CN104702957B - Motion vector compression method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of compression method of motion vector and devices, to solve the problems, such as that time-consuming, functional limitation to the motion vector compressed encoding time in the prior art.The method includes the pixel precision regions of searching motion vector, are scanned for according to two different pixel precision regions to the motion vector；The MV of first area is indicated using the first representation, the MV of second area is indicated using the second representation.The present invention during motion search to the motion vector according to different pixels precision zone by way of carry out sector search, the partial pixel of low pixel precision zone is given up, conversion appropriate then is carried out to the MV of different pixels precision zone and is indicated using different representation methods, to achieve the purpose that compressing motion vector, compressed motion vector is encoded, reduce code stream, optimize motion estimation performance, estimation speed is improved, realizes the gain of coding efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of data compression, and in particular to a kind of compression method and device of motion vector.
Background technology
In technical field of video compression, international mainstream coding standard is the H.264/AVC first generation video pressure in China
Contracting coding standard is MPEG-2, and AVS is the second generation source coding standard that China has independent intellectual property right.2012, AVS+
Advanced field technology and entropy coding are introduced, radio, TV and film industries standard is formally become.Currently, the AVS2 that China will release
Standard is then the generation standard of AVS.
Macroblock mode and flexible reference frame of the AVS2 based on quaternary tree so that AVS2 is Encoding to HD video sequence
Can have huge raising, to compared to before international mainstream coding standard H.264/AVC bandwidth conservation can reach 50% with
On, subjective quality is also increased dramatically, and has broader practice space.For example, for block size, maximum coding is single
First (CTU, Coding Tree Unit) increases the 64x64 of AVS2 from the 16x16 of AVS, and coding unit can be divided from 64x64
To 8x8 sizes so that coding can adapt to more changeable resolution ratio and more complicated image texture.
But the complexity of the entire encoders of AVS2, with the increase that the raising of performance is in several times, wherein interframe encode accounts for
According to the main time of coding (in addition to the coding of full I frames configures).The most time-consuming part of interframe encode is estimation, this source
In in whole pixel and the process for dividing search match block on pixel precision.To motion vector in the data compression process of existing AVS2
Compressed encoding, there is also take long problem at present.In addition, in inter predication process final motion vector compression performance
It is the principal element for the compression performance for influencing AVS2, since to the compression performance of motion vector, there are certain offices in the prior art
It is sex-limited so that inter-prediction accuracy is not high, so that AVS2 standards are marked relative to ITU-T VCEG and ISO/IEC MPEG
The newest video encoding standard HEVC of standardization tissue joint publication, also certain gap.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of compression method of motion vector and devices, by introducing progressive motion vector
Precision improves estimation speed, realizes the gain of coding efficiency to optimize motion estimation performance.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of compression method of motion vector, the method includes：
The motion vector is divided into two regions by the pixel precision region for searching for the motion vector, and to the areas Liang Ge
Domain is scanned for using different pixel precisions；
The MV of first area is indicated using the first representation, the MV of second area is carried out using the second representation
It indicates.
In said program, described two different pixel precision regions, further for the first area of 1/4 pixel precision and
The second area of 1/2 pixel precision.
In said program, when the motion vector is located at the second area of 1/2 pixel precision and originally as 1/4 pixel precision
When, then give up the pixel corresponding to the motion vector.
In said program, the pixel precision region of motion vector described in described search is realized by threshold value.
In said program, the MV to second area is indicated using the second representation, further in coding side
The MV is compressed, the MV is restored in decoding end.
It is described that the MV is compressed in coding side in said program, further for using 1 formula pair of Algorithm
The MV is converted, described to restore to the MV in decoding end, further be using 2 formula of Algorithm to institute
MV is stated to be converted.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of compression set of motion vector is additionally provided, described device includes：
The motion vector is divided into the areas Liang Ge by search unit, the pixel precision region for searching for the motion vector
Domain, and two regions are scanned for using different pixel precisions；
Converting unit, the converting unit are connected with described search unit, and the first table is used for the MV to first area
Show that method is indicated, the MV of second area is indicated using the second representation.
In said program, described search unit is further used for the motion vector according to for 1/4 pixel precision
The different zones of the second area of one region and 1/2 pixel precision scan for.
In said program, described search unit is further used for being located at 1/2 pixel precision when the motion vector of search
Second area and the motion vector sheet as 1/4 pixel precision when, then give up the pixel corresponding to the motion vector.
In said program, the MV of second area is indicated using the second representation described in the converting unit, into one
Step is to be compressed to the MV in coding side, is restored to the MV in decoding end.
The compression method of motion vector of the present invention it can be seen from the technical solution of the above embodiment of the present invention, by
During motion search, sector search is carried out in the way of different pixels precision zone to the motion vector, to low picture
The partial pixel of plain precision zone is abandoned, and then carries out conversion appropriate to the MV of different pixels precision zone and using different
Representation method be indicated, to achieve the purpose that compressing motion vector, compressed motion vector is encoded, reduce
Code stream, optimizes motion estimation performance, improves estimation speed, realize the gain of coding efficiency.
Description of the drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, required use in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for this
For the those of ordinary skill of field, without having to pay creative labor, other are can also be obtained according to these attached drawings
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the motion vector compression method flow diagram of first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the motion vector compression method flow diagram of second embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram before the motion vector compression in second embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the compressed schematic diagram of motion vector in second embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the motion vector compression set structural schematic diagram of third embodiment of the invention.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning
Same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions are indicated to same or similar label eventually.Below by ginseng
The embodiment for examining attached drawing description is exemplary, and is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technology art
Language and scientific terminology) there is meaning identical with the general understanding of the those of ordinary skill in fields of the present invention.Should also
Understand, those terms such as defined in the general dictionary, which should be understood that, to be had and the meaning in the context of the prior art
The consistent meaning of justice, and unless defined as here, will not be with idealizing or the meaning of too formal be explained.
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to improve the compression speed and pressure of final motion vector in inter predication process
Contracting.In AVS2 standards, pair of motion estimation complexity present in inter predication process and motion vector encoder bit excessively
Weight problem, therefore, the optimization of motion estimation performance and the raising of movement velocity also have much room.In actual compressed encoding mistake
Cheng Zhong counts and analyzes the behavior of inter-prediction final motion vector, obtains the regularity of distribution of motion vector, shows movement arrow
Amount is gathered in the trend near MVP, this to become possibility using the statistical information of motion vector to optimize motion vector.This
Invention is on the basis of above-mentioned statistical result, by proposing the concept of asymptotic motion vector accuracy and being introduced into movement
In the compression of vector, according to motion vector (MV, Motion Vector) and motion vector predictor (MVP, Motion Vector
Predictor) the different precision to MV search of relative position carry out different limitations, so as to adjust the search of motion vector
Journey, while the compression effectiveness of MV amplitudes is also improved, and then reduce encoder bit rate.
Currently, in AVS standards, MV is fixed to be indicated with 1/4 pixel precision, and the present invention is to being relatively close to MVP's
MV uses higher precision, and the MV to being relatively distant from MVP uses lower precision so that is more possible to obtain closer to the MV of MVP
Obtain optimal rate distortion costs.When implementing in the encoder, high picture is used to the MV in a certain range close to MVP
Plain precision, such as 1/4 pixel precision use low pixel precision, such as 1/2 pixel essence to the MV in a certain range far from MVP
Degree.Here height and it is low be relative to closer and farther from when for, be an opposite concept, in actual implementation, Ke Yijin
The infinitesimal range of row is distinguished, with realize MV with respect to MVP distances from closely to remote, it is opposite for indicating the pixel precision of MV from height
To low asymptotic process, i.e., progressive motion vector accuracy (PMVR, Progressive Motion Vector
Resolution)。
Technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the motion vector compression method flow diagram of first embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the motion vector compression method of the present embodiment includes the following steps：
The motion vector is divided into two regions by step S1, the pixel precision region of searching motion vector, described two
Region includes first area and second area, and is scanned for using different pixel precisions to described two regions.
In this step, the motion vector is divided into two regions, can be realized by threshold value (TH).In practical realization
During, it is described when the motion vector is limited to two regions, can be 1/4 pixel precision and 1/2 pixel precision, such as
With 1/4 pixel precision searching motion vector, 1/2 pixel precision searching moving of region external application arrow in the region [CTR-TH, CTR+TH]
Amount.Wherein, the CTR indicates the starting point of vector representation.
It, can be to Stepwise Refinement side in the prior art when carrying out motion search on the basis of above-mentioned zone limits
Method is adjusted, and such as sets first area as degree of precision, and second area is lower accuracy, when candidate MV has been more than first
When the accuracy rating in region, then the MV is ignored, and does not have to searched, and the MV to eliminate a part of first area precision is searched
Rope reduces the complexity of estimation.During concrete implementation, show as judging MV, if | MVx-CTRx |>
TH or | MVy-CTRy |>TH, and MV is 1/4 pixel precision, then the point is given up, and is not involved in the decision of best MV, reduces movement
The complexity of estimation.
Step S2 is indicated the MV of first area using the first representation, and the second table is used to the MV of second area
Show that method is indicated.
Here representation is on the basis of limiting different accuracy region to the motion vector, to different accuracy
Region uses different representation methods, reduces information content of the bit number of coding without losing MV.For example, to 1/4 pixel
MV in the first area of precision is indicated using 1/4 accurate fashion；And to the MVD in the second area of 1/2 pixel precision
Or MV, it is converted using 1 formula of Algorithm or 2 formula of Algorithm.Wherein, the Algorithm 1 of the MVD is public
Formula conversion corresponds to coding side, the corresponding decoding end of 2 formula of Algorithm conversion of MV.
It should be noted that motion vector of the present invention suitable for the encoder of any coding standard.
The motion vector compression method of the present embodiment divides different precision zones by the MV to MVP different distances, drop
The low complexity of coding side is realized the limitation or segmentation of above-mentioned zone by the methods of such as threshold value, and then uses different tables
Show method, optimize motion estimation performance, improve estimation speed, while also improving the compression effectiveness of MV amplitudes, and then drops
Low encoder bit rate, to realize the gain of coding efficiency.
Fig. 2 show the motion vector compression method flow diagram of second embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Fig. 2, the present embodiment by taking a motion vector as an example, by PMVR methods, carries out the motion vector
Compression.Here motion vector, motion vector can be arbitrary standards.
The compression method of the motion vector, includes the following steps：
Step S21 scans for the motion vector, obtains the first areas MV and the 1/2 pixel essence of 1/4 pixel precision
The MV second areas of degree.
In this step, PMVR methods indicate the using area of 1/4MV precision by setting a threshold value TH, in the present embodiment
TH values are 2, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.TH is that the threshold value of a 1/4 pixel precision usable range of control (is single with 1/4 pixel
Position, the integral multiple that TH values are nonnegative integer and value is 2), the region in red boxes is threshold value TH limited ranges,
In the region that i.e. red boxes are drawn a circle to approve, i.e. first area scans for the MV using 1/4 pixel precision.First area
Except MV can only all be scanned for using 1/2 pixel precision, affiliated area is second area.CTR(CenTer of the
Range) be first area center.
As shown in figure 3, when MVP is directed toward half-pix or whole pixel accuracy positions, CTR and MVP are overlappings；Such as Fig. 4 institutes
Show, when MVP is directed toward 1/4 location of pixels, CTR and MVP respectively accounts for the position of a pixel, is not overlapped.
When CTR is not be overlapped with MVP, CTR is obtained by MVP by formula (1)-(2) rounding-off, and formula (1)-(2) are as follows：
CTRx=MVPx>>1<<1 (1)
CTRy=MVPy>>1<<1 (2)
Wherein, the CTRx indicates that the components of CTR in the X direction, MVPx indicate the components of MVP in the X direction；It is described
CTRy indicates that the components of CTR in the Y direction, MVPy indicate the components of MVP in the Y direction.Following tables for being related to above-mentioned symbol
It is connotation described above up to formula.
In the case of a kind of extreme, as TH=0,1/4 pixel precision range shorter is zero, i.e. 1/2 pixel precision meeting
It is applied in all MV other than SKIP/DIRECT patterns MV, in this case, MVP itself can be rounded to half-pix
Precision, as shown in formula (3)-(4)：
MVPx=MVPx>>1<<1 (3)
MVPy=MVPy>>1<<1 (4)
Due to the limitation to 1/4 pixel region, PMVR reduces the probability that the MV of 1/4 pixel is chosen, to reduce sub- picture
The use of plain interpolation reduces the complexity of encoding-decoding process.
The step is all taken no matter from unidirectional, symmetrical or alternating binary coding pattern for arbitrary motion search process.
During motion search, the method that AVS2 uses Stepwise Refinement first searches 1/2 pixel precision point, then search 1/4 pixel precision point.
The search process of PMVR pairs of 1/4 pixel precision point is adjusted, if 1/4 candidate precision pixels point MV has been more than 1/4 picture
The range of plain precision, then the MV be ignored to which without searched, i.e., the point is given up, and is not involved in the decision of best MV.This side
Method eliminates the search of a part of 1/4 pixel accuracy positions so that the complexity of estimation has dropped.
Step S22 carries out conversion to the MV of the first area and second area and is indicated according to corresponding conversion.
During concrete implementation, this step is for calculating MV Cost, or the coding of final MVD after the completion of searching for.
In the present embodiment, for the MV in first area, the representation of MV-MVP is simply used, is encoded；
For the MV outside 1/4 pixel precision range, i.e., in second area, MVD can be converted with a kind of more efficient way, without
It is simply to be equal to MV-MVP.Because off-limits MV components must be half-pixel accuracy, i.e., it is even under 1/4 pixel unit
Several, so the part exceeded can reduce one times of information content without losing MV.
Preferably, in coding side, for the MV of second area, i.e., specific MV in the method, MVD use Algorithm
1 formula is adjusted.The specific transfer processes of MVD are as follows：
Above-mentioned transfer process is applied to motion vector shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.The position A, B and C before conversion is shown in Fig. 3
Set, with above-mentioned derivation in Fig. 3 described A, B and after location of C converts, obtain the position of Fig. 4.In actual operation
In the process, motion vector shown in Fig. 3 is converted using existing AVS2 standards, and using the side PMVR described in the present embodiment
Method converts motion vector shown in Fig. 3, the MVD values in transformation result is included in table 1, as shown in table 1：
Table 1
From table 1 it follows that the value of MVD is converted by the Algorithm 1 of PMVR methods, it can be smaller with boil down to
Value, to reduce the bit numbers of coding MVD.It should be noted that when the motion vector MV is AVS2 coding standards, compression
Later MVD values still use the CABAC entropy coding models of AVS2 scripts to be encoded, and the amplitude only encoded becomes smaller.
Correspondingly, when being decoded to the MV compressed, i.e., in decoding end, for specific MVD, i.e., with secondth area
The corresponding MVD of specific MV in domain are restored or are converted using 2 formula of Algorithm.When decoding each block, first from
MVD is read in code stream, and corresponding with Algorithm 1 Backstepping is then used to obtain MV, rather than simple MVD+MVP,
Specific transfer process is as follows：
Make performance test on AVS2 reference softwares RD8.0 using the PMVR methods of the present embodiment, PMVR is listed in table 2
Experimental result (RA, TH=2) on AVS2 reference softwares RD8.0.Wherein, the cycle tests of use is AVS2 standard testing sequences
Row, the 1st row are video sequence resolution ratio, and the 2nd, 3,4 row are the BD-Rate results of property of Y, U, V component respectively.As shown in table 2：
Table 2
From Table 2, it can be seen that the MVD values after compressed in the present embodiment still use the CABAC entropys of AVS2 scripts to compile
Code model is encoded, and still, the amplitude of coding becomes smaller, and improves the compression effectiveness of MV amplitudes, and then reduce encoder bit rate,
To realize the gain of coding efficiency.
Fig. 5 is the motion vector compression set structural schematic diagram of third embodiment of the invention.
As shown in figure 5, the motion vector compression set of the present embodiment, including：Search unit 11, converting unit 12, wherein
Described search unit 11 is used for the pixel precision region of searching motion vector, and the motion vector is divided into the areas Liang Ge
Domain, described two regions include first area and second area, and are carried out using different pixel precisions to described two regions
Search.
12 described search unit 11 of the converting unit is connected, and is carried out using the first representation for the MV to first area
It indicates, the MV of second area is indicated using the second representation.
Further, described search unit 11 is additionally operable to the motion vector according to the firstth area for 1/4 pixel precision
The different zones of the second area of domain and 1/2 pixel precision scan for.
Further, described search unit 11 is additionally operable to be located at the of 1/2 pixel precision when the motion vector of search
Two regions and when the motion vector sheet is as 1/4 pixel precision, then give up the pixel corresponding to the motion vector.
Further, the converting unit 12 compresses the MV in coding side, is carried out to the MV in decoding end
Restore.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that：Attached drawing is the schematic diagram of one embodiment, module in attached drawing or
Flow is not necessarily implemented necessary to the present invention.
As seen through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be understood that the present invention can
It is realized by the mode of software plus required general hardware platform.Based on this understanding, technical scheme of the present invention essence
On in other words the part that contributes to existing technology can be expressed in the form of software products, the computer software product
It can be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disc, CD, including some instructions are used so that a computer equipment
(can be personal computer, server either network equipment etc.) executes the certain of each embodiment of the present invention or embodiment
Method described in part.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with scope of the claims
Subject to.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of compression method of motion vector, which is characterized in that the method includes：
Based on AVS2 coding standards, the pixel precision region of searching motion vector makes the MV in a certain range close to MVP
With high pixel precision, low pixel precision is used to the MV in a certain range far from MVP, the motion vector is divided into
Two regions of the second area of the first area of 1/4 pixel precision and 1/2 pixel precision, and only two regions, do not include
The third region of 1/8 pixel precision, and different pixel precisions is used to described two regions, using the side of Stepwise Refinement
Method first searches 1/2 pixel precision point, then searches 1/4 pixel precision point, and realizes search by threshold value；
The motion vector of the first area is indicated using the first representation, the motion vector of the second area is adopted
It is indicated with the second representation；When the motion vector is located at the second area of 1/2 pixel precision and originally as 1/4 pixel essence
When spending, then give up the pixel corresponding to the motion vector；By first searching 1/2 pixel precision point, then search 1/4 pixel precision
Point, when 1/4 candidate precision pixels point MV has been more than the range of 1/4 pixel precision, then the MV is ignored not having to searched,
The point is given up, and the decision of best MV is not involved in, and eliminates the search of a part of 1/4 pixel accuracy positions, to reduce movement
The complexity of estimation.
2. motion vector compression method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the motion vector to second area
It is indicated using the second representation, further to be compressed to the motion vector in coding side, in decoding end to described
Motion vector is restored.
3. motion vector compression method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described to be sweared to the movement in coding side
Amount is compressed, further to be converted to the motion vector using Algorithm1 formula, it is described in decoding end to institute
It states motion vector to be restored, further the motion vector is converted for use Algorithm2 formula.
4. a kind of compression set of motion vector, which is characterized in that described device includes：
Search unit is used for the pixel precision region of searching motion vector, high to being used close to the MV in a certain range of MVP
Pixel precision, to far from MVP MV in a certain range use low pixel precision, the motion vector is divided into 1/4
Two regions of the second area of the first area of pixel precision and 1/2 pixel precision, and only two regions do not include 1/8
The third region of pixel precision, and 1/ is first searched using the method for Stepwise Refinement using different pixel precisions to two regions
2 pixel precision points, then 1/4 pixel precision point is searched, and search is realized by threshold value；
And for when search the motion vector be located at 1/2 pixel precision second area and the motion vector sheet as 1/
When 4 pixel precision, then give up the pixel corresponding to the motion vector；
And be used for, when 1/4 candidate precision pixels point MV has been more than the range of 1/4 pixel precision, then the MV is ignored to not
With searched, which gives up, and is not involved in the decision of best MV, the search of a part of 1/4 pixel accuracy positions is eliminated, to drop
The low complexity of estimation；
Converting unit, the converting unit are connected with described search unit, are used for the motion vector to the first area
First representation is indicated, and is indicated using the second representation to the motion vector of the second area.
5. the compression set of motion vector according to claim 4, which is characterized in that second described in the converting unit
The motion vector in region is indicated using the second representation, further for, the motion vector is compressed in coding side,
The motion vector is restored in decoding end.
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| CN104967858B (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2018-01-26 | 北京奇艺世纪科技有限公司 | A kind of sub-pixel motion is to amount estimation method and device |
| CN106331703B (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2020-09-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | Video encoding and decoding method, video encoding and decoding device |
| WO2020084474A1 (en) | 2018-10-22 | 2020-04-30 | Beijing Bytedance Network Technology Co., Ltd. | Gradient computation in bi-directional optical flow |
| WO2020098647A1 (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2020-05-22 | Beijing Bytedance Network Technology Co., Ltd. | Bandwidth control methods for affine prediction |
| CN113056914B (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2024-03-01 | 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 | Partial position based difference calculation |
| CN111010581B (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2022-08-12 | 北京达佳互联信息技术有限公司 | Motion vector information processing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| JP2022521554A (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2022-04-08 | 北京字節跳動網絡技術有限公司 | Use of converted one-sided prediction candidates |
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