CN104733789A - Estimation method for lithium ion battery internal temperature - Google Patents
Estimation method for lithium ion battery internal temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN104733789A CN104733789A CN201310701572.8A CN201310701572A CN104733789A CN 104733789 A CN104733789 A CN 104733789A CN 201310701572 A CN201310701572 A CN 201310701572A CN 104733789 A CN104733789 A CN 104733789A
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- temperature
- battery module
- battery
- temperature sensor
- internal temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of battery temperature acquisition of electric automobiles, in particular relates to an estimation method for lithium ion battery internal temperature. The method includes: calculating the internal temperature of a battery module according to the following calculation model: Td(k)=Td(K-1)+(W1-W2)/C. Specifically, Td(k) is an internal temperature estimation value DEG C of the battery module at the time of k, W1 is the lost energy J of the battery module, W2 is the air flow change heat J of the battery module, and C is the specific heat capacity J/(kg.DEG C) of the battery module, wherein the initial value of the internal temperature estimation value Td of the battery module adopts the measured temperature value of a temperature sensor. The method provided by the invention estimates the internal temperature of the battery module through modeling of the battery module internal temperature so as to accurately reflect the battery module internal temperature and provide more reliable battery temperature value for BMS state calculation and fault diagnosis, thereby improving the reliability and safety of a battery pack.
Description
Technical field
The battery temperature that the present invention relates to electric automobile gathers field, particularly a kind of evaluation method of internal temperature of lithium ion battery.
Background technology
In batteries of electric automobile use procedure, estimate that battery temperature is to ensureing that normal battery operation plays an important role accurately.Such as, the SOC(state-of-charge of BMS (battery management system)) calculating in, need the battery parameter such as battery capacity, coulombic efficiency learnt according to battery temperature under relevant temperature; To judge whether battery works in the temperature range of regulation, prevents battery temperature too high or too low according to battery temperature in battery failures diagnosis.
Current battery temperature is generally undertaken measuring gathering by temperature sensor, mainly comprises following two kinds: a kind of is adopt the temperature measured by battery surface temperature sensor; Temperature sensor probe, in lithium ion battery preparation process, is packaged in inside battery by another kind, realizes inside battery real time temperature and measures.
Wherein, during lithium ion battery temperature survey, temperature sensor is placed in battery surface, utilizes the collection value of temperature sensor as battery temperature.What this method obtained is battery surface temperature, instead of internal temperature of battery, has comparatively big error with internal temperature of battery.And in lithium ion battery preparation process, temperature sensor probe is packaged in inside battery, realize inside battery real time temperature and measure.This lithium ion battery is not also popularized, and what be widely adopted remains the common lithium ion battery not with temperature sensor probe.
In order to overcome the above problems, invention has been useful improvement.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
The object of this invention is to provide one and lithium ion battery temperature value more reliably can be provided, and the evaluation method of internal temperature of lithium ion battery applied widely.
(2) technical scheme
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a kind of evaluation method of internal temperature of lithium ion battery, calculated the internal temperature of battery module by following computation model:
T
d(k)=T
d(k-1)+(W
1-W
2)/C;
Wherein, T
dk () is for battery module is in the internal temperature estimated value DEG C in k moment; T
d(k-1) for battery module inside is in the Temperature estimate value DEG C in k-1 moment; W
1for the energy J of battery module loss; W
2for battery module empty variations in flow heat J; C is the specific heat capacity J/(k of battery module
gdEG C); The Temperature estimate value T of battery module inside
dk the initial value of () adopts the measured temperature of temperature sensor.
Wherein, the energy W of described battery module loss
1computational methods as follows:
W
1=（U-U
OCV）*I*t
Particularly, U
oCVthe open circuit voltage V that state-of-charge that value table obtains is corresponding is looked into for utilizing open circuit voltage-state-of-charge; U is the terminal voltage V of battery module; I is the electric current A of battery module, t is battery module temperature computation duty cycle.
Further, described battery module empty variations in flow heat W
2computational methods as follows:
W
2=（T
out-T
d(k)）*m*C
air*t
Wherein, m is battery module air current mass kg, C
airfor the specific heat capacity J/(k of air
gdEG C); T
outfor the temperature DEG C that battery module air outlet temperature sensor records, T
dk () is the Temperature estimate value DEG C in a upper duty cycle battery module inside; T is battery module temperature computation duty cycle.
Further again, also carry out closed loop feedback calculating by following computation model, obtain the Temperature estimate value of battery module inside:
T
cg(k)=T
cg(k-1)+(T
d(k)-T
cg(k-1))/Q；
T
d(k)=T
d(k-1)+(W
1+W
2)/C-k
1（T
cg-T
ce）；
T
cg(k)=T
cg(k-1)+(T
d(k)-T
cg(k-1))/Q-k
2（T
cg-T
ce）；
Wherein, T
cgk Temperature estimate value DEG C that () is the battery temperature sensor k moment; T
cg(k-1) for battery temperature sensor is in the Temperature estimate value DEG C in k-1 moment; T
d(k)-T
cg(k-1) be the difference of the Temperature estimate value of battery module inside and the Temperature estimate value of battery temperature sensor; Q is the time constant of temperature sensor; T
cefor the measured temperature DEG C of battery temperature sensor; T
cgfor the Temperature estimate value DEG C of battery temperature sensor; k
1and k
2be feedback oscillator, and be scalar quantity.
Preferably, described k
1and k
2span be 0.03 ~ 0.1.
Preferably, the measured temperature T of described battery temperature sensor
cemeasuring process as follows: adopt at least three battery temperature sensor, respectively the air inlet of described battery module, gas outlet and positions, battery module three, surface are measured to the measured temperature of described three positions, then get the measured temperature T of mean value as battery temperature sensor of the measured temperature of these three positions
ce.
Preferably, the measured temperature T of described battery temperature sensor
cemeasuring process in, be measured the measured temperature of described three positions respectively correspondingly in the air inlet of described battery module, three positions in gas outlet and battery module surface by three battery temperature sensor.
(3) beneficial effect
Compare with product with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
The present invention is by internal temperature of battery modeling, the temperature of battery module inside is estimated, thus reflect battery module internal temperature accurately, for the state computation of BMS and failure diagnosis provide battery temperature value more reliably, thus improve reliability and the fail safe of power brick.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of internal temperature of lithium ion battery evaluation method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is made a detailed explanation.
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment provides a kind of evaluation method of internal temperature of lithium ion battery, and being applicable to the battery type of cooling is the on-vehicle battery bag adopting fan to cool battery.This evaluation method calculates the internal temperature of battery module by following computation model:
T
d(k)=T
d(k-1)+(W
1-W
2)/C;
Wherein, T
dk () is for battery module is in the internal temperature estimated value DEG C in k moment; T
d(k-1) for battery module is in the internal temperature estimated value DEG C in k-1 moment; W
1for the energy J of battery module loss; W
2for battery module empty variations in flow heat J; C is the specific heat capacity J/(kg DEG C of battery module);
Wherein, battery module internal temperature estimated value T
dinitial value adopt the measured temperature of temperature sensor.The present invention is by the modeling of battery module internal temperature, battery module internal temperature is estimated, thus reflect battery module internal temperature accurately, for the state computation of BMS and failure diagnosis provide battery temperature value more reliably, thus improve reliability and the fail safe of power brick.
The energy W of described battery module loss
1draw by multiple method.But the execution mode that the present invention preferably adopts is as follows:
Calculate the energy of battery module loss, namely for the energy of battery module temperature rising.The energy of on-vehicle battery is except being supplied to electric motor car, and some has changed into the heat of battery, and namely electric energy conversion is heat energy, and battery temperature is raised.From battery management system (BatteryManagement System, BMS) state of charge (the StateOf Charge of the battery of battery module is obtained in, SOC) value, utilizes the state of charge of OCV-SOC(open circuit voltage-battery) look into value table and obtain open circuit voltage corresponding to SOC value, be denoted as U
oCV.The terminal voltage of battery module is denoted as U, with battery module open circuit voltage U
oCVdeduct battery module terminal voltage, the voltage obtained is multiplied with blocks current I and is battery module wasted power, and then can obtain the energy of battery module loss in a temperature computation duty cycle, is designated as W
1;
The energy W of described battery module loss
1computational methods:
W
1=（U-U
OCV）*I*t
Wherein, U
oCVthe open circuit voltage V that state-of-charge that value table obtains is corresponding is looked into for utilizing open circuit voltage-state-of-charge; U is the terminal voltage V of battery module; I is the electric current A of battery module, t is battery module temperature computation duty cycle.
Similarly, described battery module empty variations in flow heat W
2also various ways can be adopted to obtain.Preferably, the battery module empty variations in flow heat W of the present embodiment employing
2computational methods as follows:
Except battery module itself due to electric energy be converted to heat energy make battery temperature raise except, battery temperature also can change due to the air stream heat entering battery module and change.When the battery type of cooling is air-cooled, air stream is from battery module air inlet to the process of gas outlet, and atmospheric heat change can cause battery temperature to change.The air current mass of battery module is designated as m, and the specific heat capacity of air is designated as C
air, the temperature that battery module air outlet temperature sensor records is designated as T
out, within a upper battery temperature calculation task cycle, internal temperature of battery estimated value is designated as T
d(k);
Battery module empty variations in flow heat W
2computing formula as follows:
W
2=（T
out-T
d(k)）*m*C
air*t
Wherein, m is battery module air current mass kg, C
airfor the specific heat capacity J/(k of air
gdEG C); T
outfor the temperature DEG C that battery module air outlet temperature sensor records, T
dk () is the estimated value DEG C at a upper duty cycle battery module internal temperature; T is battery module temperature computation duty cycle.
Further, also carry out closed loop feedback calculating by following computation model, obtain the Temperature estimate value of accurate battery module inside:
T
cg(k)=T
cg(k-1)+(T
d(k)-T
cg(k-1))/Q；
Wherein, T
cgk Temperature estimate value DEG C that () is the battery temperature sensor k moment; T
cg(k-1) for battery temperature sensor is in the Temperature estimate value DEG C in k-1 moment; T
d(k)-T
cg(k-1) be the difference of the Temperature estimate value of battery module inside and the Temperature estimate value of battery temperature sensor; Q is the time constant of temperature sensor.Wherein, different temperature sensor time constant Q numerical value is different, and in the present invention, the time constant of temperature sensor can adopt 35;
T
d(k)=T
d(k-1)+(W
1+W
2)/C-k
1（T
cg-T
ce）；
T
cg(k)=T
cg(k-1)+(T
d(k)-T
cg(k-1))/Q-k
2（T
cg-T
ce）；
Wherein, T
cefor the measured temperature DEG C of battery temperature sensor; T
cgfor the Temperature estimate value DEG C of battery temperature sensor; k
1and k
2be feedback oscillator, and k
1and k
2be scalar quantity.
Particularly, the measured temperature T of described battery temperature sensor
cemeasuring process as follows: adopt at least three battery temperature sensor, respectively the air inlet of described battery module, gas outlet and positions, battery module three, surface are measured to the measured temperature of described three positions, then get the measured temperature T of mean value as battery temperature sensor of the measured temperature of these three positions
ce.Such as, a battery temperature sensor is placed accordingly at the air inlet of each battery module of power brick, gas outlet and power brick surface middle part, object gathers the temperature of power brick in these three positions, and get the measuring tempeature of its mean value as power brick temperature sensor.The number of certain battery temperature sensor is more, and more overall reliability is stronger to gather battery temperature, but based on the consideration of cost and mechanical structure aspect, in the present invention, battery temperature sensor number is three.Be measured the measured temperature of described three positions respectively correspondingly in the air inlet of described battery module, gas outlet and position, battery module three, surface by three battery temperature sensor.
Embodiment one
The present embodiment one provides a kind of evaluation method of internal temperature of lithium ion battery, and as shown in Figure 1, it step comprised is as follows:
S1 adopts battery temperature sensor to measure battery module temperature, as the measured temperature of battery temperature sensor;
In the measuring process of the measured temperature of described temperature sensor, be measured the measured temperature of described three positions by three battery temperature sensor respectively in the air inlet of described battery module, gas outlet and position, battery module three, surface correspondingly, then get the measured temperature T of mean value as battery temperature sensor of the measured temperature of these three positions
ce.。
S2 calculates energy and the empty variations in flow heat of battery module of battery module loss;
The energy W of described battery module loss
1computational methods as follows:
W
1=（U-U
OCV）*I*t
Wherein, U
oCVthe open circuit voltage V that state-of-charge that value table obtains is corresponding is looked into for utilizing open circuit voltage-state-of-charge; U is the terminal voltage V of battery module; I is the electric current A of battery module, t is battery module temperature computation duty cycle.
Described battery module empty variations in flow heat W
2computational methods as follows:
W
2=（T
out-T
d(k)）*m*C
air*t
Wherein, m is battery module air current mass kg, C
airfor the specific heat capacity J/(k of air
gdEG C); T
outfor the temperature DEG C that battery module air outlet temperature sensor records, T
dk () is the estimated value DEG C at a upper duty cycle battery module internal temperature; T is battery module temperature computation duty cycle.
S3 sets up computation model, calculates the Temperature estimate value of battery module inside and the Temperature estimate value of battery sensor;
The object of calculating sensor temperature is that next step calculates for closed loop feedback.Specifically utilize in step S2 electric energy and air change heat Calculation battery module internal temperature that battery temperature is changed, method is as follows:
T
d(k)=T
d(k-1)+(W
1-W
2)/C;
Wherein, T
dk () is for battery module is in the internal temperature estimated value DEG C in k moment; T
d(k-1) for battery module is in the internal temperature estimated value DEG C in k-1 moment; W
1for the energy J of battery module loss; W
2for battery module empty variations in flow heat J; C is the specific heat capacity J/(kg DEG C of battery module);
Wherein, battery module internal temperature estimated value T
dinitial value adopt the measured temperature of temperature sensor.
Further, the Temperature estimate value calculating method of battery module temperature sensor is as follows:
T
cg(k)=T
cg(k-1)+(T
d(k)-T
cg(k-1))/Q；
Wherein, T
cgk Temperature estimate value DEG C that () is the battery temperature sensor k moment; T
cg(k-1) for battery temperature sensor is in the Temperature estimate value DEG C in k-1 moment; T
d(k)-T
cg(k-1) be the difference of the Temperature estimate value of battery module inside and the Temperature estimate value of battery temperature sensor; Q is the time constant of temperature sensor.
S4 utilizes the error of the Temperature estimate value of the battery temperature sensor in the measured temperature of battery temperature sensor and described step S3 to feed back, and obtains the Temperature estimate value of battery module inside.
Particularly, calculate by the following method:
The mean value of the temperature value utilizing battery temperature sensor to obtain, as the measured temperature of temperature sensor, is denoted as T
ce.To the Temperature estimate value of battery temperature sensor in previous step, be denoted as T
cg.The difference of these two temperature values is utilized to feed back the Temperature estimate value of battery module inside in previous step and the Temperature estimate value of battery sensor, namely
T
d(k)=T
d(k-1)+(W
1+W
2)/C-k
1（T
cg-T
ce）；
T
cg(k)=T
cg(k-1)+(T
d(k)-T
cg(k-1))/Q-k
2（T
cg-T
ce）；
K wherein
1and k
2be feedback oscillator, and k
1and k
2span be 0.03 ~ 0.1; T
dk () is the Temperature estimate value of battery module inside.
Above execution mode is only for illustration of the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill of relevant technical field; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all equivalent technical schemes also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. an evaluation method for internal temperature of lithium ion battery, is characterized in that,
The internal temperature of battery module is calculated by following computation model:
T
d(k)=T
d(k-1)+(W
1-W
2)/C;
Wherein, T
dk () is for battery module is in the internal temperature estimated value DEG C in k moment; T
d(k-1) for battery module inside is in the Temperature estimate value DEG C in k-1 moment; W
1for the energy J of battery module loss; W
2for battery module empty variations in flow heat J; C is the specific heat capacity J/(k of battery module
gdEG C); The Temperature estimate value T of battery module inside
dk the initial value of () adopts the measured temperature of temperature sensor.
2. the evaluation method of internal temperature of lithium ion battery according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the energy W of described battery module loss
1computational methods as follows:
W
1=（U-U
OCV）*I*t
Wherein, U
oCVthe open circuit voltage V that state-of-charge that value table obtains is corresponding is looked into for utilizing open circuit voltage-state-of-charge; U is the terminal voltage V of battery module; I is the electric current A of battery module, t is battery module temperature computation duty cycle.
3. the evaluation method of internal temperature of lithium ion battery according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described battery module empty variations in flow heat W
2computational methods as follows:
W
2=（T
out-T
d(k)）*m*C
air*t
Wherein, m is battery module air current mass kg, C
airfor the specific heat capacity J/(k of air
gdEG C); T
outfor the temperature DEG C that battery module air outlet temperature sensor records, T
dk () is the Temperature estimate value DEG C in a upper duty cycle battery module inside; T is battery module temperature computation duty cycle.
4. the evaluation method of internal temperature of lithium ion battery according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Also carry out closed loop feedback calculating by following computation model, obtain the Temperature estimate value of battery module inside:
T
cg(k)=T
cg(k-1)+(T
d(k)-T
cg(k-1))/Q；
T
d(k)=T
d(k-1)+(W
1+W
2)/C-k
1（T
cg-T
ce）；
T
cg(k)=T
cg(k-1)+(T
d(k)-T
cg(k-1))/Q-k
2（T
cg-T
ce）；
Wherein, T
cgk Temperature estimate value DEG C that () is the battery temperature sensor k moment; T
cg(k-1) for battery temperature sensor is in the Temperature estimate value DEG C in k-1 moment; T
d(k)-T
cg(k-1) be the difference of the Temperature estimate value of battery module inside and the Temperature estimate value of battery temperature sensor; Q is the time constant of temperature sensor; T
cefor the measured temperature DEG C of battery temperature sensor; T
cgfor the Temperature estimate value DEG C of battery temperature sensor; k
1and k
2be feedback oscillator, and be scalar quantity.
5. the evaluation method of internal temperature of lithium ion battery according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described k
1and k
2span be 0.03 ~ 0.1.
6. the evaluation method of internal temperature of lithium ion battery according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the measured temperature T of described battery temperature sensor
cemeasuring process as follows:
Adopt at least three battery temperature sensor, respectively the air inlet of described battery module, gas outlet and positions, battery module three, surface are measured to the measured temperature of described three positions, then get the measured temperature T of mean value as battery temperature sensor of the measured temperature of these three positions
ce.
7. according to the evaluation method of the internal temperature of lithium ion battery described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the measured temperature T of described battery temperature sensor
cemeasuring process in, be measured the measured temperature of described three positions respectively correspondingly in the air inlet of described battery module, three positions in gas outlet and battery module surface by three battery temperature sensor.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106410300A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-02-15 | 天津易鼎丰动力科技有限公司 | Method for acquiring internal temperatures of single batteries in battery packs |
| CN106505258A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-03-15 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Battery temperature computational methods and device in a kind of electrokinetic cell bag |
| CN107037077A (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2017-08-11 | 浙江超威创元实业有限公司 | Specific heat capacity of lithium ion battery determines device and assay method |
| CN109921111A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-06-21 | 上海大学 | A kind of internal temperature of lithium ion battery estimating and measuring method and system |
| CN109975711A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-05 | 宝沃汽车（中国）有限公司 | Battery failure detection method and device |
| CN110816366A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-21 | 上海交通大学 | Temperature estimation method, system, medium and equipment suitable for interior of single battery |
| CN111856289A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-10-30 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Battery pack health state estimation method |
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| WO2012143253A1 (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2012-10-26 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for determining the internal temperature of an energy store |
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| WO2012143253A1 (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2012-10-26 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for determining the internal temperature of an energy store |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106505258A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-03-15 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Battery temperature computational methods and device in a kind of electrokinetic cell bag |
| CN106505258B (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2019-03-01 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Battery temperature calculation method and device in a kind of power battery pack |
| CN107037077A (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2017-08-11 | 浙江超威创元实业有限公司 | Specific heat capacity of lithium ion battery determines device and assay method |
| CN106410300A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-02-15 | 天津易鼎丰动力科技有限公司 | Method for acquiring internal temperatures of single batteries in battery packs |
| CN109975711A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-05 | 宝沃汽车（中国）有限公司 | Battery failure detection method and device |
| CN109921111A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-06-21 | 上海大学 | A kind of internal temperature of lithium ion battery estimating and measuring method and system |
| CN110816366A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-21 | 上海交通大学 | Temperature estimation method, system, medium and equipment suitable for interior of single battery |
| CN110816366B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2022-12-09 | 上海交通大学 | Temperature estimation method, system, medium and device suitable for inside of single battery |
| CN111856289A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-10-30 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Battery pack health state estimation method |
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