CN104711634A - Diffusion layer of solid polymer electrolyte water electrolysis cell, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Diffusion layer of solid polymer electrolyte water electrolysis cell, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104711634A CN104711634A CN201310689520.3A CN201310689520A CN104711634A CN 104711634 A CN104711634 A CN 104711634A CN 201310689520 A CN201310689520 A CN 201310689520A CN 104711634 A CN104711634 A CN 104711634A
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- diffusion layer
- flow field
- oxide
- titanium
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a diffusion layer of a solid polymer electrolyte water electrolysis cell; the diffusion layer has best physical properties, can fully supply reaction water to electrodes, also can timely discharge generated gas, thereby greatly improving operating characteristics of the water electrolysis cell. The diffusion layer and a gas-liquid flow field form an integral structure, and the gas-liquid flow field can be molded by adopting stamping, forging and other processes; the diffusion layer prepared by the molding processes has controllable thickness, has the area to be easily enlarged, and is high in production efficiency. After the molded flow field diffusion layer having the integral structure is subjected to coating treatment, the solid polymer electrolyte water electrolysis cell flow field diffusion layer is formed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solid polymer electrolyte water electrolytic cell, particularly a kind of diffusion layer and preparation method thereof of solid polymer electrolyte water electrolytic cell.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the sustained and rapid development of world economy, the demand of the mankind to the energy constantly increases, and result in the Nonrenewable energy resources such as fossil oil day by day exhausted, and energy dilemma is day by day serious.And fossil energy consumes in a large number, also exacerbate environmental pollution, the living environment of the mankind in serious threat.Therefore, in order to the Sustainable development of human society, researching and developing various novel green renewable energy source becomes inevitable choice.Hydrogen calorific value is high, and zero release is described as the energy carrier being hopeful alternative fossil energy most.By the technology of water electrolysis hydrogen production, can avoid using fossil resource, and can prepare from water easily not containing the high-purity hydrogen of carbon monoxide, sulfide and nitride.For this reason, the power-actuated water electrolysis hydrogen production utilizing solar cell, wind-power electricity generation and electrical network low power consumption more than needed will be extremely important hydrogen technology.
Solid polymer electrolyte (Solid Polymer Electrolyte, be called for short SPE) pure water electrolysis tech has the advantages such as efficiency is high, gas purity is high, the safe and reliable life-span is long, is acknowledged as that hydrogen preparation field is given priority to, even first-selected method.Compared with traditional alkaline electrolysis technology, SPE water electrolytic cell technology has the plurality of advantages such as gas purity is high, environmental protection, energy consumption is low, non-alkali liquor, volume are little.Therefore, SPE water electrolytic cell technology has good development prospect.
Diffusion layer is the key part of SPE water electrolytic cell, and its material should have good conductivity, erosion resistance, mechanical mechanics property and higher electrochemical stability.
JP2004035933.A proposes a kind of manufacture method of water electrolyzer current collector, the method discusses the preparation of titanium fibrefelt, specifically the titanium fiber yarn of diameter 10-40 μm is prolonged into certain thickness titanium fibrefelt at the pressure of 100MPa, use to electrical equipment (diffusion layer) as electrolyzer.CN101736359A describes the electrolyzer of a kind of SPE, and the material in its anode integral type diffusion layer flow field is expanded metal, wire cloth, carbon material or several mixolimnions etc.; This diffusion layer is shaping can be direct mould compacting or injection moulding, material after the pre-treatment such as polishing, polishing, pickling electromachining or mechanical workout shaping.
The present invention proposes a kind of method utilizing the techniques such as calendering or forging and stamping to prepare integral type flow field diffusion layer, be applicable to mass production, electrolyzer cost can be reduced, promote the marketization of SPE water electrolysis technology.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the preparation method of the diffusion layer of a kind of solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) water electrolytic cell, electrolyser construction can be simplified, improve electrolyzer performance and electrolytic efficiency.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
First, the porous substrate of a diffusion layer is provided, this base material is nickel foam, nickel fibre felt, Stainless Steel Fibre felt, titanium fibrefelt, powder sintered nickel porous plate, powder sintered POROUS TITANIUM PLATE, by above porous substrate moulding process, as shaping in one or more of the techniques such as calendering, roll rolling, mold pressing or machining, form the diffusion layer substrate with flow field; Or adopt titanium valve, nickel powder or Stainless Steel Powder, directly form the diffusion layer substrate with flow field by punching press, calendering, roll rolling, isostatic pressed, mold pressing.
Secondly, by the flow field diffusion layer of porous substrate or shaping integral structure, anneal 1-4 time under temperature 700-1300 DEG C and vacuum environment; Or the flow field diffusion layer of integral structure is carried out coating process.
Finally, the flow field diffusion layer of integral structure is carried out coating process, wherein preparation technology of coating, preferably adopt plating Pt, Au, or sintering oxidation iridium, iridium ru oxide, iridium tin-oxide, or Vacuum Sputtering of Titanium Nitride, titanium carbide, iridium oxide, titanium oxide.
The dark 0.2-1.0mm of groove in described integral structure flow field, the wide 0.3-1.5mm of groove, boss or the wide 0.3-1.5mm of ridge; It can be used for anode and the negative electrode of solid polymer electrolyte electrolyzer, also can be used alone.
The diffusion layer of described a kind of solid polymer electrolyte water electrolytic cell, has following index: it has: thickness is 0.3-1.0mm, pore dimension is 5 μm-1000 μm, gas permeability coefficient is 0.2 × 10
-12m
2-5 × 10
-12m
2, water-permeable is 200 × 10
-17m
2-2000 × 10
-17m
2be 30%-80%(volume with open-cell porosity).
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages
1. with short production cycle, improve production efficiency.
2. diffusion layer flow field adopts integral molding technique, can reduce contact resistance, improve electrolytic efficiency again.
3. the method does not need to process flow field on diffusion layer, can reduce electrolyzer cost, reduces electrolyzer thickness, makes electrolyser construction compacter.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 one-sided flow field diffuse layer structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 bilateral flow field diffuse layer structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 titanium fibrefelt makes the electrolyzer just performance comparison of diffusion layer with or without flow field.
Fig. 4 POROUS TITANIUM PLATE and nickel plate make the electrolyzer electrolyzer just performance comparison of diffusion layer with or without flow field.
Fig. 5 electrolyzer beta stability line.
Fig. 1 and 2 is diffusion layer flow field integral structure figure, and 1 is conducting boss, and 2 is gas-liquid flow field (groove), and 3 is plate thickness.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The porous substrate that experiment adopts is titanium fibrefelt, is that the die stamping of the titanium fibrefelt band runner of 1.5mm is shaping, forms the integral type flow field diffusion layer of groove width 1.4mm, the wide 1.4mm of boss, groove depth 0.5mm by thickness.To its platinum plating, be then used in the anode and cathode of SPE water electrolytic cell, film is Nafion212, carries out performance evaluation, as shown in Figure 3 after assembling.Adopt and make diffusion layer without the titanium fibrefelt of flow field structure, cell current density is at 500mA/cm
2electrolysis voltage be 1.55V, and use the diffusion layer of integral type flow field diffusion layer titanium fibrefelt, electrolyzer is 500mA/cm in current density
2time electrolysis voltage be 1.59V, electrolysis performance is better than the diffusion layer of non-Unitary structure.
In example 1, integral type flow field diffusion layer has following physical properties:
Water-permeable: 900 × 10
-17m
2
Gas permeability: 4 × 10
-12m
2
Porosity: 68%
Pore diameter range: 8 μm-400 μm
Thickness: 0.9mm
Embodiment 2
The rolling on roller mill of titanium valve and nickel powder is used in experiment respectively, forms the integral type flow field diffusion layer of groove width 1.2mm, the wide 1.0mm of boss, groove depth 0.6mm.Then, titanium base material, at 1200 DEG C, is calcined 2 times under vacuum condition; Ni-based material, at 1300 DEG C, is calcined 1 time under hydrogen atmosphere.Finally be coated with iridium tin-oxide to titanium integral type diffusion layer, silver-plated to nickel integral type diffusion layer, then it is used in respectively anode and the negative electrode of SPE water electrolytic cell, film is Nafion117, carries out performance evaluation, as shown in Figure 4 after assembling.Adopt non-Unitary flow field diffusion layer, its current density is at 500mA/cm
2electrolysis voltage be 1.64V, and use the flow field diffusion layer of titanium integral type and nickel integral type, electrolyzer is 500mA/cm in current density
2time electrolysis voltage be 1.61V, electrolysis performance is better than non-Unitary flow field structure diffusion layer.
In example 2, POROUS TITANIUM integral type flow field diffusion layer has following physical properties:
Water-permeable: 500 × 10
-17m
2
Gas permeability: 1 × 10
-12m
2
Porosity: 40%
Pore diameter range: 10 μm-240 μm
Thickness: 1.2mm
In example 2, nickel porous integral type flow field diffusion layer has following physical properties:
Water-permeable: 300 × 10
-17m
2
Gas permeability: 2 × 10
-12m
2
Porosity: 35%
Pore diameter range: 6 μm-150 μm
Thickness: 0.6mm
Embodiment 3
The porous substrate of experiment is the porous stainless steel plate that 1mm is thick.Adopt machining, form integral type diffusion layer flow field, then at 1000 DEG C, anneal 3 times under vacuum condition, form the integral type flow field diffusion layer of groove width 0.8mm, the wide 1.0mm of boss, groove depth 0.3mm.Finally gold-plated to integral type diffusion layer flow field, then it is used in respectively anode and the negative electrode of SPE water electrolytic cell, film is Nafion212, carries out performance evaluation, as shown in Figure 5 after assembling.Electrolyzer is when electrolysis voltage is 1.78V, and electrolytic current density is 800mA/cm
2run 100h, performance kept stable.
In example 3, Porous Stainless Steel integral type flow field diffusion layer has following physical properties:
Water-permeable: 400 × 10
-17m
2
Gas permeability: 4.5 × 10
-12m
2
Porosity: 50%
Pore diameter range: 15 μm-250 μm
Thickness: 1.0mm
Above example illustrates, diffusion layer prepared by the present invention can meet the service requirements of SPE water electrolytic cell, can improve electrolytic efficiency, extends the cell operation life-span.
Claims (10)
1. a preparation method for the flow field diffusion layer of solid polymer electrolyte water electrolytic cell integral structure, is characterized in that: diffusion layer and gas-liquid flow field are integral type structure, and preparation comprises the following steps:
(1) porous material is selected to make diffusion layer substrate, by the base material diffusion layer of moulding process formation with flow field; Or metal-powder is shaping, form the diffusion layer substrate with flow field;
(2) by 1) described in the diffusion layer substrate with flow field carry out coating process, or diffusion layer substrate is annealed under vacuum or hydrogen, or carry out coating process after being annealed under vacuum or hydrogen by the diffusion layer substrate with flow field, be formed in the flow field diffusion layer of the integral structure that solid polymer electrolyte water electrolytic cell uses.
2. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: the moulding process of the flow field diffusion layer described in step (1) is the combination of one or more of impact briquetting, calendering formation, roll roll forming, forging forming, isostatic pressing, machining, compression molding.
3. the porous material described in step (1) is the one of nickel porous plate, porous stainless steel plate, POROUS TITANIUM PLATE, nickel foam, Stainless Steel Fibre felt, titanium fibrefelt.
4. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: the annealing conditions of the diffusion layer substrate described in step (2) is: temperature 600-1300 DEG C, and at vacuum or hydrogen environment.
5. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: the flow field diffusion layer of the integral structure after shaping described in step (2), annealing temperature is 600-1100 DEG C, under vacuum or hydrogen environment, anneals 1-5 time.
6. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: the flow field diffusion layer of the integral structure described in step (2), the dark 0.2-0.8mm of the groove after shaping, the wide 0.3-1.5mm of groove, boss or the wide 0.3-1.5mm of conductive ridges.
7. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Coating described in step (2), comprises Pt, Au, Ag, iridium oxide, iridium ru oxide, iridium tin-oxide, titanium nitride, titanium carbide, titanium oxide, iridium ruthenium tin-oxide.
8. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Coating process described in step (2) adopts plating Pt, Au, Ag, or sintering Pt, iridium oxide, iridium ru oxide, iridium tin-oxide, or vacuum sputtering Pt, Au, titanium nitride, titanium carbide, iridium oxide, titanium oxide.
9. according to a diffusion layer according to claim 1, comprising: a water electrolytic cell integral type flow field diffusion layer, it has: thickness is 0.3-1.2mm, pore dimension is 5 μm-1000 μm, gas permeability coefficient is 0.2 × 10
-12m
2-5 × 10
-12m
2, water-permeable is 200 × 10
-17m
2-2000 × 10
-17m
2be 30%(volume with smallest aperture porosity).
10. an application for the flow field diffusion layer of solid polymer electrolyte water electrolytic cell integral structure, is characterized in that:
Integral type flow field diffusion layer is used for the anode of solid polymer electrolyte water electrolytic cell, or/and negative electrode.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107845774A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2018-03-27 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Self-supporting porous electrode preparation method and its electrode and application |
| CN107893239A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-04-10 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Have support type Ir/TiN oxygen-separating catalysts of high activity and stability and preparation method thereof concurrently |
| CN109860652A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2019-06-07 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | It is a kind of for the flow-field plate of fuel cell or water electrolytic cell, preparation method and its application |
| CN112647086A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2021-04-13 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Titanium fiber felt anode diffusion layer for PEM water electrolysis cell and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113789537A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-14 | 氢克新能源技术(上海)有限公司 | Gas diffusion layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN114635147A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-06-17 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Diffusion layer of solid polymer electrolyte water electrolytic cell and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114934290A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-08-23 | 氢克新能源技术(上海)有限公司 | Gas diffusion layer and processing technology thereof |
| CN116575058A (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2023-08-11 | 上海治臻新能源股份有限公司 | Porous diffusion layer and water electrolysis device |
| RU2813184C1 (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2024-02-07 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Российский химико-технологический университет имени Д.И. Менделеева" (РХТУ им. Д.И. Менделеева) | Method for preparing catalyst electrode for electrochemical hydrogen production |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107845774A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2018-03-27 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Self-supporting porous electrode preparation method and its electrode and application |
| CN107893239A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-04-10 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Have support type Ir/TiN oxygen-separating catalysts of high activity and stability and preparation method thereof concurrently |
| CN109860652A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2019-06-07 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | It is a kind of for the flow-field plate of fuel cell or water electrolytic cell, preparation method and its application |
| CN112647086A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2021-04-13 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Titanium fiber felt anode diffusion layer for PEM water electrolysis cell and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112647086B (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2022-03-11 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Titanium fiber felt anode diffusion layer for PEM water electrolysis cell and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114635147A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-06-17 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Diffusion layer of solid polymer electrolyte water electrolytic cell and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113789537A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-14 | 氢克新能源技术(上海)有限公司 | Gas diffusion layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN113789537B (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2024-01-30 | 氢克新能源技术(上海)有限公司 | Gas diffusion layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN114934290A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-08-23 | 氢克新能源技术(上海)有限公司 | Gas diffusion layer and processing technology thereof |
| RU2813184C1 (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2024-02-07 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Российский химико-технологический университет имени Д.И. Менделеева" (РХТУ им. Д.И. Менделеева) | Method for preparing catalyst electrode for electrochemical hydrogen production |
| CN116575058A (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2023-08-11 | 上海治臻新能源股份有限公司 | Porous diffusion layer and water electrolysis device |
| CN116575058B (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2023-10-31 | 上海治臻新能源股份有限公司 | Porous diffusion layer and water electrolysis device |
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Application publication date: 20150617 |