CN104729925B - A kind of experimental rig of field test root system of plant pulling test strength - Google Patents
A kind of experimental rig of field test root system of plant pulling test strength Download PDFInfo
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- CN104729925B CN104729925B CN201510069541.4A CN201510069541A CN104729925B CN 104729925 B CN104729925 B CN 104729925B CN 201510069541 A CN201510069541 A CN 201510069541A CN 104729925 B CN104729925 B CN 104729925B
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 210000002683 foot Anatomy 0.000 claims description 21
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to root system of plant pulling test strength test equipment field, it is desirable to provide a kind of experimental rig of field test root system of plant pulling test strength.This kind of experimental rig of field test root system of plant pulling test strength includes plant roots and stems fixture, fixing bracket system, loading device, retainer ring, lever, displacement readings steel ruler, conversion ring, weight beam and hook, the fixing bracket system includes main anchor, displacement readings steel ruler fixed support, the plant roots and stems fixture includes U-shaped base, connecting screw rod, fishbolt and fixture block, and loading device includes loading scale pan and loading hanging basket.Principle of the invention and simple structure, adapt to different field condition experimental conditions, easy to operate, and device each several part is detachable and assembles, therefore can easily be carried to field carries out live in-situ test, and test result can reflect the actual mechanical characteristic of root system of plant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is on root system of plant pulling test strength test equipment field, more particularly to a kind of field test root system of plant
The experimental rig of pulling test strength.
Background technology
The soil and slope protection effect of root system of plant is a kind of important way for implementing ecological revetment.Root system of plant and the common group of soil
Into radical operators, reinforcement anchorage effect is served to the soil body, its destruction mainly has rhizome tensile failure model and Root-soil interface friction
Destruction both of which, both failure modes are all relevant with root system pulling test strength.Therefore, the pulling test strength to root system of plant is carried out
Test is the important evidence for evaluating root system of plant soil and slope protection effect.
At present, root system of plant pulling test strength test mainly has laboratory test and the class of field test two.Laboratory test is by right
Collection root system carries out indoor test and obtains its tensile strength.Due to departing from the soil body environment of plant growth, root system sample is easily caused
Dehydration is dried, and is had differences between the result and root tensile strength actual value of acquisition.What indoor test method was obtained is rhizome
The tensile strength of material, is only capable of reflecting influence of the rhizome tensile failure model pattern to root system pulling test strength, it is impossible to reflect Root-soil interface
The adverse effect of friction destruction pattern.Field test is mainly carried out using the engineering pulling resistance testing device of the class of jack one, operation
Complexity, costly, precision is low, the bad adaptability in vegetative coverage environment.
The content of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to overcome deficiency of the prior art, there is provided one kind adapts to field condition survey in situ
Try desired root system of plant pulling test strength test device.In order to solve the above technical problems, solution of the invention is：
A kind of experimental rig of field test root system of plant pulling test strength, including plant roots and stems fixture are provided, also including solid
Fixed rack system, loading device, retainer ring, lever, displacement readings steel ruler, conversion ring, weight beam and hook；The lever
The telescopic steel pipe in vertical hole is provided with for two ends, lever includes the activity end pipe inside fixing pipe and retractable fixing pipe, fixing pipe
One end be canned paragraph, the other end of fixing pipe is provided with vertical hole, and one end of the activity end pipe can be from the canned paragraph of fixing pipe
Stretch into fixing pipe, and activity end pipe can carry out telescopic adjustment in fixing pipe, the other end of activity end pipe is provided with vertical hole；
The fixing bracket system includes main anchor, displacement readings steel ruler fixed support；
The main anchor includes fixed pedestal, rotational support and at least three support feets；The fixed pedestal includes
Face plate of foundation, fixed plate and rotating shaft, and fixed plate and rotating shaft are all at least provided with three；Face plate of foundation is provided with tapped through hole A, often
Tapped through hole B and two U-lags are designed with individual fixed plate, the tapped through hole B is corresponding with tapped through hole A, and fixed plate passes through
Corresponding tapped through hole B is superimposed with tapped through hole A, is fixedly connected on face plate of foundation through upper and lower tapped through hole using bolt；
The two ends of rotating shaft are separately fixed in one of U-lag of two neighboring fixed plate, realize the connection of two neighboring fixed plate；
The rotational support includes steel shaft and two bearings；Two lower ends of bearing are fixed on base by connecting bolt respectively
On seat surface plate, the two ends of steel shaft are separately fixed on two bearings；The retainer ring includes the upper ring and a lower ring being connected with each other, steel
Axle can be connected by interference fit with the lower ring of retainer ring, and the lever energy is connected by interference fit with the upper ring of retainer ring,
Realize that main anchor is connected with the canned paragraph middle part of lever；
The support feet includes movable supporting leg and fixed footmuff, and the upper end of movable supporting leg is set in fixed footmuff；It is described
The top of fixed footmuff is provided with through hole, and the corresponding rotating shaft on fixed pedestal can pass through the through hole that footmuff is fixed in correspondingly support feet,
Realize that fixed footmuff is connected with corresponding rotating shaft, and support feet is rotated around the axis；The bottom of fixed footmuff is provided with locking
Bolt, the movable supporting leg in fixed footmuff is set in for fixation, and can be stretched into fixed footmuff by adjusting movable supporting leg
Length, realize the telescopic adjustment of support feet length；
The displacement readings steel ruler fixed support includes fixed panel, elongation bar and at least two branch earth-supporting branches；It is described to stretch
Stock includes the adjustable pipe inside fixed sleeving, retractable fixed sleeving, and one end of the adjustable pipe stretches into the one of fixed sleeving
In end, and adjustable pipe can carry out telescopic adjustment in fixed sleeving, and the other end of adjustable pipe is vertically fixed with described by bolt
Displacement readings steel ruler；The other end of fixed sleeving is fixed on fixed panel by connecting bolt, and the fixed panel is provided with
Through hole, the upper end of branch earth-supporting branch is threaded, and the upper end of branch earth-supporting branch can pass through the through hole on fixed panel, and using nut with
Fixed panel achieves a fixed connection；
The plant roots and stems fixture includes U-shaped base, connecting screw rod, fishbolt and fixture block, and fishbolt, fixture block are each
It is provided with two；Two fixture blocks are oppositely arranged in U-shaped base with clamping face, and pass through fishbolt and the two of U-shaped base respectively
Individual trough rim connection, one end of connecting screw rod is fixed on outside the bottom land of U-shaped base；
The ring of changing is cyclic structure, and conversion ring is provided with internal thread through hole, and the other end of connecting screw rod is by wearing
The internal thread through hole connection of conversion ring is crossed, realizes that connecting screw rod constitutes nut-screw and is connected with the internal thread through hole on conversion ring
It is secondary；Hook-shape structure of the conversion ring again with the weight beam lower end is connected, and the lower end of weight beam carries indicator, and refers to
Show that pin can point to the displacement readings steel ruler being fixed on displacement readings steel ruler fixed support；The upper end of weight beam, for
The vertical hole of fixed tube end of lever, connection is realized using hook；
The loading device includes loading scale pan and loading hanging basket；The loading hanging basket includes that at least two length are identical
Steel wire rope, the every lower end of steel wire rope with loading scale pan be connected, the upper end of every steel wire rope links together, for and thick stick
The vertical hole of movable end tube end of bar, connection is realized using hook, that is, load hanging basket and be located at lever for loading scale pan to be hung
Movable end tube end.
As a further improvement, the experimental rig of the field test root system of plant pulling test strength also includes spring, bullet
Spring is arranged between lever and face plate of foundation, and spring and lever tie point on the canned paragraph of lever, canned paragraph middle part and
Between activity end pipe is stretched into a little.
As a further improvement, the experimental rig of the field test root system of plant pulling test strength also includes counterweight, weight
Code is used to, when the test of root system of plant pulling test strength is carried out, be placed on loading scale pan.
As a further improvement, between the fixing pipe and activity end pipe in the lever, the fixed sleeving in elongation bar
And adjustable pipe between, position limiting structure is designed with；Position limiting structure can be in activity end pipe or the optional position of adjustable pipe, realization activity
Between end pipe and fixing pipe, or being connected between adjustable pipe and fixed sleeving.
As a further improvement, the position limiting structure tightens bolt for one end is carried (with movable end using bolt is tightened
What pipe or movable tube shape matched) intermediate plate.
As a further improvement, the experimental rig of the field test root system of plant pulling test strength also includes adjustable wall
Hook, adjustable hook is to be located in the screwed screw rod in the middle of square shape framework, and screw rod lower end carries hook-shape structure, adjustable
Section hook by the lifting of screw rod, can realize the height regulation of hook-shape structure；The adjustable hook is provided with two, and one adjustable
Section hook is arranged between dynamometer spring meter and lever, the hook-shape structure of adjustable hook lower end and the upper end phase of dynamometer spring meter
Even, connection is realized in the upper end of adjustable hook using the vertical hole of fixed tube end of hook and lever；Another adjustable hook
It is arranged between loading hanging basket and lever, the hook-shape structure of adjustable hook lower end is connected with the steel wire rope of loading hanging basket, adjustable
Connection is realized using the vertical hole of movable end tube end of hook and lever in the upper end for saving hook.
As a further improvement, it is described be arranged on lever two ends hook for lever two ends carry, hook it is upper
End is realized fixing through the vertical hole of lever using nut, and the lower end of hook is used for and carry connection.
As a further improvement, the support feet, fixed plate and rotating shaft is all respectively equipped with four, and support feet, fixation
Plate and rotating shaft are uniformly arranged respectively, i.e., between adjacent supports pin, between adjacent fixed plate, between adjacent shafts, the angle of formation
All it is 90 degree.
Operation principle of the invention：By plant roots and stems clamp, counterweight is continuously increased on loading scale pan, utilized
Lever principle, makes root system of plant constantly stretch, until integrally being extracted, the resistance to plucking of root system of plant is measured by weight beam
Power, corresponding root system of plant uplift displacement under different withdrawal resistances is measured according to displacement readings steel ruler, obtains withdrawal resistance-uplift displacement
Curve.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, principle of the invention and simple structure, adapt to different field condition experimental conditions, easy to operate；
2nd, device each several part of the invention is detachable and assembles, therefore can easily be carried to field carries out live survey in situ
Examination, test result can reflect the actual mechanical characteristic of root system of plant；
3rd, because lever can stretch, loading device can be adjusted according to the actual conditions of root system of plant pulling test strength size
The torque arm length of side, larger uplift force can be provided by less counterweight；
4th, counterweight can be gathered materials on the spot, and standard test weight is replaced with stone, sand, soil etc., and need not measure its quality, former
Cause is the size that weight beam can directly obtain withdrawal resistance.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is device overall structure figure of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the close-up schematic view of part A in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of fixed pedestal.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of fixed plate.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of plant roots and stems fixture.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of retainer ring.
Reference in figure is：1 lever；2 fixing pipes；3 activity end pipes；4 support feets；5 fix footmuff；6 movable supporting legs；
7 clamping screws；8 fixed pedestals；9 rotational supports；10 hooks；11 adjustable hooks；12 weight beams；13 conversion rings；14 plant
Thing rhizome fixture；15 earth-supporting branches；16 elongation bars；17 fixed panels；18 fixed sleevings；19 adjustable pipes；20 displacement readings steel rulers；
21 indicators；22 steel wire ropes；23 counterweights；24 loading scale pans；25 springs；26 retainer rings；27 face plate of foundations；28 fixed plates；29
Rotating shaft；30 bearings；31 steel shafts；32 connecting bolts；Ring on 33；34 times rings；35U type bases；36 fixture blocks；37 fishbolts；38 connect
Connect screw rod；281U shape grooves.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
A kind of experimental rig of field test root system of plant pulling test strength as shown in Figure 1, including plant roots and stems fixture 14,
Fixing bracket system, loading device, retainer ring 26, lever 1, displacement readings steel ruler 20, conversion ring 13, weight beam 12, extension
Hook 10, spring 25, counterweight 23 and adjustable hook 11；The each several part of the experimental rig of the field test root system of plant pulling test strength
Single-piece can be split as, be easy to carry, be received and in-site installation.
The telescopic steel pipe in the vertical hole for two ends are provided with of the lever 1, lever 1 is included in fixing pipe 2 and retractable fixing pipe 2
The activity end pipe 3 in portion.One end of fixing pipe 2 is canned paragraph, and the other end of fixing pipe 2 is provided with vertical hole, the activity end pipe 3
One end can be stretched into fixing pipe 2 from the canned paragraph of fixing pipe 2, and activity end pipe 3 can carry out telescopic adjustment in fixing pipe 2, living
The other end of moved end pipe 3 is provided with vertical hole.Position limiting structure is additionally provided between fixing pipe 2 and activity end pipe 3 in lever 1, it is spacing
Structure is that bolt is tightened in one end with the intermediate plate that matched with the shape of activity end pipe 3.The hook 10 is provided with two, is respectively provided with
At the two ends of lever 1, the upper end of hook 10 is realized fixing through the vertical hole of lever 1 using nut, and the lower end of hook 10 is used for
Connected with carry.The adjustable hook 11 is that screwed screw rod is penetrated in the middle of square shape framework, and screw rod lower end carries hook
Shape structure, the regulation of hook height is realized by the lifting of screw rod, also is provided with two；Two upper end difference of adjustable hook 11
Connection is realized using the vertical hole in the two ends of hook 10 and lever 1, the hook-shape structure of lower end is used for and carry connection, that is, is respectively used to
Upper end, the steel wire rope 22 of loading hanging basket with dynamometer spring meter are connected.
The fixing bracket system includes main anchor, displacement readings steel ruler fixed support.
The main anchor includes fixed pedestal 8, rotational support 9 and four support feets 4, and support feet 4 is uniformly arranged,
The angle formed i.e. between adjacent supports pin 4 is all 90 degree.As shown in figure 3, the fixed pedestal 8 includes face plate of foundation 27, consolidates
Fixed board 28 and rotating shaft 29, and fixed plate 28 and rotating shaft 29 are designed with four, fixed plate 28 and rotating shaft 29 are also uniformly arranged respectively, i.e.,
Between adjacent fixed plate 28, between adjacent shafts 29, the angle of formation is all 90 degree.As shown in figure 4, face plate of foundation 27 is provided with
Tapped through hole A, is designed with tapped through hole B and two U-lags 281, the tapped through hole B and tapped through hole in each fixed plate 28
A correspondences, fixed plate 28 is superimposed with tapped through hole A by corresponding tapped through hole B, is fixed through upper and lower tapped through hole using bolt
It is connected to face plate of foundation 27；The two ends of rotating shaft 29 are separately fixed in one of U-lag 281 of two neighboring fixed plate 28,
Realize the connection of two neighboring fixed plate 28.
As shown in Fig. 2 the rotational support 9 includes steel shaft 31 and two bearings 30.The lower end of two bearings 30 leads to respectively
Cross connecting bolt 32 to be fixed on face plate of foundation 27, the two ends of steel shaft 31 are separately fixed on two bearings 30；The retainer ring
26 include the upper ring 33 and lower ring 34 that are connected with each other, and steel shaft 31 can be connected by interference fit with the lower ring 34 of retainer ring 26, institute
Stating lever 1 can be connected by interference fit with the upper ring 33 of retainer ring 26, realize the canned paragraph middle part of main anchor and lever 1
It is connected, specifically refers to Fig. 6.The spring 25 is arranged between lever 1 and face plate of foundation 27, and spring 25 and lever 1 company
Contact on the canned paragraph of lever 1, canned paragraph middle part and between activity end pipe 3 stretches into a little；Avoid loading device after sample fracture
Suddenly fall.
The expansible of the support feet 4 draws in and Retractable, and support feet 4 includes movable supporting leg 6 and fixed footmuff 5, living
The upper end of dynamic leg 6 is set in fixed footmuff 5；The top of the fixed footmuff 5 is provided with through hole, the correspondence on fixed pedestal 8
Rotating shaft 29 fixes the through hole of footmuff 5 in passing through correspondence support feet 4, realizes that fixed footmuff 5 is connected simultaneously with corresponding rotating shaft 29
29 can rotate around the shaft, the bottom of fixed footmuff 5 is provided with clamping screw 7, the activity branch in fixed footmuff 5 is set in for fixation
Pin 6.
The displacement readings steel ruler fixed support includes fixed panel 17, elongation bar 16 and at least two branch earth-supporting branches 15.
The elongation bar 16 includes the adjustable pipe 19 inside fixed sleeving 18, retractable fixed sleeving 18, one end of the adjustable pipe 19
Stretch into one end of fixed sleeving 18, and adjustable pipe 19 can carry out telescopic adjustment in the fixed sleeving 18, adjustable pipe 19 it is another
End is vertically fixed with the displacement readings steel ruler 20 by bolt；The other end of fixed sleeving 18 is fixed on by connecting bolt 32
On fixed panel 17, the fixed panel 17 is provided with through hole, and the upper end of branch earth-supporting branch 15 is threaded, branch earth-supporting branch 15 it is upper
End can pass through the through hole on fixed panel 17, and be achieved a fixed connection with fixed panel 17 using nut.In elongation bar 16
Position limiting structure also is provided between fixed sleeving 18 and adjustable pipe 19, position limiting structure matches for one end carries with the shape of adjustable pipe 19
Intermediate plate tightens bolt.
The fixing bracket system is away from test sample root system, it is to avoid influence of the tester to test result, reduces extraneous
Interference.
The plant roots and stems fixture 14 includes U-shaped base 35, connecting screw rod 38, fishbolt 37 and fixture block 36, and clamps
Bolt 37, fixture block 36 are respectively provided with two pieces；The two pieces of identical fixture blocks 36 in left and right are oppositely arranged in U-shaped base 35 with clamping face, and
It is connected with two trough rims of U-shaped base 35 by fishbolt 37 respectively, one end of connecting screw rod 38 is fixed on U-shaped base 35
Outside bottom land.
The ring 13 of changing is cyclic structure, and conversion ring 13 is provided with internal thread through hole, the other end of connecting screw rod 38
Connected by through the internal thread through hole of conversion ring 13, realize that connecting screw rod 38 constitutes spiral shell with the internal thread through hole on conversion ring 13
Female screw rod auxiliary connection；Hook-shape structure of the conversion ring 13 again with the lower end of the weight beam 12 is connected, under weight beam 12
End carries indicator 21, and indicator 21 can point to the displacement readings steel ruler 20 being fixed on displacement readings steel ruler fixed support；
The upper end of weight beam 12, for the vertical hole in the end of fixing pipe 2 with lever 1, realizes connecting using adjustable hook 11.
The loading device includes loading scale pan 24, counterweight 23 and loading hanging basket.The loading hanging basket includes at least two
Root length identical steel wire rope 22, the every lower end of steel wire rope 22 is connected with loading scale pan 24, the every upper end of steel wire rope 22
Link together, for the vertical hole in the end of activity end pipe 3 with lever 1, realize connecting using adjustable hook 11, be i.e. loading is hung
Basket is used to for loading scale pan 24 to hang the end of activity end pipe 3 for being located at lever 1.The counterweight 23 be used for carry out root system of plant resist
When pulling out strength test, it is placed on loading scale pan 24.
During experimental test：The each several part of experimental rig is re-assemblied first, lever 1 is by interference fit and retainer ring 26
Upper ring 33 be connected, the steel shaft 31 of rotational support 9 is connected by interference fit with the lower ring 34 of retainer ring 26, and is fixed on
On the bearing 30 of rotational support 9, the lower end of bearing 30 is fixed on face plate of foundation 27 by connecting bolt 32, and formation is with bearing 30
Fulcrum and (steel shaft 31 is fixed on bearing 30, and steel shaft 31 is rotated and drives lever 1 to rotate, but can only be for the lever 1 that can rotate around it
The rotation with surface of the upside of face plate of foundation 27, can not 360 ° of rotations)；One spring is installed again between lever 1 and face plate of foundation 27
25, it is to avoid the unexpected rotation of lever 1；Face plate of foundation 27 and fixed plate 28 are connected by rotating shaft 29 with support feet 4, and several persons are connected as
Integrally.The steel wire rope 22 for loading hanging basket is connected with the lower end of adjustable hook 11, and by linking up with 10 with lever 1 with activity
One end of end pipe 3 is connected；Hook 10 is fixed on the end of lever 1 by nut through the vertical hole of lever 1；Weight beam
12 upper ends are connected with adjustable hook 11, and are connected with the other end of lever 1 by hook 10.The connection of plant roots and stems fixture 14
Screw rod 38 from conversion ring 13 screw pass through, with screw constitute nut-screw auxiliary connection, conversion ring 13 again with weight beam 12
The hook-shape structure of lower end is connected.
Branch earth-supporting branch 15 is fixedly connected, elongation bar by nut through the through hole on fixed panel 17 with fixed panel 17
16 one end of fixed sleeving 18 is fixed on fixed panel 17 by connecting bolt 32, and three is connected to one, and forms position
Move reading steel ruler fixing bracket system.Displacement readings steel ruler 20 is vertically fixed on the adjustable pipe 19 1 of elongation bar 16 by bolt
End.The indicator 21 of the lower end of weight beam 12 points to displacement readings steel ruler 20.
During specifically used：Testing crew adjusts movable supporting leg 6 to suitable length first, and by main anchor
System is erected at by root system of plant to be measured, and then displacement readings steel ruler fixing bracket system is erected at the non-displacement of side, its
Middle branch earth-supporting branch 15 is anchored at underground, by adjusting expansion link by displacement readings steel ruler 20 close to indicator 21, by adjustable
11 are linked up with to change indicator 21 for suitable position.
As shown in figure 5, the rhizome that root system of plant upper end is basseted is from two pieces of fixture blocks 36 of plant roots and stems fixture 14
Between pass through, fishbolt 37 is tightened respectively to clamp the rhizome of plant.
As shown in figure 1, the length of activity end pipe 3 of adjustment lever 1 applies weight to suitable position on loading scale pan 24
Code 23, root system of plant will be stretched constantly, and the anti-of root system of plant is read by weight beam 12 and displacement readings steel ruler 20
Pull out force, uplift displacement amount, until root system of plant is pulled out, complete a measurement for root system of plant anti-pulling mechanical characteristic；Again
The position of erection bracket can carry out the measurement of next root system of plant.After the completion of all measurement experiments, can by the present apparatus disassemble for
Each single-piece, is easy to carry.
Finally it should be noted that listed above is only specific embodiment of the invention.It is clear that the invention is not restricted to
Above example, can also there is many variations.One of ordinary skill in the art can directly lead from present disclosure
The all deformations for going out or associating, are considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of experimental rig of field test root system of plant pulling test strength, including plant roots and stems fixture, it is characterised in that also wrap
Include fixing bracket system, loading device, retainer ring, lever, displacement readings steel ruler, conversion ring, weight beam and hook；It is described
The telescopic steel pipe in lever vertical hole for two ends are provided with, lever includes the activity end pipe inside fixing pipe and retractable fixing pipe, Gu
One end of fixed tube is canned paragraph, and the other end of fixing pipe is provided with vertical hole, and one end of the activity end pipe can consolidating from fixing pipe
Determine section to stretch into fixing pipe, and activity end pipe can carry out telescopic adjustment in fixing pipe, the other end of activity end pipe is provided with vertically
Hole；
The fixing bracket system includes main anchor, displacement readings steel ruler fixed support；
The main anchor includes fixed pedestal, rotational support and at least three support feets；The fixed pedestal includes pedestal
Panel, fixed plate and rotating shaft, and fixed plate and rotating shaft are all at least provided with three；Face plate of foundation is provided with tapped through hole A, and each is consolidated
Tapped through hole B and two U-lags are designed with fixed board, the tapped through hole B is corresponding with tapped through hole A, fixed plate is by correspondence
Tapped through hole B be superimposed with tapped through hole A, be fixedly connected on face plate of foundation through upper and lower tapped through hole using bolt；Rotating shaft
Two ends be separately fixed in one of U-lag of two neighboring fixed plate, realize the connection of two neighboring fixed plate；
The rotational support includes steel shaft and two bearings；Two lower ends of bearing are fixed on seat surface by connecting bolt respectively
On plate, the two ends of steel shaft are separately fixed on two bearings；The retainer ring includes the upper ring and a lower ring being connected with each other, steel shaft energy
It is connected with the lower ring of retainer ring by interference fit, the lever energy is connected by interference fit with the upper ring of retainer ring, is realized
Main anchor is connected with the canned paragraph middle part of lever；
The support feet includes movable supporting leg and fixed footmuff, and the upper end of movable supporting leg is set in fixed footmuff；The fixation
The top of footmuff is provided with through hole, and the corresponding rotating shaft on fixed pedestal fixes the through hole of footmuff in passing through correspondence support feet, realizes
Fixed footmuff is connected with corresponding rotating shaft, and support feet is rotated around the axis；The bottom of fixed footmuff is provided with clamping screw,
The movable supporting leg in fixed footmuff is set in for fixation, and can be by adjusting the length that movable supporting leg stretches into fixed footmuff
Degree, realizes the telescopic adjustment of support feet length；
The displacement readings steel ruler fixed support includes fixed panel, elongation bar and at least two branch earth-supporting branches；The elongation bar
Including the adjustable pipe inside fixed sleeving, retractable fixed sleeving, one end of the adjustable pipe is stretched into one end of fixed sleeving,
And adjustable pipe can carry out telescopic adjustment in fixed sleeving, the other end of adjustable pipe is vertically fixed with the displacement and reads by bolt
Number steel ruler；The other end of fixed sleeving is fixed on fixed panel by connecting bolt, and the fixed panel is provided with through hole, branch
The upper end of earth-supporting branch is threaded, and the upper end of branch earth-supporting branch can pass through the through hole on fixed panel, and utilize nut and stationary plane
Plate achieves a fixed connection；
The plant roots and stems fixture includes U-shaped base, connecting screw rod, fishbolt and fixture block, and fishbolt, fixture block are respectively provided with
Two；Two fixture blocks are oppositely arranged in U-shaped base with clamping face, and pass through two grooves of fishbolt and U-shaped base respectively
Side is connected, and one end of connecting screw rod is fixed on outside the bottom land of U-shaped base；
The ring of changing is cyclic structure, and conversion ring is provided with internal thread through hole, and the other end of connecting screw rod is by through turning
The internal thread through hole connection of ring change, realizes that connecting screw rod constitutes nut-screw auxiliary connection with the internal thread through hole on conversion ring；Turn
Hook-shape structure of the ring change again with the weight beam lower end is connected, and the lower end of weight beam carries indicator, and indicator
The displacement readings steel ruler being fixed on displacement readings steel ruler fixed support can be pointed to；The upper end of weight beam, for and lever
The vertical hole of fixed tube end, using hook realize connection；
The loading device includes loading scale pan and loading hanging basket；The loading hanging basket includes at least two length identical steel
Cord, the every lower end of steel wire rope with loading scale pan be connected, the upper end of every steel wire rope links together, for lever
The vertical hole of movable end tube end, connection is realized using hook, that is, load hanging basket for that will load scale pan and hang the work for being located at lever
Moved end tube end.
2. a kind of experimental rig of field test root system of plant pulling test strength according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Stating the experimental rig of field test root system of plant pulling test strength also includes spring, and spring is arranged between lever and face plate of foundation,
And the tie point of spring and lever is on the canned paragraph of lever, between canned paragraph middle part and activity end pipe are stretched into a little.
3. a kind of experimental rig of field test root system of plant pulling test strength according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Stating the experimental rig of field test root system of plant pulling test strength also includes counterweight, and counterweight is used to carry out root system of plant pulling test strength
During test, it is placed on loading scale pan.
4. a kind of experimental rig of field test root system of plant pulling test strength according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State between the fixing pipe in lever and activity end pipe, between the fixed sleeving in elongation bar and adjustable pipe, be designed with position limiting structure；
Position limiting structure can be realized between activity end pipe and fixing pipe in activity end pipe or the optional position of adjustable pipe, or adjustable pipe
Being connected between fixed sleeving.
5. a kind of experimental rig of field test root system of plant pulling test strength according to claim 4, it is characterised in that institute
Position limiting structure is stated using bolt is tightened, bolt is tightened for one end carries intermediate plate.
6. a kind of experimental rig of field test root system of plant pulling test strength according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Stating the experimental rig of field test root system of plant pulling test strength also includes adjustable hook, and adjustable hook is to be located in square shape
Screwed screw rod in the middle of framework, screw rod lower end carries hook-shape structure, and adjustable hook can be realized by the lifting of screw rod
The height regulation of hook-shape structure；The adjustable hook is provided with two, and an adjustable hook is arranged on dynamometer spring meter and thick stick
Between bar, the hook-shape structure of adjustable hook lower end is connected with the upper end of dynamometer spring meter, and the upper end of adjustable hook is using extension
Realize connection in the vertical hole of fixed tube end of hook and lever；Another adjustable hook is arranged between loading hanging basket and lever,
The hook-shape structure of adjustable hook lower end is connected with the steel wire rope of loading hanging basket, and the upper end of adjustable hook is using hook and lever
The vertical hole of movable end tube end realize connection.
7. a kind of experimental rig of field test root system of plant pulling test strength according to claim 6, it is characterised in that institute
The carry for being arranged on the hook at lever two ends for lever two ends is stated, the upper end of hook utilizes spiral shell through the vertical hole of lever
Mother realizes fixing, and the lower end of hook is used for and carry connection.
8. the experimental rig of a kind of field test root system of plant pulling test strength according to claim 1 to 7 any one, its
It is characterised by, the support feet, fixed plate and rotating shaft are all respectively equipped with four, and support feet, fixed plate and rotating shaft are uniform respectively
Between adjacent supports pin, between adjacent fixed plate, between adjacent shafts set, i.e., the angle of formation is all 90 degree.
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| CN201510069541.4A CN104729925B (en) | 2015-02-10 | 2015-02-10 | A kind of experimental rig of field test root system of plant pulling test strength |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107589024A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-01-16 | 佛山智北汇科技有限公司 | A kind of wire bend degree detection means based on mechanics feedback |
| CN107796550B (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2023-09-15 | 湖北工业大学 | Device and method for measuring and calculating pulling resistance of actual section of in-situ plant root system soil |
| CN109696351A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-30 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | It is a kind of for recombinating the long-term tensile load test device of composite construction bamboo |
| US11703404B2 (en) | 2019-06-17 | 2023-07-18 | Colorado State University Research Foundation | Device for automated crop root sampling |
| CN110487543A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-11-22 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of luffing pulsating cyclic load loading experimental apparatus |
| CN113959828B (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2023-12-19 | 宁波康伯斯电器有限公司 | Power supply linear energy detection device |
| CN114838857B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2023-12-05 | 华中农业大学 | Multi-dimensional anti-slip pulling force measuring device and test method |
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| SU1004792A1 (en) * | 1981-05-18 | 1983-03-15 | Зональный научно-исследовательский и проектный институт типового и экспериментального проектирования жилых и общественных зданий | Device for testing cross-shaped building structures |
| CN201628673U (en) * | 2010-04-06 | 2010-11-10 | 广东省建筑科学研究院 | Reinforced concrete water drainage pipe lined modified PVC sheet retaining key tensile strength measuring device |
| CN102680321A (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2012-09-19 | 河海大学 | Lever-type drawing device for testing anchoring performance of planting bar and implementation method thereof |
| CN103454156B (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2018-01-26 | 富泰华工业（深圳）有限公司 | Pulling capacity mechanism for testing and drawing force test method |
| CN202974756U (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-06-05 | 北京林业大学 | Auxiliary support utilized by anchor rod drawing instrument |
| CN103592059B (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-08-05 | 三峡大学 | The device of pulling capacity and displacement is measured in the drawing of plant original position |
| CN103557979B (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2015-07-15 | 北京林业大学 | Portable root system anchoring force tester |
| CN203929508U (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-11-05 | 宁夏大学 | Root system of plant tensile test system |
| CN204405448U (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-06-17 | 浙江大学 | A kind of test unit of field test root system of plant pulling test strength |
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