CN104747650A - Shock absorbing method and shock absorber thereof - Google Patents
Shock absorbing method and shock absorber thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104747650A CN104747650A CN201510046037.2A CN201510046037A CN104747650A CN 104747650 A CN104747650 A CN 104747650A CN 201510046037 A CN201510046037 A CN 201510046037A CN 104747650 A CN104747650 A CN 104747650A
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- valve
- damping
- spring
- piston
- shock absorber
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/10—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial
- F16F9/14—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect
- F16F9/16—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts
- F16F9/18—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts with a closed cylinder and a piston separating two or more working spaces therein
- F16F9/185—Bitubular units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
- F16F13/005—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a wound spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
- F16F13/007—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a wound spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F3/00—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic
- F16F3/02—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of steel or of other material having low internal friction
- F16F3/04—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of steel or of other material having low internal friction composed only of wound springs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/10—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial
- F16F9/14—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect
- F16F9/16—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts
- F16F9/22—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts with one or more cylinders each having a single working space closed by a piston or plunger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/10—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial
- F16F9/14—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect
- F16F9/16—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts
- F16F9/22—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts with one or more cylinders each having a single working space closed by a piston or plunger
- F16F9/26—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts with one or more cylinders each having a single working space closed by a piston or plunger with two cylinders in line and with the two pistons or plungers connected together
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/34—Special valve constructions; Shape or construction of throttling passages
- F16F9/348—Throttling passages in the form of annular discs or other plate-like elements which may or may not have a spring action, operating in opposite directions or singly, e.g. annular discs positioned on top of the valve or piston body
- F16F9/3484—Throttling passages in the form of annular discs or other plate-like elements which may or may not have a spring action, operating in opposite directions or singly, e.g. annular discs positioned on top of the valve or piston body characterised by features of the annular discs per se, singularly or in combination
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/44—Means on or in the damper for manual or non-automatic adjustment; such means combined with temperature correction
- F16F9/46—Means on or in the damper for manual or non-automatic adjustment; such means combined with temperature correction allowing control from a distance, i.e. location of means for control input being remote from site of valves, e.g. on damper external wall
- F16F9/466—Throttling control, i.e. regulation of flow passage geometry
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a shock absorbing method suitable for a vehicle and a shock absorber thereof. The shock absorber is mainly composed of an upper support 20, a lower support 22, a piston rod 24, a piston rod 25, a shock absorbing spring 26, a shock absorbing spring 27, a piston 32, a piston 33, a large-diameter one-way valve 14, a large-diameter one-way valve 38, a small-diameter bidirectional damping valve 15, a small-diameter bidirectional damping valve 39, a working cylinder 28, a working cylinder 29, liquid 16 or gas 17 and the like. The upper damping spring 26 and the lower damping spring 27 are oppositely combined to the same straight line in the damping direction and connected in series after being connected with an upper one-way shock absorber body 12 and a lower one-way shock absorber body 13 in parallel. The upper large-diameter one-way valve 14 and the lower large-diameter one-way valve 38 play the damping function in the compression and stretching processes. The upper damping spring 26 and the lower damping spring 27 which are connected in series play the elastic buffering function alternatively in a damping-free mode. The upper small-diameter bidirectional damping valve 15 and the lower small-diameter bidirectional damping valve 39 enable the upper one-way shock absorber body 12 and the lower one-way shock absorber body 13 to reset alternatively and slowly and play the function of digesting and absorbing the counterforce of the springs. The shock absorber is made to be free of secondary repeated oscillation, so that the elasticity is more ideal, the tyre road holding force is better, the vehicle body vibration amplitude is small, and the vehicle is made to be more smooth, comfortable and easy to control.
Description
The technical field belonging to technological scheme of technical field application claims protection; be a kind of with liquid or gas for impact-absorbing medium; there is piston move back and forth in indoor and the Vehicle damper method of answering throttle effect; especially be with two and plural cylinder, each cylinder has the oscillation damping method of a single working space closed with piston or plunger and implements the vibration damper of the method.The invention still further relates to the actuating device that its distant place controls to restore.
The existing vibration damper of background technique is actually a vibration damper, is not only used on vehicle hanging, also can be used on operator cabin, vehicle seat, steering wheel, bumper etc., concussion when rebounding after being mainly used to suppress spring shock-absorbing and the impact from road surface.Through uneven road surface, although shock-absorbing spring can filter the vibrations on road surface, spring self has to-and-fro motion, and existing vibration damper is just used to suppress repeatedly repeatedly jumping of this spring.
Vehicle suspension spring comprises metal spring, gas spring, hydraulic spring, fluid magnetic spring etc., and road bump is filtered in its effect, improves vehicle riding comfort or improves handling.
Vibration damper and elastic element cooperate, and carry the task of buffer and vibration damping, damping is excessive, and suspension flexibility will be made to degenerate, and even make vibration damper link damage; Damping force is too small, then do not have damping effect, thus wants adjustable elastic element and this contradiction of vibration damper.
As Baidupedia on internet acts on the illustrating of telescopic shock absorber working principle to both sides about " vibration damper " in literary composition: in Fig. 1, when compression stroke, refer to that automotive wheel shifts near vehicle body, by compression, now vibration damper inner carrier 3 moves down vibration damper.The volume reducing of piston lower chambers, oil pressure raises, fluid flows through flowing valve 8 and flows to chamber (epicoele) above piston, epicoele have been accounted for a part of space by piston rod 1, thus the volume that epicoele increases is less than the volume that cavity of resorption reduces, so part fluid just pushes compression valve 6 open, flow back to oil storage cylinder 5.The damping force that the saving formation suspension of these valves to oil moves by compression.Vibration damper is when extension stroke, wheel is equivalent to away from vehicle body, vibration damper Tensile, at this moment the piston of vibration damper moves up, and piston upper chamber oil pressure raises, flowing valve 8 is closed, fluid in epicoele is pushed rebound valve 4 open and is flowed into cavity of resorption, due to the existence of piston rod, is not enough to from the fluid that epicoele stream is next the volume being full of cavity of resorption increase, instigator's cavity of resorption produces a degree of vacuum, and the fluid at this moment in oil storage cylinder is pushed recuperation valve 7 open and flow to cavity of resorption and supplement.Here the throttling action of these valves plays damping function to when being suspended in stretching exercise.
Extensively adopt above oil-filled type telescopic shock absorber in present automobile suspension system, in compression and extension stroke, all play damping vibration attenuation function, claim double-action barrel shock absorber; Also have inflatable vibration damper and resistance adjustable vibration damper in addition; And these existing bidirectional damper vibration dampers two cylinders in line, and the vibration damper group of series connection with two pistons connected together or plunger is also all in compression and extension process, two-wayly all plays damping vibration attenuation effect of vibration.
And the two-way damping function that rises all hardly of the present invention, because the present invention is connected together in line by the unidirectional damping vibration damper that two damping directions are contrary, after being in parallel with respective damping spring respectively, then the vibration damper obtained that is together in series.In compression and extension process, play damping function all hardly, be a kind of asymptotic desirable undamped elastic reaction, the recovery of respective damping spring is located at vibration damper inside, acts on hardly on the vibration damping between vehicle frame and wheel.
Existing two-way shock absorber shortcoming is: in compression and extension stroke, play decay damping function all the time, because this damping force makes the elasticity of elastic element degenerate, operationally occur the shortcoming that vehicle body amplitude is excessive.In addition, spring run into once jolt after repeatedly concussion bounce-back repeatedly, and this repeatedly Decay Rate concussion amplitude is large, cause tire earth-grasping force not gentle, to the smoothness of vehicle, travelling comfort and maneuverability bring impact.
Summary of the invention the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: provide a kind of (1) more gently can filter road bump, make vehicle body amplitude less; (2) tire earth-grasping force gentle uniformly can more be obtained; (3) occur after simultaneously, making vehicle once filter to jolt secondary or repeatedly Decay Rate repeatedly shake.Owing to being similar to the disposable elastic vibration damping of desirable two-way non-resistance series connection shock-absorbing spring, solving existing two-way shock absorber damping force excessive, suspension flexibility will be made to degenerate, even make vibration damper link damage; Damping force is too small, does not have the inevitable contradictions of the bidirectional damper of damping effect, thus makes vehicle smooth-going, comfortable, easily manipulates.
Technological scheme of the present invention is: by middle base; Upper and lower bearing; Guide holder; Piston rod; Piston; Heavy caliber one-way valve; Small-bore bidirectional damper valve; Work cylinder barrel seal ring; Liquid or gas are the compositions such as damping medium.Wherein upper and lower piston moves back and forth respectively in upper and lower work cylinder barrel, and answers the upper and lower single-acting shock absorber of heavy caliber one-way valve and small-bore bidirectional damper valve throttle effect, or the upper and lower single-acting shock absorber changing damping medium viscosity and obtain.After this upper and lower single-acting shock absorber is associated with respective upper and lower damper spring respectively, more contrary by damping direction, and on same straight line, they are together in series.In compression and extension process, upper and lower heavy caliber one-way valve plays unidirectional damping effect; Upper and lower shock-absorbing spring after series connection plays elastic buffer effect with replacing undamped; Throttling action in upper and lower small-bore bidirectional damper valve, makes upper and lower single-acting shock absorber alternately slowly restore; One end single-acting shock absorber is upheld instantaneously together with shock-absorbing spring in parallel with it, slow compression recovery action; The other end single-acting shock absorber slowly upholds recovery together with shock-absorbing spring in parallel with it, instantaneously compressed action.Again after series connection, upper and lower shock-absorbing spring will play elastic buffer effect under the effect of vehicle pitch force, with replacing undamped; The throttling action of upper and lower small-bore bidirectional damper valve makes upper and lower single-acting shock absorber alternately slowly restore, and plays the upper and lower shock-absorbing spring rebounding force of absorption and digestion, makes vibration damper not occur secondary counter complex oscillation phenomenon.
The upper jumping of bearing due to vibration damper and downforce are asymmetric concerning passenger car, so the elastic force of upper and lower shock-absorbing spring also should be asymmetric.Especially motorcycle, nonsymmetry is larger, even if the elastic force wherein bearing the shock-absorbing spring of compressive force should more greatly, the elastic force bearing the shock-absorbing spring of expansion force should be less.
The structure characteristic of upper and lower heavy caliber one-way valve of the present invention is: be with helical spring plate valve; Or be with helical spring segment shape valve; Or the plate valve of band conical helical spring; Or the segment shape valve of band conical helical spring; Above-mentioned valve also can be the valve having some circumferential directions holes; Or the valve of band " cruciate flower " serial core track upper and lower slip in valve opening; The distribution of heavy caliber one-way valve on piston can be one, also can be some valves of above band circumferential directions.Its working principle is: when the postive direction pressure of valve exceedes initial tension of spring, and valve moment large discharge is opened; When opposite direction pressure reduction, above-mentioned valve cuts out rapidly under the effect of above-mentioned spring and pressure reduction, and can bear certain backpressure.
Damping medium in upper and lower work cylinder barrel of the present invention can be liquid or gas, can be also liquids and gases, also comprise stickum, and alter viscosity adjusts damping property, becomes the damping medium of the single-acting shock absorber of material as electromagnetism.
Upper and lower small-bore bidirectional damper valve of the present invention, or be called upper and lower rebuilt valve, connect and two-way circulating of the upper and lower two chamber fluids of the upper and lower piston of damping, with slow conducting liquid or gas, reach the object that the upper and lower shock-absorbing spring of damping time delay restores.
Upper and lower small-bore bidirectional damper valve, namely the two-way admittance of upper and lower rebuilt valve can also be drawn the upper and lower work cylinder barrel of upper and lower vibration damper or be derived on upper and lower bearing along the middle hollow pipe of upper and lower piston rod, the water conservancy diversion amount of upper and lower small-bore bidirectional damper valve (rebuilt valve) is controlled in order to a distant place, reach the object controlling the speed that upper and lower shock-absorbing spring restores, thus present invention also offers absorber damping force adjustable actuating device.
" heavy caliber " of the above upper and lower heavy caliber one-way valve, relative to upper and lower small-bore bidirectional damper valve " small-bore " Comparatively speaking, namely " heavy caliber " will much larger than the area of " small-bore ", thus make the absorber time than compression or the extension time long.
Working principle of the present invention is:
(I) when vibration damper is in compression stroke, namely when wheel runs into convex thing or goes up a slope, wheel upwards shifts near vehicle body, vibration damper by compression, piston in the single-acting shock absorber of now vibration damper one end and the cavity volume between middle base (base at the place of being connected in series of two ends single-acting shock absorber) are compressed, thus volume reducing, the damping medium pressure of liquid or gas raises, liquid or gas flow through heavy caliber one-way valve, now due to one-way and the heavy caliber passing ability of heavy caliber one-way valve, and a large amount of conducting of wink speed is by the liquid that compresses or gas, piston is made to shift to middle base rapidly, simultaneously because the bidirectional damper valve (rebuilt valve) of small-bore bidirectional damper valve or distant place flow-controllable is directly be communicated with on piston, lower two chambers, and the liquid of two chambers or the pressure of gas are tended to balance gradually along with the change of time, piston is finally made to run at this end shock-absorbing spring and vehicle body the power that convex thing upwards pushes up, and in cylinder barrel hydraulic pressure or air pressure acting in conjunction under, position to middle base is moved, and find dynamic equilibrium point, due to the change of several respects power, this dynamic equilibrium point is not rest point, therefore the single-acting shock absorber of this end and shock-absorbing spring associated with it, the object compressed instantaneously can be reached, simultaneously, again due to the throttle effect of small-bore bidirectional damper valve (rebuilt valve), extend the time of the circulation balance pressure of upper and lower two the chamber liquid of piston or gas damping medium, so can reach at shock-absorbing spring again, under the acting in conjunction of the piston thrust of vehicle body spring and the liquid that vary or air shock absorption pressure medium, make the shock absorber piston rod in time and slowly compression recovery of this end.
In sum, when vibration damper is in compression stroke, under the throttling action of damping spring, heavy caliber one-way valve and small-bore bidirectional damper valve (rebuilt valve), one end single-acting shock absorber of vibration damper and the damping spring of parallel connection thereof can compress instantaneously; Meanwhile, the single-acting shock absorber of the other end is due to the oppositely not conducting of heavy caliber one-way valve, and the bidirectional throttle effect of small-bore bidirectional damper valve, and this end single-acting shock absorber damping spring in parallel with it is in the recovery operation state slowly compressed.
(II) otherwise, when vibration damper is in extension stroke, namely when wheel runs into pit or descending, wheel is downwards away from vehicle body, vibration damper is by the stretching of the shock-absorbing spring be in parallel with it, now one end of compressing instantaneously when original compression of vibration damper, due to the reverse blocking of heavy caliber one-way valve, and small-bore bidirectional damper valve (rebuilt valve) throttling action, and make piston and piston rod slowly uphold recovery, be namely in that single-acting shock absorber compressed instantaneously in original compression stroke and the damping spring be in parallel with it reaches the object slowly upheld; Meanwhile, the piston in the single-acting shock absorber of the other end and the cavity volume between middle base are stretched, and thus volume increases, and the impact-absorbing medium pressure of liquid or gas reduces; Raise at the impact-absorbing medium pressure of the another side of the piston of cylinder barrel in addition, due to one-way and the heavy caliber cross-country traveling ability of heavy caliber one-way valve, and moment a large amount of conducting is by the impact-absorbing medium compressed, piston is moved rapidly and away from middle base, add the conducting of the bidirectional damper valve (rebuilt valve) of small-bore low passing ability, accelerate the rapid movement of piston and piston rod, thus that one end single-acting shock absorber making to be in slow compression recovery in original compression stroke and the damping spring that is in parallel with it reach the object upheld instantaneously.
(III) extension stroke of the compression stroke of (I) and (II) is combined: the upper and lower single-acting shock absorber that two damping directions are contrary and respective upper and lower damping spring are connected in parallel, contrary by its damping direction again, on the same line they are together in series by middle base, obtain vibration damper of the present invention, can play when vehicle runs into convex thing or goes up a slope and compress instantaneously; Can uphold instantaneously when running into pit or descending, the effect of moment shock-absorbing., in moment alternate compression or after upholding, alternately can also restore in vibration damper inside lentamente, be unlikely and height of car is suddenlyd change meanwhile, be also unlikely appearance and repeatedly rebound reforming phenomena, thus reach object of the present invention, make vehicle more smooth-going, comfortable, easily manipulate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Only for purposes of illustration, meaning is not limiting the scope of the disclosure accompanying drawing described here by any way.
Fig. 1 is existing double adjustable shock absorber sectional view
Fig. 2 is oil-filled type vibration damper sectional view of the present invention
Fig. 3 is inflatable vibration damper sectional view of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the another kind of structure sectional view of inflatable vibration damper of the present invention
Fig. 5 is the oil-filled gentle convolution vibration damper sectional view of the present invention
Fig. 6 is band of the present invention helical spring plate valve heavy caliber one-way valve sectional view
The one-way valve of heavy caliber shown in Fig. 7 is along the sectional view of A-A line
Fig. 8 is the sectional view of the one-way valve of heavy caliber shown in Fig. 6 along B-B line
Fig. 9 is that the piston of the one-way valve of heavy caliber shown in Fig. 6 is along C-C sectional view
Figure 10 is the plate valve of band conical helical spring of the present invention
Figure 11 is the segment shape valve of band conical helical spring of the present invention
Figure 12 is " cruciate flower " serial core track sliding formula heavy caliber one-way valve sectional view in valve opening
Figure 13 is " cruciate flower " track D-D sectional view in Figure 12
Figure 14-1, Figure 14-2 are damping flow rate control valve structure figure
Figure 14-3 is that rebuilt valve flow of the present invention far controls ejector structural drawing
In figure:
1-piston rod 2-works cylinder barrel
3-piston 4-rebound valve
5-oil storage cylinder barrel 6-compression valve
7-recuperation valve 8-flowing valve
9-guide holder 10-dust-proof cover
Single-acting shock absorber on 11-oil sealing 12-
Single-acting shock absorber 14-upper big mouth footpath one-way valve under 13-
The upper small-bore bidirectional damper valve of 15-(upper rebuilt valve) 16-liquid (fluid)
17-gas 18-barotropic gas
19-negative-pressure gas 20-upper bracket (being connected with vehicle frame)
21-middle base 22-undersetting (being connected with vehicle bridge)
23-upper cushion pad 24-upper piston rod
Damping spring on 25-lower piston rod 26-
Under 27-, damping spring 28-works cylinder barrel
Work under 29-dust-proof cover on cylinder barrel 30-
Dust-proof cover 32-upper piston under 31-
Compression valve on 33-lower piston 34-
Recuperation valve on compression valve 36-under 35-
Heavy caliber one-way valve under recuperation valve 38-under 37-
The upper oil storage cylinder barrel of 39-lower small mouth footpath bidirectional damper valve (lower rebuilt valve) 40-
Epicoele on oil storage cylinder barrel 42-under 41-
42 '-upper epicoele airflow layer 43-upper and lower cavity
Epicoele 44 '-lower epicoele airflow layer under 44-
Compensating piston on cavity of resorption 46-under 45-
Compensated cavity on compensating piston 48-under 47-
Guide holder on compensated cavity 50-under 49-
Guide holder 52-heavy caliber check-valve port under 51-
53-helical spring 54-conical helical spring
55-plate valve 56-segment shape valve
57-Returnning spring 58-electromagnetic coil
59-valve shaft 60-spool
61-housing 62-bellows
63-imports and exports (1) 64-and imports and exports (2)
65-imports and exports (3) 66-and imports and exports (4)
The upper connecting tube of the upper connecting tube of 67-(1) 68-(2)
Fine-bore tube on the upper thick core pipe 70-of 69-
Connecting tube (2) under connecting tube (1) 72-under 71-
Fine-bore tube under thick core pipe 74-under 73-
Damping flow control valve under 75-upper damping flow control valve 76-
Oil sealing under the upper oil sealing 78-of 77-
Compensating piston seal ring under 79-upper compensating piston seal ring 80-
81-sleeve 82-one-way valve seal ring
83-check valve spring seat 84-nut
Cushion pad under 85-pod apertures 86-
87-valve opening 88-" cruciate flower " shape serial core track
89-spring blocking plate 90-frustum valve plug
Embodiment
Fig. 2 is first embodiment of the invention: oil-filled type vibration damper sectional view, and its structure is by the upper and lower clutch release slave cylinder 28,29 of the upper and lower single-acting shock absorber of double barreled 12,13; Upper and lower piston 32,33; Upper and lower heavy caliber one-way valve 14,38; Upper and lower small-bore bidirectional damper valve 15,39; Fluid 16; Upper and lower bearing 20,22; Middle base 21; Upper and lower piston rod 24,25; Upper and lower dust-proof cover 30,31; Upper and lower compression valve 34,35; Upper and lower recuperation valve 36,37; Upper and lower oil storage cylinder 40,41; Epicoele 42; Upper and lower cavity 43; Lower epicoele 44; Lower cavity of resorption 45; Upper and lower damping spring 26,27; Upper and lower guide holder 50,51; And the composition such as upper and lower oil sealing 77,78.It is characterized in that: contrary by damping direction by upper and lower two double barreled single-acting shock absorbers 12 and 13, and at same straight line, they are together in series, and upper and lower two single-acting shock absorbers can transposition, series connection point is middle base, is provided with the upper damping spring 26 in parallel with upper single-acting shock absorber 12 between upper bracket 20 with middle base 21; The lower damping spring 27 in parallel with lower single-acting shock absorber 13 is provided with between undersetting 22 with middle base 21; Upper piston 32 and lower piston 33 arrange one or one group of heavy caliber one-way valve, 14,38 and small-bore bidirectional damper valve (rebuilt valve) 15,39 that damping direction is contrary respectively.
Its working principle is: on the one hand, and when compression stroke, refer to that vehicle shifts near vehicle body, vibration damper by compression.
(I
press): the upper damping spring 26 now gone up single-acting shock absorber 12 and be in parallel with it, because the upper big mouth footpath one-way valve 14 on upper piston 32 oppositely blocks, so upper piston 32 can not move down; Again because of the two-way small flow conducting fluid 16 of the small-bore bidirectional damper valve 15 on upper single-acting shock absorber 12, thus upper piston 32 is slowly moved down, now the volume of upper and lower cavity 43 reduces, the pressure of fluid 16 raises, and fluid 16 flows in the upper and lower chamber 43 below upper piston 32 through upper small-bore bidirectional damper valve 15.Epicoele 42 have been accounted for a part of space by upper piston rod 24, and the volume that thus going up epicoele 42 increases is less than the volume that upper and lower cavity 43 reduces, so a part of fluid 16 just pushes compression valve 34 open, flows back in oil storage cylinder barrel 40.Because upper damping spring 26 and these valves are to the acting in conjunction of fluid 16, form the powerful damping force that suspension moves by compression, force upper piston 32 and upper piston rod 24 slowly to move down, namely go up single-acting shock absorber 12 and upper damping spring 26 slowly compression recovery.
(II
pressure): simultaneously, lower single-acting shock absorber 13 and lower damping spring 27 in parallel are with it compressed, because of lower heavy caliber one-way valve 38 forward conduction on lower piston 33, the fluid 16 of lower cavity of resorption 45 is pushed heavy caliber one-way valve 38 open and is flowed in lower epicoele 44, so lower piston 33 moves down rapidly, again because of the conducting of the two-way small flow fluid 16 in lower small mouth footpath bidirectional damper valve (rebuilt valve) 39 of lower single-acting shock absorber 13, thus lower piston 33 is moved down towards the undersetting direction that to be connected with vehicle bridge quickly, this at present cavity of resorption 45 volume reduce, lower single-acting shock absorber loses original high damping effect instantaneously, lower piston 33 is made to move down and drive lower piston rod 25 to be compressed, fluid 16 in cavity of resorption 45 now above lower piston 33 flows to rapidly in the upper and lower cavity 44 above lower piston 33, lower epicoele have been accounted for a part of space by lower piston rod 25, thus the volume descending epicoele 44 to increase is less than the volume that cavity of resorption 45 reduces, so part fluid 16 just pushes lower compression valve 35 open, flow back in lower oil storage cylinder barrel 41.Because lower single-acting shock absorber 13 now almost loses damping function to the lower damping spring 27 be in parallel with it, so now the lower part of vibration damper bears the compressive force of vibration damper primarily of lower damping spring 27, play a part to compress instantaneously.
(II
pressing) comprehensive above (I
pressure), (II
pressure) described in: when compression stroke, the upper and lower two-part of vibration damper are contrary by damping, and after they being together in series on same straight line, compressive force makes the slow compression recovery of vibration damper upper part of the present invention; Lower part plays the elastic damping effect of approximate undamped ground primarily of damping spring 27.
On the other hand, when extension stroke, refer to that wheel of vehicle is away from vehicle body, shock absorbers extension.
(I
stretch) now because of the upper big mouth footpath one-way valve 14 forward large discharge conducting on upper piston 32, so upper piston 32 moves up, again because of the conducting of the two-way small flow fluid 16 of the upper small-bore bidirectional damper valve 15 of upper single-acting shock absorber 12, thus upper piston 32 is moved up instantaneously, now the volume of upper and lower cavity 43 increases, the pressure of fluid 16 reduces, and fluid 16 flows through small-bore bidirectional damper valve 15, flows in upper and lower cavity 43 from epicoele 42.Epicoele 42 withdraws from epicoele 42 because of upper piston rod 24, remove segment space less, thus flowing from epicoele 42 fluid 16 come is not the volume being full of upper and lower cavity 43 increase, instigator's upper and lower cavity 43 produces a degree of vacuum, and the fluid 16 at this moment gone up in oil storage cylinder barrel 40 is pushed recuperation valve 36 open and flow to upper and lower cavity 43 and supplement.Because upper damping spring 26 now and these valves are to the acting in conjunction of fluid 16, make damping spring 26 be similar to undamped power to uphold, namely go up single-acting shock absorber 12 and think that with it the upper damping spring 26 of parallel connection is become from slow compression recovery during compression process and upholds instantaneously.
(II
under stretching) simultaneously, lower single-acting shock absorber 13 and the lower damping spring 27 be in parallel with it are stretched, because the lower heavy caliber one-way valve 38 on lower piston 33 oppositely blocks, the fluid 16 of lower epicoele 44 cannot flow into cavity of resorption 45, so lower piston 33 damping force is quite large, can not move, lower piston rod 25 also just can not be upheld.But in addition again because of the conducting of the two-way small flow fluid 16 of the lower small mouth footpath bidirectional damper valve 39 on lower single-acting shock absorber 13, make lower piston rod 25 uphold lentamente, fluid 16 slowly flows into lower cavity of resorption 45, so lower piston 33 slowly upholds recovery from lower epicoele 44.Lower epicoele 44 is withdrawn from because lower piston rod 25 slowly extends, account for segment space less, the volume that the fluid 16 come is not enough to be full of the minimizing of lower epicoele 44 is flowed from cavity of resorption 45, the lower cavity of resorption 45 of instigator produces a degree of vacuum, and this fluid 16 at present in oil storage cylinder cylinder 41 is pushed recuperation valve 37 open and flow to cavity of resorption 45 and supplement.Because lower shock-absorbing spring 27 now and these valves are to the acting in conjunction of fluid 16, form the very large damping force of suspension by stretching exercise, lower damping spring 27 is upheld lentamente, and the lower damping spring 27 namely descending single-acting shock absorber 13 to be in parallel with it was compressed to become from moment during original compression stroke slowly upholds recovery.
(III
stretch conjunction) comprehensive (I
under stretching) (II
under stretching) described in: the upper and lower two-part of oil-filled type vibration damper are contrary by damping direction, and after they being connected on same straight line, when extension stroke, expansion force makes vibration damper upper part of the present invention be upheld instantaneously with being similar to undamped by damping spring; Lower part slowly upholds recovery by the damping ground, lower small mouth footpath bidirectional damper valve (rebuilt valve) 39 of lower single-acting shock absorber 13.
Finally, merge the overall process of the above compression analyzed and extension two aspects, draw: the approximate undamped spring shock absorption effect that the upper and lower two-part of oil-filled type vibration damper of the present invention in chronological sequence alternately can play compression instantaneously respectively and uphold instantaneously, so the amplitude of vehicle body is little, and in vibration damper alternately damping slowly restore, being unlikely the secondary or repeatedly rebound phenomena that occur restoring, is a kind of desirable oscillation damping method and vibration damper.
Fig. 3 is second embodiment of the invention, inflatable vibration damper sectional view: its structure is by the upper and lower unidirectional upper and lower work cylinder barrel 28,29 subtracting device 12,13 of single-cylinder type; Upper and lower piston 32,33; Upper and lower heavy caliber one-way valve 14,38; Upper and lower small-bore bidirectional damper valve (upper and lower rebuilt valve) 15,39; Gas 17; Upper and lower bearing 20,22; Middle base 21; Upper and lower piston rod 24,25; Epicoele 42; Upper and lower cavity 43; Lower epicoele 44; Lower cavity of resorption 45; Upper compensating piston 46; Lower compensating piston 47; And the composition such as upper and lower damping spring 26,27, it is characterized in that: gassy 17 in upper and lower work cylinder barrel 28,29; Upper and lower two single-acting shock absorbers 12,13 are in series in a straight line, and upper and lower two single-acting shock absorbers 12,13 damping direction is contrary, position can exchange, series connection surface of contact is middle base 21, is provided with the upper damping spring 26 be in parallel with upper single-acting shock absorber 12 between upper bracket 20 and middle base 21; The lower damping spring 27 be in parallel with lower single-acting shock absorber 13 is provided with between undersetting 22 and middle base 21; Upper piston 32 and lower piston 33 arrange one or one group of upper and lower heavy caliber one-way valve 14,38 that damping direction is contrary respectively; And a upper and lower small-bore bidirectional damper valve (upper and lower rebuilt valve) 15,39.
Its working principle is: on the one hand, when compression stroke, refers to that the wheel of vehicle shifts near vehicle body, vibration damper by compression time.
(I
pressure) now go up single-acting shock absorber 12 and the upper damping spring 26 that is in parallel with it oppositely blocks because of the upper big mouth footpath one-way valve 14 on upper piston 32, so upper piston 32 can not move down, move down a little because of the elasticity of gas 17, again because of the two-way small-flow gas conducting of the upper small-bore bidirectional damper valve (upper rebuilt valve) 15 of upper single-acting shock absorber 12, thus upper piston 32 is slowly moved down, volume now in upper and lower cavity 43 reduces, in it, the pressure of gas 17 raises, gas 17 flows in epicoele 42 through upper small-bore bidirectional damper valve 15 by upper and lower cavity 43, epicoele 42 have been accounted for a part of space by upper piston rod 24, thus the volume that going up epicoele 42 increases is less than the volume that upper and lower cavity 43 reduces, so part gas 17 is the upper compensating piston 46 of compression just, force it to move down, and the upper compensated cavity 48 of compression, at this moment compensated cavity 48 redeeming is gone up.Because upper damping spring 26 and these valves are to the acting in conjunction of gas 17, form the powerful damping force that suspension moves by compression, force upper piston 32 and upper piston rod 24 slowly to move down, namely go up single-acting shock absorber 12 and slowly restore with upper damping spring 26.
(II
pressure) descend single-acting shock absorber 13 and the lower damping spring 27 that is in parallel with it to be compressed simultaneously, thus the positive and negative large discharge conducting of lower heavy caliber one-way valve 38 on lower piston 33, the gas 17 of lower epicoele 44 is pushed lower heavy caliber one-way valve 38 open and is flowed in lower cavity of resorption 45, so lower piston 33 moves up rapidly, two two-way small flow conducting because of the lower small mouth footpath bidirectional damper valve (lower rebuilt valve) 39 on lower single-acting shock absorber 13, thus lower piston 33 is moved towards middle base 21 direction quickly, this at present epicoele 44 volume reduce, the air pressure of its gas 17 because of lower bore one-way valve 38 and lower small mouth footpath bidirectional damper valve 39 open make the gas 17 of lower epicoele 44 rapidly pressure release lose original high pressure, lower single-acting shock absorber 13 loses original high damping effect instantaneously, lower piston 33 is movement rapidly upwards, lower piston rod 25 is compressed, in lower epicoele 44 now above lower piston 33, gas 17 flows to rapidly in the cavity of resorption 45 below lower piston 33, lower cavity of resorption 45 have been accounted for a part of space by lower piston rod 25, thus the volume descending cavity of resorption 45 to increase is less than the volume that lower epicoele 44 reduces, part gas 17 just makes to be compressed in compensated cavity 49, to compensate the gas volume that cavity of resorption 45 reduces, thus promote lower compensating piston 47 to move up, and redeeming.Because lower single-acting shock absorber 13 is now very little to lower damping spring 27 damping force be in parallel with it, almost lose damping function, so in compression stroke, the lower part of vibration damper bears the compressive force of vibration damper primarily of lower damping spring 27, plays moment pressure elasticity.
(III
pressing) comprehensive (I
press), (II
pressure) described in: gas-filled shock absorber upper and lower two-part damping direction is contrary, and after connecting in line, when compression stroke, compressive force makes the slow compression recovery of vibration damper upper part of the present invention; Lower part is very little primarily of the damping of lower damping spring 27, approximate undamped pressure elasticity damping effect.
On the other hand, when extension stroke, refer to that wheel of vehicle is away from vehicle body shock absorbers extension.
(I
stretch) now because of upper big mouth footpath one-way valve 14 forward conduction on upper piston 32, so upper piston 32 moves up, again because of the two-way small-flow gas conducting of the upper small-bore bidirectional damper valve 15 of upper single-acting shock absorber 12.Thus upper piston 32 is moved up quickly instantaneously, now the volume of upper and lower cavity 43 increases, and the pressure of epicoele 42 gas 17 raises, and gas 17 flows in upper and lower cavity 43 from epicoele 42 through upper small-bore bidirectional damper valve 15.Epicoele 42 withdraws from epicoele 42 because of upper piston rod 24, remove segment space less, thus flow from epicoele 42 volume that the gas come is not enough to be full of upper and lower cavity 43 increase, instigator's upper and lower cavity 43 produces a degree of vacuum, at this moment the gas 17 gone up in compensated cavity 48 is just splashed and is risen, and the upper compensating piston 46 of promotion moves up, redeeming.Because upper damping spring 26 now and these valves are to the acting in conjunction of gas 17, formed suspension by the damping force of stretching exercise very little or approximate undamped power, make the free elastic stretch of damping spring 26, namely go up upper damping spring 26 that single-acting shock absorber 12 is in parallel with it and become initial elasticity from slow compression during original compression stroke and uphold.
(II
under stretching) simultaneously, lower single-acting shock absorber 13 and the lower damping spring 27 be in parallel with it are upheld, because the lower heavy caliber one-way valve 38 on lower piston 33 oppositely blocks, the gas 17 of lower cavity of resorption 45 can not flow into lower epicoele 44, so lower piston 33 damping force is quite large, can not move, lower piston rod 25 also just can not be upheld.But in addition again because of the two-way small flow two-way admittance of the lower small mouth footpath bidirectional damper valve (lower rebuilt valve) 39 on lower single-acting shock absorber 13, and the high elasticity of gas 17, and make lower piston 33 slowly uphold recovery.Lower cavity of resorption 45 slowly stretches out because of lower piston rod 25, go to partial volume space less, thus descend cavity of resorption 45 decrease volume be less than lower epicoele 44 increase volume, the lower epicoele 44 of instigator produces a degree of vacuum, this gas at present in compensated cavity 49 is splashed and is risen, promote lower compensating piston 47 to move down, redeeming.Because lower shock-absorbing spring 27 now and these valves are to the acting in conjunction of gas 17, form the very large damping force of suspension by stretching exercise, lower damping spring 27 is upheld lentamente, and the lower damping spring 27 namely descending single-acting shock absorber 13 to be in parallel with it is compressed to become from initial elasticity during original compression stroke slowly upholds recovery.
(III
stretch conjunction) comprehensive (I
stretch), (II
under stretching) described in: the upper and lower two-part of inflatable vibration damper are contrary by damping direction, and after connecting in line, when extension stroke, expansion force makes inflatable vibration damper upper part of the present invention be similar to the extension of undamped initial elasticity by damping spring; Lower part slowly upholds recovery by small-bore bidirectional damper valve (lower rebuilt valve) the 39 damping ground of lower single-acting shock absorber 13.
Finally, merge the overall process of compression and extension two aspects, draw: the upper and lower two-part of inflatable vibration damper of the present invention can play the spring shock absorption effect of the approximate undamped power that alternately initial elasticity compression and initial elasticity are upheld respectively, so vehicle body amplitude is little, and alternately damping ground slowly recovery in vibration damper, be unlikely the secondary or repeatedly rebound phenomena that occur restoring, add that the gas filled has high elasticity, so be one more preferably oscillation damping method and device.
Fig. 4 is the present invention the 3rd enforcement, the another kind of structure sectional view of inflatable vibration damper, its working principle and Fig. 3 similar, here no longer describe.
Fig. 5 is third embodiment of the invention: the sectional view of oil-filled gentle convolution vibration damper, and its structure is by the upper and lower work cylinder barrel 28,29 of the upper and lower single-acting shock absorber of single cylinder aerating 12,13; Upper and lower piston 32,33; Upper and lower heavy caliber one-way valve 14,38; Upper and lower small-bore bidirectional damper valve 15,39; Fluid 16; Gas 17; Upper and lower bearing 20,22; Middle base 21; Upper and lower piston rod 24,25; Epicoele 42; Epicoele airflow layer 42 '; Upper and lower cavity 43; Lower epicoele 44; Lower epicoele airflow layer 44 '; Lower cavity of resorption 45; Upper and lower damping spring 26,27, and the composition such as upper and lower cushion pad 23,86, structure of the present invention also can put upside down use, it is characterized in that: above upper and lower work cylinder barrel 28,29, be filled with a part of gas 17, and other remainder is full of by fluid 16; Upper and lower two single-acting shock absorbers 12,13 are in series on the contrary by damping direction in a straight line, contrary to ensure the damping direction of upper and lower two single-acting shock absorbers 12,13, but position can exchange, series connection surface of contact is middle base 21, is provided with the upper damping spring 26 be in parallel with single-acting shock absorber 12 between upper bracket 20 and middle base 21; The lower damping spring 27 be in parallel with lower single-acting shock absorber 13 is provided with between undersetting 22 and middle base 21; Upper piston 32 and lower piston 33 arrange one or one group of upper and lower heavy caliber one-way valve 14,38 that damping direction is contrary respectively; And a upper and lower small-bore bidirectional damper valve (upper and lower rebuilt valve) 15,39.
Its working principle is: on the one hand, when compression stroke, refers to that the wheel of vehicle shifts near vehicle body, vibration damper by compression time.
(I
press) the upper damping spring 26 now going up single-acting shock absorber 12 and be in parallel with it, because the upper big mouth footpath one-way valve 14 on upper piston 32 oppositely blocks, so upper piston 32 can not move down, again because of the two-way small flow conducting of the upper small-bore bidirectional damper valve (upper rebuilt valve) 15 of upper single-acting shock absorber 12, and the elasticity of the gas 17 of epicoele airflow layer 42 ' in epicoele 42 and moving down a little; In addition, now the volume of upper and lower cavity 43 reduces, and its inner fluid 16 pressure raises, and fraction fluid 16 is flow in (the upper epicoele 42) above upper piston 32 by upper small-bore bidirectional damper valve 15.Epicoele 42 have been accounted for sub-fraction space by upper piston rod 24, and the volume that thus going up epicoele 42 increases is less than the volume that upper and lower cavity 43 reduces, and the gas 17 that the epicoele airflow layer 42 ' on epicoele 42 top is interior is compressed, and redeeming.Due to the damping function of upper damping spring 26 and upper single-acting shock absorber, form the powerful damping force that suspension moves by compression, force upper piston 32 and upper piston rod 24 slowly to move down, namely go up single-acting shock absorber 12 compression recovery slow in upper damping spring 26.
(II
pressure) descend single-acting shock absorber 13 lower damping spring 27 associated therewith to be compressed simultaneously, thus the lower heavy caliber one-way valve 38 forward large discharge conducting on lower piston 33, the fluid 16 of lower epicoele 44 is pushed lower heavy caliber one-way valve 38 open and is flowed in lower cavity of resorption 45, move so lower piston 33 is rapidly to middle base 21, again because of the two-way small flow conducting of the lower small mouth footpath bidirectional damper valve (lower rebuilt valve) 39 on lower single-acting shock absorber 13, thus make lower piston 33 mobile towards middle base 21 direction (upwards) quickly, this at present epicoele 44 volume reduce, and pressure release and lose original high pressure, lower single-acting shock absorber 13 is made to lose original high damping effect instantaneously, because lower piston 33 moves up, lower piston rod 25 is compressed, liquid 16 in lower epicoele 44 now above lower piston 33 flows to rapidly in the cavity of resorption 45 below lower piston 33, lower cavity of resorption 45 have been accounted for segment space by lower piston rod 25, thus the volume that epicoele 44 reduces is descended, be greater than the volume that cavity of resorption 45 increases, the lower epicoele airflow layer 44 ' in following epicoele 44 compressed, and play compensating action.Because lower single-acting shock absorber 13 is now very little to lower damping spring 27 damping force be in parallel with it, almost lose damping function, so the lower part of vibration damper bears the compressive force of vibration damper primarily of lower damping spring 27 in compression stroke, play initial elasticity compression.
(III
pressing) comprehensive (I
press) (II
pressure) described in: it is oppositely contrary that oil-filled and upper and lower two-part of gas damper press damping, and on same straight line after series connection, when compression stroke, compressive force makes the slow compression recovery of vibration damper upper part of the present invention; Lower part is very little primarily of the damping of lower damping spring 27, approximate undamped pressure elasticity damping effect.
On the other hand, when extension stroke, refer to that wheel of vehicle is away from vehicle body shock absorbers extension.
(I
stretch) now because of the upper big mouth footpath one-way valve 14 forward large discharge conducting on upper piston 32, so upper piston 32 moves up, again because of the two-way small flow conducting of the upper small-bore bidirectional damper valve (upper rebuilt valve) 15 of upper single-acting shock absorber 12, thus upper piston 32 is moved up quickly instantaneously, now, the volume of upper and lower cavity 43 increases, and the oil liquid pressure in it reduces, and fraction fluid 16 is flow in the upper and lower cavity 43 below upper piston 32 by upper small-bore bidirectional damper valve 15.Epicoele 42 have been accounted for sub-fraction space by upper bar 24 alive, and thus go up volume that epicoele 42 reduces and be less than the volume that upper and lower cavity 43 increases, the gas 17 of the epicoele airflow layer 42 ' on epicoele 42 top expands, with the volume of supplementary reduction, and redeeming.Due to the acting in conjunction of upper damping spring 26 and upper single-acting shock absorber 12, form the almost completely elastic stretch power of suspension by the undamped of stretching exercise or very little damping, upper piston 32 and upper piston rod 24 are moved up rapidly, namely goes up single-acting shock absorber 12 and become initial elasticity with upper damping spring 26 from slow compression during original compression stroke and uphold.
(II
under stretching) the lower damping spring 27 that simultaneously descends single-acting shock absorber 13 to be in parallel with it upheld, thus the lower heavy caliber one-way valve 38 on lower piston 33 oppositely blocks, the fluid 16 of lower cavity of resorption 45 cannot flow in lower epicoele 44, so lower piston 33 damping force is quite large, can not move, lower piston rod 25 also just can not be upheld.But in addition again because of the two-way small flow conducting of the lower small mouth footpath bidirectional damper valve (lower rebuilt valve) 39 on lower single-acting shock absorber 13, and the high elasticity of gas 17, and make lower piston 33 slowly uphold recovery.Lower cavity of resorption 45 slowly stretches out because of lower piston rod 25, go to partial volume space less, thus the volume descending cavity of resorption 45 to reduce is less than the volume that lower epicoele 44 increases, so part liquid 16 slowly stretching out just because of lower piston rod 25, the volume supplementing lower epicoele 44 increase is not enough to from the fluid 16 of cavity of resorption 45 outflow, the lower epicoele 44 of instigator produces a degree of vacuum, and the interior gas 17 of this lower epicoele airflow layer 44 ' at present in epicoele 44 just expands, redeeming.Because lower damping spring 27 now and these valves are to the acting in conjunction of gas and fluid, form the very large damping force of suspension by stretching exercise, lower damping spring 27 is upheld lentamente.The lower damping spring 27 that lower single-acting shock absorber 13 is in parallel with it was compressed to become from moment during original compression stroke slowly upholds recovery.
(III
stretch conjunction) comprehensive (I
stretch) (II
under stretching) described in: after the upper and lower two-part of oil-filled gentle formula vibration damper are also connected in line by damping direction is contrary, when extension stroke, expansion force makes oil-filled and gas damper upper part of the present invention be similar to undamped initial elasticity by upper damping spring 26 to uphold, lower part by lower small mouth footpath bidirectional damper valve 39 slowly circulation control lower damping spring 27 and slowly uphold recovery.
Finally, merge the overall process of compression and extension two aspects, draw: on the oil-filled gentle formula vibration damper of the present invention, lower two-part are contrary by damping direction, and after connecting in line, alternately can play the spring shock absorption effect of the approximate undamped power compressed instantaneously and uphold instantaneously respectively, so vehicle body amplitude is little, and in vibration damper alternately damping slowly restore, be unlikely the secondary that occurs IER instantaneous elastic recovery or repeatedly rebound phenomena, add the gas that a part is filled, there is high elasticity, the fluid that another part is filled, there is again the advantage of high damping force simultaneously, so this embodiment is a kind of desirable oscillation damping method and device.
Fig. 6, Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 12 are several structural types of upper and lower heavy caliber one-way valve 14,38 of the present invention, its working principle is under the effect of the two sides pressure reduction of valve and the spring valve plug of valve, valve can only forward large discharge transient switching, oppositely then automatically closes, not conducting.
Fig. 6 is the plate valve 55 of band helical spring 53, the heavy caliber check-valve port 52 of upper and lower piston 32,33, helical spring 53 is fixed between check valve spring seat 83 and plate valve 55, in order to pretension and standing valve 55 unidirectional blocking heavy caliber check-valve port 52, this valve action is obvious, only under the effect of starting differential pressure, heavy caliber check-valve port 52 just can be opened, and this depends on the pretightening force of useful area and helical spring 53.Effective pressure area, the useful area of the valve block namely under sealing state, much larger than flow channel cross-section area.Circulation area equals actual circumference and is multiplied by lift height.Rigidity of helical spring is as far as possible low, but is not less than pretightening force, and reaches and be easy to valve opening, and under the increase of small pressure reduction, occurs larger valve opening area and flow.
Fig. 9 is with some circumferential directions holes, as the plate valve in the hole of heavy caliber check-valve port 52.
Figure 10 is the plate valve 55 of band conical helical spring 54, this valve axially compact, and good stability is applicable to low pretightening force.
Figure 11 is the segment shape valve 56 of band conical helical spring 54, and this conical helical spring 54 is in order to the heavy caliber check-valve port 52 on pretension and the upper and lower piston 32,33 of fixing segment shape valve 56 unidirectional blocking, and the reverse blocking strength of this valve is larger.
Figure 12 is that " cruciate flower " serial core track 88 can move up and down in valve opening 87, there is fluid cross-section long-pending large, the advantage that passing rate is high, helical spring 53 is in order to the unidirectional valve opening 87 of pretension frustum valve plug 90 unidirectional blocking upper and lower heavy caliber one-way valve 14,38, and wherein the lower end of frustum valve plug 90 is welded with one end of " cruciate flower " shape serial core track; The other end welds with latch plate 89, and helical spring 53 is arranged between file spring board 89 and upper and lower piston 32,33, pulls the inner conical surface of frustum valve jam-pack lid valve opening 87.
Figure 14-1, Figure 14-2 is damping flow rate control valve structure figure, primarily of parts compositions such as electromagnetic coil 58, valve shaft 59, spool 60, Returnning spring 57, housing 61, bellows 62, import and export.It is the suction utilizing electromagnetic coil 58 to produce, and makes valve shaft 59 displacement vertically, thus upper and lower damping flow control valve valve opening is changed, and reaches the object controlling flow.When spring force and electromagnetic attraction reach balance, valve 75,76 aperture is in steady state.Import and export from upper and lower vibration damper 12,13 damper fluid of Figure 14-3 are connected with the import and export 63,64 or 65,66 of this damping flow control valve by connecting tube 67,68 or 71,72, can control the two-way flow of bluff body limitation.The effect of bellows 62 eliminates the upper and lower pressure reduction of valve 75 to the impact of valve 75 enable possition.Its working principle is: during electromagnetic coil 58 galvanization, will produce electromagnetic attraction.When the electromagnetic attraction that electromagnetic coil 58 produces exceedes the elastic force of Returnning spring 57, movable (iron) spool 60 will move to secured core direction under the effect of electromagnetic attraction, be with movable valve plug 60 to move up by valve shaft 59 simultaneously, spool 60 is lifted off a seat bypass circulation unlatching.When electromagnetic coil 58 power-off, spool 60 moves down reset under the effect of Returnning spring 57 elastic force, is closed by bypass circulation road.Control the size of current of electromagnetic coil 58, the size of damping flow can be controlled.When driving current is large, electromagnetic attraction is large, and valve opening is just large; Otherwise valve opening is just little.
Wherein pierce into upper fine-bore tube 70 by cover in upper thick core pipe 69 in Figure 14-3, thus by upper piston 32 two chambeies above and below, namely go up epicoele 42, outside that the fluid of upper and lower cavity 43 is drawn out to upper bracket 20 is connected with 68 with upper connecting tube 67, and to be connected respectively with the import and export 63 and 64 of upper damping flow control valve 75 again.Equally, lower fine-bore tube 74 is pierced into by cover in lower thick core pipe 73, thus by lower piston 33 two chambeies above and below, namely descend epicoele 44, outside that the fluid of cavity of resorption 45 is drawn out to undersetting 22 is connected with 72 with lower connecting tube 71, and to be connected respectively with the import and export 65 and 66 of lower damping flow control valve 76 again.
So control the size of current of electromagnetic coil, just can control the size of upper and lower piston 32,33 damping flow, thus control the speed that upper and lower shock-absorbing spring 26,27 restores speed.By wheel front convex-concave situation of change, thus control upper and lower shock-absorbing spring 26,27 in a pitch period, restore in maximum duration, reach best effectiveness in vibration suppression.
Claims (10)
1. the oscillation damping method for vehicle, comprise and by steel or other, there is the spring ring that low internal friction materials makes and become columniform disc spring, with vibration damper cooperating, it is characterized in that: its vibration damper is single-acting shock absorber, and by upper, lower two single-acting shock absorbers (12), (13) respectively with upper, lower two cylindrical disc type damping springs (26), (27) after being in parallel, contrary by damping direction again, and on same straight line, they are together in series, in compression and extension stroke, respectively by upper, lower damping spring (26), (27) alternating spring buffering and absorption vibration, when reverse stroke, the upper and lower unidirectional vibration damper (12) that upper and lower damping spring (26), (27) are in parallel with it respectively, (13) alternately slowly restore together.
2. single-acting shock absorber according to claim 1, is characterized in that: to be with liquid or gas or liquids and gases as impact-absorbing medium, has piston and moves back and forth in indoor and the straight line the applying throttle effect unidirectional damping effect moved.
3. implement the claims the vibration damper of the oscillation damping method described in 1, it is characterized in that: by upper and lower bearing (20), (22); Piston rod (24), (25); Damping spring (26), (27); Piston (32), (33); Heavy caliber one-way valve (14), (38); Small-bore bidirectional damper valve (15), (39); Work cylinder barrel (28), (29); Liquid (16); Or gas (17); Or the vibration damper of the composition such as liquid (16) and gas (17), wherein upper and lower heavy caliber one-way valve (14), (38); Upper and lower small-bore bidirectional damper valve (15), (39) are located on upper and lower piston (32), (33) all respectively; Upper and lower piston (32), (33) move around up and down respectively in upper and lower work cylinder barrel (28), (29); Liquid (16) or gas (17) are impact-absorbing medium; After upper and lower damping spring (26), (27) are in parallel with upper and lower unidirectional vibration damper (12), (13) respectively, contrary by its damping direction again, and be point-blank together in series, wherein upper and lower heavy caliber one-way valve (14), (38) they are large-flow check valve; Upper and lower small-bore bidirectional damper valve (15), (39) to be two-way circulated valve for small flow.
4. upper and lower heavy caliber one-way valve (14) according to claim 3, (38), is characterized in that: the plate valve (55) of band helical spring (53).
5. upper and lower heavy caliber one-way valve (14) according to claim 3, (38), is characterized in that: the plate valve (55) of band conical helical spring (54).
6. upper and lower heavy caliber one-way valve (14), (38) according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the segment shape valve (56) of band conical helical spring (54).
7. the upper and lower heavy caliber one-way valve (14) according to claim 4 or 5 or 6, (38), is characterized in that the valve with some circumferential directions holes.
8. upper and lower heavy caliber one-way valve (14), (38) according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: one end of valve is connected with " cruciate flower " shape serial core track (88), and " cruciate flower " shape serial core track (88) is under the acting in conjunction of piston (32), (33) upper and lower both sides and helical spring (53), slide up and down in valve opening (87).
9. upper and lower small-bore bidirectional damper valve (15) according to claim 3, (39), is characterized in that: its actual internal area is the aperture being less than heavy caliber one-way valve actual internal area.
10. upper and lower small-bore bidirectional damper valve (15) according to claim 3, (39), it is characterized in that: controlled to pierce into upper fine-bore tube (70) by cover upper thick core pipe (69) in upper and lower single-acting shock absorber (12), (13) by upper and lower damping flow control valve (75), (76), thus after the upper connecting tube (67) at the seat of honour 20 of the fluid of epicoele (42), upper and lower cavity (44) extraction, (68) are connected; In lower thick core pipe (73), cover pierces into lower fine-bore tube (74), thus the fluid of lower epicoele (44), cavity of resorption (45) is drawn out to being connected with upper and lower damping flow control valve (75), (76) respectively with lower connecting tube (71), (72) of undersetting (22); Its upper and lower damping flow control valve (75), (76) are by respective electromagnetic coil (58), valve shaft (59), spool (60), and Returnning spring (57), housing (61), bellows (62) parts form; The suction that electromagnetic coil (58) produces, makes valve shaft (59) displacement in the axial direction, thus the change of control valve aperture, control damping flow.
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| CN107654558A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-02-02 | 永嘉县荣信科技有限公司 | A kind of vehicle shock absorber |
| CN107740836A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-02-27 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Gas-liquid vibration absorber |
| CN107999700A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2018-05-08 | 南平市建阳区汽车锻压件厂 | Suitable for the automobile front axle casting method of automobile front axle casting die |
| CN107999703A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2018-05-08 | 南平市建阳区汽车锻压件厂 | Automobile front axle suitable for setting wire connection terminal pours the automobile front axle casting method of mold |
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| CN107999700A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2018-05-08 | 南平市建阳区汽车锻压件厂 | Suitable for the automobile front axle casting method of automobile front axle casting die |
| CN107999703A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2018-05-08 | 南平市建阳区汽车锻压件厂 | Automobile front axle suitable for setting wire connection terminal pours the automobile front axle casting method of mold |
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| CN108160933A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2018-06-15 | 江山显进机电科技服务有限公司 | If the automobile front axle of adsorbent support foot pours mold |
| CN108188354A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2018-06-22 | 江山显进机电科技服务有限公司 | If the automobile front axle of wire connection terminal commutation head pours mold |
| CN107654558A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-02-02 | 永嘉县荣信科技有限公司 | A kind of vehicle shock absorber |
| CN107740836B (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2024-02-20 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Gas-liquid vibration damper |
| CN107740836A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-02-27 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Gas-liquid vibration absorber |
| CN108180247A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-19 | 岭南师范学院 | A kind of two-way function telescopic shock absorber with energy regenerative function |
| CN108708838A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-10-26 | 靖西市秀美边城农业科技有限公司 | A kind of bellows buffer |
| CN108953461A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-12-07 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of in-line arrangement hydraulic damper |
| CN111156062A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2020-05-15 | 爱信精机株式会社 | Check valve and valve opening/closing timing control device |
| CN110219929A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-09-10 | 桂林电子科技大学 | A kind of variable damping damper of variable volume |
| CN113400880A (en) * | 2020-11-07 | 2021-09-17 | 宁波燕清汽车技术有限公司 | Vehicle and method for improving driving stability of vehicle |
| CN113400880B (en) * | 2020-11-07 | 2022-04-01 | 宁波燕清汽车技术有限公司 | Vehicle and method for improving driving stability of vehicle |
| CN112963493A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-06-15 | 岭南师范学院 | Damping pull rod |
| CN115320304A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-11-11 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Hybrid multi-point position automobile shock absorption suspension device |
| CN115320304B (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2024-05-24 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Hybrid multi-point-position automobile damping suspension device |
| CN115435039A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-12-06 | 高洪涛 | Shock absorber assembly |
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Application publication date: 20150701 |