CN104710243A - Carbon-based function fertilizer for preventing continuous cropping disease of cucumber and preparation method of carbon-based function fertilizer - Google Patents
Carbon-based function fertilizer for preventing continuous cropping disease of cucumber and preparation method of carbon-based function fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses carbon-based function fertilizer for preventing continuous cropping disease of cucumber. The carbon-based function fertilizer comprises 145-155 parts of bamboo leaf extract, 25-35 parts of herba houttuyniae extract, 45-55 parts of asiatic plantain herb extract, 28-36 parts of matrine extract, 30-35 parts of jasmonic acid, 20-28 parts of salicylic acid and 4800-5200 parts of nano water soluble carbon. The carbon-based function fertilizer is environment-friendly, and has no pollution or residue and no side effect, and the environment pollution is reduced; the occurrence of soil-borne disease is overcome, and the limits of continuous cropping is broken through, the reasonable layout of crop is facilitated, continuous multi-year planting is realized, and the continuous cropping disease prevention effect is stable; fertilization and pesticide application are performed at one step, the labor intensity is lowered, and the production cost is reduced; meanwhile, pesticide application can be greatly reduced, and crop phytotoxicity and man and livestock toxicity are reduced; the comprehensive effect is more obvious for vegetable planting in a greenhouse where crop rotation cannot be performed, and the carbon-based function fertilizer is better in effect when being used for preventing continuous cropping disease of cucumber.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of carbon back functional fertilizer, specifically, relate to and a kind ofly prevent carbon back functional fertilizer of cucumber continuous cropping disease and preparation method thereof, belong to agricultural technology field.
Background technology
Some farm crop; as leguminous plants, melon, vegetables, the cash crop such as strawberry and some herbal medicine are planted in same field for years; often there will be blight; leaf blight; virus disease; cause crop yellow, even seedling, the death of even large stretch of plant, seriously affect the raising of yield and quality, this phenomenon is called as continuous cropping obstacle on cultivation.Easily there is damping-off after cucumber continuous cropping plantation, cause output to reduce.
The major cause of continuous cropping obstacle is caused to have the following aspects:
1. the pathogenic micro-organism increasing the weight of to have specificity to endanger to crop, insect and parasitics, association grow breeding.
2. affect the reason of soil, voltinism shape, fertilizer efficiency is reduced;
3. accelerate to consume some nutritive element, form nutrient and partially lose;
4. constantly accumulate some poisonous root exudates in soil, cause self " poisoning " of succession crop etc.
Reaction after Different Crop continuous cropping is different.Generally Gramineae, Cruciferae, the more resistance to continuous cropping of liliaceous crop; The not resistance to continuous cropping of pulse family, composite family, ground family crop.The harm of continuous cropping to deep rooted plant is greater than shallow root crop; Be greater than winter crops to the harm of summer crop, when same field is repeated plantation same crop, the time limit length at interval can be divided into 3 classes 1. to avoid the crop of continuous cropping as required.Same field being planted after 1 year needs interval just can plant for more than 2 years again.As green pepper etc. need every more than 3 years, watermelon, etc. every 5 years, then need need plant again after 10 years.2. the crop of resistance to short-term continuous cropping.Continuous cropping need be planted every 1 ~ 2 year after 1 ~ 2 year again, as beans, tuber crops etc.3. the crop of more resistance to continuous cropping, can continuous cropping 3 ~ 4 years even longer time.As paddy rice, cotton, Cauliflower etc.In cultivated land district more than a year, when same field adopting year after year the multiple cropping continuous cropping of same mode, though have dissimilar crop to substitute plantation in 1 year, but still all harms of continuous cropping can be produced, as impeded drainage, soil physical and chemical property deterioration, disease and pest are on the rise.
At present, for overcoming the evils that continuous cropping causes, the crop of usual implementation (rice field-upland field rotation) or the not resistance to continuous cropping of rotation in Multiple Cropping Rotation, its continuous cropping year number in the period of crop-rotation of the proportion of the crop expanding resistance to continuous cropping in crop rotation or proper extension, also have and adopt the multiple beneficial microorganism in probiotic bacterium stoste to eliminate these germs, and supplement the trace element taken away by crop because of continuous cropping.On the one hand, beneficial microorganism is got rid of harmful levels of pathogens and is contacted with crop, and kills part pathogenic bacterium, secretes some chemical substances being of value to plant simultaneously and promotes plant health growth; On the other hand, the chemical substance of crop root secretion and the cell of partial exfoliation death grow beneficial microorganism and surely grow and have importantly promoter action, and this reciprocal symbiosis relation between beneficial microorganism and crop is the power place overcoming continuous cropping continuous cropping.
Realizing in process of the present invention, contriver finds that prior art at least has the following disadvantages: although carry out crop rotation overcome in the evils that continuous cropping causes respond well, but by the restriction of the factors such as land area, this mode of continuous cropping is difficult to realize, especially, in northern planting vegetable in greenhouse, be difficult to especially realize crop rotation.
In addition, in soil, germ is of a great variety, and under different edaphic condition, microbial growth is subject to the impact of edaphic condition clearly, causes it to suppress the effect of germ unstable, undesirable,
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is for above problem, provides a kind of carbon back functional fertilizer of preventing cucumber continuous cropping disease, overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention seeks to the procreation effectively suppressing harmful levels of pathogens in soil, the generation of prevention soil-borne disease of crop.
Two of object improves crop yield, not by the impact of continuous cropping plantation.
Three of object reduces Pesticide use amount, reduces crop phytotoxicity.
Three of object is for cucumber prevention continuous cropping, respond well, stable.
Four of object is to provide the preparation method of the carbon back functional fertilizer of prevention cucumber continuous cropping disease.
Five of object is to provide the using method of the carbon back functional fertilizer of prevention cucumber continuous cropping disease.
For overcoming the above problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: a kind of carbon back functional fertilizer of preventing cucumber continuous cropping disease, is characterized in that: effective constituent and the weight proportion of described carbon back functional fertilizer are:
Folium Bambosae extract 145-155 part, Herba Houttuyniae extract 25-35 part, Herba Plantaginis extract 45-55 part, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 28-36 part, jasmonic 30-35 part, Whitfield's ointment 20-28 part and nanometer water-soluble carbon 4800-5200 part.
A kind of prioritization scheme, effective constituent and the weight proportion of described carbon back functional fertilizer are:
Folium Bambosae extract 149-154 part, Herba Houttuyniae extract 29-32 part, Herba Plantaginis extract 49-52 part, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 32-35 part, jasmonic 34-37 part, Whitfield's ointment 24-27 part and nanometer water-soluble carbon 4950-5100 part.
Further, the effective constituent of described carbon back functional fertilizer and weight proportion are:
Folium Bambosae extract 150 parts, Herba Houttuyniae extract 30 parts, Herba Plantaginis extract 50 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 33 parts, jasmonic 35 parts, Whitfield's ointment 25 parts and 5000 parts, the water-soluble carbon of nanometer.
Based on above carbon back functional fertilizer, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of carbon back functional fertilizer, it is characterized in that: described preparation method comprises the following steps:
Get the water-soluble carbon of the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, kuh-seng, jasmonic, Whitfield's ointment and nanometer;
In the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, kuh-seng, add organic solvent respectively, then be placed in high-speed superfine pulverizer homogenate respectively, then use ultrasonication cell suspension, cell is sharply shaken and breaks;
Then at 25-30 DEG C, with organic solvent extraction, the extract solution of the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, kuh-seng is obtained respectively;
The extract solution of each composition of extraction gained is placed in cryogenic vacuum vaporizer evaporative removal organic solvent respectively, and gains dissolve according to above proportioning Whitfield's ointment, obtain the salicylic acid solution of the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract;
The salicylic acid solution of the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract is put into jasmonic and the water-soluble carbon of nanometer by above proportioning, mixes, obtain anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer.
Based on above carbon back functional fertilizer, the invention provides a kind of using method of carbon back functional fertilizer, it is characterized in that: described using method comprises the following steps:
After transplanting, be watered dilution by anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer according to weight ratio 1:4000 and water as normal root water;
Consumption is every strain 0.2 kilogram anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer aqueous solution;
Tendril mid-term, be watered dilution by this anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer according to weight ratio 1:4000 and water as normal root water;
Consumption is every strain 0.2 kilogram anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer aqueous solution.
The present invention adopts above technical scheme, advantage is compared with prior art: (1) adopts natural plant milk extract to be effective constituent, take Whitfield's ointment as solution, be rely on compatibility theory, each effective constituent complements each other, the effective compatibility of each natural component is prevented and the continuous cropping preventing and treating crop, stimulates crop growth.
(2) environmental friendliness, without any pollution with residual, has no side effect, reduces environmental pollution.
(3) overcome the generation of soil-borne disease, not by the restriction of continuous cropping plantation, be beneficial to crop rational deployment, plant for years, anti-continuous cropping effect stability, output is high.
(4) fertilising and medication are once carried out, and reduce labour intensity, save production cost; Can the applications of pesticide be greatly reduced simultaneously, reduce crop phytotoxicity and person poultry poisoning.
(5) at the planting vegetable in greenhouse that cannot carry out crop rotation, net effect is more remarkable, is particularly useful for the anti-continuous cropping better effects if of cucumber.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, prevent a carbon back functional fertilizer for cucumber continuous cropping disease, effective constituent and weight proportion are: Folium Bambosae extract 145 parts, Herba Houttuyniae extract 25 parts, Herba Plantaginis extract 45 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 28 parts, jasmonic 30 parts, Whitfield's ointment 20 parts and 4800 parts, the water-soluble carbon of nanometer.
Embodiment 2, prevent a carbon back functional fertilizer for cucumber continuous cropping disease, effective constituent and weight proportion are: Folium Bambosae extract 147 parts, Herba Houttuyniae extract 27 parts, Herba Plantaginis extract 47 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 30 parts, jasmonic 32 parts, Whitfield's ointment 22 parts and 4900 parts, the water-soluble carbon of nanometer.
Embodiment 3, prevent a carbon back functional fertilizer for cucumber continuous cropping disease, effective constituent and weight proportion are: Folium Bambosae extract 149 parts, Herba Houttuyniae extract 29 parts, Herba Plantaginis extract 49 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 32 parts, jasmonic 34 parts, Whitfield's ointment 24 parts and 4950 parts, the water-soluble carbon of nanometer.
Embodiment 4, prevent a carbon back functional fertilizer for cucumber continuous cropping disease, effective constituent and weight proportion are: Folium Bambosae extract 152 parts, Herba Houttuyniae extract 32 parts, Herba Plantaginis extract 52 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 35 parts, jasmonic 37 parts, Whitfield's ointment 27 parts and 5100 parts, the water-soluble carbon of nanometer.
Embodiment 5, prevent a carbon back functional fertilizer for cucumber continuous cropping disease, effective constituent and weight proportion are: Folium Bambosae extract 150 parts, Herba Houttuyniae extract 30 parts, Herba Plantaginis extract 50 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 33 parts, jasmonic 35 parts, Whitfield's ointment 25 parts and 5000 parts, the water-soluble carbon of nanometer.
Embodiment 6, prevent a carbon back functional fertilizer for cucumber continuous cropping disease, effective constituent and weight proportion are: Folium Bambosae extract 154 parts, Herba Houttuyniae extract 34 parts, Herba Plantaginis extract 54 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 35 parts, jasmonic 37 parts, Whitfield's ointment 27 parts and 5150 parts, the water-soluble carbon of nanometer.
Embodiment 7, prevent a carbon back functional fertilizer for cucumber continuous cropping disease, effective constituent and weight proportion are: Folium Bambosae extract 155 parts, Herba Houttuyniae extract 35 parts, Herba Plantaginis extract 55 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 36 parts, jasmonic 35 parts, Whitfield's ointment 28 parts and 5200 parts, the water-soluble carbon of nanometer.
The water-soluble carbon of nanometer is nano level soluble small molecular carbon.
Based on above anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer, the preparation method of this fertilizer comprises the following steps:
Get above raw material;
In the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, kuh-seng, add organic solvent respectively, then be placed in high-speed superfine pulverizer homogenate respectively, then use ultrasonication cell suspension, cell is sharply shaken and breaks;
Then at 25-30 DEG C, with organic solvent extraction, the extract solution of the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, kuh-seng is obtained respectively;
The extract solution of each composition of extraction gained is placed in cryogenic vacuum vaporizer evaporative removal organic solvent respectively, and gains dissolve according to above proportioning Whitfield's ointment, obtain the salicylic acid solution of the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract;
The salicylic acid solution of the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract is put into jasmonic and the water-soluble carbon of nanometer by above proportioning, mixes, obtain anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer.
Concrete using method:
The mat woven of fine bamboo strips one step: be watered dilution by this anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer according to weight ratio 1:4000 after transplanting and water as normal root water;
Consumption is every strain 0.2 kilogram anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer aqueous solution;
Second step: tendril mid-term is again watered dilution by this anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer according to weight ratio 1:4000 and waters as normal root water;
Consumption is every strain 0.2 kilogram anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer aqueous solution.
The fertilizer of above 7 embodiments is respectively used to the anti-continuous cropping test of cucumber.
This test is carried out Hubei Province Yingcheng City continuous cropping cucumber Tanaka, and this area cucumber stands withered relatively more serious, 2011-2014 years time.
1, test adopts anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer and space management, and except above processing mode difference, all the other carry out according to identical way to manage, and often kind of processing mode arranges 24 test sites respectively, and the area of each community is respectively 50m
2, plant 300 strains/community, the fertilizer of space management, 7 embodiments arranges 3 test sites, community random alignment respectively, and investigation diseased plant quantity and output, get its mean value.
2, concrete test method
(1) anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer is used:
The mat woven of fine bamboo strips one step: be watered dilution as the pouring of normal root water by the carbon back functional fertilizer of this anti-continuous cropping disease according to weight ratio 1:4000 after transplanting, consumption is that every strain 0.2 kg of solution fills with root;
Second step: growth is watered dilution as the pouring of normal root water by the carbon back functional fertilizer of this anti-continuous cropping disease according to weight ratio 1:4000 mid-term again, and consumption is that every strain 0.2 kg of solution fills with root;
(2) blank (do not use anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer, use the common fertilizer of equal nutrient content) process.
Investigation diseased plant situation sees the following form:
| Blank | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Embodiment 6 | Embodiment 7 |
| 45 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 5 |
Investigation output condition following (kg/ community):
| Blank | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Embodiment 6 | Embodiment 7 |
| 850 | 980 | 983.3 | 993.3 | 990.0 | 996.7 | 986.7 | 983.3 |
As can be seen from the above table, after the anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer process using the present invention to prepare planting season, diseased plant significantly reduces, and plant strain growth is vigorous, has good preventive effect, increase of production 15.29%-17.25%.
Above each department also once adopt the continuous cropping of Antimicrobial crop sick, but effect is undesirable, adopt the anti-continuous cropping effect of carbon back functional fertilizer to be on average 2 times that adopt the anti-continuous cropping effect of microorganism.
From the preventive effect of various crop, the carbon back functional fertilizer effect of different ratio has different, but all has good effect; From each case study on implementation, also have different between various case study on implementation, but all have good effect, best with the net effect of embodiment 5, diseased plant is few, and output is high.
Bestow favour in Xinjiang agriculture five teacher, Hubei Province, Hubei Wuhan City peace, the ground such as Baoying County of Jiangsu Province and Shouguang, Shandong also carried out the test that cucumber applies gained of the present invention anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer, achieve significant effect.
The anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer of above component and proportioning also can be applied to cotton, tobacco, tomato, the continuous cropping problem of the crops such as watermelon and ginger dish, has good result, from preventive effect, be applied to the anti-continuous cropping of cucumber best through test.
The above is the citing of best mode for carrying out the invention, and the part wherein do not addressed in detail is the common practise of those of ordinary skill in the art.Protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with the content of claim, and any equivalent transformation carried out based on technology enlightenment of the present invention, also within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. prevent a carbon back functional fertilizer for cucumber continuous cropping disease, it is characterized in that: effective constituent and the weight proportion of described carbon back functional fertilizer are:
Folium Bambosae extract 145-155 part, Herba Houttuyniae extract 25-35 part, Herba Plantaginis extract 45-55 part, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 28-36 part, jasmonic 30-35 part, Whitfield's ointment 20-28 part and nanometer water-soluble carbon 4800-5200 part.
2. carbon back functional fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: effective constituent and the weight proportion of described carbon back functional fertilizer are:
Folium Bambosae extract 149-154 part, Herba Houttuyniae extract 29-32 part, Herba Plantaginis extract 49-52 part, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 32-35 part, jasmonic 34-37 part, Whitfield's ointment 24-27 part and nanometer water-soluble carbon 4950-5100 part.
3. carbon back functional fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: effective constituent and the weight proportion of described carbon back functional fertilizer are:
Folium Bambosae extract 150 parts, Herba Houttuyniae extract 30 parts, Herba Plantaginis extract 50 parts, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract 33 parts, jasmonic 35 parts, Whitfield's ointment 25 parts and 5000 parts, the water-soluble carbon of nanometer.
4. the preparation method of carbon back functional fertilizer as described in claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that: described preparation method comprises the following steps:
Get the water-soluble carbon of the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, kuh-seng, jasmonic, Whitfield's ointment and nanometer;
In the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, kuh-seng, add organic solvent respectively, then be placed in high-speed superfine pulverizer homogenate respectively, then use ultrasonication cell suspension, cell is sharply shaken and breaks;
Then at 25-30 DEG C, with organic solvent extraction, the extract solution of the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, kuh-seng is obtained respectively;
The extract solution of each composition of extraction gained is placed in cryogenic vacuum vaporizer evaporative removal organic solvent respectively, and gains dissolve according to above proportioning Whitfield's ointment, obtain the salicylic acid solution of the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract;
The salicylic acid solution of the leaf of bamboo, Herba Houttuyniae, psyllium, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract is put into jasmonic and the water-soluble carbon of nanometer by above proportioning, mixes, obtain anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer.
5. the using method of carbon back functional fertilizer as described in claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that: described using method comprises the following steps:
After transplanting, be watered dilution by anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer according to weight ratio 1:4000 and water as normal root water;
Consumption is every strain 0.2 kilogram anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer aqueous solution;
Tendril mid-term, be watered dilution by this anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer according to weight ratio 1:4000 and water as normal root water;
Consumption is every strain 0.2 kilogram anti-continuous cropping carbon back functional fertilizer aqueous solution.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN104163734A (en) * | 2014-08-30 | 2014-11-26 | 河南益禾利科农业科技有限公司 | Chinese herbal medicine-containing ecological carbon fertilizer for crops and preparation method of ecological carbon fertilizer |
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| CN101318865A (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2008-12-10 | 张迎秋 | Fertilizer for soil sterilization for preventing and controlling continuous cropping disease |
| CN103755478A (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2014-04-30 | 贵州特力达纳米碳素科技有限公司 | Nano-carbon organic compound fertilizer |
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