CN104717658A - Congestion control method adopting spectrum allocation in cognitive network - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a congestion control method adopting spectrum allocation in a cognitive network. In the cognitive network, cognitive users communicate by occupying the free spectrums of authorized users; firstly, cognitive nodes detect the own congestion conditions according to an average data transmission rate and divide congestion degrees; secondly, the cognitive nodes which detect congestion send congestion notification information to a management node, and the management node receives the congestion notification information and then allocates the spectrums according to the congestion degrees of the cognitive nodes which apply for the spectrums; finally, the cognitive nodes obtain the spectrum allocation and then set congestion release periods according to the current cache length; the cognitive nodes actively carry out congestion detection again after a congestion release algorithm is concluded, thus thoroughly releasing congestion; the cognitive nodes do not process in the case of no congestion. According to the congestion control method disclosed by the invention, the fairness of using the spectrums by the cognitive nodes is improved, collisions can be effectively reduced, a packet lose rate can be effectively reduced, and a throughput capacity can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the communications field, relate to the jamming control method in a kind of cognition network more specifically.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of wireless communication technology, the demand of radio spectrum resources is constantly increased, make radio spectrum resources become very rare.Under existing static spectral distribution policy, some special frequency channel is very crowded, is almost difficult to reoffer new frequency spectrum resource.Meanwhile, the frequency spectrum service efficiency of much having authorized is low, and the utilance of most of frequency spectrum, less than 5%, also exists a large amount of frequency spectrum cavity-pocket.Therefore, improving the utilization ratio of authorizing frequency spectrum is the problem that solution is needed in Current wireless communication field badly.The appearance of wireless cognition network, effectively solves the problems referred to above.Cognitive user in wireless cognition network, by the service condition of real-time perception external spectrum, finds and utilizes idle mandate frequency spectrum to carry out transfer of data, realizing dynamically sharing of frequency spectrum resource.
There are two class users: primary user (PU, primary user) and cognitive user (CU, cognitive user) in cognition wireless network.Primary user is the authorized user in designated spectrum; Cognitive user, without any frequency spectrum use authority, only has under idle condition appears in the frequency spectrum of primary user, just can take its spectrum communication.But, in environment of cognitive radio network, due to the access way of different cognitive users or transmitting power not necessarily identical, be in multiple cognitive user in same mandate spectral coverage in access with use in the process of frequency spectrum and may occur interference phenomenon.Meanwhile, the precedence of spectrum allocation may is authorized also will to affect the final result of spectrum allocation may.At present, existing part research expands discussion for the spectrum allocation may process of cognitive radio, by analyzing the relation between multiple cognitive user of vying each other, uses authorizing spectrum allocation may to the cognitive user meeting certain condition.Can find, existing spectrum allocation may algorithm in the assignment procedure main with specific target function for instruct, do not consider the congestion condition of cognitive user and the fairness of spectrum allocation may process.This type of algorithm is taken as the leading factor to maximize target capabilities in the assignment procedure, may by frequency spectrum resource priority allocation to the stronger cognitive user of partial competition power, cause the more weak cognitive user of other competitiveness due to usable spectrum occupied and occur congested; Other mandate frequency spectrum resource continues vacant owing to not having cognitive user to access, and produces " dying of hunger " phenomenon.
In summary, existingly in cognition network, solve that congested method mainly realizes based on spectrum allocation may, interference may be there is in cognitive user in the competition process of insertion authority frequency spectrum, some cognitive user may occur congested less than frequency spectrum due to long period contention, and existing spectrum allocation may algorithm does not consider the congestion condition of cognitive user self in the process of spectrum allocation may.The congestion condition and the fair distribution frequency spectrum that how to detect cognitive user itself are accurately the key technology difficult problems that congestion control needs solution badly, are also the heat subjects studied at present.
Summary of the invention
The congestion problems produced in the competition process of insertion authority frequency spectrum for above-mentioned cognitive user, the present invention proposes a kind of jamming control method adopting spectrum allocation may in cognition network.Cognitive nodes detects congested by the data transmission rate in monitoring a period of time, if occur congested, then send congestion notification information to management node, management node carries out spectrum allocation may according to the degree of Congestion of the cognitive nodes of application frequency spectrum; Congested node distributes the relieve congestion cycle according to current cache length after obtaining spectrum allocation may, thus alleviate congestion.Invention increases the fairness that cognitive nodes uses frequency spectrum, and effectively can reduce collision, reduction packet loss and increase throughput.
The present invention proposes the jamming control method adopting spectrum allocation may in a kind of cognition network, and in cognition network, cognitive user is communicated by the idle frequency spectrum taking authorized user; In cognitive user, there is a management node, be used for perception, distribution and management of frequency spectrum; First, cognitive nodes judges degree of Congestion according to current data transfer rates, and sends the congestion notification message of carrying degree of Congestion to management node; Then, management node carries out spectrum allocation may according to the degree of Congestion of the cognitive nodes of application frequency spectrum; Finally, cognitive nodes sets the relieve congestion cycle according to current cache length, and enters relieve congestion process, comprise the following steps after obtaining spectrum allocation may:
In step one, management node cycle detection network, the frequency spectrums of operation of whole authorized user, judges that whether the frequency spectrums of operation of authorized user is idle, if the frequency spectrum of authorized user is idle, then adds in available frequency stave by this frequency spectrum;
After step 2, management node receive the communication request of cognitive nodes, if available frequency stave is not empty, then from table, distributes frequency spectrum to cognitive nodes, and this frequency spectrum is added to in frequency spectrum table; Otherwise, send refusal response message to cognitive nodes;
If step 3 cognitive nodes needs communication, then send request to management node, after cognitive nodes obtains the spectrum allocation may of management node, use the frequency spectrum obtained from management node to communicate with other cognitive nodes; If the authorized user of this frequency spectrum needs to use current spectral, then cognitive user exits this frequency spectrum; Otherwise, this frequency spectrum of sign off backed off after random;
Step 4, cognitive nodes periodically calculate average data transfer rate
, and the congestion condition of self is detected according to current mean data transfer rate; If occur congested, then congested classification is generated the degree of Congestion of node self, and degree of Congestion is embedded in congestion notification packets of information, send to management node, perform step 5; Otherwise, perform step 8;
After step 5, management node receive congestion notification packets of information, according to available frequency stave with by the information in frequency spectrum table, and carry out spectrum allocation may according to the degree of Congestion of the cognitive nodes of application frequency spectrum;
Step 6, congested node obtain the spectrum allocation may of management node, according to the buffer storage length setting relieve congestion cycle, and enter relieve congestion process; Otherwise, wait for spectrum allocation may;
After step 7, relieve congestion end cycle, cognitive nodes judges congested whether releasing, if the average transmission rate of node
be greater than congestion threshold
, then step 8 is performed; Otherwise, perform step 4;
Step 8, end.
Compared with existing jamming control method, advantage of the present invention is:
1, the cognitive nodes that the present invention proposes detects self congestion condition by average data transfer rate, can not only in real time and the congestion condition of detection accurately itself, and also do not need extra communication overhead, detection method is simple.In relieve congestion process, cognitive nodes is according to the current cache length setting relieve congestion cycle, and congested node can be avoided in relieve congestion process to take frequency spectrum for a long time, and it is congested to cause other cognitive nodes to produce.After executing relieve congestion algorithm, again carry out jamming judgment, congested thorough releasing can be guaranteed.
2, the present invention performs spectrum allocation may algorithm according to degree of Congestion, and congested node not only can take idle frequency spectrum, can also take the frequency spectrum of other low degree of Congestion node, decreases the time of congested node access frequency spectrum; Improve fairness and the efficiency of frequency spectrum use, effectively reduce collision and packet loss, and improve throughput.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is congestion control flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is network topology structure schematic diagram in the cognition network that provides of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of management node spectrum allocation may process in the cognition network that provides of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention proposes the jamming control method adopting spectrum allocation may in a kind of cognition network.Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, further concrete elaboration is done to embodiment of the present invention.
1., see accompanying drawing 1, it is congestion control flow chart of the present invention; In the present invention, first, cognitive nodes detects congested by the data transmission rate of monitoring itself, and divides degree of Congestion; Then, detect that congested cognitive nodes sends congestion notification information to management node, after management node receives congestion notification message, according to available frequency stave with by the information in frequency spectrum table, and distribute frequency spectrum to congested node in conjunction with degree of Congestion; Finally, congested node obtains after spectrum allocation may, accesses frequency spectrum carry out relieve congestion according to the current cache length setting relieve congestion cycle; After congested node performs relieve congestion algorithm, then carry out congestion detection, thus can thoroughly remove congested; If do not occur congested, then do not process.
2., see accompanying drawing 2, it is network topology structure schematic diagram in the cognition network that provides of the present embodiment; In the present embodiment, suppose have in cognition network
individual cognitive nodes, one of them is management node.In the coverage of cognition network, there is an authorisation network, total
individual frequency spectrums of operation, is designated as
, maximum authorized user is
individual, the corresponding frequency spectrums of operation of corresponding distribution.When the frequency spectrum of cognitive user and if only if authorized user is idle, could use its frequency spectrum, when certain cognitive user needs communicate, first, pass through common signal channel
to management node
send communication request; Then, management node selects suitable spectrum allocation may to cognitive user in the idle frequency spectrum detected.Concrete implementation step is as follows:
(1) management node
the frequency spectrums of operation of whole authorized user in cycle detection authorisation network
, judge that whether frequency spectrum is idle, if the frequency spectrum of authorized user is idle, then add this frequency spectrum to available frequency stave
in; If available frequency stave
in frequency spectrum used by cognitive user, then by this frequency spectrum from table delete;
(2) management node
after receiving the communication request of cognitive nodes, if available frequency stave
in have frequency spectrum, then from table distribute frequency spectrum arbitrarily
communicate to cognitive nodes, and this frequency spectrum is added to use frequency spectrum
in table; Otherwise, send refusal response message to cognitive nodes;
(3) cognitive nodes is worked as
after obtaining the spectrum allocation may of management node, use the frequency spectrum obtained from management node
communicate with other cognitive nodes; If the authorized user of this frequency spectrum needs to use current spectral, then cognitive nodes exits this frequency spectrum; Otherwise, this frequency spectrum of sign off backed off after random.
3. cognitive nodes is once congested generation be detected, will send congestion notification information to management node; After acquisition spectrum allocation may, perform relieve congestion algorithm.Concrete implementation step is as follows:
(1) cognitive nodes exists
data transmission rate in cycle
for:
（1）
for cognitive nodes exists
the number of times of data Successful transmissions in cycle,
for cognitive nodes exists
the number of times (number of times of the bust this due to channel busy) channel busy being detected after back off time terminates is performed in cycle,
for cognitive nodes exists
successfully response message is not received and the number of times retransmitted in cycle; Cognitive nodes upgrades current average transmission rate
for:
（2）
Cognitive nodes is in the cycle
after end, judge degree of Congestion according to transfer rate
:
If transfer rate
, then the degree of Congestion of predicate node
be 0;
If transfer rate
, then the degree of Congestion of predicate node
be 1;
If transfer rate
, then the degree of Congestion of predicate node
be 2;
If transfer rate
, then the degree of Congestion of predicate node
be 3;
Cognitive nodes is by degree of Congestion
be embedded in congestion notification packets of information, send to management node;
(2) if occur, congested cognitive nodes obtains the spectrum allocation may of management node, then set the relieve congestion cycle; Suppose that the time that node sends a packets need is
:
If the 1. current cache length of node
, then the setting relieve congestion cycle is
;
If the 2. current cache length of node
, then the setting relieve congestion cycle is
;
If the 3. current cache length of node
, then the setting relieve congestion cycle is
;
After period allocated, access frequency spectrum immediately and enter relieve congestion process;
(3) after relieve congestion end cycle, occur congested cognitive nodes judges congested whether releasing: if
, then relieve congestion is judged; Otherwise, perform (2).
4., see accompanying drawing 3, it is the flow chart of management node spectrum allocation may process in the cognition network that provides of the present embodiment; After management node receives congestion notification packets of information, according to available frequency stave
use frequency spectrum table
in information, and in conjunction with degree of Congestion distribute frequency spectrum, concrete implementation step is as follows:
(1) if management node receives the congestion notification bag that degree of Congestion is 1, available frequency stave is checked
if have frequency spectrum in table, then arbitrarily select a frequency spectrum
distribute to current congested node; Otherwise, by the spectrum allocation may that takies without congested cognitive nodes to congested node;
(2) if management node receives the congestion notification bag that degree of Congestion is 2, available frequency stave is checked
if frequency spectrum table is not empty, then arbitrarily select a frequency spectrum
distribute to current congested node; Otherwise, check and used frequency spectrum table
, and the frequency spectrum will taken without congested cognitive nodes successively from table
or degree of Congestion is the frequency spectrum that takies of cognitive nodes of 1
distribute to congested node;
(3) if management node receives the congestion notification bag that degree of Congestion is 3, available frequency stave is checked
if frequency spectrum table is not empty, then arbitrarily select a frequency spectrum
distribute to current congested node; Otherwise, check and used frequency spectrum table
, and the frequency spectrum will taken without congested cognitive nodes successively from table
or degree of Congestion is the frequency spectrum that takies of cognitive nodes of 1 or 2
distribute to congested node.
Claims (4)
1. adopt the jamming control method of spectrum allocation may in cognition network, it is characterized in that, in cognition network, cognitive user is communicated by the idle frequency spectrum taking authorized user; In cognitive user, there is a management node, be used for perception, distribution and management of frequency spectrum; First, cognitive nodes judges degree of Congestion according to data transmission rate, and sends the congestion notification message of carrying degree of Congestion to management node; Then, management node carries out spectrum allocation may according to the degree of Congestion of the cognitive nodes of application frequency spectrum; Finally, after cognitive nodes obtains spectrum allocation may, set the relieve congestion cycle according to current buffer storage length, and enter relieve congestion process, described method at least comprises the following steps:
In step one, management node cycle detection network, the frequency spectrums of operation of whole authorized user, judges that whether the frequency spectrums of operation of authorized user is idle, if the frequency spectrum of authorized user is idle, then adds in available frequency stave by this frequency spectrum;
After step 2, management node receive the communication request of cognitive nodes, if available frequency stave is not empty, then from table, distributes frequency spectrum to cognitive nodes, and this frequency spectrum is added to in frequency spectrum table; Otherwise, send refusal response message to cognitive nodes;
If step 3 cognitive nodes needs communication, then send request to management node, after cognitive nodes obtains the spectrum allocation may of management node, use the frequency spectrum obtained from management node to communicate with other cognitive nodes; If the authorized user of this frequency spectrum needs to use current spectral, then cognitive user exits this frequency spectrum; Otherwise, this frequency spectrum of sign off backed off after random;
The average data transfer rate of the periodic computing node of step 4, cognitive nodes
, and the congestion condition of self is detected according to current average data transfer rate; If occur congested, then congested classification is generated the degree of Congestion of node self, and degree of Congestion is embedded in congestion notification packets of information sends to management node, perform step 5; Otherwise, perform step 8;
After step 5, management node receive congestion notification packets of information, according to available frequency stave with by the information in frequency spectrum table, and carry out spectrum allocation may according to the degree of Congestion of the cognitive nodes of application frequency spectrum;
After step 6, congested node obtain the spectrum allocation may of management node, according to the buffer storage length setting relieve congestion cycle, and enter relieve congestion process; Otherwise, wait for spectrum allocation may;
After step 7, relieve congestion end cycle, cognitive nodes judges congested whether releasing, if the average transmission rate of node
be greater than congestion threshold
, then step 8 is performed; Otherwise, perform step 4;
Step 8, end.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 4, cognitive nodes detects the congestion condition of self and divides degree of Congestion, at least further comprising the steps of:
(1) cognitive nodes obtains the average time of the channel allocation of management node
for:
for the length of the request packet that cognitive nodes sends,
for the length of the response packet that management node is replied,
for the transmission rate of bag,
for the average backing off time of node competitive channel,
for the transmission delay of bag; Cognitive nodes after all neighbor nodes all obtain a channel allocation, namely
, detect the congestion condition of self; Wherein,
for the neighbor node total number of cognitive nodes;
(2) cognitive nodes exists
data transmission rate in cycle
for:
for cognitive nodes exists
the number of times of Successful transmissions data in cycle,
for cognitive nodes exists
the number of times (number of times of the bust this due to channel busy) channel busy being detected after back off time terminates is performed in cycle,
for cognitive nodes exists
successfully response packet is not received and the number of times retransmitted in cycle; Therefore, cognitive nodes upgrades current average transmission rate
for:
(3) cognitive nodes judges degree of Congestion according to transfer rate
:
If transfer rate
, then the degree of Congestion of predicate node
for 0(is namely without congested);
If transfer rate
, then the degree of Congestion of predicate node
be 1;
If transfer rate
, then the degree of Congestion of predicate node
be 2;
If transfer rate
, then the degree of Congestion of predicate node
be 3.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, after in step 5, management node receives congestion notification packets of information, according to available frequency stave with by the information in frequency spectrum table, degree of Congestion according to the cognitive nodes of application frequency spectrum carries out spectrum allocation may, at least further comprising the steps of:
(1) if management node receives the congestion notification bag that degree of Congestion is 1, if there is usable spectrum, then arbitrarily select a spectrum allocation may to current congested node; Otherwise, by the spectrum allocation may that takies without congested cognitive nodes to congested node;
(2) if management node receives the congestion notification bag that degree of Congestion is 2, if there is usable spectrum, then arbitrarily select a spectrum allocation may to current congested node; Otherwise the spectrum allocation may cognitive nodes being 1 without congested cognitive nodes or degree of Congestion taken successively is to congested node;
(3) if management node receives the congestion notification bag that degree of Congestion is 3, if there is usable spectrum, then arbitrarily select a spectrum allocation may to current congested node; Otherwise, successively by without congested cognitive nodes and degree of Congestion lower than 3 the spectrum allocation may that takies of cognitive nodes to congested node.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, after cognitive nodes congested in step 6 obtains the spectrum allocation may of management node, the setting relieve congestion cycle, at least further comprising the steps of:
Suppose that the time that node sends a packets need is
;
(1) if the current cache length of node
, then the setting relieve congestion cycle is
;
(2) if the current cache length of node
, then the setting relieve congestion cycle is
;
(3) if the current cache length of node
, then the setting relieve congestion cycle is
.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114024905A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-02-08 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | Congestion control method based on random access star topology network under shared channel |
| CN118101101A (en) * | 2024-04-26 | 2024-05-28 | 泰州职业技术学院 | Cloud computing system and method based on WIFI network |
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2015
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| US20090196180A1 (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2009-08-06 | Microsoft Corporation | Dynamic Time-Spectrum Block Allocation for Cognitive Radio Networks |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114024905A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-02-08 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | Congestion control method based on random access star topology network under shared channel |
| CN114024905B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2023-10-17 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | Congestion control method based on random access star topology network under shared channel |
| CN118101101A (en) * | 2024-04-26 | 2024-05-28 | 泰州职业技术学院 | Cloud computing system and method based on WIFI network |
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