CN104719003A - Symbiotic cultivation method of tomato grafting with purple spring potato - Google Patents
Symbiotic cultivation method of tomato grafting with purple spring potato Download PDFInfo
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- CN104719003A CN104719003A CN201510150970.4A CN201510150970A CN104719003A CN 104719003 A CN104719003 A CN 104719003A CN 201510150970 A CN201510150970 A CN 201510150970A CN 104719003 A CN104719003 A CN 104719003A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a symbiotic cultivation method of a tomato grafting with a purple spring potato. The method comprises the steps that a tomato seed is sowed, and a purple spring potato is planted; when the height of a tomato grafted seeding ranges from 10 cm to 15 cm or the grafted seeding has six or eight leaves at the last ten-day of February, grafting is conducted; growing point and one cotyledon of the purple potato are cut by a blade, then a peeled bamboo stick is aslant inserted downward about 1 cm from a main vein with a stock and the cotyledon being peeled off in the direction of a cotyledon on the other side, a wedge-shaped plane with the length of the oblique plane about 1 cm is peeled at the position below the a tomato cotyledon 1 cm to 1.5 cm by the blade, and a peeled scion is inserted into a hole. When a graft union is healed, a full and integrated symbiotic plant of the purple potato and the tomato is bred, and the tomato above the ground and the potato below the ground can be harvested at the same time, high yield and funny ornamental value are integrated in one, and the use ratio and disease-resistant ability of the land are improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation, be specially a kind of symbiotic cultivation method of Tomato Grafting purple spring sowing potato.
Background technology
Grafting not only makes the resistance of scion, yield and quality is improved, and also make its offspring morph, this technology has been successfully applied on breeding of new variety.As Meng Zhaohuang etc. successfully by mung bean grafting on sweet potato, and cultivated potato New Mung Bean Variety thus, significantly improved its quality and yield.Zhang Danhua etc. carry out long-term observation discovery to mung bean grafting offspring, its variation Absorbable organic halogens heredity.The grafting of tobacco, capsicum, eggplant, Soybean and Other Crops have also been obtained similar results.
Tomato is one of maximum fruit and vegetable of Chinese facility cultivation area, occupies very consequence in Vegetable produce, but due to continuous crop comparatively general, continuous cropping obstacle has become the outstanding problem of engagement device tomato production.At present, select Resistant rootstock to carry out grafting cultivation and become the important technique measure ensureing greenhouse tomato high yield, stable yields.Potato is Solanaceae Solanum annual herb plant, be occupy wheat and rice at present after, as the cereal crops that third place in the world is important greatly.Purple-colored potato is the rising industry of in recent years rising.Because purple-colored potato contains abundant selenium and anthocyan, and anthocyan has many health cares to the mankind, and as scavenging free radicals, antitumor, prevention diabetes, vision protection etc., purple crop is regarded as important physiological hygiene food.Purple-colored potato stem tuber is rich in abundant anthocyan, as the dominant crop in agricultural sector structure adjustment, just progressively changes to profit evaluation model crop, day by day manifests in peasant's increasing both production and income, healthy food source and the developing effect of specialty industries.
Along with the continuous quickening of China's Development of China's Urbanization, and the fast development of second and third industry, with the continuous deterioration of agroecological environment, China's arable area is reduced year by year, especially in the society now that population increase, food configuration change, existing planting technology far can not meet the consumption demand of people to potato.Therefore, explore new planting technology, making full use of limited land resources has become current very important problem.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention is for continuous cropping obstacle of tomato, soil-borne disease insect pest is serious, land resources is limited problem, realize improvement quality, make full use of land resources, get bumper crops and view and admire integrated object, and according to the ecological condition of hills area, Sichuan and existing planting technology, provide a kind of Tomato Grafting purple spring sowing potato symbiotic cultivation method.
The present invention solves its technical problem, and the technical scheme adopted is:
A kind of Tomato Grafting purple spring sowing potato symbiotic cultivation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) turn over before purple-colored potato sowing, tilling depth 20-30 cm.140 cm open railway carriage or compartment, and the wrong nest sowing of high railway carriage or compartment ridge culture duplicate rows, two row are planted on every ridge, and line-spacing is 40 cm, and base manure is executed in the ranks, ridging earthing, ridge face width 100 cm, high 30 cm in ridge, ditch depth 25 cm.In mass, N:P in base sealing fertilizer
2o
5: K
2o=15:15:15, composite fertilizer's fertilizing amount is 1200-1500 kg/hm
2.Purple-colored potato planting density is preferably 35000 nests/hm
2.Described purple-colored potato is the purple taro No. 5 of purple-colored potato Rong.
(2) mid-December is by sowing after No. 5 potato seed sterilizations of purple for the purple-colored potato Rong of band eye taro;
Described potato seed is the whole little potato of sterilization or detoxification block potato, carries out disinfection with the liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking 10-15 min that concentration is 1mg/kg.
Wherein, the processing mode of block potato seed is: by potato seed stripping and slicing, the heavy 30-50g of each potato block, with 2-3 eye, then dresses seed with ash, or is put in room ventilation place and dries; For the potato seed of not germinateing, carry out vernalization process;
(3) tomato seedling;
Wherein, before broadcasting, scald tomato seeds 10min with 55 DEG C of warm water, scald during planting and need continuous stirring, then when water temperature drops to about 25 DEG C, continue warm water bubble kind of a 10h, repeatedly wash by rubbing with the hands clean; The seed soaked is laid on clean wet cloth, then covers wet cloth, be placed on vernalization under the condition of 25-28 DEG C, can sow when major part shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.The preferred cherry and tomato seed of tomato seeds.
Wherein, substantially all sprout at seed, when seedling starts to grow true leaf, carrying out transplants seedlings heels in, and transplants seedlings preferably to warm up head fine day at cold tail and carry out the morning, and the seedling dug up roots with matrix is transplanted in nutritive cube.
Late Febuary carries out grafting when Tomato Grafting seedling plant height reaches 10-15cm or grafting grows to 6-8 sheet leaf, the plant that growth selection gesture is good, within the scope of temperature 10-15 DEG C, adopt method of plant propagation with cutting grafting: the purple-colored potato plant that growth selection gesture is good, with growing point and 1 cotyledon of blade excision purple-colored potato, then with the bamboo let cut from the master pulse reaming stock cotyledon to opposite side cotyledon direction dark about 1 cm of oblique cutting down, the lozenges that inclined-plane is about 1 cm is whittled into again with blade 1-1.5 cm place below tomato seedling cotyledon, insert in the hole with the scion being about to cut, complete grafting,
(4) under the condition of temperature 13-15 DEG C of humidity 80%, grafting mouth is healed, develop into the purple-colored potato of complete one and the plant body of the three-dimensional symbiosis of tomato, strengthen insulation, moisturizing, low light level management after grafting, after 7 d, strengthen ventilation gradually, hardening management is carried out in enhancing illumination.
Good effect of the present invention is:
(1) technology such as purple-colored potato kind, the sowing of band bud, tomato sowing, grafting, are adopted, adapt to the ecological condition of hills area, Sichuan and existing planting technology, the yield and quality of hills area, Sichuan purple-colored potato and tomato can be significantly improved, there is good view simultaneously.
(2), the present invention can overcome continuous cropping obstacle of tomato, soil-borne disease insect pest is serious, land resources is limited problem, realizes improvement quality, makes full use of the object of land resources, high yield.
(3), adopt the method for plant propagation with cutting in the application, it compares inarching method, and wound location is higher, and grafting speed is fast, and seedling vigorous index increases by 16.3%, and survival rate is up to 99-100%.After reaching 35-40 days vegetative period, underground part purple-colored potato is solid, overground part cherry and tomato result.Verified, compared with traditional inarching method, the growth potential of method of plant propagation with cutting grafting grafting is strong, on the quality of fruit without impact; After method of plant propagation with cutting grafting, bacterial wilt of tomato diseased plant rate is all less than 5.3% compared with non-grafted tomato, volume increase 17.9%.
embodiment:
The technological means realized to make the present invention, inventive features, reach object and effect is easy to understand, giving an actual example below describes the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Chengdu, Xinjin County, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province vegetables Demonstration Base, more than 30 mus are taken up an area in base, and wherein intelligent greenhouse takes up an area 4032 square metres; Tomato seeds selects coffee species cherry and tomato seed, and purple-colored potato is the purple taro of Rong No. 5 purple-colored potatos.
(1) mid-November whole, bedding, to plough deeply, use sufficient base manure sowing tomato seeds.Turn over before purple-colored potato sowing, about tilling depth 25cm, selects 140 cm to open railway carriage or compartment, and the wrong nest sowing of high railway carriage or compartment ridge culture duplicate rows, two row are planted on every ridge, and line-spacing is 40 cm, and base manure is executed in the ranks, ridging earthing, ridge face width 100 cm, high 30 cm in ridge, ditch depth 25 cm.In mass, base manure is composite fertilizer, N:P in composite fertilizer
2o
5: K
2o=15:15:15, composite fertilizer's fertilizing amount is 1200kg/hm
2.Purple-colored potato planting density is 35000 nests/hm
2.
(2) by sowing after the purple-colored potato potato seed sterilization of band eye;
Block is cut in No. 5 purple-colored potato potato seeds of the purple taro of Rong, carries out disinfection with the liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking 10-15 min that concentration is 1mg/kg, be prepared as detoxification block potato, the heavy 30-50g of each potato block, with 2-3 eye, then with ash seed dressing, or be put in room ventilation place and dry; For the potato seed of not germinateing, carry out vernalization process;
(3) tomato seedling;
Before cherry and tomato planting seed, scald tomato seeds 10min with 55 DEG C of warm water, scald during planting and need continuous stirring, then when water temperature drops to about 25 DEG C, continue warm water bubble kind of a 10h, repeatedly wash by rubbing with the hands clean; The seed soaked is laid on clean wet cloth, then covers wet cloth, be placed on vernalization under the condition of 25-28 DEG C, can sow when major part shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.
Wherein, substantially all sprout at seed, when seedling starts to grow true leaf, carrying out transplants seedlings heels in, and transplants seedlings preferably to warm up head fine day at cold tail and carry out the morning, and the seedling dug up roots with matrix is transplanted in nutritive cube.
Late Febuary carries out grafting when Tomato Grafting seedling plant height reaches 10-15cm, the plant that growth selection gesture is good, within the scope of temperature 10-15 DEG C, adopt method of plant propagation with cutting grafting: the purple-colored potato plant that growth selection gesture is good, with growing point and 1 cotyledon of blade excision purple-colored potato, then with the bamboo let cut from the master pulse reaming stock cotyledon to opposite side cotyledon direction dark about 1 cm of oblique cutting down, the lozenges that inclined-plane is about 1 cm is whittled into again with blade 1-1.5 cm place below tomato seedling cotyledon, insert in the hole with the scion being about to cut, complete grafting;
(4) at temperature 13-15 DEG C, humidity is under the condition of 80%, and grafting mouth is healed, and develops into the purple-colored potato of complete one and the plant body of the three-dimensional symbiosis of tomato, strengthen insulation, moisturizing, low light level management after grafting, after 7 d, strengthen ventilation gradually, hardening management is carried out in enhancing illumination.
Under Protected Cultivation, the method for plant propagation with cutting is adopted to carry out purple spring sowing potato and Tomato Grafting test.Compared with traditional inarching method, wound location is higher, and grafting speed is fast, and seedling vigorous index increases by 16.3%, and survival rate is up to 99-100%.
Embodiment 2:
Base, phoenix village, Zhu Gao town, Jintang County, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, base floor space 15 mu,
(1) mid-November whole, bedding, to plough deeply, use sufficient base manure sowing tomato seeds.Turn over before purple-colored potato sowing, about tilling depth 25cm, selects 140 cm to open railway carriage or compartment, and the wrong nest sowing of high railway carriage or compartment ridge culture duplicate rows, two row are planted on every ridge, and line-spacing is 40 cm, and base manure is executed in the ranks, ridging earthing, ridge face width 100 cm, high 30 cm in ridge, ditch depth 25 cm.In mass, base manure is composite fertilizer, N:P in composite fertilizer
2o
5: K
2o=15:15:15, composite fertilizer's fertilizing amount is 1200kg/hm
2.Purple-colored potato planting density is 35000 nests/hm
2.
(2) by sowing after the purple-colored potato potato seed sterilization of band eye;
Block is cut in No. 5 purple-colored potato potato seeds of the purple taro of Rong, carries out disinfection with the liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking 10-15 min that concentration is 1mg/kg, be prepared as detoxification block potato, the heavy 30-50g of each potato block, with 2-3 eye, then with ash seed dressing, or be put in room ventilation place and dry; For the potato seed of not germinateing, carry out vernalization process;
(3) tomato seedling;
Before cherry and tomato planting seed, scald tomato seeds 10min with 55 DEG C of warm water, scald during planting and need continuous stirring, then when water temperature drops to about 25 DEG C, continue warm water bubble kind of a 10h, repeatedly wash by rubbing with the hands clean; The seed soaked is laid on clean wet cloth, then covers wet cloth, be placed on vernalization under the condition of 25-28 DEG C, can sow when major part shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.
Wherein, substantially all sprout at seed, when seedling starts to grow true leaf, carrying out transplants seedlings heels in, and transplants seedlings preferably to warm up head fine day at cold tail and carry out the morning, and the seedling dug up roots with matrix is transplanted in nutritive cube.
Late Febuary carries out grafting when Tomato Grafting seedling plant height reaches 10-15cm, the plant that growth selection gesture is good, within the scope of temperature 10-15 DEG C, adopt method of plant propagation with cutting grafting: the purple-colored potato plant that growth selection gesture is good, with growing point and 1 cotyledon of blade excision purple-colored potato, then with the bamboo let cut from the master pulse reaming stock cotyledon to opposite side cotyledon direction dark about 1 cm of oblique cutting down, the lozenges that inclined-plane is about 1 cm is whittled into again with blade 1-1.5 cm place below tomato seedling cotyledon, insert in the hole with the scion being about to cut, complete grafting;
(4) at temperature 13-15 DEG C, humidity is under the condition of 80%, and grafting mouth is healed, and develops into the purple-colored potato of complete one and the plant body of the three-dimensional symbiosis of tomato, strengthen insulation, moisturizing, low light level management after grafting, after 7 d, strengthen ventilation gradually, hardening management is carried out in enhancing illumination.
In the open under cultivation condition, adopt the method for plant propagation with cutting to carry out purple spring sowing potato and Tomato Grafting test, obtain the kind of Tomato Grafting purple spring sowing potato.Compared with traditional inarching method, the growth potential of method of plant propagation with cutting grafting grafting is strong, on the quality of fruit without impact; After method of plant propagation with cutting grafting, bacterial wilt of tomato diseased plant rate is all less than 5.3% compared with non-grafted tomato, volume increase 17.9%.
The foregoing describe general principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; do not departing under the prerequisite that the invention is intended to scope, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a symbiotic cultivation method for Tomato Grafting purple spring sowing potato, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) mid-November wholely, bedding, to plough deeply, use sufficient the coffee species cherry and tomato seed of base manure sowing high-quality;
(2) mid-December is by sowing after No. 5 potato seed sterilizations of purple for the purple-colored potato Rong of band eye taro;
(3) late Febuary carries out grafting when Tomato Grafting seedling plant height reaches 10-15cm or grafting grows to 6-8 sheet leaf, the plant that growth selection gesture is good, within the scope of temperature 10-15 DEG C, adopt method of plant propagation with cutting grafting: the purple-colored potato plant that growth selection gesture is good, with growing point and 1 cotyledon of blade excision purple-colored potato, then with the bamboo let cut from the master pulse reaming stock cotyledon to opposite side cotyledon direction dark about 1 cm of oblique cutting down, the lozenges that inclined-plane is about 1 cm is whittled into again with blade 1-1.5 cm place below tomato seedling cotyledon, to insert in the hole grafting with the scion being about to cut,
(4) under the condition of temperature 13-15 DEG C of humidity 80%, grafting mouth is healed, develop into the purple-colored potato of complete one and the plant body of the three-dimensional symbiosis of tomato, strengthen insulation, moisturizing, low light level management after grafting, after 7 d, strengthen ventilation gradually, hardening management is carried out in enhancing illumination.
2. the symbiotic cultivation method of Tomato Grafting purple spring sowing potato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described tomato seeds is coffee species cherry and tomato seed.
3. the symbiotic cultivation method of Tomato Grafting purple spring sowing potato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: before tomato sowing, scald kind of 10 min, then treat that water temperature drops to about 25 DEG C with 55 DEG C of warm water, continues bubble kind of 10 h, repeatedly washes by rubbing with the hands clean; The seed soaked is laid on clean wet cloth, then covers wet cloth, be placed on vernalization under the condition of 25-28 DEG C, can sow when major part shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally; Substantially all sprout at seed, when seedling starts to grow true leaf, carrying out transplants seedlings heels in.
4. the symbiotic cultivation method of Tomato Grafting purple spring sowing potato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: No. 5 potato seeds of the purple taro of described purple-colored potato Rong are the whole little potato of detoxification or detoxification block potato.
5. the symbiotic cultivation method of Tomato Grafting purple spring sowing potato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the purple taro of described purple-colored potato Rong No. 5 potato seed concentration are the liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking 10-15 min of 1 mg/kg.
6. the symbiotic cultivation method of Tomato Grafting purple spring sowing potato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: with ash seed dressing after No. 5 potato seed strippings and slicings of the purple taro of described purple-colored potato Rong, or is put in room ventilation place and dries.
7. the symbiotic cultivation method of Tomato Grafting purple spring sowing potato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: for the purple spring sowing potato potato seed of not germinateing, carry out vernalization process.
8. the symbiotic cultivation method of Tomato Grafting purple spring sowing potato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described purple spring sowing potato potato seed adopts the wrong nest sowing of high railway carriage or compartment ridge culture duplicate rows, and two row are planted on every ridge, and ridging earthing after in the ranks executed by base manure.
9. the symbiotic cultivation method of Tomato Grafting purple spring sowing potato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described uses sufficient base manure sowing tomato seeds, and 1200-1500 kg/hm executed by its base
2composite fertilizer, in mass, N:P in composite fertilizer
2o
5: K
2o=15:15:15.
10. the symbiotic cultivation method of Tomato Grafting purple spring sowing potato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the planting density of the purple taro of described purple-colored potato Rong No. 5 potato seeds is 35000 nests/hm
2.
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| CN106212062A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-14 | 河南省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of method improving Rhizoma Solani tuber osi and Fructus Capsici graft survival rate |
| CN106305156A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-11 | 河南省农业科学院 | Method for improving potato and tomato grafting survival rate |
| CN106305149A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 武汉生物工程学院 | Potato tomato grafted seedling production method without requirement for sealing and moisturizing |
| CN106376359A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-08 | 河南省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Formula improving grafting survival rate of potatoes and eggplants, and method and device for same |
| CN107517740A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2017-12-29 | 陈耕石 | The method for producing virus-free seed potato |
| CN115299306A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-11-08 | 云南农业大学 | Agricultural method for increasing anthocyanin yield of colorful potato tubers |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107517740A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2017-12-29 | 陈耕石 | The method for producing virus-free seed potato |
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| CN106212062A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-14 | 河南省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of method improving Rhizoma Solani tuber osi and Fructus Capsici graft survival rate |
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| CN106376359A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-08 | 河南省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Formula improving grafting survival rate of potatoes and eggplants, and method and device for same |
| CN115299306A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-11-08 | 云南农业大学 | Agricultural method for increasing anthocyanin yield of colorful potato tubers |
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