CN104662693A - 黑色聚酰亚胺电池组标签 - Google Patents

黑色聚酰亚胺电池组标签 Download PDF

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CN104662693A
CN104662693A CN201280076002.8A CN201280076002A CN104662693A CN 104662693 A CN104662693 A CN 104662693A CN 201280076002 A CN201280076002 A CN 201280076002A CN 104662693 A CN104662693 A CN 104662693A
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王一华
张军
张新晖
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Avery Dennison Corp
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Abstract

提供了包括聚酰亚胺基底的电池组标签，所述聚酰亚胺基底限定外面和相对定向的内面。所述电池组标签还包括被布置在聚酰亚胺基底的内面上的包含阻燃剂的压敏粘合剂层。所述聚酰亚胺基底包括遍及基底分散的无机颜料。所述电池组标签表现至少0(VTM-0)的薄材料的阻燃性垂直评级。

Description

黑色聚酰亚胺电池组标签
发明背景
本主题涉及电池组标签，并且具体地涉及包括聚酰亚胺的黑色标签。
发明内容
与先前已知的电池组标签相关的困难和缺点在本标签和贴标签的电池组中得到解决。
在一个方面，提供了包括聚酰亚胺基底的电池组标签，所述聚酰亚胺基底限定了外面和相对定向的内面。该电池组标签还包括被布置在聚酰亚胺基底的内面上的阻燃压敏粘合剂层。
在另一个方面，提供了电池组和施加在其上的标签，其包括具有外表面的电池组，和先前提到的电池组标签，其胶黏地附着于电池组的外表面。
在另一个方面，提供了多层阻燃电池组标签，其表现黑色外观并且不含颜色是黑色的油墨、涂层或油漆。
如将认识到的，本文所述的主题能够具有其它和不同的实施方式，并且其几个细节能够在不同方面进行修改，这都没有偏离要求保护的主题。因此，附图和说明书被认为是例证性的而非限制性的。
实施方式详述
用于电池组诸如便携式电子器件的标签必须解决各种需求，诸如标签应当是薄的，仍表现相对高的拉伸强度、应当表现耐高温性和尺寸稳定性、应当是阻燃的、并且应当表现电绝缘特性。本文描述了解决这些目标的各种多层电池组标签。通常，提供的多层阻燃电池组标签表现黑色外观并且不含颜色是黑色的油墨、涂层或油漆。
提供了代表性实施方式多层电池组标签，其包括(i)限定了外面和内面的黑色聚酰亚胺基底层，(ii)基底层的外面上的面漆或底漆层，以及(iii)布置在基底层的内面上的阻燃粘合剂。通常沿着粘合剂的暴露面施加衬垫。
基底
基底层由具有分散在其中的有效量的炭黑的聚酰亚胺材料形成。通常，聚酰亚胺材料的颜色是黄色。用于基底层的代表性实施方式电池组标签使用颜色是黑色的聚酰亚胺材料，并且其是由于在聚酰亚胺材料中并入微粒炭黑引起的。因此，在某些实施方式中，基底层不含施加于其外表面而赋予基底的颜色或黑度的涂层或油墨。相反，代表性电池组标签的聚酰亚胺基底是黑色的，而没有任何施加的着色涂层。此外，在某些实施方式中，聚酰亚胺基底在其横截面的不同区域内表现黑的颜色或外观。在某些实施方式中，在形成聚酰亚胺基底的反应之前炭黑良好地分散在预聚物中。
在某些实例中，已经观察到，在向随后形成聚酰亚胺基底的预聚物组合物内并入炭黑后，炭黑倾向于沿着所得的聚酰亚胺基底的一面累积。尽管不希望束缚于任何具体的理论，但是据信在聚合和/或层的挤出期间发生的组合物的温度升高导致炭黑在聚酰亚胺基底的某些区域中的累积。在这些实例中，所得的基底的一面可表现无光的黑色外观，并且相对定向的面可表现光泽的外观。
广泛的聚酰亚胺可被用于本文所述的电池组标签的基底层。在以下表1中阐述本文所述的电池组标签中使用的代表性聚酰亚胺组合物。
表1-代表性聚酰亚胺组合物
组分 重量％ 说明 CAS号
A 46-48％ 均苯四甲酸二酐(PMDA) 89-32-7
B 50-52％ 4,4’-氧化二苯胺(ODA) 101-80-4
C 1-2％ 炭黑 N/A
组分A是具有化学式C6H2(C2O3)2的羧酸酐。组分A是均苯四甲酸二酐(PMDA)并且还被称为1,2,4,5-苯四羧酸二酐均苯四甲酸二酐。
组分B具有O(C6H4NH2)2的化学式，并且是苯胺的醚衍生物。组分B也被称为4,4’-二氨基二苯醚。
组分A和B被聚合以形成聚酰亚胺组合物。组分C在聚合之前、期间或之后被分散在组合物内。
炭黑商业获取自众多来源并且以许多不同等级。在本文所述的电池组标签的基底层中使用的典型的炭黑包括纳米尺寸的炭黑微粒。
尽管炭黑以为了向组合物赋予黑颜色并且向由组合物形成的基底赋予其它期望的特性并入聚酰亚胺组合物中而著称，但是可以预期使用其它试剂，诸如，例如无机颜料和着色剂。并入聚酰亚胺组合物中的炭黑和/或其它试剂的比例取决于具体的应用。然而，典型的重量百分比范围从大约0.1％至大约5％，1％至2％对于许多实施方式是有用的。
聚酰亚胺层具有取决于电池组标签的最终用途要求的厚度。对于其中需要高拉伸强度的应用，聚酰亚胺层具有大约35μm至大约42μm的厚度，通常为38μm。对于其中期望薄电池组标签的其它应用，聚酰亚胺层为从大约13μm至大约17μm，通常为15μm。
面漆或底漆
一层或多层面漆或底漆通常被布置在聚酰亚胺基底的外面上。面漆可以是透明的或基本上透明的。在某些实施方式中，面漆具有无光或有纹理的表面或外观。面漆通常适应于接收和保持印刷在其上的标记。可使用广泛的标记施加技术，诸如凸版印刷、丝网印刷、感光树脂凸版、印刷等。
面漆或底漆层通常具有大约0.5μm至大约5μm的厚度。将领会的是，电池组标签可利用具有大于或小于这些值的厚度的面漆或底漆层。
阻燃粘合剂
胶合剂，并且通常是压敏粘合剂被布置在聚酰亚胺基底的内面上。通常，只要粘合剂表现阻燃特性，则可在本文所述的优选的电池组标签中使用宽范围的粘合剂。在某些实施方式中，阻燃粘合剂是压敏丙烯酸粘合剂。可在粘合剂中并入一种或多种阻燃剂或添加剂以向粘合剂提供阻燃性或改进粘合剂的阻燃特性。
丙烯酸基粘合剂选自以下：来自Avery Dennison Corporation的商业可获取的“S”和“SP”系列；来自Ashland Chemical的AEROSET粘合剂；来自Henkel Corporation的DURO-TAK粘合剂；可获取自Cytec的GELVA GMS粘合剂；和来自Toyo Ink的ORIBAIN粘合剂。
阻燃剂包括但不限于金属氧化物水合物、多磷酸盐、三聚氰胺、聚硅氧烷、有机磷酸酯和其组合。合适的金属氧化物水合物的实例包括氢氧化镁和氢氧化铝。合适的多磷酸盐的实例包括多磷酸胺。合适的三聚氰胺的实例包括三聚氰胺磷酸盐。以及合适的聚硅氧烷的实例包括可商业获取自Momentive Performance Materials的SFR100。广泛的可商业获得的阻燃剂可被并入粘合剂中并且在本文所述的电池组标签中使用。可商业获取的阻燃剂的实例包括以名称AMGARD TOF、AMGARD CT、AMGARD DBBP和AMGARD TBEP获取自SolvayChemicals的Rhodia Group的有机磷酸盐和磷酸酯。合适的阻燃剂的另外的实例包括商业获取自NuTech Chemical,Limited的NuFR DOPO和NuFR DODP-HQ。
本文所述的电池组标签的粘合剂层具有大约20μm至大约100μm的厚度。
添加或并入粘合剂的阻燃剂的量取决于最终用途应用要求和粘合剂和阻燃剂(一种或多种)的特征，以及其它因素。然而，在某些实施方式中，所述量是大约1％至大约40％，并且更通常是大约5％至大约30％。本文所述的多种电池组标签可使用大于或小于这些量的阻燃剂量。
根据多种工业标准和测试评估阻燃性。公认的标准是UL94。这是由美国的Underwriters Laboratories发布的塑料可燃性标准。通常在具有某一厚度的特定尺寸的样本上实施测试。具体分类应用于薄膜诸如电池组标签。以下提出的表2列出了与阻燃性的三个等级或水平相关的参数。
具体地，薄材料的垂直测试被用于薄的、或者太柔韧或者可以在普通垂直测试期间扭曲、收缩或弯曲的材料。此测试的程序如下。将8英寸乘2英寸的样本围绕1/2英寸直径的心轴纵向转动并且被贴在一个末端上。当移除心轴时，样本形成圆锥体。圆锥体被支撑在垂直位置，并且向样本的底部施加火焰。施加火焰三秒并且然后移除，直到燃烧停止时再施加火焰另外三秒并且然后移除。测试了两组各五个样本。两组以不同的条件进行调整。
表2-薄材料的阻燃性垂直评级
代表性电池组标签表现至少VTM-2的阻燃性；在某些实施方式中为VTM-1；并且在许多实例中是VTM-0。
衬垫
衬垫材料的衬垫或层可被用于可剥离地覆盖阻燃层的暴露面。可以使用广泛的衬垫材料。代表性的衬垫是玻璃质材料或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)。
实施例
如下提供了可用于并入本文所述的电池组标签中的阻燃丙烯酸压敏粘合剂的集合。
粘合剂1-具有39％至42％的总固体含量、800至4500mPa·s的布鲁克菲尔德黏度、2.5至3.2的相对黏度和120至160mg KOH/g的烃值的丙烯酸压敏粘合剂与通过分散进溶剂型丙烯酸粘合剂中的按重量计5至30％的多磷酸胺粉末(阻燃剂)组合。24小时后，粘合剂的样品表现大于8N/in的90度剥离试验性能。粘合剂1适合于需要高阻燃特性和通常的耐热特征的应用。
粘合剂2-具有39％至42％的总固体含量、800至4500mPa·s的布鲁克菲尔德黏度、2.0至4.0的相对黏度、60至80mg KOH/g的烃值、10至50mg KoH/g的酸值、并且具有包含共聚合在丙烯酸粘合剂中的单体的脂肪族环氧基(以提升耐热特性)的丙烯酸压敏粘合剂与通过分散进溶剂型丙烯酸粘合剂中的按重量计5至30％的多磷酸胺粉末(阻燃剂)组合。24小时后，粘合剂的样品表现大于8N/in的90度剥离试验性能。粘合剂2适合于需要阻燃性和耐热性之间的良好平衡的应用。
粘合剂3-具有35％至37％的总固体含量、1000至3300mPa·s的布鲁克菲尔德黏度、2.5至4.0的相对黏度、30至50mg KoH/g的酸值、并且具有包含共聚合在丙烯酸粘合剂中的单体的脂肪族环氧基的丙烯酸压敏粘合剂与通过分散进溶剂型丙烯酸粘合剂中的按重量计5至30％的多磷酸胺粉末(阻燃剂)组合。24小时后，粘合剂的样品表现大于8N/in的90度剥离试验性能。粘合剂3适合于需要通常的阻燃特性和相对高耐热性的应用。
由该技术的未来应用和发展，许多其它优势将无疑变得显而易见。
如上文所述，本主题克服了许多与先前的标签和贴标签的电池组相关的难题。然而，将领会的是，在不偏离如所附权利要求中所表述的要求保护的主题的原理和范围的情况下，为了解释本主题的本质，本领域普通技术人员可以对已经在本文中描述和说明的细节、材料和组分的布置做出各种改变。

Claims (20)

1.一种电池组标签，其包括：
聚酰亚胺基底，其限定外面和相对定向的内面；
阻燃压敏粘合剂层，其被布置在所述聚酰亚胺基底的所述内面上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电池组标签，其中所述聚酰亚胺基底包括遍及所述基底分散的无机颜料。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电池组标签，其中所述无机颜料是炭黑。
4.根据权利要求3所述的电池组标签，其中在所述聚酰亚胺基底中的所述炭黑的浓度是1％至2％。
5.根据权利要求2所述的电池组标签，其中所述聚酰亚胺基底表现黑颜色。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的电池组标签，其中所述聚酰亚胺基底是由聚合均苯四甲酸二酐和4,4’-氧化二苯胺形成的。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电池组标签，其中所述聚酰亚胺基底的厚度是大约35μm至大约42μm。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的电池组标签，其中所述聚酰亚胺基底的厚度是大约13μm至大约17μm。
9.根据权利要求1所述的电池组标签，其进一步包括：
布置在所述聚酰亚胺基底的所述外面上的面漆层。
10.根据权利要求9所述的电池组标签，其中所述面漆层的厚度是大约0.5μm至大约5μm。
11.根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的电池组标签，其中所述阻燃压敏粘合剂包括：
丙烯酸粘合剂；和
至少一种阻燃剂。
12.根据权利要求11所述的电池组标签，其中所述阻燃剂选自金属氧化物水合物、多磷酸盐、三聚氰胺、聚硅氧烷、有机磷酸酯和其组合。
13.根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的电池组标签，其中所述阻燃压敏粘合剂层具有大约20μm至大约100μm的厚度。
14.根据权利要求1-13中任一项所述的电池组标签，其中所述标签表现出至少VTM-2的阻燃性。
15.根据权利要求1-13中任一项所述的电池组标签，其中所述标签表现出至少VTM-1的阻燃性。
16.根据权利要求1-13中任一项所述的电池组标签，其中所述标签表现出至少VTM-0的阻燃性。
17.电池组和施加在其上的标签，其包括：
具有外表面的电池组；和
根据权利要求1-16中任一项所述的电池组标签，其胶黏地附着于所述电池组的所述外表面。
18.多层阻燃电池组标签，其表现黑色外观并且不含颜色是黑色的油墨、涂层或油漆。
19.根据权利要求18所述的多层阻燃电池组标签，其包括：
基底，其限定外面和相对定向的内面；和
阻燃压敏粘合剂层，其被布置在所述基底的所述内面上。
20.根据权利要求19所述的多层阻燃电池组标签，其中所述基底包括聚酰亚胺。
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