CN104741764A - Method for preparing high-bonding-strength pure tungsten composite plate through preheated explosive welding - Google Patents
Method for preparing high-bonding-strength pure tungsten composite plate through preheated explosive welding Download PDFInfo
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- CN104741764A CN104741764A CN201510104500.4A CN201510104500A CN104741764A CN 104741764 A CN104741764 A CN 104741764A CN 201510104500 A CN201510104500 A CN 201510104500A CN 104741764 A CN104741764 A CN 104741764A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/06—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of high energy impulses, e.g. magnetic energy
- B23K20/08—Explosive welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
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- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a high-bonding-strength pure tungsten composite plate through preheated explosive welding. The method can prepare the pure tungsten composite plate with a larger thickness, and the prepared composite material is free of cracks and has high bonding strength. The method comprises that step one, a pure tungsten plate is used as a baseplate, and the baseplate is placed on an electric heating plate; step two, an another metal plate is used as a shroud plate, the shroud plate is parallelly placed on the baseplate through a supporting object, a gap is reserved between the baseplate and the shroud plate; and another metal is the metal in which the melting point and the brittleness are greatly different from that of pure tungsten; step three, an explosive with the thickness equal to that of the surface of the shroud plate is paved on the surface of the shroud plate, the paving size of the explosive is equal to the size of the shroud plate, and the paving size of the explosive and the size of the shroud plate are all larger than the size of the baseplate; step four, the electric heating plate is powered on, and heating is carried out on the baseplate; step five, when the temperature of the baseplate reaches a predetermined temperature, the explosive is detonated through a detonator, the explosive welding is completed, and the high-bonding-strength pure tungsten composite plate is prepared.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of compound material, be specifically related to a kind of method that pre-heated explosive welding prepares high bond strength pure tungsten composite plate.
Background technology
Pure tungsten is because its high-melting-point, elevated temperature strength are high, the advantage such as high rigidity and stable chemical nature, be widely used in some extreme conditions, as the opposing high energy particle in thermonuclear reactor wash away impact with high hot-fluid protective materials, electromagnetic railgun rail material and heat sink material etc.In these application scenarios, often not only need the characteristics such as the high-melting-point of pure tungsten, high strength, also need the characteristic of other materials.As the facing plasma material (PFM) at thermonuclear reactor, also need the high thermal conductivity of copper and good processing characteristics.But due to tungsten and copper performance difference huge, fusing point differs 2000 DEG C, thermal coefficient of expansion differs four times, cause in its combination and military service process, exist at combination interface place high in conjunction with stress, be therefore difficult to form tungsten and the large area of copper, the combination of high strength by conventional method (as methods such as plasma spraying, high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP), liquid-phase sinterings).In addition, due to the poor processability of tungsten, the shortcoming of black brittleness, when preparing tungsten and other metallic composites that nature difference is larger with it, adopts conventional method also to there is crackle, high impurity content, hole, the problems such as high treatment temperature and high cost.
Explosion welding technique is as a kind of solid phase combination technology, adopt explosive as energy source, metallic plate is driven to clash into other metallic plates at a certain angle by explosive detonation, the extreme condition of HTHP is formed at shock place, and jet is produced near the point of impingement, under the effect that two kinds of metal materials wash away at Plastic Flow and Jet Penetration, form the combination of high strength.These characteristics make explosion welding technique be applicable to metal material larger for nature difference to combine.Because explosive welding is by laying explosive to carry out in metal surface, therefore can forms large-area welding, large-sized composite can be prepared, meanwhile, also having with low cost, be easy to the advantages such as operation.
There is researcher explosion welding technique to be applied to pure tungsten material welding, but due to the fragility of tungsten, under high strain-rate loading, be very easy to crack.Researcher have employed many methods to reduce crackle, and if the people such as Hokamoto are when preparing the composite plate of tungsten and copper, the method for application underwater explosion welding eliminates crackle, but still cannot avoid completely, and the pure tungsten plate thickness of welding is thinner, only 0.1mm.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of method that pre-heated explosive welding prepares high bond strength pure tungsten composite plate, large-area welding can be realized, together with instantaneously the refractory metal of this for pure tungsten high-melting-point, high strength, fragility being welded to other metal materials that performance difference is larger with it, the pure tungsten composite plate of thickness comparatively large (being greater than 1mm) can be prepared, the composite flawless of preparation, possesses comparatively high bond strength.
Realize technical scheme of the present invention as follows:
Pre-heated explosive welding prepares a method for high bond strength pure tungsten composite plate, and concrete steps are:
Step one, with pure tungsten plate for substrate, substrate is placed on electric boiling plate;
Step 2, with other metallic plates for cladding plate, cladding plate is placed on substrate by supporter is parallel, interspaces in advance between substrate and cladding plate; Other metals described are and pure tungsten fusing point and the large metal of fragility difference;
Step 3, lay equal thickness explosive on cladding plate surface, it is identical with sheathing sizes that explosive lays size, is all greater than substrate size;
Step 4, connection electric boiling plate heat substrate;
Step 5, after substrate reaches predetermined temperature, by cap sensitive explosive, complete explosive welding, prepare high bond strength pure tungsten composite plate.
Further, reserved between substrate and cladding plate space is 0.5mm-3mm.
Further, described predetermined temperature is 500 DEG C.
Beneficial effect:
The high temperature preheating explosion welding method that the present invention proposes, by carrying out preheating to pure tungsten plate, improves toughness and the ductility of pure tungsten plate, to eliminate the crackle that Impulsive load causes, can prepare the pure tungsten composite plate of thickness comparatively large (being greater than 1mm); Preheating method adopts heating plate In Situ Heating, and structure is simple, reliably, is easy to operation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is pure tungsten composite high temperature preheating explosion welding apparatus overall construction drawing.
Fig. 2 is tungsten plate electrical heating temperature rise curve figure.
Fig. 3 a is that the present invention prepares the pure tungsten-fine copper explosive welding sample object figure being of a size of 100 × 50mm.
Fig. 3 b is the macro morphology on pure tungsten-fine copper explosive welding sample tungsten plate surface prepared by the present invention.
Fig. 4 is pure tungsten-territory, fine copper explosive welding analyte binding regions microphoto prepared by the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the macro morphology on the tungsten copper composite plate tungsten plate surface adopting general explosion welding method to prepare.
Wherein, 1-electric cap, 2-explosive, 3-cladding plate, 4-support column, 5-substrate, 6-electric boiling plate.
Detailed description of the invention
To develop simultaneously embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of method that pre-heated explosive welding prepares high bond strength pure tungsten composite plate, concrete steps are:
Step one, electric boiling plate 6 is placed on smooth plank, be placed on plank is to reduce electric boiling plate 6 thermal loss operationally, connect the wire of electric boiling plate 6, with pure tungsten plate for substrate 5, after pure tungsten plate upper and lower surface is polished, be placed on electric boiling plate 6, guarantee that electric boiling plate 6 contacts with substrate 5 well;
Step 2, with other metallic plates for cladding plate 3, by the one side of cladding plate 3 towards pure tungsten plate, namely the lower surface of cladding plate 3 is polished, and is placed on substrate 5, interspaces cladding plate 3 in advance between substrate 5 and cladding plate 3 by support column 4 is parallel; Other metals described are and pure tungsten fusing point and the large metal of fragility difference, as copper, steel, zirconium etc.;
Step 3, upper surface uniform application butter at cladding plate 3, then medicine frame is arranged, butter is used for cladding plate 3 and medicine frame to bond together, guarantee between cladding plate 3 and medicine frame without air, in medicine frame, fill explosive 2, and guarantee that explosive 2 thickness is even, consistent in density everywhere, explosive 2 thickness calculates according to the substrate 5 of setting and the impact velocity of cladding plate 3 and impingement angle, and the parameter such as the density of cladding plate 3 and thickness, substrate 5 and the gap of cladding plate 3, the explosion velocity of explosive 2 and dose all can have influence on impact velocity.Explosive 2 lays size and cladding plate 3 is measure-alike, is all greater than substrate 5 size;
Step 4, connection electric boiling plate 6 pairs of substrates 5 heat;
Step 5, after substrate 5 reaches predetermined temperature 500 DEG C, cut off electric boiling plate 6 power supply, the predetermined temperature of substrate 5 mainly decides according to the ductile-brittle transition temperature of tungsten, this temperature is except being subject to material properties influence, also depend on the thickness of material, thickness is larger, and ductile-brittle transition temperature is higher.In force, this temperature is determined by experiment, namely not crack as good.By electric cap 1 ignition charge 2, explosive 2 detonation driven cladding plate 3 bumped substrate 5, completes explosive welding, prepares high bond strength pure tungsten composite plate.
Space reserved between substrate 5 and cladding plate 3 in the present invention is 0.5mm-3mm.
In the present invention, the industrial powder explosive of low blasting speed selected by explosive, and explosive is ignited from end by No. 8 commercial electric detonators.
Example 1:T1 copper coin and the explosive welding of 0.5mm thick pure tungsten plate high temperature preheating are tested
Before carrying out heated explosive welding test, need to determine the explosive Optimal Burst time.Specific practice is: be placed in by heating plate on the good smooth plank of heat-insulating property, connects wire, after then pure tungsten plate upper and lower surface being polished, is put on heating plate, by the temperature rising history on the upper and lower surface of diameter of phi 1mm K type thermocouple measurement pure tungsten plate.As shown in Figure 2, after connection heating plate power supply after 33 minutes, tungsten plate upper and lower surface temperature all reaches 500 DEG C, and temperature tends to be steady thereafter, no longer increases, and therefore, the explosive Optimal Burst time is defined as 35 minutes.
Adopt the thick T1 copper plate of 2mm as cladding plate, the pure tungsten plate that 0.5mm is thick is substrate, and according to structural configuration shown in Fig. 1, substrate and cladding plate gap are 2mm.Explosive adopts explosion velocity to be the bulking ammonium nitrate explosive of 2100 ~ 2300m/s, and degree of packing is 0.6g/cm3, and charge depth is 10mm, adopts No. 8 commercial electric detonator ignition charges.At connection heating plate power supply after 35 minutes, ignition charge, completes Welding experiment.
The W-Cu composite plate prepared by the present invention, has good performance.As shown in Figure 3, pure tungsten plate surface flawless.As shown in Figure 4, W-Cu weld interface is corrugated, is that typical explosive welding is in conjunction with pattern.The tungsten copper composite plate that Fig. 5 is prepared for adopting general explosion welding method (namely without heating situation), can see that tungsten plate surface has clearly and a fairly large number of crackle.Comparison diagram 3 and Fig. 5, demonstrate beneficial effect of the present invention.
Example 2:T1 copper coin and the explosive welding of 1mm thick pure tungsten plate high temperature preheating are tested
Adopt the thick T1 copper plate of 2mm as cladding plate, the pure tungsten plate that 1mm is thick is substrate, and according to structural configuration shown in Fig. 1, all the other technological parameters are identical with example 1, achieve good effect, and the W-Cu composite plate of preparation, flawless, welding quality is good.
In sum, these are only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. pre-heated explosive welding prepares a method for high bond strength pure tungsten composite plate, it is characterized in that, concrete steps are as follows:
Step one, with pure tungsten plate for substrate, substrate is placed on electric boiling plate;
Step 2, with other metallic plates for cladding plate, cladding plate is placed on substrate by supporter is parallel, interspaces in advance between substrate and cladding plate; Other metals described are and pure tungsten fusing point and the large metal of fragility difference;
Step 3, lay equal thickness explosive on cladding plate surface, it is identical with sheathing sizes that explosive lays size, is all greater than substrate size;
Step 4, connection electric boiling plate heat substrate;
Step 5, after substrate reaches predetermined temperature, by cap sensitive explosive, complete explosive welding, prepare high bond strength pure tungsten composite plate.
2. a kind of pre-heated explosive welding as claimed in claim 1 prepares the method for high bond strength pure tungsten composite plate, it is characterized in that, space reserved between substrate and cladding plate is 0.5mm-3mm.
3. a kind of pre-heated explosive welding as claimed in claim 1 prepares the method for high bond strength pure tungsten composite plate, it is characterized in that, described predetermined temperature is 500 DEG C.
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Cited By (12)
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CN108145131A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-12 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of production method of heat exchanger being combined based on vacuum hot melt with Explosion composite |
CN108160978A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-15 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of production method of high temperature impact resistance heat exchanger |
CN109967853A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-05 | 洛阳顺易钛业有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of underwater explosion composite plate |
CN112518097A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-03-19 | 中国科学技术大学 | Tungsten foil explosive welding method |
CN113084325A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-09 | 陕西红旗鸿远金属复合材料有限公司 | Explosive welding method for copper-aluminum transition wire clamp |
CN114029602A (en) * | 2021-11-27 | 2022-02-11 | 北京理工大学 | In-situ rapid self-propagating heating refractory metal explosion welding device and process |
CN114160949A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-03-11 | 安徽宝泰特种材料有限公司 | Preparation method of tungsten copper-copper explosive welding composite board |
CN115283809A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-11-04 | 中煤科工集团淮北***技术研究院有限公司 | Explosive welding method for base-free double-sided metal composite plate |
CN115283810A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-11-04 | 中煤科工集团淮北***技术研究院有限公司 | Underwater pedestal-free explosive cladding method for metal plate |
CN115351409A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-11-18 | 南京理工大学 | Explosive welding method suitable for hard and brittle metal and metal foil |
CN115948637A (en) * | 2023-03-10 | 2023-04-11 | 北京理工大学 | Preparation method of large-depth gradient hardened stainless steel plate |
CN116065009A (en) * | 2023-04-06 | 2023-05-05 | 北京理工大学 | Method and device for preparing gradient hardening black metal plate through high-temperature explosion hardening |
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CN101992345A (en) * | 2010-08-26 | 2011-03-30 | 中国兵器工业第五二研究所 | Compound preparation method of aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy laminated plate |
CN102371719A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2012-03-14 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Method for preparing copper/molybdenum/copper layered compound metallic material |
CN103406658A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-11-27 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing large-size tungsten copper faced plasma component |
CN103706940A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-04-09 | 曾智恒 | Explosive welding method for copper-aluminum composite material |
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CN101347867A (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2009-01-21 | 洛阳双瑞金属复合材料有限公司 | Method for producing aluminum-copper duplex metal compound weldment |
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Cited By (16)
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CN108160978A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-15 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of production method of high temperature impact resistance heat exchanger |
CN108145131A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-12 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of production method of heat exchanger being combined based on vacuum hot melt with Explosion composite |
CN108145131B (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2024-02-09 | 中国科学技术大学 | Manufacturing method of heat exchanger based on combination of vacuum hot melting and explosion |
CN109967853B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2023-06-16 | 洛阳顺易钛业有限公司 | Manufacturing method of underwater explosion composite board |
CN109967853A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-05 | 洛阳顺易钛业有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of underwater explosion composite plate |
CN112518097A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-03-19 | 中国科学技术大学 | Tungsten foil explosive welding method |
CN113084325A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-09 | 陕西红旗鸿远金属复合材料有限公司 | Explosive welding method for copper-aluminum transition wire clamp |
CN114029602A (en) * | 2021-11-27 | 2022-02-11 | 北京理工大学 | In-situ rapid self-propagating heating refractory metal explosion welding device and process |
CN114029602B (en) * | 2021-11-27 | 2023-02-21 | 北京理工大学 | In-situ rapid self-propagating heating refractory metal explosion welding device and process |
CN114160949A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-03-11 | 安徽宝泰特种材料有限公司 | Preparation method of tungsten copper-copper explosive welding composite board |
CN115351409B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2024-05-17 | 南京理工大学 | Explosion welding method suitable for hard brittle metal and metal foil |
CN115351409A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-11-18 | 南京理工大学 | Explosive welding method suitable for hard and brittle metal and metal foil |
CN115283810A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-11-04 | 中煤科工集团淮北***技术研究院有限公司 | Underwater pedestal-free explosive cladding method for metal plate |
CN115283809A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-11-04 | 中煤科工集团淮北***技术研究院有限公司 | Explosive welding method for base-free double-sided metal composite plate |
CN115948637A (en) * | 2023-03-10 | 2023-04-11 | 北京理工大学 | Preparation method of large-depth gradient hardened stainless steel plate |
CN116065009A (en) * | 2023-04-06 | 2023-05-05 | 北京理工大学 | Method and device for preparing gradient hardening black metal plate through high-temperature explosion hardening |
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