CN104752746A - Multi-combination independent alcohol-water hydrogen generation fuel cell car - Google Patents
Multi-combination independent alcohol-water hydrogen generation fuel cell car Download PDFInfo
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- CN104752746A CN104752746A CN201510156668.XA CN201510156668A CN104752746A CN 104752746 A CN104752746 A CN 104752746A CN 201510156668 A CN201510156668 A CN 201510156668A CN 104752746 A CN104752746 A CN 104752746A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-combination independent alcohol-water hydrogen generation fuel cell car. The multi-combination independent alcohol-water hydrogen generation fuel cell car comprises a methanol water storage vessel, at least two groups of methanol water reforming hydrogen generation and power generation modules, a car motor and at least two conveying pumps, wherein the methanol water reforming hydrogen generation and power generation modules are integrated with a reforming device and a fuel cell, a reforming chamber and a hydrogen purifying device are arranged in the reforming device, the temperature in the reforming chamber is 300 to 570 DEG C, methanol and water have the reforming hydrogen generation reaction in the reforming chamber to prepare hydrogen-containing gas, the hydrogen-containing gas is purified by the hydrogen purifying device to obtain hydrogen, and obtained hydrogen is supplied to the fuel cell; the fuel cell is used for generating electric power which is used for powering the car motor; the car motor is used for driving a car axle to rotate so as to enable a car to run. According to the invention, the speed for converting methanol and water raw materials into hydrogen is high, the methanol conversion efficiency is high, the utilization rate of methanol is high, and the hydrogen-containing gas is easy to purify; the reforming device is easy to start, the stability is good, the vibration quantity is small, parameters such as the hydrogen generation temperature are sensitive to control, the safety is high, and the reliability is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric vehicle engineering field, particularly one many combined independents alcohol water hydrogen-generating fuel cell automobile.
Background technology
At present, most automobile all with gasoline, diesel oil for fuel, not only consume a large amount of petroleum resources, and vehicle exhaust causes serious air pollution.For tackling this resource problem and environmental problem, the exploitation of electric automobile becomes extremely important.Electric automobile refers to vehicle power to be power, drives the vehicle of wheels travel with motor.Electric automobile comprises pure electric automobile, hybrid vehicle and fuel cell car.In the prior art, fuel cell car refers to and is equipped with the electric automobile of fuel cell as the power supply of acquisition actuating force.Fuel cell, in power generation process, needs hydrogen as electrochemical reaction material.In the prior art, the hydrogen that fuel cell uses derives from hydrogen load bearing equipment or hydrogen producer.
The fuel cell car of carrying hydrogen, carries hydrogen by hydrogen is filled in the medium method of high-pressure gas cylinder with Compressed Gas.So carry the fuel cell car of hydrogen, because the fuel gas of the electrode supplying fuel cell is the hydrogen that purity is very high, therefore, when operating fuel cell, very high generating efficiency can be obtained, and make fuel cell car various courses of reaction carried out in the process of moving not produce harmful substance.But, the fuel cell car of carrying hydrogen, it is very difficult to fill hydrogen, and transport and to store a large amount of hydrogen then more difficult.
Patent of invention 200580010256.X discloses a kind of electric automobile, this electric automobile has the fuel cell being undertaken by supply hydrogen and oxidant generating electricity, the hydrogen producing apparatus manufacturing the hydrogen-containing gas for supplying described fuel cell and the electricity produced by described fuel cell carry out the motor driven, described hydrogen producing apparatus decomposes containing organic fuel to manufacture the device of hydrogen-containing gas, described hydrogen producing apparatus has: barrier film, the fuel electrodes that a face of barrier film is arranged, the device of organic substance (such as methyl alcohol) and water fuel is contained to fuel electrodes supply, the oxidation pole that the another side of barrier film is arranged, to the device of oxidation pole supply oxidant, hydrogen-containing gas is produced and the device of deriving by fuel electrodes side.Particularly, described hydrogen producing apparatus, at the temperature of 30-90 DEG C, produces hydrogen-containing gas by the fuel electrodes side of supply first alcohol and water.Not manufacturing the situation of battery supply of electrical energy externally to hydrogen, the gas of 70-80% hydrogen concentration can be produced; Manufacturing externally to hydrogen the situation that battery applies electric energy, the gas of the hydrogen concentration being more than or equal to 80% can be produced.And the generation of this gas depends on open circuit voltage or the operation voltage at the two poles of the earth.But also there is following disappearance in the hydrogen producing apparatus of above-mentioned electric automobile:
(1) because hydrogen producing apparatus is that decomposition contains the fuel of organic substance (such as methyl alcohol) to manufacture the device of hydrogen-containing gas at the temperature of 30-90 DEG C, and rely on oxidation pole and fuel electrodes to produce hydrogen, therefore, the speed that organic substance is converted into hydrogen is slower, and, the efficiency that organic substance is converted into hydrogen is in fact not high, on the low side to organic utilance;
(2) hydrogen producing apparatus produce hydrogen-containing gas at a lower temperature purifying be the inefficiency of high-purity hydrogen, with high costs, need larger volume purification devices to exchange the normal supply of high-purity hydrogen for, be unfavorable for hydrogen producing apparatus miniaturization;
(3) electric automobile disclosed in above-mentioned patent, no matter quantity of fuel cells is how many, all adopt single hydrogen producing apparatus to be fuel cell supply of hydrogen, like this, its problem produced is: 1. the volume of hydrogen producing apparatus and hydrogen manufacturing amount larger, volume and hydrogen manufacturing amount larger, be more difficult to start running; 2. volume and the larger hydrogen producing apparatus less stable of hydrogen manufacturing amount, vibratory output are larger; 3. volume and the larger hydrogen producing apparatus of hydrogen manufacturing amount, the aspect state modulator such as hydrogen manufacturing temperature, gas flow and air pressure are sensitive not; 4. single hydrogen producing apparatus fail safe is low, when this hydrogen producing apparatus breaks down, and electric automobile and at a standstill; 5., when single hydrogen producing apparatus hydrogen manufacturing amount is inadequate, be difficult to promote its hydrogen manufacturing amount, and when hydrogen manufacturing amount is excessive, be difficult to again reduce its hydrogen manufacturing amount.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is for above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, a kind of many combined independents alcohol water hydrogen-generating fuel cell automobile is provided, the methanol-water feedstock conversion of this fuel cell car is that the speed of hydrogen is fast, methanol conversion efficiency and utilance is high, hydrogen-containing gas purifying is easy, and, the reformer of this fuel cell car starts easily, good stability, vibratory output are little, and the aspect state modulator such as hydrogen manufacturing temperature, gas flow and air pressure are sensitive, and fail safe is high, reliability is strong.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of many combined independents alcohol water hydrogen-generating fuel cell automobile, comprise methanol-water reservoir vessel, at least two group methanol-water reformation hydrogen productions and power generation module group, automobile motor and at least two delivery pumps, the quantity of described methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group and delivery pump matches, wherein:
Store liquid first alcohol and water raw material in described methanol-water reservoir vessel, described delivery pump is used for the first alcohol and water feedstock transportation in methanol-water reservoir vessel to the reformer of methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group;
Methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group, it is integrated with reformer and fuel cell, reformer chamber and hydrogen purification apparatus is provided with in described reformer, the temperature of reformer chamber is 300-570 DEG C of temperature, reformer chamber is provided with catalyst, first alcohol and water is at the obtained hydrogen-containing gas of reformation hydrogen production reaction of reformer chamber generation first alcohol and water, reformer chamber is connected by connecting line with hydrogen purification apparatus, the all or part of of connecting line is arranged at reformer chamber, and the high temperature by reformer chamber continues the gas that heating exports from reformer chamber; Described connecting line, as the buffering between reformer chamber and hydrogen purification apparatus, makes the temperature of the gas exported from reformer chamber identical with the temperature of hydrogen purification apparatus or close, obtains hydrogen, be supplied to fuel cell from the aerogenesis end of hydrogen purification apparatus; Described fuel cell is used for hydrogen and oxygen generation electrochemical reaction produces electric energy, for automobile motor is powered;
Automobile motor, makes running car for axle shaft rotates.
As a kind of optimal way of the present invention, described methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group are also integrated with heat exchanger, described heat exchanger is installed on the conveyance conduit between delivery pump and reformer, the first alcohol and water raw material of low temperature is in heat exchanger, the high-temperature gas exported with reformer chamber carries out heat exchange, and methyl alcohol and coolant-temperature gage raise, vaporization; Described reformer is provided with electric heater, and this electric heater is by fuel cell-powered, and this electric heater provides 300-570 DEG C of temperature for reformer chamber; The hydrogen of the aerogenesis end output of described hydrogen purification apparatus, after heat exchanger, temperature reduces, then is supplied to fuel cell.
Further, be also provided with compensation vapourizing unit between described heat exchanger and reformer, this compensation vapourizing unit is provided with electric heater, and described first alcohol and water raw material can be vaporized further after compensating vapourizing unit; The electric energy that described fuel cell produces is also for the electric heater compensating vapourizing unit is powered.
As another kind of optimal way of the present invention, described methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group are also integrated with heat exchanger and vaporizer, described methanol-water raw material enters vaporizer vaporization in heat exchanger after heat exchange, methanol steam after vaporization and water vapour enter reformer chamber, reformer chamber bottom and middle portion temperature are 300-420 DEG C, and the temperature on reformer chamber top is 400-570 DEG C; The all or part of top being arranged at reformer chamber of the connecting line between described reformer chamber and hydrogen purification apparatus.
Further, described reformer one end is provided with starting drive, and this starting drive comprises cup, cup is provided with raw material input channel, heating and gasifying pipeline, igniter and temperature detection device; Described raw material input channel can input first alcohol and water raw material, and raw material input channel is connected with heating and gasifying pipeline, and first alcohol and water raw material enters after heating and gasifying pipeline through raw material input channel, exports from the end of heating and gasifying pipeline; The position of described igniter is corresponding with the end of heating and gasifying pipeline, for lighting a fire to the first alcohol and water raw material exported in heating and gasifying pipeline, first alcohol and water raw material is through ignition device after-combustion, can heat heating and gasifying pipeline, make heating and gasifying ducted first alcohol and water material gasification and strengthen rapidly combustion intensity, and then being reformer heating; Described temperature detection device is for detecting the other temperature of heating and gasifying pipeline; After described reformer starts hydrogen manufacturing, the hydrogen partial that reformer is obtained is or/and residual air is run by burning maintenance reformer.
Further again, described cup comprises the liquid containing portion above installation portion and installation portion, described raw material input channel, heating and gasifying pipeline, igniter and temperature detection device are all installed on the installation portion of cup, described liquid containing portion can hold the first alcohol and water raw material exported from heating and gasifying pipe end, and described liquid containing portion upper end is also provided with liquid Splashproof cover.Described heating and gasifying pipeline comprises straight-through pipeline section, pigtail and upper arch pipeline section successively, and described first alcohol and water raw material after straight-through pipeline section rises to extreme higher position, then can decline through pigtail spiral, then exports after upper arch pipeline section; The bottom side of described cup is provided with air intake cover plate, and this air intake cover plate is provided with air channel, and outside air can enter in reformer through this air channel; Described raw material input channel is provided with electromagnetically operated valve, opens or closes to control raw material input channel.
In technique scheme, described hydrogen purification apparatus is membrane separation device, and this membrane separation device is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, and film plating layer is palladium-silver, the mass percent palladium of palladium-silver accounts for 75%-78%, and silver accounts for 22%-25%.
In technique scheme, described fuel cell car also comprises AC/DC changeover switch and buffer battery, described AC/DC changeover switch is connected to the current output terminal of fuel cell, and the direct current for exporting fuel cell carries out DC/DC voltage transition or DC/AC changes; The charging end of described buffer battery connects AC/DC changeover switch, and this buffer battery can be automobile motor and powers.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the methanol-water reformation hydrogen production equipment of one, fuel cell car of the present invention adopts the mode of reformer reformation hydrogen production at the temperature of 300-570 DEG C and under catalyst action, its hydrogen manufacturing speed and efficiency far decompose speed and the efficiency of methyl alcohol higher than hydrogen producer in prior art at the temperature of 30-90 DEG C, methanol-water feedstock conversion efficiency and utilance high; Two, because hydrogen purification apparatus is arranged in the separation chamber of reformer chamber, the temperature of hydrogen purification apparatus is identical with reformer chamber temperature or close, therefore, hydrogen purification efficiency can be significantly improved and reduce hydrogen purification difficulty, vacate the space that hydrogen purification apparatus takies simultaneously, make methanol-water reformation hydrogen production device miniaturization develop, reduce costs; Three, the present invention includes at least two group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group, each group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group are stand alone type work running; Often group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group are all integrated with reformer and fuel cell, therefore, volume and the hydrogen manufacturing amount of often organizing the reformer of methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group are relatively little, easy startup running, good stability, vibratory output are little, and the aspect state modulator such as hydrogen manufacturing temperature, gas flow and air pressure are sensitive; Meanwhile, when the reformer of any one group of methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group breaks down, reformers of other group methanol-water reformation hydrogen productions and power generation module group still can normally run, and thus fail safe is high, reliability is strong.In addition, when the overall hydrogen manufacturing amount of fuel cell car and energy output excessive time, by closing a part of methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group to reduce hydrogen manufacturing amount and energy output, and the overall hydrogen manufacturing amount of fuel cell car and energy output too small time, be in the methanol-water reformation hydrogen production of holding state and power generation module group to increase hydrogen manufacturing amount and energy output by starting a part again.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is overall structure block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is methanol-water reformation hydrogen production of the present invention and power generation module group structure block diagram.
Fig. 3 is the structure block diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the reformer dispersed structure schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of reformer starting drive in Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the cup holder portion structural representation of reformer starting drive in Fig. 4.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, structural principle of the present invention and operation principle are described in further detail.
Embodiment one:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of many combined independents alcohol water hydrogen-generating fuel cell automobile, comprise methanol-water reservoir vessel 1, at least two group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group 2, automobile motor 3 and at least two delivery pumps 4, described methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group 2 match with the quantity of delivery pump 4, wherein:
Store liquid first alcohol and water raw material in described methanol-water reservoir vessel 1, described delivery pump 4 for by the first alcohol and water feedstock transportation in methanol-water reservoir vessel 1 to the reformer 21 of methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group 2;
Methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group 2, it is integrated with reformer 21 and fuel cell 22, be provided with reformer chamber 211(in described reformer 21 to combine with reference to Fig. 3) and hydrogen purification apparatus 212, temperature in reformer chamber 211 is 300-570 DEG C of temperature, catalyst is provided with in reformer chamber 211, in reformer chamber, methyl alcohol and steam pass through catalyst under the pressure condition of 1-5M Pa, under the effect of catalyst, there is the transformationreation of methanol decomposition reaction and carbon monoxide, generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide, this is component more than, the gas solid catalytic reaction system of many reactions, reactional equation is: (1) CH
3oH → CO+2H
2, (2) H
2o+CO → CO
2+ H
2, (3) CH
3oH+H
2o → CO
2+ 3H
2, the H that reforming reaction generates
2and CO
2, reformer chamber 211 is connected by connecting line with hydrogen purification apparatus 212, and all or part of of connecting line is arranged in reformer chamber 211, continues the gas of heating from reformer chamber 211 output by the high temperature in reformer chamber 211, described connecting line is as the buffering between reformer chamber 211 and hydrogen purification apparatus 212, make the temperature of the gas exported from reformer chamber 211 identical with the temperature of hydrogen purification apparatus 212 or close, obtain hydrogen from the aerogenesis end of hydrogen purification apparatus 212, be supplied to fuel cell 22, described fuel cell 22 produces electric energy for hydrogen and oxygen generation electrochemical reaction, for automobile motor 3 is powered, in fuel cell 22, and the oxygen generation electrochemical reaction in hydrogen and air, the anode at fuel cell 22: 2H
2→ 4H
++ 4e
-, H
2split into two protons and two electronics, proton is through proton exchange membrane (PEM), and electronics, by positive plate, by external loading, and enters cathode bipolar plate, negative electrode at fuel cell 22: O
2+ 4e
-+ 4H
+→ 2H
2o, proton, electronics and O
2recombine to form H
2o,
Automobile motor 3, makes running car for axle shaft rotates; Operationally, the torque of generation is first conducted to axletree by gear automobile motor, then makes running car by axletree.
As shown in Figure 3, in conjunction with reference to figure 1, Fig. 2, described methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group 2 are also integrated with heat exchanger 23, described heat exchanger 23 is installed on the conveyance conduit between delivery pump 4 and reformer 21, the first alcohol and water raw material of low temperature is in heat exchanger 23, the high-temperature gas exported with reformer chamber 211 carries out heat exchange, and methyl alcohol and coolant-temperature gage raise, vaporization; Described reformer 21 is provided with electric heater 213, and this electric heater 213 is powered by fuel cell 22, and this electric heater 213 provides 300-570 DEG C of temperature for reformer chamber 211; The hydrogen of the aerogenesis end output of described hydrogen purification apparatus 212, after heat exchanger 23, temperature reduces, then is supplied to fuel cell 22.It should be noted that electric heater 213 is also the starting drive of reformer 21 simultaneously, when reformer starts, first utilize electric heater 213 to heat.
As shown in Figure 3, be also provided with between described heat exchanger 23 and reformer 21 and compensate vapourizing unit 24, this compensation vapourizing unit 24 is provided with electric heater 241, and described first alcohol and water raw material can be vaporized further after compensating vapourizing unit 24; The electric energy that described fuel cell 22 produces is also for the electric heater 241 compensating vapourizing unit 24 is powered.
Embodiment two:
Embodiment two is similarly a kind of many combined independents alcohol water hydrogen-generating fuel cell automobile, comprise methanol-water reservoir vessel 1, at least two group methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group 2, automobile motor 3 and at least two delivery pumps 4 equally, and methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group 2 match with the quantity of delivery pump 4.With the main distinction of embodiment one, embodiment two is that described methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group 2 are also integrated with heat exchanger and vaporizer, described methanol-water raw material enters vaporizer vaporization in heat exchanger after heat exchange, methanol steam after vaporization and water vapour enter reformer chamber, reformer chamber bottom and middle portion temperature are 300-420 DEG C, and the temperature on reformer chamber top is 400-570 DEG C; The all or part of top being arranged at reformer chamber of the connecting line between described reformer chamber and hydrogen purification apparatus.
Further, as Figure 4-Figure 6, described reformer 21 one end is provided with starting drive 5, and this starting drive 5 comprises cup 51, cup 51 is provided with raw material input channel 52, heating and gasifying pipeline 53, igniter 54 and temperature detection device 55; Described raw material input channel 52 can input first alcohol and water raw material, and raw material input channel 52 is connected with heating and gasifying pipeline 53, and first alcohol and water raw material enters after heating and gasifying pipeline 53 through raw material input channel 52, exports from the end of heating and gasifying pipeline 53; The position of described igniter 54 is corresponding with the end of heating and gasifying pipeline 53, for lighting a fire to the first alcohol and water raw material exported in heating and gasifying pipeline 53, first alcohol and water raw material is through igniter 54 ignition, combustion, can heat heating and gasifying pipeline 53, make the first alcohol and water material gasification in heating and gasifying pipeline 53 and strengthen rapidly combustion intensity, and then heating for reformer 21; Described temperature detection device 55 is for detecting the other temperature of heating and gasifying pipeline 53; After described reformer 21 starts hydrogen manufacturing, the hydrogen partial that reformer 21 is obtained is or/and residual air is run by burning maintenance reformer 21.Reformer 21 utilizes starting drive 5 to heat for reformer 21 just, just makes reformer 21 start, and then reforming reaction occurs, and start-up time can complete in 5 minutes, and very fast, after having started, starting drive 5 cuts out.
As Figure 4-Figure 6, described cup 51 comprises the liquid containing portion 512 above installation portion 511 and installation portion, described raw material input channel 52, heating and gasifying pipeline 53, igniter 54 and temperature detection device 55 are all installed on the installation portion 511 of cup, described liquid containing portion 512 can hold the first alcohol and water raw material exported from heating and gasifying pipeline 53 end, and described liquid containing portion 512 upper end is also provided with liquid Splashproof cover 513.After raw material input channel 52 inputs first alcohol and water raw material, when heating and gasifying pipeline 53 exports, unnecessary first alcohol and water raw material can be contained in the liquid containing portion 512 of cup, certainly, after first alcohol and water raw material burns rapidly, the first alcohol and water raw material in liquid containing portion 512 also can gasification, and combustion.Described liquid Splashproof cover 513 can prevent the first alcohol and water raw material splashes when gasification, and combustion in liquid containing portion 512.Described heating and gasifying pipeline 53 comprises straight-through pipeline section 531, pigtail 532 and upper arch pipeline section 533 successively, described first alcohol and water raw material can after straight-through pipeline section 531 rises to extreme higher position, decline through pigtail 532 spiral again, then export after upper arch pipeline section 533.Like this, when starting drive 5 is started working, first alcohol and water raw material enters heating and gasifying pipeline 53, and first alcohol and water raw material is under the effect of upper arch pipeline section 533, first alcohol and water raw material can ooze, so that igniter is lighted a fire from the end of upper arch pipeline section 533 in the mode of drippage; After lighting a fire successfully, because the entire length of pigtail 532 is long, heating surface area is large, and therefore, the first alcohol and water raw material in pigtail 532 can fully by thermal evaporation.
As Figure 4-Figure 6, the bottom side of described cup 51 is provided with air intake cover plate 56, this air intake cover plate is provided with air channel 561, outside air can enter in reformer 21 through this air channel, the outside air entered from this air channel 561 can be starting drive 5 provides oxygen, also can be reformer 21 and oxygen is provided, for improving air inlet, fan (not shown) can be increased outside air channel 561; Described raw material input channel 52 is provided with electromagnetically operated valve, opens or closes to control raw material input channel 52.Described igniter can adopt resistant to elevated temperatures igniter on market, such as electronic type pulse type ignitor etc.
In the above-described embodiments, described hydrogen purification apparatus is membrane separation device, this membrane separation device is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, film plating layer is palladium-silver, the mass percent palladium of palladium-silver accounts for 75%-78%, silver accounts for 22%-25%, the manufacturing process of membrane separation device 14 can refer to the patent of invention 201210563913.5 that the applicant Shanghai Hejide Dynamic Hydrogen Machine Co., Ltd. applied on December 21st, 2012, membrane separator of methanol-water hydrogen producer and preparation method thereof.
In the above-described embodiments, as shown in figures 1 and 3, described fuel cell car also comprises AC/DC changeover switch 6 and buffer battery 7, described AC/DC changeover switch 6 is connected to the current output terminal of fuel cell 22, and the direct current for exporting fuel cell 22 carries out DC/DC voltage transition or DC/AC changes; The charging end of described buffer battery 7 connects AC/DC changeover switch 6, and this buffer battery 7 can be automobile motor 3 and powers.By using the control device of fuel cell car, according to the charge capacity of the load buffer storage battery of automobile motor, the electricity that fuel cell is sent supply automobile motor and buffer battery.Specifically, such as when accelerate time etc., time automobile motor load is large, to automobile motor supply from fuel cell and buffering battery electricity, or slow down, braking time etc. in situation, a part for the electricity produced by fuel cell is buffer battery charging.In addition, the equipment such as this buffer battery is raw material conveying device when automobile starting, the electric heater of the electric heater of reformer, compensation vapourizing unit are powered, when after automobile starting, then buffer battery stops powering to the electric heater of raw material conveying device, reformer, the equipment such as electric heater that compensates vapourizing unit, and is powered by fuel cell 22.
The above is only better embodiment of the present invention, every above execution mode is done according to technical scheme of the present invention any trickle amendment, equivalent variations and modification, all belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. more than combined independent alcohol water hydrogen-generating fuel cell automobile, it is characterized in that: comprise methanol-water reservoir vessel, at least two group methanol-water reformation hydrogen productions and power generation module group, automobile motor and at least two delivery pumps, the quantity of described methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group and delivery pump matches, wherein:
Store liquid first alcohol and water raw material in described methanol-water reservoir vessel, described delivery pump is used for the first alcohol and water feedstock transportation in methanol-water reservoir vessel to the reformer of methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group;
Methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group, it is integrated with reformer and fuel cell, reformer chamber and hydrogen purification apparatus is provided with in described reformer, the temperature of reformer chamber is 300-570 DEG C of temperature, reformer chamber is provided with catalyst, first alcohol and water is at the obtained hydrogen-containing gas of reformation hydrogen production reaction of reformer chamber generation first alcohol and water, reformer chamber is connected by connecting line with hydrogen purification apparatus, the all or part of of connecting line is arranged at reformer chamber, and the high temperature by reformer chamber continues the gas that heating exports from reformer chamber; Described connecting line, as the buffering between reformer chamber and hydrogen purification apparatus, makes the temperature of the gas exported from reformer chamber identical with the temperature of hydrogen purification apparatus or close, obtains hydrogen, be supplied to fuel cell from the aerogenesis end of hydrogen purification apparatus; Described fuel cell is used for hydrogen and oxygen generation electrochemical reaction produces electric energy, for automobile motor is powered;
Automobile motor, makes running car for axle shaft rotates.
2. many combined independents alcohol water hydrogen-generating fuel cell automobile according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group are also integrated with heat exchanger, described heat exchanger is installed on the conveyance conduit between delivery pump and reformer, the first alcohol and water raw material of low temperature is in heat exchanger, the high-temperature gas exported with reformer chamber carries out heat exchange, and methyl alcohol and coolant-temperature gage raise, vaporization; Described reformer is provided with electric heater, and this electric heater is by fuel cell-powered, and this electric heater provides 300-570 DEG C of temperature for reformer chamber; The hydrogen of the aerogenesis end output of described hydrogen purification apparatus, after heat exchanger, temperature reduces, then is supplied to fuel cell.
3. many combined independents alcohol water hydrogen-generating fuel cell automobile according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: between described heat exchanger and reformer, be also provided with compensation vapourizing unit, this compensation vapourizing unit is provided with electric heater, and described first alcohol and water raw material can be vaporized further after compensating vapourizing unit; The electric energy that described fuel cell produces is also for the electric heater compensating vapourizing unit is powered.
4. many combined independents alcohol water hydrogen-generating fuel cell automobile according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described methanol-water reformation hydrogen production and power generation module group are also integrated with heat exchanger and vaporizer, described methanol-water raw material enters vaporizer vaporization in heat exchanger after heat exchange, methanol steam after vaporization and water vapour enter reformer chamber, reformer chamber bottom and middle portion temperature are 300-420 DEG C, and the temperature on reformer chamber top is 400-570 DEG C; The all or part of top being arranged at reformer chamber of the connecting line between described reformer chamber and hydrogen purification apparatus.
5. many combined independents alcohol water hydrogen-generating fuel cell automobile according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described reformer one end is provided with starting drive, this starting drive comprises cup, cup is provided with raw material input channel, heating and gasifying pipeline, igniter and temperature detection device; Described raw material input channel can input first alcohol and water raw material, and raw material input channel is connected with heating and gasifying pipeline, and first alcohol and water raw material enters after heating and gasifying pipeline through raw material input channel, exports from the end of heating and gasifying pipeline; The position of described igniter is corresponding with the end of heating and gasifying pipeline, for lighting a fire to the first alcohol and water raw material exported in heating and gasifying pipeline, first alcohol and water raw material is through ignition device after-combustion, can heat heating and gasifying pipeline, make heating and gasifying ducted first alcohol and water material gasification and strengthen rapidly combustion intensity, and then being reformer heating; Described temperature detection device is for detecting the other temperature of heating and gasifying pipeline; After described reformer starts hydrogen manufacturing, the hydrogen partial that reformer is obtained is or/and residual air is run by burning maintenance reformer.
6. many combined independents alcohol water hydrogen-generating fuel cell automobile according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described cup comprises the liquid containing portion above installation portion and installation portion, described raw material input channel, heating and gasifying pipeline, igniter and temperature detection device are all installed on the installation portion of cup, described liquid containing portion can hold the first alcohol and water raw material exported from heating and gasifying pipe end, and described liquid containing portion upper end is also provided with liquid Splashproof cover.
7. many combined independents alcohol water hydrogen-generating fuel cell automobile according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described heating and gasifying pipeline comprises straight-through pipeline section, pigtail and upper arch pipeline section successively, described first alcohol and water raw material can after straight-through pipeline section rises to extreme higher position, decline through pigtail spiral again, then export after upper arch pipeline section; The bottom side of described cup is provided with air intake cover plate, and this air intake cover plate is provided with air channel, and outside air can enter in reformer through this air channel; Described raw material input channel is provided with electromagnetically operated valve, opens or closes to control raw material input channel.
8. according to the many combined independents alcohol water hydrogen-generating fuel cell automobile in claim 1-7 described in any one, it is characterized in that: described hydrogen purification apparatus is membrane separation device, this membrane separation device is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, film plating layer is palladium-silver, the mass percent palladium of palladium-silver accounts for 75%-78%, and silver accounts for 22%-25%.
9. according to the many combined independents alcohol water hydrogen-generating fuel cell automobile in claim 1-7 described in any one, it is characterized in that: described fuel cell car also comprises AC/DC changeover switch and buffer battery, described AC/DC changeover switch is connected to the current output terminal of fuel cell, and the direct current for exporting fuel cell carries out DC/DC voltage transition or DC/AC changes; The charging end of described buffer battery connects AC/DC changeover switch, and this buffer battery can be automobile motor and powers.
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