CN104671816B - A kind of preparation method of the high-purity carbon/carbon compound material possessing cvd film - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of the high-purity carbon/carbon compound material possessing cvd film Download PDF

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CN104671816B
CN104671816B CN201510103876.3A CN201510103876A CN104671816B CN 104671816 B CN104671816 B CN 104671816B CN 201510103876 A CN201510103876 A CN 201510103876A CN 104671816 B CN104671816 B CN 104671816B
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carbon
cvd
compound material
cvd film
purity
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CN104671816A (en
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李程伟
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Huizhou city Huiyang District Yalian Industry Co. Ltd.
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章俊
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Abstract

The preparation method that the present invention relates to a kind of high-purity carbon/carbon compound material possessing cvd film, comprises the steps: that 1 makes the preforming idiosome with height-oriented cone C/C composite;2 enhancing skeleton vacuum impregnation benzoxazine resins solution step 1 obtained also make required shape;3 carry out pressurization carbonization under nitrogen protection by processing, through step 2, the prepreg obtained;Impregnate high temperature resistant Econol resin solution again and fill space, carry out chemical vapour deposition (CVD) CVD afterwards;4 graphitization processing;5 fine and close carbon/carbon composite articles step 4 obtained carry out steam activation; after activation, under inert gas shielding, cooling obtains the high-purity carbon/carbon compound material possessing cvd film, possesses the density of high-purity carbon/carbon compound material of cvd film more than 2.58g/cm3, hot strength reaches more than 900MPa, and thermal conductivity is 450-480W/ (m K), and thermal diffusivity is 3.3cm2/s。

Description

A kind of preparation method of the high-purity carbon/carbon compound material possessing cvd film
Technical field
The preparation method that the present invention relates to a kind of Carbon Materials, particularly to the preparation method of a kind of carbon/carbon composite.
Background technology
The inorganic non-metallic based composites that carbon/carbon (C/C) composite is made up of carbon fiber and carbon base body, its modulus is high, intensity is big, wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, absorbing is good, particularly having heat stability and the thermal shock resistance of excellence, at high temperature mechanical strength loss is little.Since the sixties develops, have become as a kind of new material of World High Technology field primary study and exploitation.At aerospace field, there is important using value, as aircraft brake sheet, the heatshield material of reentry vehicle, rocket nose cone, engine jet pipe, thrust chamber and combustion liner etc..
Type according to the matrix precursor that composite densification process adopts, the processing technology of carbon/carbon compound material mainly has two kinds of methods: one is chemical vapour deposition (CVD) (CVD) method, and it is with hydrocarbon gas (CH4, C2H4, natural gas etc.) for matrix precursor, after these gases at high temperature produce pyrolytic reaction, C is deposited on precast body surface with the form of atom or drop or oozes in the space within long-pending precast body, this method can obtain the carbon/carbon compound material of better performance, higher density, and shortcoming is equipment complexity, fabrication cycle length, stock utilization low (only about 3%), cost height.Another kind of method is called liquid impregnation-carbonizatin method, and it is that these raw materials at high temperature occur series of complex chemical change to be converted into matrix carbon with thermoplastic bitumen or thermosetting resin for matrix precursor.This method is raw materials used cheap, and equipment is simple, fabrication cycle is short, thus receives the attention of many scientific workers in world wide, becomes a focus of carbon/carbon compound material research.Introduce catalyst and thermosetting resin charcoal is carried out catalyzed graphitization, be a kind of effective ways improving phenolic resin carbon degree of graphitization.The report such as Li Chongjun adds pure boron as catalyst in resin carbon micropowder, graphitization temperature be 2100 DEG C, catalyst boron consumption is less than under 5.0wt% process conditions, the degree of graphitization of resin carbon base carbon/carbon composite has reached 82%, and the carbon/carbon composite of catalyst-free degree of graphitization at 2500 DEG C just reaches 71%.This shows that boron all has obvious effect in reducing graphitization temperature and improving degree of graphitization.The correlational study of the preparation technology of the simultaneously not complete at present high-purity carbon/carbon compound material adopting liquid impregnation-charing method preparation to possess cvd film.
Summary of the invention
It is contemplated that overcome prior art not enough, the preparation method that purpose is to provide the simple and reproducible high heat conductivity carbon fiber polymer matrix composites of a kind of preparation technology, the high-purity carbon/carbon compound material the possessing cvd film not only highly directional high heat conduction prepared by the method, and along fibre length direction mechanical property be improved significantly.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the preparation method of a kind of high-purity carbon/carbon compound material possessing cvd film, including following five steps:
(1) it is coated with sulfonic polyether sulfone at continuous filament yarn carbon fiber surface; then under nitrogen protection in 1800-2000 DEG C of pyrolysis; to remove the oxygen-containing functional group of carbon fiber surface; expose carbon fiber nude surface; then pretreated continuous filament yarn carbon fiber winding is made the preforming idiosome with height-oriented cone carbon/carbon compound material, adopts the preforming idiosome of this carbon fiber as strengthening skeleton;Wherein, the body density of the preforming idiosome of described carbon fiber is at 1.0g/cm3Below;
(2) what step (1) obtained strengthens skeleton vacuum impregnation thermosetting benzoxazine resins solution and makes required shape, the resin carbon under high-temperature process residual;Described vacuum impregnation temperature is 400-450 DEG C;
(3) carrying out pressurization carbonization under nitrogen protection by processing, through step (2), the prepreg obtained, namely at 60~100MPa, room temperature are to 200 DEG C, blank of material is made in compression molding;Under inert atmosphere protection, with the speed carbonizations of 15~20 DEG C/h to 900~1000 DEG C and 900~1000 DEG C of constant temperature 1~2 hour;Impregnate high temperature resistant Econol resin solution again and fill space, carry out chemical vapour deposition (CVD) CVD afterwards,;
(4) repeating all after dates of step (3) 5-10 makes its densification make primary products formed, by primary products formed under an argon atmosphere, 2400~2600 DEG C of preheatings are risen to 100~200 DEG C/h of speed, and be warming up to 3000-3500 DEG C of constant temperature and within 1~2 hour, carry out graphitization processing, graphitization internal furnace furnace pressure is at below 20MPa;Impregnate again afterwards, then CVD so that it is densification further;In described step (4), CVD technique is that the preform being deposited is placed in the CVD stove of equal heat space, and hydrocarbon gas occurs pyrolysis to sink carbon in the porous preform of soaking, makes byproduct gas diffuse out.
(5) fine and close carbon/carbon composite article step (4) obtained carries out steam activation; after activation; cool down under inert gas shielding; obtain the high-purity carbon/carbon compound material possessing cvd film, described in possess the density of high-purity carbon/carbon compound material of cvd film more than 2.58g/cm3, hot strength reaches more than 900MPa, and thermal conductivity is 450-480W/ (m K), and thermal diffusivity is 3.3cm2/s。
Wherein, step (5) steam activation temperature is 750~900 DEG C, and water inlet speed is 0.5~20ml/min, and the time is 1.5~6 hours, and heating rate is 1~15 DEG C/min.
Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) in described step (3) and step (4) mainly has isothermal process, barometric gradient flow-route and temperature gradient processes three kinds.
The high-purity carbon/carbon compound material of prepared by the present invention possess cvd film its be characterized in that mainly by sulfonic polyether sulfone pretreatment carbon fiber, control pyrolysis temperature, carbonization of pressurizeing, impregnate high temperature resistant Econol resin and high temperature graphitization and process the content and the form that control pyrolytic carbon, to obtain the carbon/carbon compound material of higher heat-conductivity, high tensile and low thermal coefficient of expansion, low-friction coefficient.The carbon/carbon compound material that the inventive method prepares, has that low-friction coefficient, thermal stability be excellent, high intensity and an advantage such as wear-resisting.This have the advantage that technique is simple, workable, easy to make.
Detailed description of the invention
It is further elucidated with feature and the effect of the present invention by the examples below.
Embodiment 1:
(1) it is coated with sulfonic polyether sulfone at continuous filament yarn carbon fiber surface; then under nitrogen protection in 800 DEG C of pyrolysis; to remove the oxygen-containing functional group of carbon fiber surface; expose carbon fiber nude surface; then pretreated continuous filament yarn carbon fiber winding is made the preforming idiosome with height-oriented cone C/C composite, adopts the preforming idiosome of this carbon fiber as strengthening skeleton;Wherein, the body density of the preforming idiosome of described carbon fiber is 0.6g/cm3
(2) what step (1) obtained strengthens skeleton vacuum impregnation thermosetting benzoxazine resins solution and makes required shape, the resin carbon under high-temperature process residual;Described vacuum impregnation temperature is 400 DEG C;
(3) carrying out pressurization carbonization under nitrogen protection by processing, through step (2), the prepreg obtained, namely at 60MPa, room temperature are to 200 DEG C, blank of material is made in compression molding;Under inert atmosphere protection, with the speed carbonizations of 15 DEG C/h to 900 DEG C and 900 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour;Epoxy resin-impregnated solution fills space again, carries out chemical vapour deposition (CVD) CVD afterwards, repeats (3) 5 all after dates of step and makes its densification make primary products formed;
(4) by primary products formed under an argon atmosphere, rising to 2400 DEG C of preheatings with 100 DEG C/h of speed, and be warming up to 3000 DEG C of constant temperature and within 1 hour, carry out graphitization processing, graphitization internal furnace furnace pressure is at below 20MPa;Impregnate again afterwards, then CVD so that it is densification further;In described step (4), CVD technique is that the preform being deposited is placed in the CVD stove of equal heat space, and hydrocarbon gas occurs pyrolysis to sink carbon in the porous preform of soaking, makes byproduct gas diffuse out;
(5) fine and close carbon/carbon composite article step (4) obtained carries out steam activation; steam activation temperature is 750 DEG C; water inlet speed is 0.5ml/min; time is 1.5 hours; heating rate is 1 DEG C/min, after activation, cools down under inert gas shielding; obtain the high-purity carbon/carbon compound material possessing cvd film, described in possess cvd film the density of high-purity carbon/carbon compound material be 3.022g/cm3, hot strength reaches 980MPa, and thermal conductivity is 450W/ (m K), and thermal diffusivity is 3.3cm2/s。
Embodiment 2:
(1) it is coated with sulfonic polyether sulfone at continuous filament yarn carbon fiber surface; then under nitrogen protection in 1200 DEG C of pyrolysis; to remove the oxygen-containing functional group of carbon fiber surface; expose carbon fiber nude surface; then pretreated continuous filament yarn carbon fiber winding is made the preforming idiosome with height-oriented cone C/C composite, adopts the preforming idiosome of this carbon fiber as strengthening skeleton;Wherein, the body density of the preforming idiosome of described carbon fiber is at 1.0g/cm3
(2) what step (1) obtained strengthens skeleton vacuum impregnation thermosetting benzoxazine resins solution and makes required shape, the resin carbon under high-temperature process residual;Described vacuum impregnation temperature is 250 DEG C;
(3) carrying out pressurization carbonization under nitrogen protection by processing, through step (2), the prepreg obtained, namely at 100MPa, room temperature are to 200 DEG C, blank of material is made in compression molding;Under inert atmosphere protection, with the speed carbonizations of 20 DEG C/h to 1000 DEG C and constant temperature 1~2 hour;Epoxy resin-impregnated solution fills space again, carries out chemical vapour deposition (CVD) CVD afterwards;
(4) repeating (3) 10 all after dates of step makes its densification make primary products formed, by primary products formed under an argon atmosphere, 2600 DEG C of preheatings are risen to 200 DEG C/h of speed, and be warming up to 3500 DEG C of constant temperature and within 1~2 hour, carry out graphitization processing, graphitization internal furnace furnace pressure is at below 20MPa;Impregnate again afterwards, then CVD so that it is densification further;In described step (4), CVD technique is that the preform being deposited is placed in the CVD stove of equal heat space, and hydrocarbon gas occurs pyrolysis to sink carbon in the porous preform of soaking, makes byproduct gas diffuse out;
(5) fine and close carbon/carbon composite article step (4) obtained carries out steam activation; after activation; cool down under inert gas shielding, obtain the high-purity carbon/carbon compound material possessing cvd film, described in possess cvd film the density of high-purity carbon/carbon compound material be 3.58g/cm3, hot strength reaches 1000MPa, and thermal conductivity is 480W/ (m K), and thermal diffusivity is 3.3cm2/s。
To those skilled in the art, under this patent design and specific embodiment enlightenment, some deformation can directly derived from this patent disclosure and general knowledge or associate, it will be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art that and may be used without additive method, or the replacement of conventional known technology in prior art, and the equivalence of feature changes or modifies, mutually different combination between feature, the such as change of Carbon fibe K number, the change in usual scope of the concrete technology parameter, etc. unsubstantiality change, equally possible it is employed, this patent representation function and effect can be realized, citing expansion is described in detail no longer one by one, belong to this patent protection domain.

Claims (3)

1. the preparation method of the high-purity carbon/carbon compound material possessing cvd film, it is characterised in that: include following five steps:
(1) it is coated with sulfonic polyether sulfone at continuous filament yarn carbon fiber surface; then under nitrogen protection in 1800-2000 DEG C of pyrolysis; to remove the oxygen-containing functional group of carbon fiber surface; expose carbon fiber nude surface; then pretreated continuous filament yarn carbon fiber winding is made the preformed blank with height-oriented cone carbon/carbon compound material, adopts the preformed blank of this carbon fiber as strengthening skeleton;Wherein, the body density of the preformed blank of described carbon fiber is at 1.0g/cm3Below;
(2) what step (1) obtained strengthens skeleton vacuum impregnation benzoxazine resins solution and makes required shape, the resin carbon under high-temperature process residual;Described vacuum impregnation temperature is 400-450 DEG C;
(3) carrying out pressurization carbonization under nitrogen protection by processing, through step (2), the prepreg obtained, namely at 60~100MPa, room temperature are to 200 DEG C, blank of material is made in compression molding;Under inert atmosphere protection, with the speed carbonizations of 15~20 DEG C/h to 900~1000 DEG C and 900~1000 DEG C of constant temperature 1~2 hour;Impregnate high temperature resistant Econol resin solution again and fill space, carry out chemical vapour deposition (CVD) CVD afterwards;
(4) repeating all after dates of step (3) 5-10 makes its densification make primary products formed, by primary products formed under an argon atmosphere, 2400~2600 DEG C of preheatings are risen to 100~200 DEG C/h of speed, and be warming up to 3000-3500 DEG C of constant temperature and within 1~2 hour, carry out graphitization processing, graphitization internal furnace furnace pressure is at below 20MPa;Impregnate again afterwards, then CVD so that it is densification further;
In described step (4), CVD technique is that the preform being deposited is placed in the CVD stove of equal heat space, and hydrocarbon gas occurs pyrolysis to sink carbon in the porous preform of soaking, makes byproduct gas diffuse out;
(5) fine and close carbon/carbon composite article step (4) obtained carries out steam activation; after activation; cool down under inert gas shielding; obtain the high-purity carbon/carbon compound material possessing cvd film, described in possess the density of high-purity carbon/carbon compound material of cvd film more than 2.58g/cm3, hot strength reaches more than 900MPa, and thermal conductivity is 450-480W/ (m K), and thermal diffusivity is 3.3cm2/s。
2. the preparation method of the high-purity carbon/carbon compound material possessing cvd film according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step (5) steam activation temperature is 750~900 DEG C, water inlet speed is 0.5~20ml/min, time is 1.5~6 hours, and heating rate is 1~15 DEG C/min.
3. the preparation method of the high-purity carbon/carbon compound material possessing cvd film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (3) and the chemical vapour deposition (CVD) in step (4) mainly have isothermal process, barometric gradient flow-route and temperature gradient processes three kinds.
CN201510103876.3A 2015-03-10 2015-03-10 A kind of preparation method of the high-purity carbon/carbon compound material possessing cvd film Expired - Fee Related CN104671816B (en)

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