CN104737792A - Cultivation method for pholiota nameko - Google Patents
Cultivation method for pholiota nameko Download PDFInfo
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- CN104737792A CN104737792A CN201510110906.3A CN201510110906A CN104737792A CN 104737792 A CN104737792 A CN 104737792A CN 201510110906 A CN201510110906 A CN 201510110906A CN 104737792 A CN104737792 A CN 104737792A
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Abstract
The invention provides a cultivation method for pholiota nameko. Lentinus edodes tangs are applied to the pholiota nameko cultivation technology. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that lentinus edodes tang soaked materials and cultivation raw materials are blended for piling fermentation, beneficial microorganism reproduction is promoted, microbial florae in the materials are improved, and catalytic decomposition of the cultivation materials is accelerated; the fermented cultivation materials have high-activity beneficial bacteria and active metabolites of the high-activity beneficial bacteria, the high-activity beneficial bacteria and the active metabolites have an enhancing effect on growth of pholiota nameko mycelia, mycelium growth is vigorous, and anti-hybrid-bacterium capacity is high; after second-generation damp pholiota nameko and third-generation damp pholiota nameko are harvested, the mycelium rejuvenation effect of lentinus edodes tang lixiviums is good, the lentinus edodes tang lixiviums have an effect of promoting formation of pholiota nameko blastemas and growth of sporocarps, and the biotransformation rate of the third-generation damp pholiota nameko and fourth-generation damp pholiota nameko is high; resources such as manpower and coal are saved, environmental pollution is reduced, and the low carbon and environmental protection concept is met.
Description
Technical field
A kind of Pholiota nameko culture method of the present invention, is the technology be applied to by mushroom tang in waterloo mushroom cultivation, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Sliding mushroom quality delicacy is sliding crisp, delicious flavour, and nutritious, commodity property is good, and particularly the rete malpighii of its mushroom cap surface is rich in mucopolysaccharides, has Tumor suppression, constitutional effect, and sliding mushroom is all good edible mushroom of a kind of inside and outside quality.
Sliding the traditional cultivation method of mushroom is cured material bag-cultured or the cultivation of grog bag dish, planting material carries out inoculated and cultured after high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization, the contour molecular organic material of cellulose now in material is degraded, miscellaneous bacteria in material is also killed, therefore, when planting material sends out bacterium, mycelial growth is fast, and living contaminants is few.But along with the significantly rise of the price of labour power and fuel price, grog cultivation cost increases severely, and high-temperature sterilization also causes the loss of planting material nutriment, causes biological transformation ratio to reduce simultaneously.
Mushroom is famous and precious edible one of the medicinal fungus of holding concurrently in the world, and current China mushroom production accounts for 70% of world's mushroom gross yield, has the equal mushroom culture in the province of more than 70% in China.Because mushroom stems stiffness of foot in children, content of cellulose are higher, palatability is poor, and therefore, mushroom is being eaten raw or in process, the tang of mushroom can remove as offcuts by the producer, causes the mushroom tang accounting for mushroom weight about 30% to become discarded object.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention's mushroom tang soaks expects to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment, and do not add insecticide, bactericide during windrow, the planting material after fermentation is directly taped against ridge-up bed cultivation, and the sliding mushroom quality of producing is good, output is high.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of Pholiota nameko culture method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, annesl and management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
(1) prepare burden: corncob 54-60%, wood chip 17-23%, soya-bean cake 14-16%, mushroom tang 3-4%, lime 3-4%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described maize cob meal is broken into the particle of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described wood chip is the broad-leaved tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the offcuts in Lentnus edodes process, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;
(2) ferment, make the bed, sow, send out bacterium: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in corncob, wood chip, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation, after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3-4 time, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented is after heat radiation, directly be taped against ridge-up bed sowing and send out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, enter annesl and management of producing mushroom;
(3) management of producing mushroom: after the second damp mushroom, the 3rd damp mushroom are gathered, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01-0.02g/ml comprehensively in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 4-6kg, with rejuvenation mycelia; The preparation method of described leachate is: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by the weight ratio of 20 times, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, filter and remove residue, then complement to the original water yield, obtain the mushroom tang leachate that concentration is 0.05g/ml, add clear water dilution and use.
Mushroom tang is applied to the method for waterloo mushroom cultivation by the present invention, and apart from outside explanation, other operating procedure is all undertaken by this area routine techniques.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
1. mushroom tang leachate is full-natural nutritive liquid, containing glucide, amino acid, peptide class, nucleic acid and trace element, bio-hormone also containing abundant species, also the bioactivator do not leached in a large number is had in mushroom stems slag, soak with mushroom tang and expect to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment, promote beneficial microbe breeding, improve the microorganism species in material, accelerate the catalytic decomposition of planting material;
2. the planting material after fermentation has high activity beneficial bacterium and active metabolite thereof, has Promotive effect, show as prosperous, the anti-miscellaneous bacteria ability of mycelium growth vigor strong to the growth of sliding mushroom mycelia;
3. after the second damp mushroom, the 3rd damp mushroom are gathered, effective with mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, have facilitation to the formation of the former base of sliding mushroom and the growth of fruit body, the biological transformation ratio of third and fourth damp mushroom is high;
4. save the resource such as manpower, coal, decrease environmental pollution, meet low-carbon environment-friendly theory.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and what do not illustrate in detail in embodiment is all state of the art.
Embodiment 1: a kind of Pholiota nameko culture method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, annesl and management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: corncob 57%, wood chip 20%, soya-bean cake 15%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in corncob through prewetting, wood chip, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.2m-1.5m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3 times, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. make the bed, sow, send out bacterium: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, enter annesl and management of producing mushroom;
5. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the second damp mushroom, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01g/ml in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 4kg; After having adopted the 3rd damp mushroom, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.02g/ml, every square metre is sprayed 6kg, and by mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, fruiting is effective, and the biological efficiency of third and fourth damp mushroom reaches 67.7%, and total biological efficiency reaches 138.6%.
Embodiment 2: a kind of Pholiota nameko culture method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, annesl and management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: corncob 57%, wood chip 20%, soya-bean cake 15%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in corncob through prewetting, wood chip, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.2m-1.5m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3 times, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. make the bed, sow, send out bacterium: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, enter annesl and management of producing mushroom;
5. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the second damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 4kg; After having adopted the 3rd damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 6kg, the biological efficiency of third and fourth damp mushroom has been 51.4%, and total biological efficiency is 122.3%.
Embodiment 3: a kind of Pholiota nameko culture method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, annesl and management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: corncob 57%, wood chip 20%, soya-bean cake 15%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then the leachate after removing slag is admixed uniformly in the corncob through prewetting, wood chip, soya-bean cake compound, stockpile is become high 1.2m-1.5m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3 times, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. make the bed, sow, send out bacterium: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, enter annesl and management of producing mushroom;
5. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the second damp mushroom, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01g/ml in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 4kg; After having adopted the 3rd damp mushroom, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.02g/ml, every square metre is sprayed 6kg, and by mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, fruiting is effective, and the biological efficiency of third and fourth damp mushroom reaches 64.0%, and total biological efficiency reaches 131.2%.
Embodiment 4: a kind of Pholiota nameko culture method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, annesl and management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: corncob 57%, wood chip 20%, soya-bean cake 15%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then the leachate after removing slag is admixed uniformly in the corncob through prewetting, wood chip, soya-bean cake compound, stockpile is become high 1.2m-1.5m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3 times, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. make the bed, sow, send out bacterium: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, enter annesl and management of producing mushroom;
5. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the second damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 4kg; After having adopted the 3rd damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 6kg, the biological efficiency of third and fourth damp mushroom has been 49.2%, and total biological efficiency is 116.4%.
the sliding mushroom biological efficiency of table one compares
As can be seen from Table I: the ferment effect utilizing mushroom tang leachate to add than single leachate together with the ferment effect that mushroom stems slag adds is good, and output is high; The effect of rejuvenation of leachate to sliding mushroom mycelia is good, and third and fourth damp mushroom biological efficiency is high, obvious effect of increasing production.
Claims (1)
1. a Pholiota nameko culture method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, annesl and management of producing mushroom, it is characterized in that:
(1) prepare burden: corncob 54-60%, wood chip 17-23%, soya-bean cake 14-16%, mushroom tang 3-4%, lime 3-4%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described maize cob meal is broken into the particle of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described wood chip is the broad-leaved tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the offcuts in Lentnus edodes process, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;
(2) ferment, make the bed, sow, send out bacterium: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in corncob, wood chip, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation, after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3-4 time, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented is after heat radiation, directly be taped against ridge-up bed sowing and send out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, enter annesl and management of producing mushroom;
(3) management of producing mushroom: after the second damp mushroom, the 3rd damp mushroom are gathered, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01-0.02g/ml comprehensively in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 4-6kg; The preparation method of described leachate is: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by the weight ratio of 20 times, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, filter and remove residue, then complement to the original water yield, obtain the mushroom tang leachate that concentration is 0.05g/ml, add clear water dilution and use.
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Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1363207A (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2002-08-14 | 赵忠阳 | Prescription for culture of mushroom by fermentation with raw materials and culturing method thereof |
| CN101851356A (en) * | 2010-06-04 | 2010-10-06 | 北京三浦百草绿色植物制剂有限公司 | Shitake mushroom extract and application thereof |
| CN102613006A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2012-08-01 | 沈阳蕈丰食用菌科技有限公司 | Pholiota nameko culture method |
| CN103420723A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2013-12-04 | 邬金飞 | Pholiota nameko cultivation material compatibility and method for preparing cultivation material |
| CN103497028A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-08 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing pholiota nameko cultivation material through utilization of pecan production and processing waste |
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- 2015-03-15 CN CN201510110906.3A patent/CN104737792A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1363207A (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2002-08-14 | 赵忠阳 | Prescription for culture of mushroom by fermentation with raw materials and culturing method thereof |
| CN101851356A (en) * | 2010-06-04 | 2010-10-06 | 北京三浦百草绿色植物制剂有限公司 | Shitake mushroom extract and application thereof |
| CN102613006A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2012-08-01 | 沈阳蕈丰食用菌科技有限公司 | Pholiota nameko culture method |
| CN103420723A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2013-12-04 | 邬金飞 | Pholiota nameko cultivation material compatibility and method for preparing cultivation material |
| CN103497028A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-08 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing pholiota nameko cultivation material through utilization of pecan production and processing waste |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 何瑞峰: "食用菌下脚料的综合利用", 《今日科技》 * |
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