CN104749617B - A kind of multi-scale facture reservoir forward method for establishing model - Google Patents
A kind of multi-scale facture reservoir forward method for establishing model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to exploration geophysics data processing method field, a kind of multi-scale facture reservoir forward method for establishing model is especially related to.The horizontal non-homogeneous model towards advantage reservoir is set up first with the interval velocity data based on seismic velocity spectrum, p-wave impedance inverting data and lithological inversion data, secondly the geometry in crack is implemented using the earthquake detection method such as earthquake curvature or seismic coherence of different scale, well shake is combined and assigns its geophysical parameters, it is embedded into the horizontal non-homogeneous model being previously obtained, finally sets up the heterogeneous multi-scale facture reservoir model of transverse and longitudinal.The fracture reservoir model that the method is set up, take full advantage of well shake data, the true law of development and distribution characteristics for reflecting crack, fracture reservoir forward simulation is carried out to next step, recognize the wave field response feature and physical attribute feature of fracture reservoir, the precision for improving reservoir prediction provides basis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to exploration geophysics data processing method field, a kind of multi-scale facture reservoir is especially related to
Forward model method for building up.
Background technology
Slit formation hydrocarbon reservoiring is in various rocks such as mud shale, metamorphic rock and carbonate rock.Crack in itself can be with
Oil gas is preserved as reservoir space, the passage of oil-gas migration can also be turned into, be a kind of important reservoir space type.Often at present
The foundation of crack forward model typically has two ways:First, the more commonly used is anisotropy theory and the equivalent reason in crack
By.Think that thin reservoir and fracture reservoir all show as anisotropy under normal conditions.Crack mould is set up by equivalent theory
The relational expression of shape parameter and anisotropic parameters, and then theory is just being drilled using anisotropy carry out numerical simulation.This method master
Consider the characteristic parameters such as Fracture System yardstick, density, portray not fine enough for fracture spaces development models and distribution characteristics.
2nd, crack or fracture swarm Direct Modeling.The method directly sets up fractured model, wants to set up high-precision fractured model and requires
Model meshes are small, and very big requirement is proposed for calculator memory, and computation rate is very slow.Theoretical mould is primarily adapted for use at present
Type research.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is directed to the problem of prior art presence, there is provided a kind of fracture spaces development models and distribution are special
Levy and portray multi-scale facture reservoir forward method for establishing model that is fine and being easy to operation to calculate.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical measures:
A kind of multi-scale facture reservoir forward method for establishing model, including:
Step 1, is built using the interval velocity data based on seismic velocity spectrum, p-wave impedance inverting data and lithological inversion data
Horizontal non-homogeneous model from facade to advantage reservoir;
Step 2, using the earthquake curvature or seismic coherence data of different scale, the heterogeneous mould of transverse direction obtained to step 1
Type enters row constraint, sets up the heterogeneous multi-scale facture reservoir forward model of transverse and longitudinal.
Refinement scheme based on such scheme includes,
The method that step 1 is set up towards the horizontal non-homogeneous model of advantage reservoir is:First with same mesh parameter
Interval velocity data based on seismic velocity spectrum, p-wave impedance inverting data and lithological inversion data are carried out into gridding, respectively
To the interval velocity grid data based on seismic velocity spectrum, p-wave impedance inverting grid data and lithological inversion grid data;Root again
Go out the calculation relational expression of wave impedance and speed according to Gardner's formula to calculating, and p-wave impedance inverting grid number is utilized by this formula
According to being calculated inverting interval velocity grid data;Then point by point scanning is carried out to lithological inversion grid data, if the mesh point is
Advantage reservoir lithology, then assign inverting interval velocity grid data to the grid;If non-advantage reservoir lithology, then the grid is assigned
Give the interval velocity grid data based on seismic velocity spectrum, after all mesh points are all scanned and assign speed data, obtain one it is new
Grid data body, the data volume is the heterogeneous forward model of transverse direction towards advantage reservoir.
The method that step 2 sets up the heterogeneous multi-scale facture reservoir forward model of transverse and longitudinal is:Using same with step 1
Mesh parameter earthquake curvature or seismic coherence data are carried out into gridding, obtain curvature or relevant grid data;Then over the ground
Shake curvature or seismic coherence grid data carry out point by point scanning, if the mesh point is fracture reservoir, the grid is assigned and is logged well
Curve interpolation speed;If not fracture reservoir, then the heterogeneous forward model speed of transverse direction towards advantage reservoir is assigned;All nets
After lattice point is all scanned and assigns speed data, a new grid data body is obtained, the data volume is multi-scale facture reservoir
Forward model.
Such scheme is further illustrated:
The interval velocity data based on seismic velocity spectrum described in step 1 refer to folded with what is extracted in seismic velocity spectrum data
Based on acceleration, by the formation interval velocity data being calculated;
Described p-wave impedance inverting data refer to utilize geological data, and the stratum obtained with reference to log data inverting is indulged
Acoustic Impedance Data;
Described lithological inversion data are a kind of using WELL LITHOLOGY data and seismic data as constraints, by being deteriorated
Function characterizes lithology data of the lithology obtained by the geostatistical inversion of three-dimensional spatial distribution form.
Earthquake curvature data described in step 2 is based on the fracture obtained by the calculating of seismic event space second dervative
With the seismic attributes data that tomography has preferable response characteristic;
The seismic coherence data be by calculating the correlation between the adjacent seismic channel of geological data, obtain reflecting by
Seismic attributes data of the caused seismic response of construction segmentation, formation lithology change in cross directional variations.
The log interpolation speed data are the interval velocities being calculated using Sonic Logging Data, with geological model
As Lateral constrained condition, the data of reflection formation interval velocity obtained from being calculated by inverse distance weighted interpolation.
Such scheme is further included:
In the calculating process of log interpolation speed, add the crack that operator virtually builds fast using pseudo- well curve
Degree information;Described pseudo- well curve be operator based on the logging character and geological knowledge of apriority, by non-drilling well
Virtual the constructing in position can reflect the position geologic feature(It is preferred that fracture reservoir feature)Pseudo- well curve.It is preferred that crack is stored up
Layer feature is used as the position geologic feature.
The multi-scale facture reservoir forward model set up by the method, takes full advantage of well shake data, and FORWARD AND INVERSE PROBLEMS is melted
Conjunction mode, truly reflects the law of development and distribution characteristics in crack.The foundation of the forward model, crack storage is carried out to next step
Layer forward simulation, recognizes the wave field response feature and physical attribute feature of fracture reservoir, improves the precision of reservoir prediction
Provide the foundation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is lithological inversion data generalized section;
Fig. 3 is the interval velocity data generalized section based on seismic velocity spectrum;
Fig. 4 is that p-wave impedance inverting data section is calculated inverting interval velocity data section;
Fig. 5 is the horizontal non-homogeneous model schematic diagram towards advantage reservoir;
Fig. 6 is coherence data schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is log interpolation speed data generalized section;
Fig. 8 is multi-scale facture reservoir forward model schematic.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1, is described further with reference to accompanying drawing 1 to technical scheme first.
Step 1, is built using the interval velocity data based on seismic velocity spectrum, p-wave impedance inverting data and lithological inversion data
Horizontal non-homogeneous model from facade to advantage reservoir.Each data implication and specific method for building up are as described below.
Each data implication:Interval velocity data based on seismic velocity spectrum refer to the superposition to be extracted in seismic velocity spectrum data
Based on speed, by the formation interval velocity data being calculated.
P-wave impedance inverting data refer to utilize geological data, and the stratum p-wave impedance obtained with reference to log data inverting
Data.
Lithological inversion data are a kind of based on geological model, using WELL LITHOLOGY data and seismic data as constraints,
Lithology data of the lithology obtained by the geostatistical inversion of three-dimensional spatial distribution form is characterized by variogram.
Specific method for building up:In step 1, the interval velocity of seismic velocity spectrum will be based on first with same mesh parameter
Data, p-wave impedance inverting data and lithological inversion data carry out gridding, respectively obtain the interval velocity based on seismic velocity spectrum
Grid data, p-wave impedance inverting grid data and lithological inversion grid data.Further according to Gardner's formula(Density=0.31 ×
Speed1/4)Extrapolate calculation relational expression (wave impedance=0.31 × speed of wave impedance and speed5/4), and by this formula using vertical
Wave impedance inversion grid data is calculated inverting interval velocity grid data.Then pointwise is carried out to lithological inversion grid data to sweep
Retouch, if the mesh point is advantage reservoir lithology(According to different geological conditions, by operator according to lithological inversion grid data from
Row formulation standard specify what be advantage reservoir lithology what be non-advantage reservoir lithology), then inverting interval velocity net is assigned to the grid
Lattice data;If non-advantage reservoir lithology, then the interval velocity grid data based on seismic velocity spectrum is assigned to the grid.All nets
After lattice point is all scanned and assigns speed data, a new grid data body is obtained, the data volume is towards advantage reservoir
Horizontal heterogeneous forward model.
Step 2, the transverse direction towards advantage reservoir obtained to step 1 using earthquake curvature or seismic coherence data is heterogeneous
Forward model carries out crack description, and fracture assigns log interpolation speed data to set up multi-scale facture reservoir forward
Model.Each data implication and specific method for building up are as described below.
Each data implication:Earthquake curvature data be based on seismic event space second dervative calculate obtained by fracture and
Tomography has the seismic attributes data of preferable response characteristic.
Seismic coherence data are by calculating the correlation between the adjacent seismic channel of geological data, obtaining reflecting by constructing
Seismic attributes data of the caused seismic response of segmentation, formation lithology change in cross directional variations.
Log interpolation speed data are the interval velocities being calculated using Sonic Logging Data, using geological model as
Lateral constrained condition, the data of reflection formation interval velocity obtained from being calculated by inverse distance weighted interpolation;Due to log
Longitudinal high-resolution, log interpolation speed can include crack velocity information.In the calculating of log interpolation speed
During, pseudo- well curve can also be used【That is operator based on the logging character and geological knowledge of apriority, by not
Virtual the constructing in the position of drilling well can reflect the position geologic feature(Consider fracture reservoir feature emphatically in the present invention)'s
Well curve】, the crack velocity information that operator fabricates, the multi-scale facture for so finally giving can be added using pseudo- well curve
Reservoir forward model just adds operator's viewpoint.
Specific method for building up:In step 2, using the mesh parameter same with step 1 by earthquake curvature or seismic coherence
Data(The final result that two kinds of data are obtained is equal to, and is voluntarily selected according to actual conditions by operator)Gridding is carried out, is obtained
Curvature or relevant grid data.Then point by point scanning is carried out to earthquake curvature or seismic coherence grid data, if the mesh point is
Fracture reservoir(According to different geological conditions, standard gauge is voluntarily formulated according to earthquake curvature or seismic coherence data by operator
Determine fracture reservoir, multiple standards can be set up and represent multi-scale facture reservoir), then log interpolation speed is assigned to the grid;
If not fracture reservoir, then the heterogeneous forward model speed of transverse direction towards advantage reservoir is assigned.All mesh points are all scanned simultaneously
After assigning speed data, a new grid data body is obtained, the data volume is multi-scale facture reservoir forward model.
Embodiment 2, with reference to shown in accompanying drawing 1-8, is described in detail below.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the specific embodiment of multi-scale facture reservoir forward method for establishing model of the invention.
Step 101, the interval velocity data of seismic velocity spectrum, p-wave impedance inverting number will be based on using same mesh parameter
Gridding is carried out according to, lithological inversion data, the interval velocity grid data based on seismic velocity spectrum, p-wave impedance inverting is respectively obtained
Grid data and lithological inversion grid data.
Step 102, inverting interval velocity data are calculated using p-wave impedance inverting data.
Step 103, point by point scanning is carried out to lithological inversion grid data, judges whether each model meshes is advantage reservoir
Lithology.
If the grid is advantage reservoir lithology, inverting interval velocity grid data is assigned to it;If the grid is not advantage
Reservoir lithology, then assign the interval velocity grid data based on seismic velocity spectrum to it.
All grids all judge to finish, then flow enters 104, that is, obtain that the transverse direction towards advantage reservoir is heterogeneous just to drill mould
Type.
Step 101 can be applicable to 104, set up the horizontal non-homogeneous model towards advantage reservoir.
In step 105, by earthquake curvature or seismic coherence data gridding.
In step 106, point by point scanning is carried out to earthquake curvature or seismic coherence grid data.If fracture reservoir, then
Log interpolation speed is assigned to the grid;If not fracture reservoir, then assign heterogeneous just towards the transverse direction of advantage reservoir
Drill model velocity.
All grids all judge to finish, then flow enters 107, that is, obtain multi-scale facture reservoir forward model.
Fig. 2 is lithological inversion data generalized section;Fig. 3 is that the interval velocity data section based on seismic velocity spectrum is illustrated
Figure;Fig. 4 is the inverting interval velocity data generalized section that step 102 is obtained;Fig. 5 be step 104 obtain towards advantage reservoir
Horizontal non-homogeneous model schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is coherence data schematic diagram;Fig. 7 is log interpolation speed data generalized section;Fig. 8 is step 106
The multi-scale facture reservoir forward model schematic for obtaining.
The fracture reservoir model that the method is obtained, takes full advantage of well shake data, really reflects the development rule in crack
Rule and distribution characteristics.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of multi-scale facture reservoir forward method for establishing model, it is characterised in that including:
Step 1, by the use of lithological inversion data as constraints, the layer speed that p-wave impedance inverting is obtained is assigned to advantage reservoir
Degree, the interval velocity that seismic velocity spectrum is obtained is assigned to non-advantage reservoir, so sets up heterogeneous just towards the transverse direction of advantage reservoir
Drill model;
Step 2, by the use of the earthquake curvature or seismic coherence data of different scale as constraints, fracture reservoir assigns statistics
The crack speed or acoustic logging interpolation speed for obtaining, the transverse direction that step 1 foundation is assigned to non-fracture reservoir are heterogeneous just
Model velocity is drilled, the heterogeneous multi-scale facture reservoir forward model of transverse and longitudinal is so set up.
2. multi-scale facture reservoir forward method for establishing model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The method that step 1 is set up towards the horizontal non-homogeneous model of advantage reservoir is:First with same mesh parameter by base
Interval velocity data, p-wave impedance inverting data and lithological inversion data in seismic velocity spectrum carry out gridding, respectively obtain base
Interval velocity grid data, p-wave impedance inverting grid data and lithological inversion grid data in seismic velocity spectrum;Further according to plus
Moral receives formula to calculating and goes out the calculation relational expression of wave impedance and speed, and utilizes p-wave impedance inverting grid data meter by this formula
Calculation obtains inverting interval velocity grid data;Then point by point scanning is carried out to lithological inversion grid data, if the mesh point is advantage
Reservoir lithology, then assign inverting interval velocity grid data to the grid;If non-advantage reservoir lithology, then base is assigned to the grid
In the interval velocity grid data of seismic velocity spectrum, after all mesh points are all scanned and assign speed data, a new net is obtained
Lattice data volume, the data volume is the heterogeneous forward model of transverse direction towards advantage reservoir;
The method that step 2 sets up the heterogeneous multi-scale facture reservoir forward model of transverse and longitudinal is:Using the net same with step 1
Earthquake curvature or seismic coherence data are carried out gridding by lattice parameter, obtain curvature or relevant grid data;Then it is bent to earthquake
Rate or seismic coherence grid data carry out point by point scanning, if the mesh point is fracture reservoir, log are assigned to the grid
Interpolation speed;If not fracture reservoir, then the heterogeneous forward model speed of transverse direction towards advantage reservoir is assigned;All mesh points
After all scanning and assigning speed data, a new grid data body is obtained, the data volume is multi-scale facture reservoir forward
Model.
3. multi-scale facture reservoir forward method for establishing model according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that
The interval velocity data based on seismic velocity spectrum described in step 1 refer to the superposition speed to be extracted in seismic velocity spectrum data
Based on degree, by the formation interval velocity data being calculated;
Described p-wave impedance inverting data refer to utilize geological data, and the stratum compressional wave resistance obtained with reference to log data inverting
Anti- data;
Described lithological inversion data are a kind of using WELL LITHOLOGY data and seismic data as constraints, by variogram
Characterize lithology data of the lithology obtained by the geostatistical inversion of three-dimensional spatial distribution form.
4. multi-scale facture reservoir forward method for establishing model according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that
Earthquake curvature data described in step 2 is based on the fracture obtained by the calculating of seismic event space second dervative and breaks
Layer has the seismic attributes data of preferable response characteristic;
The seismic coherence data are by calculating the correlation between the adjacent seismic channel of geological data, obtaining reflecting by constructing
Seismic attributes data of the caused seismic response of segmentation, formation lithology change in cross directional variations;
The log interpolation speed data are the interval velocities being calculated using Sonic Logging Data, using geological model as
Lateral constrained condition, the data of reflection formation interval velocity obtained from being calculated by inverse distance weighted interpolation.
5. multi-scale facture reservoir forward method for establishing model according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in log
In the calculating process of interpolation speed, the virtual crack velocity information for building of operator is added using pseudo- well curve;Described pseudo- well
Curve be operator based on the logging character and geological knowledge of apriority, virtually construct energy by the position of non-drilling well
Enough reflect the pseudo- well curve of the position geologic feature.
6. multi-scale facture reservoir forward method for establishing model according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in non-drilling well
Position virtually builds during pseudo- well curve preferred fracture reservoir feature as the position geologic feature.
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