CN104696310A - Composite hydraulic cylinder device - Google Patents
Composite hydraulic cylinder device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104696310A CN104696310A CN201510151309.5A CN201510151309A CN104696310A CN 104696310 A CN104696310 A CN 104696310A CN 201510151309 A CN201510151309 A CN 201510151309A CN 104696310 A CN104696310 A CN 104696310A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- movable part
- master cylinder
- piston rod
- auxiliary device
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1404—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type in clusters, e.g. multiple cylinders in one block
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1409—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type with two or more independently movable working pistons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
- F15B15/1428—Cylinders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
- F15B15/28—Means for indicating the position, e.g. end of stroke
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a composite hydraulic cylinder device which comprises a main cylinder and an auxiliary device. The auxiliary device is connected with a piston rod in the main cylinder to drive the piston rod in the main cylinder to return to a specified position when pressure, on the piston rod in the main cylinder, of a working medium in the main cylinder is lower than preset pressure of the auxiliary device. The auxiliary device connected with the piston rod in the main cylinder is arranged; when the pressure applied on the piston rod in the main cylinder by the working medium in the main cylinder is lower than the preset pressure of the auxiliary device, the auxiliary device can drive the piston rod in the main cylinder to return to the specified position, so that when the pressure, on the piston rod in the main cylinder, of the working medium in the main cylinder cannot be maintained constant, the piston rod in the main cylinder can still be ensured to return to the specified position to avoid the piston rod staying at a large-stroke position for a long time so as to meet different working needs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of hydraulic pressure, particularly relate to a kind of compound hydraulic cylinder device.
Background technique
At present, two go out piston rod oil hydraulic cylinder be generally made up of cylinder barrel, cylinder bottom, guide sleeve, piston, piston rod and Sealing etc., cylinder barrel is positioned at the outer wall of oil hydraulic cylinder, bears hydraulic fluid pressure during work; Cylinder bottom and cylinder barrel integrally welded, form oil hydraulic cylinder enclosed cavity, when oil hydraulic cylinder is compressed to dead point, piston is generally in contact with it; Guide sleeve mainly plays a part to support and ensure piston rod and cylinder barrel coaxality, also for the sealing of hydraulic cylinder mouth provides a bearing; Piston is one of critical component of oil hydraulic cylinder, and to-and-fro motion in oil hydraulic cylinder, bears induced pressure; Piston rod is the connected element of supporting piston acting, and major applications is the high moving element of a motion frequency, technical requirements in oil cylinder, cylinder moving power unit.
Go out piston rod hydraulic jack for existing pair to be below described, as shown in Figure 1, in prior art pair goes out the structural representation of piston rod hydraulic jack.This oil cylinder comprises a cylinder barrel a1, a piston rod a2, piston a3, left guide sleeve a4 and a right guide sleeve a5 and left oil port P
1with right oil port P
2, wherein piston rod a2 and piston a3 can be integral structure, and piston a3 can slide axially in cylinder barrel a1, and the inner chamber of cylinder barrel a1 is separated into mutually independently left chamber and right chamber by piston a3, cylinder barrel a1 has the left oil port P communicated with left chamber
1the right oil port P communicated with right chamber
2.In the cylinder barrel a1 of this hydraulic jack, its left chamber is communicated with independently of one another and not with right chamber, as left oil port P
1during oil-feed, oil pressure promotes piston a3 and drives piston rod a2 to move right relative to cylinder barrel a1 together, and the hydraulic oil in right chamber is from right oil port P
2discharge; As right oil port P
2oil-feed, oil pressure promotes piston a3 and drives piston rod a2 to be moved to the left relative to cylinder barrel a1 together, and the hydraulic oil in left chamber is from left oil port P
1discharge.
Traditional two go out piston rod oil hydraulic cylinder, although rely on pressure that piston rod can be made to move left and right, but this oil hydraulic cylinder Problems existing is: be no matter left chamber to pressure or right chamber to pressure, also or two chambeies give pressure simultaneously, piston all can not be made to stop accurately to a certain position of the cylinder barrel of specifying.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of compound hydraulic cylinder device, solve of the prior art two go out piston rod oil hydraulic cylinder cannot realize piston and stop problem to a certain specified position of cylinder barrel.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of compound hydraulic cylinder device, comprise master cylinder and auxiliary device, described auxiliary device is connected with the piston rod in described master cylinder, during to make the working medium of described auxiliary device in described master cylinder to the preset pressure of the pressure of the piston rod in described master cylinder lower than described auxiliary device, the piston rod in described master cylinder is driven to return to specified position.
Further, piston rod in described master cylinder is first piston bar, described master cylinder also comprises the first sealing configuration, first piston, the first cylinder barrel and the second sealing configuration, be located in described first cylinder barrel in wherein said first piston, described first piston bar is fixedly arranged in described first piston and described second sealing configuration, and it is mobile with the movement of described first piston, described first sealing configuration and described second sealing configuration are respectively used to the two ends sealing described master cylinder, to form closed chamber.
Further, piston rod in described master cylinder is first piston bar, described master cylinder also comprises the first sealing configuration, first piston, the first cylinder barrel and the second sealing configuration, be located in described first cylinder barrel in wherein said first piston, described first piston bar is fixedly arranged in described first piston, described first sealing configuration and described second sealing configuration, and it is mobile with the movement of described first piston, described first sealing configuration and described second sealing configuration are respectively used to the two ends sealing described master cylinder, to form closed chamber.
Further, described first sealing configuration of described master cylinder is guide sleeve, and described second sealing configuration is the cylinder bottom be fixedly connected with described first cylinder barrel.
Further, described first sealing configuration of described master cylinder and described second sealing configuration are guide sleeve.
Further, the both sides of the described first piston in described master cylinder form the 3rd chamber and the 4th chamber respectively, when difference between the pressure that described first piston bar is suffered in described 3rd chamber and pressure suffered in described 4th chamber is greater than the preset pressure of described auxiliary device, described first piston bar is from described specified position to two lateral movements, and the moving direction of described first piston bar decides according to the sign of described difference; When difference between the pressure that described first piston bar is suffered in described 3rd chamber and pressure suffered in described 4th chamber is less than the preset pressure of described auxiliary device, described first piston bar recovers from specified position described in two side direction.
Further, described auxiliary device is hydraulic type resetting means, the piston rod in described master cylinder can be driven to return to specified position according to default hydraulic pressure.
Further, described auxiliary device comprises the second cylinder barrel, second piston, 3rd piston and the second piston rod, piston rod in described master cylinder is fixedly connected with described second piston rod, be connected with described auxiliary device to make described master cylinder, shoulder is provided with in described second cylinder barrel, described second piston and described 3rd piston are placed in the both sides of described shoulder respectively, described second piston rod is provided with convex, the medial axis of described second piston and described 3rd piston is provided with hollow structure, described second piston rod is arranged in two described hollow structures, and make described convex between described second piston and described 3rd piston, the Extreme breadth of described second piston rod is less than or equal to the minimum diameter of described second cylinder barrel, and be greater than the Extreme breadth of the described hollow structure on described second piston and described 3rd piston, described second piston and described 3rd piston can relative to described second piston rod movements.
Further, the specified position of the piston rod in described master cylinder is determined by the fixed position of the piston on the piston rod in the position of described convex, described master cylinder and the position of described shoulder.
Further, described master cylinder and described auxiliary device share same cylinder bottom.
Further, described auxiliary device is Purely mechanical resetting means, can return to specified position by the piston rod in master cylinder according to default Purely mechanical pressure-driven.
Further, described auxiliary device comprises fixing frame and the first axostylus axostyle, described fixing frame is provided with the first movable part and the second movable part, described first axostylus axostyle is fixedly connected with the piston rod in described master cylinder, be connected with described auxiliary device to make described master cylinder, described fixing frame, the medial axis of described first movable part and described second movable part is provided with hollow structure, described first axostylus axostyle is provided with two lug bosses, described first axostylus axostyle is through described fixing frame, the hollow structure of described first movable part and described second movable part, and make described first movable part and described second movable part between described two lug bosses, the Extreme breadth of described two lug bosses is greater than the width of hollow structure on described first movable part and described second movable part, and be less than or equal to the width of hollow structure on described fixing frame, described first axostylus axostyle can relative to described fixing frame, described first movable part and described second movable part move, position on described first axostylus axostyle between described first movable part and described second movable part is provided with at least one group of the first spring.
Further, described fixing frame comprises the first end plate, the second end plate, the first side plate and the second side plate, and wherein said first end plate and described second end plate are individually fixed in the end of same one end of described first side plate and described second side plate.
Further, described auxiliary device also comprises support, and described support connects the cylinder barrel of described fixing frame and described master cylinder.
Further, described first movable part is the first mobile plate, and described second movable part is the second mobile plate, and described first mobile plate and described second mobile plate are installed between described first side plate and described second side plate movably.
Further, described fixing frame is also provided with at least one second axostylus axostyle, at least one second axostylus axostyle described is fixed between described first end plate and described second end plate, and the position on each at least one second axostylus axostyle described between described first movable part and described second movable part is provided with at least one group of the second spring.
Further, described auxiliary device is electromagnetic type resetting means, the piston rod in described master cylinder can be driven to return to specified position according to pre-given electromagnetic power.
Further, described auxiliary device comprises fixing frame and the first axostylus axostyle, described fixing frame is provided with the first movable part and the second movable part, described first axostylus axostyle is fixedly connected with the piston rod in described master cylinder, be connected with described auxiliary device to make described master cylinder, described fixing frame, the medial axis of described first movable part and described second movable part is provided with hollow structure, described first axostylus axostyle is provided with two lug bosses, described first axostylus axostyle is through described fixing frame, the hollow structure of described first movable part and described second movable part, and make described first movable part and described second movable part between described two lug bosses, the Extreme breadth of described two lug bosses is greater than the width of hollow structure on described first movable part and described second movable part, and be less than or equal to the width of hollow structure on described fixing frame, described first axostylus axostyle can relative to described fixing frame, described first movable part and described second movable part move, position on described first axostylus axostyle between described first movable part and described second movable part is provided with at least one group of electromagnet.
Based on technique scheme, the present invention is by arranging the auxiliary device be connected with master cylinder inner piston rod, when the working medium in master cylinder is to the preset pressure of the piston rod institute applied pressure in master cylinder lower than auxiliary device, auxiliary device can drive the piston rod in master cylinder to return to specified position, like this, when working medium in master cylinder can not keep constant to the pressure of master cylinder inner piston rod, compound hydraulic cylinder device of the present invention still can ensure that the piston rod in master cylinder returns to the position of specifying, piston rod is avoided to rest on larger row journey place for a long time, thus meet different work requirements.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and form a application's part, schematic description and description of the present invention, for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 be in prior art two go out the structural representation of piston rod hydraulic jack.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a compound hydraulic cylinder device embodiment in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of another embodiment of compound hydraulic cylinder device in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the first motion state schematic diagram of compound hydraulic cylinder device in Fig. 3 embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the second motion state schematic diagram of compound hydraulic cylinder device in Fig. 3 embodiment.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of another embodiment of compound hydraulic cylinder device in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the first motion state schematic diagram of compound hydraulic cylinder device in Fig. 6 embodiment.
Fig. 8 is the second motion state schematic diagram of compound hydraulic cylinder device in Fig. 7 embodiment.
In figure: a1-cylinder barrel, a2-piston rod, a3-piston, the left guide sleeve of a4-, the right guide sleeve of a5-, P
1-left oil port, P
2-right oil port;
100; 100 '; 100 "-compound hydraulic cylinder device, 101; 101 '; 101 "-master cylinder, 102; 102 '; 102 "-auxiliary devices;
1-first piston bar, 2-first sealing configuration, 3-first piston, 4-first cylinder barrel, 5-second sealing configuration;
201-the 3rd sealing configuration, 202-second cylinder barrel, 203-second piston, 204-the 3rd piston, 205-second piston rod, 206-convex, 207-shoulder;
301-support, 302-first end plate, 303-second end plate, 304-first side plate, 305-second side plate, 306-first mobile plate, 307-second mobile plate, 308-first axostylus axostyle, 309-first spring, 310-second axostylus axostyle, 311-second spring.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technological scheme in embodiment is clearly and completely described.Obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, instead of whole embodiments.Based on embodiments of the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
In describing the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " " center ", " transverse direction ", " longitudinal direction ", " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " on ", D score, " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end ", " interior ", orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as " outward " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, instead of indicate or imply that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore limiting the scope of the invention can not be interpreted as.
First, the invention provides a kind of compound hydraulic cylinder device, comprise master cylinder and auxiliary device, described auxiliary device is connected with the piston rod in described master cylinder, during to make the working medium of described auxiliary device in described master cylinder to the preset pressure of the pressure of the piston rod in described master cylinder lower than described auxiliary device, the piston rod in described master cylinder is driven to return to specified position.
The present invention is by arranging the auxiliary device be connected with master cylinder inner piston rod, when the working medium in master cylinder is to the preset pressure of the piston rod institute applied pressure in master cylinder lower than auxiliary device, auxiliary device can drive the piston rod in master cylinder to return to specified position, like this, when working medium in master cylinder can not keep constant to the pressure of master cylinder inner piston rod, compound hydraulic cylinder device of the present invention still can ensure that the piston rod in master cylinder returns to the position of specifying, avoid piston rod to rest on larger row journey place for a long time, thus meet different work requirements.
Wherein master cylinder can be singly go out formula hydraulic piston rod cylinder, also can be two go out formula hydraulic piston rod cylinder, can certainly be other structures.
Preferably, the both sides of the described first piston in described master cylinder form the 3rd chamber and the 4th chamber respectively, when difference between the pressure that described first piston bar is suffered in described 3rd chamber and pressure suffered in described 4th chamber is greater than the preset pressure of described auxiliary device, described first piston bar is from described specified position to two lateral movements, and the moving direction of described first piston bar decides according to the sign of described difference; When difference between the pressure that described first piston bar is suffered in described 3rd chamber and pressure suffered in described 4th chamber is less than the preset pressure of described auxiliary device, described first piston bar recovers from specified position described in two side direction.
For auxiliary device, its concrete structure can have multiple choices, acts on as long as can reach it.Such as, auxiliary device can be hydraulic type resetting means, the piston rod in described master cylinder can be driven to return to specified position according to default hydraulic pressure; Auxiliary device also can be Purely mechanical resetting means, can return to specified position by the piston rod in master cylinder according to default Purely mechanical pressure-driven; Auxiliary device can also be electromagnetic type resetting means, the piston rod in described master cylinder can be driven to return to specified position according to pre-given electromagnetic power; Auxiliary device can also adopt the mode etc. of motor, belt, gear or electric-mechanic control system.Can be described in detail to wherein several auxiliary device below.
As shown in Figure 2, be the structural representation of the embodiment of compound hydraulic cylinder device in the present invention.As can be seen from the figure, an embodiment of compound hydraulic cylinder device 100 of the present invention, comprise master cylinder 101 and auxiliary device 102, wherein master cylinder 101 comprises first piston bar 1, first sealing configuration 2, first piston 3, first cylinder barrel 4 and the second sealing configuration 5, be located in described first cylinder barrel 4 in wherein said first piston 3, described first piston bar 1 is fixedly arranged in described first piston 3 and described second sealing configuration 5, and it is mobile with the movement of described first piston 3, described first sealing configuration 2 and described second sealing configuration 5 are respectively used to the two ends sealing described master cylinder 101, to form closed chamber.
In described master cylinder 101, the both sides of described first piston 3 form the 3rd chamber (3 chamber) and the 4th chamber (4 chamber) respectively, described master cylinder 101 are provided with the import and export D be communicated with described 3rd chamber (3 chamber) and the import and export E be communicated with described 4th chamber (4 chamber).
Auxiliary device 102 is hydraulic type resetting means, comprise the second cylinder barrel 202, second piston 203, the 3rd piston 204 and the second piston rod 205, described first piston bar 3 is fixedly connected with described second piston rod 205, is connected with described auxiliary device 102 to make described master cylinder 101.
Shoulder 207 is provided with in described second cylinder barrel 202, described second piston 203 and described 3rd piston 204 are placed in the both sides of described shoulder 207 respectively, described second piston rod 205 is provided with convex 206, the medial axis of described second piston 203 and described 3rd piston 204 is provided with hollow structure, described second piston rod 205 is arranged in two described hollow structures, and make described convex 206 between described second piston 203 and described 3rd piston 204, the Extreme breadth of described second piston rod 205 is less than or equal to the minimum diameter of described second cylinder barrel 202, and be greater than the Extreme breadth of the described hollow structure on described second piston 203 and described 3rd piston 204, described second piston 203 and described 3rd piston 204 can move relative to described second piston rod 205.When described convex 206 and described shoulder 207 align, namely described first piston bar 1 arrives described specified position.
Each the first self-enclosed chamber (1 chamber), the 5th chamber (5 chambeies are disposed with in described second cylinder barrel 202, not shown), the 6th chamber (6 chambeies, not shown) and the second chamber (2 chamber), described second cylinder barrel 202 is provided with and the import and export A of described first chamber and the import and export B that is all communicated with described 6th chamber with described 5th chamber, described second cylinder barrel 202 is provided with the import and export C with described 6th chamber.
When the difference coming from the hydraulic pressure of described import and export D and described import and export E suffered by described first piston bar 1 is greater than the default hydraulic pressure of described auxiliary device 102, described first piston bar 1 is from described specified position to two lateral movements, and the moving direction of described first piston bar 1 decides according to the sign of described difference;
When above-mentioned difference is positive sign, the pressure importing and exporting D that comes from suffered by first piston bar 1 is greater than the pressure coming from and import and export E, then first piston bar 1 is towards making and importing and exporting the 3rd chamber (3 chamber) volume that D is communicated with and become large direction (as Fig. 2, move to the right), until the 4th chamber (4 chamber) disappears; When above-mentioned difference is negative sign, the pressure importing and exporting D that comes from suffered by first piston bar 1 is less than the pressure coming from and import and export E, then first piston bar 1 is towards making and importing and exporting the 4th chamber (4 chamber) volume that E is communicated with and become large direction (as Fig. 2, move left), until the 3rd chamber (3 chamber) disappears.
When the difference coming from the hydraulic pressure of described import and export D and described import and export E suffered by described first piston bar 1 is less than the default hydraulic pressure of described auxiliary device 102, described first piston bar 1 recovers from specified position described in two side direction.
In the above-described embodiments, this compound hydraulic cylinder device 100 is by arranging the auxiliary device 102 of the hydraulic type be connected with first piston bar 1 in master cylinder 101, when the working medium in master cylinder 101 is to the preset pressure of 1 applied pressure of the first piston bar in master cylinder 101 lower than auxiliary device 102, auxiliary device 102 can drive the first piston bar 1 in master cylinder 101 to return to specified position, like this, when working medium in master cylinder 101 is to when in master cylinder 101, the pressure of first piston bar 1 can not keep constant, compound hydraulic cylinder device of the present invention still can ensure that the first piston bar 1 in master cylinder 101 returns to the position (such as position) as shown in Figure 2 of specifying, piston rod is avoided to rest on larger row journey place for a long time, thus meet different work requirements.
For the compound hydraulic cylinder device 100 of above-mentioned employing hydraulic type auxiliary device 102, in master cylinder 101, the implication of the specified position of first piston bar 1 is: by determined position, the fixed position of first piston 3 on first piston bar 1 in the position of convex 206 in auxiliary device 102, the position of shoulder 207 and master cylinder 101.That is, when any one or more in these three positions change, the specified position of first piston bar 1 also can change, but for a kind of specific shaping compound hydraulic cylinder device, its specified position is unique, because when shaping, above-mentioned three positions are also well-determined.
A bit it should be noted that in addition, the pressure of the import and export A on the second cylinder barrel 202 of the auxiliary device 102 in Fig. 2 embodiment and the pressure of import and export C can remain identical, namely the second piston 203 bears identical pressure with the 3rd piston 204, like this, preset pressure in auxiliary device is a value, and the moving direction of first piston bar 1 is determined by the pressure difference comparing coming from suffered by this preset pressure and first piston bar 1 and import and export D and import and export E, certainly, the pressure of the import and export A on the second cylinder barrel 202 and the pressure of import and export C also can be different, namely the second piston 203 bears different pressure from the 3rd piston 204, like this, preset pressure in auxiliary device comprises two values, if import and export A is called the first preset pressure to the second piston 203 applied pressures, import and export C is called the second preset pressure to the 3rd piston 204 applied pressures, then the moving direction of first piston bar 1 needs the difference by comparing the first preset pressure and the second preset pressure and coming from suffered by first piston bar 1 to import and export D to determine with the pressure difference importing and exporting E.
In addition, master cylinder 101 shown in Fig. 2 and auxiliary device 102 share same sealing configuration (i.e. the second sealing configuration 5), sealing structure also can be called cylinder bottom, and the two ends of auxiliary device 102 seal respectively by this cylinder bottom and the 3rd sealing configuration 201.First sealing configuration 2 and the 3rd sealing configuration 201 can be guide sleeve or other sealing configurations, and the medial axis of the 3rd sealing configuration 201 is provided with hollow structure, and the second piston rod 205 is through above-mentioned hollow structure.In other embodiments, master cylinder 101 also can be connected by other means with auxiliary device 102, such as direct first cylinder barrel 4 and the second cylinder barrel 202 to be welded to connect, or master cylinder 101 and each selfsealings of auxiliary device 102, then the two in outside by being fixedly connected with and connecting between first piston bar 1 and the second piston rod 205.Certainly, these Placements are also applicable to the connection between following other forms of master cylinder and other forms of auxiliary device.
The shape of convex 206 as shown in Figure 2 can be cylindrical, also can be other shapes, as long as the second piston 203 and the 3rd piston 204 can be kept apart on the position of the second piston rod 205, and the second piston 203 or the relative movement on the second piston rod 205 of the 3rd piston 204 can be driven.
As shown in Figure 3, be the structural representation of another embodiment of compound hydraulic cylinder device in the present invention.In Fig. 3, compound hydraulic cylinder device 100 ' comprises master cylinder 101 ' and auxiliary device 102, and its middle auxiliary device 102 is identical with the auxiliary device 102 in Fig. 2 embodiment, and difference is only that the structural type of master cylinder 101 ' is different from the structural type of master cylinder in Fig. 2 101.Master cylinder 101 is the piston-type hydraulic cylinder singly gone out, and master cylinder 101 ' is pair piston-type hydraulic cylinder gone out, the interior first piston bar 1 of master cylinder 101 ' is fixedly arranged in first piston 3, first sealing configuration 2 and the second sealing configuration 5, namely the two ends of first piston bar 1 all pass the first cylinder barrel 4, formation pair goes out formula hydraulic piston rod cylinder, and other structures are all identical with master cylinder 101.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the first motion state of compound hydraulic cylinder device in Fig. 3 embodiment and the schematic diagram of the second motion state is respectively.Below in conjunction with Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, and be hydraulic oil for the working medium in master cylinder 101 ' and auxiliary device 102, the working principle of compound hydraulic cylinder device 100 ' be described:
Import and export A, import and export C connects identical oil circuit, its input pressure is identical, and namely the second piston 203 bears identical pressure with the 3rd piston 204.Compound hydraulic cylinder device 100 ' in the course of the work, is imported and exported A, import and export C is connected identical pressure all the time, imports and exports B and connects fuel tank.This compound hydraulic cylinder device 100 ' is when non-working condition, and first piston bar 1, second piston rod 205 does not stretch out, and keeps state as shown in Figure 3.
When import and export E oil-feed pressurization, when the pressure that first piston 3 is subject to is greater than the pressure that the second piston 203 is subject to, 4 cavity volume increase, and namely first piston 3 is under pressure and drives first piston bar 1 to move to left, and the oil return of D mouth, 3 cavity volume are decreased to disappearance.Because the second piston rod 205 links into an integrated entity with first piston bar 1, the second piston rod 205 moves to left with first piston bar 1, and 1 cavity volume diminishes or disappears, namely the second piston rod 205 is provided with convex 206, convex 206 drives the second piston 203 to move to left, and defines 5 chambeies simultaneously, and the oil-feed of B mouth compensates 5 chambeies.After the pressurization of E mouth, cylinder movement state as shown in Figure 4.
When E mouth input pressure is decreased to the pressure being less than and acting on the second piston 203, first piston bar 1 and the second piston rod 205 are reset to position as shown in Figure 3, and namely A mouth enters pressure oil, 1 chamber is recovered, the oil return of B mouth, and 5 chambeies disappear, the oil-feed of D mouth compensates 3 chambeies, and 3 chambeies return to state as shown in Figure 3.
When import and export D oil-feed pressurization, when the pressure that first piston 3 is subject to is greater than the pressure that the second piston 203 is subject to, 3 cavity volume increase, and namely first piston 3 is under pressure and drives first piston bar 1 to move to right, and the oil return of E mouth, 4 cavity volume are decreased to disappearance.Because the second piston rod 205 links into an integrated entity with first piston bar 1, the second piston rod 205 moves to right with first piston bar 1, and 2 cavity volume reduce or disappear, namely the second piston rod 205 is provided with convex 206, convex 206 drives the 3rd piston 204 to move to right, and defines 6 chambeies simultaneously, and the oil-feed of B mouth compensates 6 chambeies.After the pressurization of D mouth, cylinder movement state as shown in Figure 5.
When D mouth input pressure is decreased to the pressure being less than and acting on the 3rd piston 204, first piston bar 1 and the second piston rod 205 are reset to position as shown in Figure 3, and namely C mouth enters pressure oil, 2 chambeies are recovered, the oil return of B mouth, and 6 chambeies disappear, the oil-feed of E mouth compensates 4 chambeies, and 4 chambeies return to state as shown in Figure 3.
As shown in Figure 6, be the structural representation of another embodiment of compound hydraulic cylinder device in the present invention.Compound hydraulic cylinder device 100 " comprising master cylinder 101 " and auxiliary device 102 ' in Fig. 6, the structural type of master cylinder 101 and auxiliary device 102 ' is all different from the structural type of the master cylinder 101 ' in Fig. 3 embodiment and auxiliary device 102.
Master cylinder 101 " be also two go out piston-type hydraulic cylinder; but master cylinder 101 in Fig. 6 " the first sealing configuration 2 and the second sealing configuration 5 all adopt guide sleeve, two guide sleeve medial axis are provided with hollow structure, first piston bar 1 is fixedly arranged in first piston 3, first sealing configuration 2 and the second sealing configuration 5, the two ends of first piston bar 1 all pass the first cylinder barrel 4, formation pair goes out formula hydraulic piston rod cylinder, and other structures are all identical with master cylinder 101 '.
Auxiliary device 102 ' is Purely mechanical resetting means, comprise fixing frame and the first axostylus axostyle 308, described fixing frame is provided with the first movable part and the second movable part, described first axostylus axostyle 308 is fixedly connected with described first piston bar 1, " be connected with described auxiliary device 102 ' to make described master cylinder 101, described fixing frame, the medial axis of described first movable part and described second movable part is provided with hollow structure, described first axostylus axostyle 308 is provided with two lug bosses, described first axostylus axostyle 308 is through described fixing frame, the hollow structure of described first movable part and described second movable part, and make described first movable part and described second movable part between described two lug bosses, the Extreme breadth of described two lug bosses is greater than the width of hollow structure on described first movable part and described second movable part, and be less than or equal to the width of hollow structure on described fixing frame, described first axostylus axostyle 308 can relative to described fixing frame, described first movable part and described second movable part move, position on described first axostylus axostyle 308 between described first movable part and described second movable part is provided with at least one group of the first spring 309.
When the difference coming from the hydraulic pressure of described import and export D and described import and export E suffered by described first piston bar 1 is greater than the pretightening force of described first spring 309, described first piston bar 1 is from described specified position to two lateral movements, and the moving direction of described first piston bar 1 decides according to the sign of described difference;
When above-mentioned difference is positive sign, the pressure importing and exporting D that comes from suffered by first piston bar 1 is greater than the pressure coming from and import and export E, then first piston bar 1 is towards making and importing and exporting the 3rd chamber (3 chamber) volume that D is communicated with and become large direction (as Fig. 2, move to the right), until the 4th chamber (4 chamber) disappears; When above-mentioned difference is negative sign, the pressure importing and exporting D that comes from suffered by first piston bar 1 is less than the pressure coming from and import and export E, then first piston bar 1 is towards making and importing and exporting the 4th chamber (4 chamber) volume that E is communicated with and become large direction (as Fig. 2, move left), until the 3rd chamber (3 chamber) disappears.
When the difference coming from the hydraulic pressure of described import and export D and described import and export E suffered by described first piston bar 1 is less than the pretightening force of described first spring 309, described first piston bar 1 recovers from specified position described in two side direction.
In the above-described embodiments, the auxiliary device 102 ' of the hydraulic type that this compound hydraulic cylinder device 100 " by arranging and master cylinder 101 " interior first piston bar 1 is connected, when the initial tension of spring that first piston bar 1 applied pressure in master cylinder 101 " in working medium to master cylinder 101 " is preset lower than auxiliary device 102 ', auxiliary device 102 ' can drive master cylinder 101, and " interior first piston bar 1 returns to specified position, like this, when in master cylinder 101 " in working medium to master cylinder 101 ", the pressure of first piston bar 1 can not keep constant, compound hydraulic cylinder device of the present invention still can ensure master cylinder 101 " in first piston bar 1 return to the position (such as position) as shown in Figure 6 of specifying, piston rod is avoided to rest on larger row journey place for a long time, thus meet different work requirements.
Compound hydraulic cylinder device 100 for above-mentioned employing Purely mechanical auxiliary device 102 ' ", master cylinder 101 " implication of the specified position of middle first piston bar 1 is: the Distance geometry master cylinder 101 by the first axostylus axostyle 308 of auxiliary device 102 ' between two lug bosses " determined position, the interior fixed position of first piston 3 on first piston bar 1.That is, when any one in these two positions changes, the specified position of first piston bar 1 also can change, but for a kind of specific shaping compound hydraulic cylinder device, its specified position is unique, because when shaping, above-mentioned two positions are also well-determined.
As shown in Figure 6, fixing frame can comprise the first end plate 302, second end plate 303, first side plate 304 and the second side plate 305, wherein said first end plate 302 and described second end plate 303 are individually fixed in the end of same one end of described first side plate 304 and described second side plate 305, namely fixing frame can surround quadrilateral or other shapes, can surround square in order to attractive in appearance.Certainly, described first end plate 302 and described second end plate 303 also can be individually fixed in the end of the opposite side of described first side plate 304 and described second side plate 305, and namely such fixing frame forms two triangles, and such structure is more firm.
Preferably, described auxiliary device 102 ' also comprises support 301, and described support 301 connects described fixing frame and described first cylinder barrel 4.
In addition, the specific constructive form of the first movable part and the second movable part can have a variety of, such as, first movable part and the second movable part can be mobile plates, also can be columniform movable rod or other structures, preferably, described first movable part can be the first mobile plate 306, described second movable part is the second mobile plate 307, and described first mobile plate 306 and described second mobile plate 307 are installed between described first side plate 304 and described second side plate 305 movably.
Auxiliary device 102 ' described above can also comprise the composite structure form of multiple axostylus axostyle and spring, particularly, described fixing frame is also provided with at least one second axostylus axostyle 310, at least one second axostylus axostyle 310 described is fixed between described first end plate 302 and described second end plate 303, and the position on each at least one second axostylus axostyle 310 described between described first movable part and described second movable part is provided with at least one group of the second spring 311.
As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, the first motion state of compound hydraulic cylinder device in Fig. 6 embodiment and the schematic diagram of the second motion state is respectively.Below in conjunction with Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, and for master cylinder 101, the working principle of " interior working medium is hydraulic oil, to compound hydraulic cylinder device 100 " is described:
When E mouth oil-feed pressurization D mouth oil return, the right side of first piston 3 is stressed, first piston bar 1 moves to left, the second mobile plate 307 moves to left, the first spring 309 and the second spring 311 by the compression of the second mobile plate 307, as shown in Figure 7.When E mouth reduces pressure, the first spring 309 be compressed and the second spring 311 possess spring force, and first piston bar 1 can be made to return to position as shown in Figure 6, while the first spring 309 and the second spring 311 reset, the oil-feed of D mouth, to compensate the pressure of the 3rd chamber in master cylinder.
When D mouth oil-feed pressurization E mouth oil return, the left side of first piston 3 is stressed, first piston bar 1 moves to right, the first mobile plate 306 moves to right, the first spring 309 and the second spring 311 by the compression of the first mobile plate 306, as shown in Figure 8.When D mouth reduces pressure, the first spring 309 be compressed and the second spring 311 possess spring force, and first piston bar 1 can be made to return to position as shown in Figure 6, while the first spring 309 and the second spring 311 reset, the oil-feed of E mouth, to compensate the pressure of the 4th chamber in master cylinder.
The structural type of auxiliary device of the present invention, except hydraulic type as shown in Figure 3 and Purely mechanical as shown in Figure 6, can also be electromagnetic type.Electromagnetic type auxiliary device 102 " structural type can have a variety of, as long as drive the piston rod in master cylinder to return to specified position according to pre-given electromagnetic power.Such as, its structural type can be set to identical with the structure of Fig. 6 embodiment middle auxiliary device 102 ', just the first spring and the second spring is all replaced with electromagnet.
To sum up; the present invention describes the master cylinder of three kinds of forms and the auxiliary device of three kinds of forms altogether; certain master cylinder of the present invention and auxiliary device have more than and are limited to this several form, as long as other forms of master cylinder and auxiliary device can reach object of the present invention, also within protection scope of the present invention.In addition, Fig. 2-8 also illustrate only three kinds of preferred combining forms, can also have other combining forms multiple between multi-form master cylinder and auxiliary device.Such as, master cylinder 101 and auxiliary device 102 ' can be combined, also master cylinder 101 and auxiliary device 102 " can be carried out combining etc.
The compound hydraulic cylinder device that the present invention proposes, combines the stop place realizing piston rod by master cylinder and auxiliary device.Total is divided into auxiliary device and master cylinder, and two oil hydraulic cylinders can be adopted to share a cylinder bottom, also can adopt with spring, electromagnet or other there is recovery and the auxiliary device of driving force.Cooperation by auxiliary device and master cylinder:
1. can realize three stop places of first piston bar, and first piston can be regulated in master cylinder relative to the stop place of the first cylinder barrel.
2. the size of auxiliary device input pressure can adjust, and constant pressure then reposition force is constant.
3. compact structure of the present invention, is conducive to conserve space, the layout between each parts of reasonable arrangement.
4. the design of shoulder in the second cylinder barrel, solves the problem of spacing second piston and the 3rd piston movement stroke dexterously.
5. the design of convex on the second piston rod, achieves the object being pulled the second piston and the 3rd piston movement by the second piston rod.
6. in the present invention, first piston bar is fixedly connected with the second piston rod, achieves the integrated motion of two piston rods.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technological scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit; Although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify to the specific embodiment of the present invention or carry out equivalent replacement to portion of techniques feature; And not departing from the spirit of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the technological scheme scope of request of the present invention protection.
Claims (18)
1. a compound hydraulic cylinder device, is characterized in that, comprises master cylinder (101; 101'; 101 〃) and auxiliary device (102; 102'; 102 〃), described auxiliary device (102; 102'; 102 〃) and described master cylinder (101; 101'; 101 〃) in piston rod connect, to make described auxiliary device (102; 102'; 102 〃) at described master cylinder (101; 101'; 101 〃) in working medium to described master cylinder (101; 101'; 101 〃) in the pressure of piston rod lower than described auxiliary device (102; 102'; 102 〃) preset pressure time, drive described master cylinder (101; 101'; 101 〃) in piston rod return to specified position.
2. compound hydraulic cylinder device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, piston rod in described master cylinder (101) is first piston bar (1), described master cylinder (101) also comprises the first sealing configuration (2), first piston (3), first cylinder barrel (4) and the second sealing configuration (5), be located in described first cylinder barrel (4) in wherein said first piston (3), described first piston bar (1) is fixedly arranged in described first piston (3) and described second sealing configuration (5), and it is mobile with the movement of described first piston (3), described first sealing configuration (2) and described second sealing configuration (5) are respectively used to the two ends sealing described master cylinder (101), to form closed chamber.
3. compound hydraulic cylinder device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described master cylinder (101', 101 〃) in piston rod be first piston bar (1), described master cylinder (101') also comprises the first sealing configuration (2), first piston (3), first cylinder barrel (4) and the second sealing configuration (5), be located in described first cylinder barrel (4) in wherein said first piston (3), described first piston bar (1) is fixedly arranged in described first piston (3), in described first sealing configuration (2) and described second sealing configuration (5), and it is mobile with the movement of described first piston (3), described first sealing configuration (2) and described second sealing configuration (5) are respectively used to seal described master cylinder (101', 101 〃) two ends, to form closed chamber.
4. compound hydraulic cylinder device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described first sealing configuration (2) of described master cylinder (101') is guide sleeve, and described second sealing configuration (5) is the cylinder bottom be fixedly connected with described first cylinder barrel (4).
5. compound hydraulic cylinder device according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described first sealing configuration (2) of described master cylinder (101 〃) and described second sealing configuration (5) are guide sleeve.
6. the compound hydraulic cylinder device according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that, described master cylinder (101; 101'; 101 〃) in the both sides of described first piston (3) form the 3rd chamber and the 4th chamber respectively,
Difference between the pressure that described first piston bar (1) is suffered in described 3rd chamber and pressure suffered in described 4th chamber is greater than described auxiliary device (102; 102'; 102 〃) preset pressure time, described first piston bar (1) is from described specified position to two lateral movements, and the moving direction of described first piston bar (1) decides according to the sign of described difference;
Difference between the pressure that described first piston bar (1) is suffered in described 3rd chamber and pressure suffered in described 4th chamber is less than described auxiliary device (102; 102'; 102 〃) preset pressure time, described first piston bar (1) from described in two side direction specified position recover.
7. compound hydraulic cylinder device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described auxiliary device (102) is hydraulic type resetting means, can drive described master cylinder (101 according to default hydraulic pressure; 101'; 101 〃) in piston rod return to specified position.
8. compound hydraulic cylinder device according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described auxiliary device (102) comprises the second cylinder barrel (202), the second piston (203), the 3rd piston (204) and the second piston rod (205), described master cylinder (101; 101'; 101 〃) in piston rod be fixedly connected with described second piston rod (205), to make described master cylinder (101; 101'; 101 〃) be connected with described auxiliary device (102), shoulder (207) is provided with in described second cylinder barrel (202), described second piston (203) and described 3rd piston (204) are placed in the both sides of described shoulder (207) respectively, described second piston rod (205) is provided with convex (206), the medial axis of described second piston (203) and described 3rd piston (204) is provided with hollow structure, described second piston rod (205) is arranged in two described hollow structures, and make described convex (206) be positioned between described second piston (203) and described 3rd piston (204), the Extreme breadth of described second piston rod (205) is less than or equal to the minimum diameter of described second cylinder barrel (202), and be greater than the Extreme breadth of the described hollow structure on described second piston (203) and described 3rd piston (204), described second piston (203) and described 3rd piston (204) can relative to described second piston rod (205) motions.
9. compound hydraulic cylinder device according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described master cylinder (101; 101'; 101 〃) in the specified position of piston rod by the position of described convex (206), described master cylinder (101; 101'; 101 〃) in piston rod on the fixed position of piston and the position of described shoulder (207) determine.
10. compound hydraulic cylinder device according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described master cylinder (101; 101'; 101 〃) share same cylinder bottom with described auxiliary device (102).
11. compound hydraulic cylinder devices according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described auxiliary device (102') is Purely mechanical resetting means, can according to default Purely mechanical pressure-driven master cylinder (101; 101'; 101 〃) in piston rod return to specified position.
12. compound hydraulic cylinder devices according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, described auxiliary device (102') comprises fixing frame and the first axostylus axostyle (308), described fixing frame is provided with the first movable part and the second movable part, described first axostylus axostyle (308) and described master cylinder (101, 101', 101 〃) in piston rod be fixedly connected with, to make described master cylinder (101, 101', 101 〃) be connected with described auxiliary device (102'), described fixing frame, the medial axis of described first movable part and described second movable part is provided with hollow structure, described first axostylus axostyle (308) is provided with two lug bosses, described first axostylus axostyle (308) is through described fixing frame, the hollow structure of described first movable part and described second movable part, and make described first movable part and described second movable part between described two lug bosses, the Extreme breadth of described two lug bosses is greater than the width of hollow structure on described first movable part and described second movable part, and be less than or equal to the width of hollow structure on described fixing frame, described first axostylus axostyle (308) can relative to described fixing frame, described first movable part and described second movable part move, position on described first axostylus axostyle (308) between described first movable part and described second movable part is provided with at least one group of the first spring (309).
13. compound hydraulic cylinder devices according to claim 12, it is characterized in that, described fixing frame comprises the first end plate (302), the second end plate (303), the first side plate (304) and the second side plate (305), and wherein said first end plate (302) and described second end plate (303) are individually fixed in the end of same one end of described first side plate (304) and described second side plate (305).
14. compound hydraulic cylinder devices according to claim 12, is characterized in that, described auxiliary device (102') also comprises support (301), and described support (301) connects described fixing frame and described master cylinder (101; 101'; 101 〃) cylinder barrel.
15. compound hydraulic cylinder devices according to claim 12, it is characterized in that, described first movable part is the first mobile plate (306), described second movable part is the second mobile plate (307), and described first mobile plate (306) and described second mobile plate (307) are installed between described first side plate (304) and described second side plate (305) movably.
16. compound hydraulic cylinder devices according to claim 12, it is characterized in that, described fixing frame is also provided with at least one second axostylus axostyle (310), at least one second axostylus axostyle (310) described is fixed between described first end plate (302) and described second end plate (303), and the position on each at least one second axostylus axostyle (310) described between described first movable part and described second movable part is provided with at least one group of the second spring (311).
17. compound hydraulic cylinder devices according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described auxiliary device (102 〃) is electromagnetic type resetting means, can drive described master cylinder (101 according to pre-given electromagnetic power; 101'; 101 〃) in piston rod return to specified position.
18. compound hydraulic cylinder devices according to claim 17, it is characterized in that, described auxiliary device (102 〃) comprises fixing frame and the first axostylus axostyle (308), described fixing frame is provided with the first movable part and the second movable part, described first axostylus axostyle (308) and described master cylinder (101, 101', 101 〃) in piston rod be fixedly connected with, to make described master cylinder (101, 101', 101 〃) be connected with described auxiliary device (102 〃), described fixing frame, the medial axis of described first movable part and described second movable part is provided with hollow structure, described first axostylus axostyle (308) is provided with two lug bosses, described first axostylus axostyle (308) is through described fixing frame, the hollow structure of described first movable part and described second movable part, and make described first movable part and described second movable part between described two lug bosses, the Extreme breadth of described two lug bosses is greater than the width of hollow structure on described first movable part and described second movable part, and be less than or equal to the width of hollow structure on described fixing frame, described first axostylus axostyle (308) can relative to described fixing frame, described first movable part and described second movable part move, position on described first axostylus axostyle (308) between described first movable part and described second movable part is provided with at least one group of electromagnet.
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| CN109458030A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-03-12 | 武汉理工大学 | Hydraulic drive Self-resetting support device |
| CN110259760A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-09-20 | 北京理工大学珠海学院 | High frequency couples power cylinder and its application method without bar |
| CN112024053A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-04 | 湖南三一快而居住宅工业有限公司 | Drive adjusting device and rubbing crusher |
| CN113700695A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-26 | 中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司 | Power transmission device for different media and use method |
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