CN104696379A - Yoke product and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Yoke product and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104696379A CN104696379A CN201510068857.1A CN201510068857A CN104696379A CN 104696379 A CN104696379 A CN 104696379A CN 201510068857 A CN201510068857 A CN 201510068857A CN 104696379 A CN104696379 A CN 104696379A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a yoke product and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: performing roll forging blanking; performing forging formation; performing magnetic powder inspection; performing mechanical processing. The steps do not comprise thermal refining; in the step of forging formation, semifinished products obtained after roll forging blanking are heated to 1180-1230 DEG C, the preforging temperature is 1180-1230 DEG C, the final forging temperature is 930-980 DEG C, the cooling speed after final forging is controlled to be 2.5-3.5 DEG C/s, and after the temperature drops to 420-450 DEG C, slow cooling is performed. According to the yoke product disclosed by the invention, after treated by forging and mechanical processing, the properties of parts finally satisfy using requirements, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the consumption of energy sources is obviously reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. The prepared yoke product has the characteristics that the tensile strength can be 780-900 MPa, the yield strength can be 480-550 MPa, and the elongation percentage can be up to 16-40%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to auto parts forging and the technical field of processing, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of joint fork product and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Joint fork is one of critical component on automobile, and it is the axle Power output utilizing the devices such as ball-type to realize different direction.Joint fork combines with transmission shaft, is called card gear.On the vehicle that front engine rear wheel drives, card gear is arranged between transmission output shaft and main reducing gear of drive axle input shaft; And the vehicle that front engine, front drives eliminates transmission shaft, universal joint is arranged on not only to be responsible for driving but also to be responsible between the front axle half shaft that turns to and wheel.
In the prior art, the processing technology of joint fork is through quenching with Subsequent tempering after forging with middle-carbon steel mostly, and this processing technology is when Tempering and Quenching, and be not only out of shape large but also need to consume mass energy, cost of production is higher.For this reason in prior art, also develop the technique do not needed through quenching with Subsequent tempering, it needs controlled forge process process parameter just can obtain the non-hardened and tempered steel of desirable strength, toughness and cutting ability.In addition, universal joint before delivery, in order to improve corrosion resistance, needs to carry out zinc-plated process usually.But non-quenched and tempered free machining steel conventional in prior art adds trace alloying element to obtain in middle-carbon steel, and because the content of carbon is higher, when hot galvanizing, cohesiveencess is poor, in use also easily causes Zinc Scaling.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of joint fork product and preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above and realize goal of the invention, a first aspect of the present invention provides following technological scheme:
The preparation method of joint fork product of the present invention, comprises following operation: roller forging sheet stamping → forging and molding → magnetic particle flaw detection → machining; It is characterized in that: described operation does not comprise quenching with Subsequent tempering, by blank heating to 1180 ~ 1230 DEG C that roller forging sheet stamping operation prepares in forging and molding operation, blocking temperature is 1180 ~ 1230 DEG C, final forging temperature is 930 ~ 980 DEG C, after finish-forging, controlled cooling model speed is 2.5 ~ 3.5 DEG C/sec, carries out slow cooling after being cooled to 420 ~ 450 DEG C.
Wherein, the material that described joint fork product adopts is non-quenched and tempered free machining steel, its element composition and weight percentage are: C:0.32 ~ 0.39wt%, Si:0.30 ~ 0.50wt%, Mn:1.00 ~ 1.50wt%, S:0.035 ~ 0.050 wt%, Ca:0.002 ~ 0.005 wt%, Mg:0.002 ~ 0.005 wt%, V:0.06 ~ 0.13 wt%, Mo:0.015 ~ 0.025wt%, P≤0.035wt%, Cr≤0.30wt%, Ni≤0.30wt%, Cu≤0.25wt%, Al≤0.01wt%, Nb≤0.01wt%, Ti≤0.01wt%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Wherein, described machining operation be included in numerical control machine tool carries out surfacing, boring, bore hole and chamfer angle technique; The milling opening process that square milling machine carries out; The garland key technique that vertical spline broaching machine carries out.
Wherein, described operation also comprises the hot galvanizing process after machining.
Wherein, the zinc bath of hot galvanizing is containing the Al of 0.08 ~ 0.13wt%, the Mg of 0.03 ~ 0.08, and surplus is zinc and inevitable impurity.
Wherein, the temperature of zinc bath is 420 ~ 450 DEG C.
Wherein, the THICKNESS CONTROL of hot dip galvanizing coating is 3 ~ 10 μm, then zinc coating is carried out Alloying Treatment in 25 ~ 35 seconds 460 ~ 480 DEG C of heat treatments.
A second aspect of the present invention also relates to a kind of joint fork product.
Joint fork product of the present invention, is characterized in that: non-quenched and tempered free machining steel is obtained by the preparation method comprising forging and molding operation by described joint fork product; The element composition of described non-quenched and tempered free machining steel and weight percentage are: C:0.32 ~ 0.39wt%, Si:0.30 ~ 0.50wt%, Mn:1.00 ~ 1.50wt%, S:0.035 ~ 0.050 wt%, Ca:0.002 ~ 0.005 wt%, Mg:0.002 ~ 0.005 wt%, V:0.06 ~ 0.13 wt%, Mo:0.015 ~ 0.025wt%, P≤0.035wt%, Cr≤0.30wt%, Ni≤0.30wt%, Cu≤0.25wt%, Al≤0.01wt%, Nb≤0.01wt%, Ti≤0.01wt%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Wherein, by blank heating to 1180 ~ 1230 DEG C that roller forging sheet stamping operation prepares in forging and molding operation, blocking temperature is 1180 ~ 1230 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 930 ~ 980 DEG C, after finish-forging, controlled cooling model speed is 2.5 ~ 3.5 DEG C/sec, carries out slow cooling after being cooled to 420 ~ 450 DEG C.
Wherein, described joint fork product surface has hot dip galvanizing coating, and containing the Al of 0.08 ~ 0.13wt%, the Mg of 0.03 ~ 0.08 in described hot dip galvanizing coating, surplus is zinc and inevitable impurity.
Wherein, the thickness of described hot dip galvanizing coating is 3 ~ 10 μm, then zinc coating is carried out Alloying Treatment in 25 ~ 35 seconds 460 ~ 480 DEG C of heat treatments.
Compared with prior art, joint fork product of the present invention and preparation method thereof has following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention can obtain joint fork product without quenching with Subsequent tempering, owing to eliminating quenching with Subsequent tempering step, after forging and machining, not only make the performance of part meet final utilization requirement, Cutting free in mechanical processing process and have self-lubricating function, reduce manufacture cost, significantly reduce energy consumption, improve manufacturing efficiency.The joint fork product tensile strength prepared can reach 780 ~ 900MPa, and yield strength can reach 480 ~ 550 MPa, and specific elongation can reach 16 ~ 40%.
(2) the present invention is by the control of non-hardened and tempered steel component, especially the content of silicon is strictly controlled, and add appropriate Mg, subscale and configuration of surface is controlled by forging, even if make under the condition that Kohlenstoffgehalt is higher, the hot dip galvanizing coating that wettability is good, plating performance is high still can be prepared.
Embodiment
Below will by reference to one exemplary embodiment, illustrate object of the present invention and function and the method for realizing these objects and function.
In the present invention, described joint fork product is prepared by the method comprising following operation: roller forging sheet stamping → forging and molding → magnetic particle flaw detection → machining → hot galvanizing; And described operation does not comprise quenching with Subsequent tempering.
Wherein, the material that described joint fork product adopts is non-quenched and tempered free machining steel, its element composition and weight percentage are: C:0.32 ~ 0.39wt%, Si:0.30 ~ 0.50wt%, Mn:1.00 ~ 1.50wt%, S:0.035 ~ 0.050 wt%, Ca:0.002 ~ 0.005 wt%, Mg:0.002 ~ 0.005 wt%, V:0.06 ~ 0.13 wt%, Mo:0.015 ~ 0.025wt%, P≤0.035wt%, Cr≤0.30wt%, Ni≤0.30wt%, Cu≤0.25wt%, Al≤0.01wt%, Nb≤0.01wt%, Ti≤0.01wt%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.Described non-quenched and tempered free machining steel is by electric furnace smelting, tapping, and LF external refining prepares bar.For ensureing Cutting free inclusion morphology in steel, adopting and first in electric furnace, adding S line, and carrying out Ca process, to guarantee that chemical composition meets designing requirement.Carbon in steel is necessary for the good mechanical property of acquisition, at high temperature forms the intensity that austenite can improve material.Because the solubility of carbon in ferrite is very low, tendency that carbon separates out to border is existed in hot galvanizing and alloying technology subsequently for middle-carbon steel thus causes its plating, poor adhesion.But by adding appropriate Mg, and the content of control Si is not higher than 0.5wt% (preferably not higher than 0.42wt%), subscale can be formed stop the gathering of carbon on border in forging and forming technology, significantly improve zinc bath and steel wettability of the surface, and then improve the adhesive quality on zinc coating and steel surface.
Wherein, in roller forging sheet stamping process, first, by non-quenched and tempered free machining steel bar heating steps, bar heating-up temperature 1200 ~ 1250 DEG C.For accurate control rod material temperature degree, reduce energy ezpenditure, two aspect measures are taked to this process: 1. adopt induction furnace heating that the bar efficiency of heating surface can be made to improve, reduce heat dissipation, energy saving simultaneously, reduce discharge amount of exhaust gas; And can make bar homogeneous heating inside and outside heating process, temperature is consistent in table, avoids overheated, burn-off phenomenon, reduce billet surface oxidation, make bar in forging deformation process, inside and outside drag is consistent, and metal flow is smooth and easy, thus makes product streamline more intact.Then bar is heated to 500 ~ 800 DEG C, then enters forging roll guide rail along stock guider, forging roll carries out base.With the slow mould drying tool of large size flame before forging, die surface is made to be preheating to 120 ~ 200 DEG C; Then the scale in forging die die cavity is blown away with pressurized air; Even release agent spraying is in forging die die cavity again; The scale at blank two ends is blown off afterwards with pressurized air; By blank heating to 1180 ~ 1230 DEG C that roller forging sheet stamping operation prepares in forging and molding operation, blocking temperature is 1180 ~ 1230 DEG C, final forging temperature is 930 ~ 980 DEG C, and after finish-forging, controlled cooling model speed is 2.5 ~ 3.5 DEG C/sec, carries out slow cooling after being cooled to 420 ~ 450 DEG C.
Wherein, in magnetic particle flaw detection step, CJW-3000D magnetic particle flaw detector can be adopted to detect a flaw.Aqua magnetic flaw detection ink is changed when flaw detection number of packages reaches 2500-3000 part.Be tested with crackle product, defect indicated and isolates and deposits.In described magnetic particle flaw detection technique, the aqua magnetic flaw detection ink of employing comprises: the Fluorescent magnetic powder of 3-5g/L, the dispersing agent of 0.2% and 0.5% rust preventing agent; And circumferential magnetization electric current is 0.5-0.8 KA, longitudinal magnetization electric current is 10-12KA, and magnetizing time is 3s.
Wherein, described machining operation be included in numerical control machine tool carries out surfacing, boring, bore hole and chamfer angle technique; The milling opening process that square milling machine carries out; The garland key technique that vertical spline broaching machine carries out.
Table 1 gives the composition (surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity) of the non-hardened and tempered steel of joint fork product.Table 2 gives the mechanical property after forging and molding.
Table 1 (wt%)
Table 2
After machining before payment end user, hot galvanizing process can also be carried out in order to improve corrosion resistance.Containing the Al of 0.08 ~ 0.13wt%, the Mg of 0.03 ~ 0.08 in described hot dip galvanizing coating, surplus is zinc and inevitable impurity.The thickness of described hot dip galvanizing coating is 3 ~ 10 μm, then zinc coating is carried out Alloying Treatment in 25 ~ 35 seconds 460 ~ 480 DEG C of heat treatments.Zinc-plated go out body lotion time can observe adopt the embodiment of the present application composition free-cutting steel, the wettability that itself and zinc are bathed is good, and the adherence of coating obtained is good.And if the Si content in steel higher than 0.50wt% or when not adding Mg its wettability poor, adhesive quality is poor.Table 3 gives the steel composition of comparative example.
Table 3(wt%)
The steel that the steel form comparative example 1 ~ 3 and embodiment 1 form carries out hot galvanizing process.Containing the Al of 0.10wt%, the Mg of 0.06 in described hot dip galvanizing coating, surplus is zinc and inevitable impurity.The thickness controlling coating is 5 μm, then zinc coating is carried out Alloying Treatment in 30 seconds 460 DEG C of heat treatments.Then in salt mist experiment case, salt mist experiment is carried out at the sodium chloride solution of 5wt%, can find that the steel of embodiment 1 just occurs rust spot after hot galvanizing process after by 1200 hours, and namely comparative example 1 ~ 3 occurs being not less than area after standing 300 ~ 500 hours reach the 5%(test piece gross area) more than corrosion or disbonding phenomenon.
For the ordinary skill in the art; specific embodiment is just to invention has been exemplary description; obvious specific implementation of the present invention is not subject to the restrictions described above; as long as have employed the improvement of the various unsubstantialities that method of the present invention is conceived and technological scheme is carried out; or design of the present invention and technological scheme directly applied to other occasion, all within protection scope of the present invention without to improve.
Claims (10)
1. save a preparation method for fork product, comprise following operation: roller forging sheet stamping → forging and molding → magnetic particle flaw detection → machining; It is characterized in that: described operation does not comprise quenching with Subsequent tempering, by blank heating to 1180 ~ 1230 DEG C that roller forging sheet stamping operation prepares in forging and molding operation, blocking temperature is 1180 ~ 1230 DEG C, final forging temperature is 930 ~ 980 DEG C, after finish-forging, controlled cooling model speed is 2.5 ~ 3.5 DEG C/sec, carries out slow cooling after being cooled to 420 ~ 450 DEG C.
2. the preparation method of joint fork product according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the material that described joint fork product adopts is non-quenched and tempered free machining steel, its element composition and weight percentage are: C:0.32 ~ 0.39wt%, Si:0.30 ~ 0.50wt%, Mn:1.00 ~ 1.50wt%, S:0.035 ~ 0.050 wt%, Ca:0.002 ~ 0.005 wt%, Mg:0.002 ~ 0.005 wt%, V:0.06 ~ 0.13 wt%, Mo:0.015 ~ 0.025wt%, P≤0.035wt%, Cr≤0.30wt%, Ni≤0.30wt%, Cu≤0.25wt%, Al≤0.01wt%, Nb≤0.01wt%, Ti≤0.01wt%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
3. the preparation method of joint fork product according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described machining operation be included in numerical control machine tool carries out surfacing, boring, bore hole and chamfer angle technique; The milling opening process that square milling machine carries out; The garland key technique that vertical spline broaching machine carries out.
4. the preparation method of joint fork product according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described operation also comprises the hot galvanizing process after machining.
5. the preparation method of joint fork product according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the zinc bath of hot galvanizing is containing the Al of 0.08 ~ 0.13wt%, the Mg of 0.03 ~ 0.08, and surplus is zinc and inevitable impurity; The temperature of zinc bath is 420 ~ 450 DEG C.
6. the preparation method of joint fork product according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the THICKNESS CONTROL of hot dip galvanizing coating is 3 ~ 10 μm, then zinc coating is carried out Alloying Treatment in 25 ~ 35 seconds 420 ~ 450 DEG C of heat treatments.
7. a joint fork product, non-quenched and tempered free machining steel is obtained by the preparation method comprising forging and molding operation by it; It is characterized in that: the element composition of described non-quenched and tempered free machining steel and weight percentage are: C:0.32 ~ 0.39wt%, Si:0.30 ~ 0.50wt%, Mn:1.00 ~ 1.50wt%, S:0.035 ~ 0.050 wt%, Ca:0.002 ~ 0.005 wt%, Mg:0.002 ~ 0.005 wt%, V:0.06 ~ 0.13 wt%, Mo:0.015 ~ 0.025wt%, P≤0.035wt%, Cr≤0.30wt%, Ni≤0.30wt%, Cu≤0.25wt%, Al≤0.01wt%, Nb≤0.01wt%, Ti≤0.01wt%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
8. joint fork product according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: by blank heating to 1180 ~ 1230 DEG C that roller forging sheet stamping operation prepares in forging and molding operation, blocking temperature is 1180 ~ 1230 DEG C, final forging temperature is 930 ~ 980 DEG C, after finish-forging, controlled cooling model speed is 2.5 ~ 3.5 DEG C/sec, carries out slow cooling after being cooled to 420 ~ 450 DEG C.
9. joint fork product according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described joint fork product surface has hot dip galvanizing coating, and containing the Al of 0.08 ~ 0.13wt%, the Mg of 0.03 ~ 0.08 in described hot dip galvanizing coating, surplus is zinc and inevitable impurity.
10. joint fork product according to claim 9, is characterized in that: the thickness of described hot dip galvanizing coating is 3 ~ 10 μm, then zinc coating is carried out Alloying Treatment in 25 ~ 35 seconds 460 ~ 480 DEG C of heat treatments.
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CN104985401A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-10-21 | 浙江美亚特精密机械有限公司 | Joint yoke machining method |
CN106222518A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2016-12-14 | 合肥万向钱潮汽车零部件有限公司 | A kind of material prescription of the universal-joint flange yoke of truck drive shaft |
CN106763246A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-31 | 柳州孔辉汽车科技有限公司 | One kind opening internal spline and its manufacture method |
CN109108194A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2019-01-01 | 许昌中兴锻造有限公司 | The heavy novel forging technology of slip shaft yoke |
CN109266964A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-01-25 | 青岛天赢智能工业股份有限公司 | A kind of steel forgings production and processing technology |
CN110977357A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-10 | 台州浩尔工业有限公司 | Bell-shaped shell for universal joint and processing technology |
CN111763870A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2020-10-13 | 陕西蓝通传动轴有限公司 | Application of tempering-free steel, and blending and preparation method of tempering-free steel |
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CN104985401A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-10-21 | 浙江美亚特精密机械有限公司 | Joint yoke machining method |
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CN106763246A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-31 | 柳州孔辉汽车科技有限公司 | One kind opening internal spline and its manufacture method |
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CN111763870A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2020-10-13 | 陕西蓝通传动轴有限公司 | Application of tempering-free steel, and blending and preparation method of tempering-free steel |
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