.
As can be seen from the above table, the paddy rice of Rice Powder ridge dry ground pendulum seedling ecological cultivation method plantation is used to continue volume increase at 2013-2014, obvious relative to control group effect of increasing production.Meanwhile, carry out detection show the indices of paddy rice: rice head rice rate improves 6.85%, chalky grain rate reduces by 20%, is upgraded to one-level by secondary; Chalkiness degree declines 46.21%; Protein improves 13.12%, is upgraded to secondary by three grades, and peasant household's net profit improves 18.55%.
As can be seen here, the present inventor Wei Benhui researcher is for the further stable yields volume increase of paddy rice, the Rice Powder ridge dry ground pendulum seedling ecological cultivation method of exploitation is when rice transplanting, under dry ground condition, seedling or light-duty rice transplanter pendulum seedling is put by manually wearing footwear, according to planting density specification requirement, carry out face, field and put rice seedling.Prior art can be overcome to discharge water in advance soaked field, the operation of bull pine soil, also overcome trick to be stained with mud, time-consuming paddy rice traditional cultivation form, the primary nutrient of soil can be utilized can to have additional supply of to paddy growth, a large amount of dissolved oxygen and a large amount of water storage of water storage function in the space of the primary formation of soil, realize to utilize natural rainfall, man-made irrigation is auxiliary water management, and maximize with dissolved oxygen amount in soil with alternation of wetting and drying management, auxiliary appropriate applying fertilizer etc., promote that rice root is flourishing, robust plant, improve photosynthetic efficiency, reach saving of labor, joint is thrown (money) and obtains the object of higher yield and better quality, serve the function continuing volume increase, in rice cultivation field important in inhibiting and promotional value.
Claims (4)
1. Rice Powder ridge dry ground pendulum seedling ecological cultivation method, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) adopt powder ridge machinery, utilize its helix-type bit, carry out the powder ridge farming of dry field to rice field, powder ridge degree of depth 25-35 centimetre, the paddy soil behind powder ridge keeps solid carbon dioxide state;
(2) in rice transplanting season, to the rugged soil in dry ground top layer, rice field, powder ridge, utilize artificial or light-duty machinery to carry out whole field, make soil waterflooding water layer depth after putting into water in face, field basically identical;
(3) when rice transplanting, under dry ground condition, putting seedling, light duty transplant rice seedlings machine or rice transplanter pendulum seedling by manually wearing footwear, requiring specification according to different cultivars, different managerial skills planting density, putting rice seedling in face, dry ground field;
(4) after rice field dry ground finishes rice shoot, carry out first time irrigation return flow in time, the degree of depth is 8-10 centimetre, avoids the water in rice field, soil, fertile outflow, allows rice seedling root system naturally implant in soil in weak soil process; After 1-2 days when Soil surface water layer falls dry, carry out second time backwater and irrigate, promote that rice plant is taken root and low position tiller fast;
(5) rice basal fertilizer, discharges according to arm's length standard, spreads fertilizer over the fields before dry ground pendulum seedling; For promoting paddy rice early growth and quick tiller, 6-8 days after backwater is irrigated, imposes the fertilizer of first time based on nitrogenous fertilizer; Afterwards, manage by locality conventional high-yield culturing rich water quality management measure.
2. Rice Powder ridge according to claim 1 dry ground pendulum seedling ecological cultivation method, is characterized in that: the rice seedling that the described rice shoot put adopts industrial sprout cultivation plastic tray to be bred as, or at the seedling with soil that rice shoot field shovels out.
3. Rice Powder ridge according to claim 1 dry ground pendulum seedling ecological cultivation method, it is characterized in that: time described light-duty machinery carries out smooth whole field, suitably can open ditch according to one fixed width, rice shoot is placed in ditch, is beneficial to the row of filling.
4. Rice Powder ridge according to claim 1 dry ground pendulum seedling ecological cultivation method, it is characterized in that: described Rice Powder ridge dry ground pendulum seedling ecological cultivation method can carry out with fertilising on powder ridge simultaneously, powder ridge adopts augers machinery to bury vertical drill soil, bury turnery degree of depth 25-35 centimetre, allows fertilizer it evenly be incorporated in soil by powder ridge machine augers, and powder ridge is not dug after boring soil or digged, simultaneously, can not harrow a field, keep bottom solum non-rising, do not stir; Keep paddy soil dry ground state; By backwater weak soil after powder ridge, above-mentioned dry field, dry ground pendulum seedling, allow rice shoot root system naturally implant in soil in weak soil process, keep paddy soil soil layer not disorderly, be " spongy ", be beneficial to the environmental state that rice root fully absorbs oxygen, moisture, nutrient.
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| CN108551794A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-09-21 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | The method that powdery ridge reparation purifies paddy soil residual harmful substance |
| CN108934859A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-07 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | The disposable rhizosphere positioning of rice lures the profound fertilising yield-increasing cultivation method of root |
| CN109348751A (en) * | 2018-12-08 | 2019-02-19 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Rice field bottom powdery ridge hack farming and ecological cultivation method |
| CN111136098A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-05-12 | 广西粉垄科技发展有限公司 | Soil pollution remediation and soil fertility fertilizing method based on ridge powder cultivation |
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| CN111136098A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-05-12 | 广西粉垄科技发展有限公司 | Soil pollution remediation and soil fertility fertilizing method based on ridge powder cultivation |
| CN111136098B (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2022-03-04 | 广西粉垄科技发展有限公司 | Soil pollution remediation and soil fertility fertilizing method based on ridge powder cultivation |
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