CN104659814A - Photovoltaic grid connected micro inverter as well as control system of inverter - Google Patents

Photovoltaic grid connected micro inverter as well as control system of inverter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104659814A
CN104659814A CN201510061239.4A CN201510061239A CN104659814A CN 104659814 A CN104659814 A CN 104659814A CN 201510061239 A CN201510061239 A CN 201510061239A CN 104659814 A CN104659814 A CN 104659814A
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China
Prior art keywords
converter
circuit
miniature inverter
inverter
grid
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CN201510061239.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
易春阳
廖天发
蔡昭权
沈栋
薛家祥
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Huizhou University
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Huizhou University
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Priority to CN201510061239.4A priority Critical patent/CN104659814A/en
Publication of CN104659814A publication Critical patent/CN104659814A/en
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    • H02J3/383
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/01Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/40Arrangements for reducing harmonics

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic grid connected micro inverter as well as a control system of the inverter. The inverter comprises an input circuit, a first converter, a second converter, a backward stage reversing circuit and an output circuit, wherein the input circuit is connected with the first converter and the second converter; the first converter and the second converter are connected in parallel; a current transformed by the first converter and the second converter flows through the backward stage reversing circuit and is output through the output circuit. The invention further discloses the control system of the photovoltaic grid connected micro inverter. According to the photovoltaic grid connected micro inverter and the control system of the inverter disclosed by the invention, the cost can be lowered and the stability can be improved, so that the system is maintained conveniently and grid connected balance control and safe operation and management of the photovoltaic micro inverter are realized.

Description

A kind of grid-connected Miniature inverter and control system thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of inverter and network system technology, particularly relate to a kind of grid-connected Miniature inverter and grid-connected Miniature inverter and control system thereof.
Background technology
The energy is the strategic resources of national development.Under the pressure of energy crisis and global warming; in order to realize the sustainable development of the energy and environment; as an important branch of regenerative resource, photovoltaic industry fast growth under moral, U.S., the strong policies and regulations excitation of government of Deng state and action plan promote in the world's gets up.
Miniature grid-connected inverter is proposed the seventies in last century by foreign scholar the earliest; ZSW company of Germany released First 50W miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter in 1992; Three company Mastervolt (Holland), AlphaReal (Switzerland), the OKE-Servics (Holland) in 1994 ~ 1996 years Europe start to develop miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter; The miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter of AES company of U.S. development in 1997 is put on market.At present, the whole world has had 20 many enterprises to be engaged in research and development and the production of Miniature inverter.TI in 2006 takes the lead in developing in the world that first is specifically designed to the special chip-C2000 of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.But because this chip adopts the MPPT algorithm of solidification relatively outmoded, cannot upgrade to replace or increase and expand new optimized algorithm, therefore many inverter vendor still select DSP+ARM.Miniature inverter developer is no exception.But such hardware configuration is than being more suitable for the inverter being greater than 2KW capacity, and capacity is larger, and cost is lower.And when after inverter power microminiaturization (< 300W), chip causes the sale price of market of Miniature inverter higher than 150% of ordinary inverter by the cost of W equalization.
Since NS in 2009 releases Miniature inverter special chip group SolarMagic, global photovoltaic application market Miniature inverter takes off, and the growth rate of market of global Miniature inverter in 2010 is up to 500%.Because SolarMagic does not have can be suitable for the function i ntegration of the DSP of digital operation and signal transacting in its special chip group, its special chip group is caused to lack the ability of Applied Digital signal processing technology.And NS has still continued to use the technical scheme of solidification MPPT algorithm, therefore limit the room for promotion of its algorithm optimization.
NXP company in 2010 releases and provides MPPT maximum power point tracking (MPPT) low power consumption integrated circuit core-MPT612.This chip can be widely used in rechargeable solar battery controller, distributed MPPT and Miniature inverter, and the high efficiency energy realizing 98% extracts.NXP uses it in the technical feature of high performance mixed signal, this chip adopts MPPT integrated circuit and the algorithm of its uniqueness, makes photovoltaic integrator can further increase the utilance of photovoltaic resources.Compared with traditional PWM controller, MPPT controller additionally can reach the energy of 30% from the many absorptions of solar energy photovoltaic panel.NXP maybe will become the rival of National Semiconductor and the challenge of TI Miniature inverter special chip most.
In fact, all up to now Miniature inverter manufacturers all do not adopt terminal box/inverter Integrated Solution to exchange current delivery and the AC/DC inversion of header box as photovoltaic module.
Summary of the invention
For problems of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of grid-connected Miniature inverter, and described inverter comprises input circuit 101, first converter 102, second converter 103, rear class commutating circuit 104 and output circuit 105; Input circuit 101 is connected with the second converter 103 with the first converter 102, first converter 102 and the parallel connection of the second converter 103, the electric current after the first converter 102 and the conversion of the second converter 103 is exported by output circuit 105 after rear class commutating circuit 104; Wherein: be direct current by the electric current of the input of input circuit 101; The electric current exported by output circuit 105 is alternating current.
In force, described first converter 102 and the second converter 103 are anti exciting converter; Described first converter 102 and the second converter 103 interlock work.
The invention allows for a kind of grid-connected Miniature inverter control system, described grid-connected Miniature inverter control system comprises photovoltaic panel 301, Miniature inverter 302, filter circuit 303, electrical network 304, processor 305; Photovoltaic panel 301 is connected with Miniature inverter 302, and the electric current through Miniature inverter 302 arrives electrical network 304 by filter circuit 303, and processor 305 gathers the information from photovoltaic panel 301 and electrical network 304.Wherein, described information comprises one or more of following information: photovoltaic panel voltage, photovoltaic panel electric current, line voltage, grid-connected current, environmental information.
In force, described Miniature inverter comprises input circuit 101, first converter 102, second converter 103, rear class commutating circuit 104 and output circuit 105; Input circuit 101 is connected with the second converter 103 with the first converter 102, first converter 102 and the parallel connection of the second converter 103, the electric current after the first converter 102 and the conversion of the second converter 103 is exported by output circuit 105 after rear class commutating circuit 104; Wherein: be direct current by the electric current of the input of input circuit 101; The electric current exported by output circuit 105 is alternating current.
Can be reduced costs by the present invention, improve stability, be conducive to the maintenance of system, realize grid-connected Balance route and the safe operation management of photovoltaic miniature inverter.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of grid-connected Miniature inverter;
Fig. 2 is a kind of specific implementation of grid-connected Miniature inverter;
Fig. 3 is a kind of grid-connected Miniature inverter control system;
Fig. 4 is a kind of specific implementation of grid-connected Miniature inverter control system;
Fig. 5 is the fundamental diagram of active clamping circuir;
Fig. 6 is a kind of specific implementation of grid-connected Miniature inverter control system;
Fig. 7 is a kind of photovoltaic intelligent micro-capacitance sensor distributed generation system monitoring and management information system.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, 1 ~ 7 couple of the present invention elaborates.
Be illustrated in figure 1 grid-connected Miniature inverter of the present invention.Input circuit 101 is connected with converter 103 with converter 102, is direct current by the electric current of the input of input circuit 101; Converter 102 and converter 103 parallel connection, the electric current after converter conversion is exported by output circuit 105 after commutating circuit 104, and the electric current exported by output circuit 105 is alternating current.In FIG, the staggered work of converter 102,103, converter 102 works after one-period and cuts out, and converter 103 works one-period, and and then converter 103 cuts out, and to be worked on one-period by converter 102, circulation is gone down successively.
Fig. 2 is a kind of implementation of Fig. 1.In this implementation, Miniature inverter adopts Flyback anti exciting converter as booster circuit, can realize buck conversion and electrical isolation.Interleaved parallel converter is made up of two Flyback anti exciting converters in parallel, Interleaved control two main power tube conductings, power switch pipe can provide the power output of twice under same voltage, current stress than single-ended reverse exciting, not only solve the problem of single circuit of reversed excitation power relative deficiency, the ripple of direct current input current can also be reduced, alleviate the burden of decoupling capacitance, and reduce the percent harmonic distortion of grid-connected current.In 4 block diagrams bottom Fig. 2, at the 2nd the corresponding anti exciting converter transformer primary side of figure, the 3rd the corresponding anti exciting converter transformer secondary of figure.Rear class commutating circuit is constituted by Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 tetra-metal-oxide-semiconductors in Fig. 2.
Fig. 3 is a kind of grid-connected Miniature inverter control system.Photovoltaic panel 301 is connected with Miniature inverter 302, electric current through Miniature inverter 302 arrives electrical network 304 by filter circuit 303, processor 305 gathers the data message from photovoltaic panel 301 and electrical network 304, and data message comprises: the environmental informations such as photovoltaic panel voltage and electric current, line voltage, grid-connected current and ambient temperature.Miniature inverter can adopt the Miniature inverter in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a kind of specific implementation of Fig. 3.Processor of the present invention can adopt fpga chip, Miniature inverter adopts all-digitized demodulator, two-way anti exciting converter interlocks conducting, in conjunction with Sofe Switch control strategy, the switching frequency of anti exciting converter transformer primary side (transformer primary side refers to primary winding) main switch and duty ratio by special FPGA chip and intelligent control algorithm according to photovoltaic panel voltage and electric current, line voltage, the change real-time operation of grid-connected current and inverter output power obtains, the envelope of anti exciting converter output current is that half-wave is sinusoidal, the output current of level and smooth half-wave sinusoidal shape is obtained through output filter circuit, the phase place sinusoidal grid-connected current consistent with line voltage is obtained after the rear class commutating circuit that controllable silicon is formed.
Fig. 5 is the fundamental diagram of active clamping circuir.When main switch conducting, input voltage is all added on magnetizing inductance, and anti exciting converter is in the energy storage stage; Switching tube closes has no progeny, and the electric current flowed in leakage inductance charges to main switch parasitic capacitance; After parasitic capacitance is full of, clamping capacitance will absorb the dump energy of leakage inductance, and the body diode conducting of secondary power tube, for zero voltage switch (ZVS) provides condition.The application of interleaving inverse excitation converter, can improve the power grade of inverter and reduce the ripple of output current, thus reducing total harmonic wave (THD) of output current.Interleaving inverse excitation transducer can be reduced by the ripple current root-mean-square value (RMS) of Large Copacity input thin-film capacitor, can extend the life-span of electric capacity.After adopting two-way crisscross parallel, the peak power of transformer can reduce at double, and then reduces volume of transformer, reduces core loss.On the other hand, secondary equivalent switching frequency can significantly improve, and can reduce volume and the output current high frequency ripple of output filter circuit.
The grid-connected Miniature inverter control system of one designed by above-mentioned principle is shown in Fig. 6.Parametric controller based on high speed FPGA has complete data acquisition, detection and defencive function, comprising: input, export, intermediate DC link overvoltage voltage detecting with excessively deficient, press and protect; Input and output current detecting overcurrent, overload protection; IGBT fault (overcurrent, overheated, short circuit); Radiator, transformer, filter circuit, battery temp detect and overtemperature protection; Ground protection; Contactor error protection.Control software design platform intergration comprises the abundant control strategy such as digital phase-locked loop (PLL), multistage IIR digital filtering, voltage and current double closed-loop PID control, Frequency conversion control and algorithms library.
Fig. 7 is a kind of photovoltaic intelligent micro-capacitance sensor distributed generation system monitoring and management information system.Solar panels are connected with Miniature inverter, Miniature inverter is by power line communication (PLC, Power Line Communication) network system is through gateway or WEB server access, and customer side realization is to the monitoring of electricity generation system and information management.
Although describe the present invention by embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art know, the present invention has many distortion and change and do not depart from spirit of the present invention, and the claim appended by wishing comprises these distortion and change and do not depart from spirit of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a grid-connected Miniature inverter, is characterized in that: described Miniature inverter comprises input circuit (101), the first converter (102), the second converter (103), rear class commutating circuit (104) and output circuit (105);
Input circuit (101) is connected with the second converter (103) with the first converter (102), first converter (102) and the second converter (103) parallel connection, the electric current after the first converter (102) and the second converter (103) conversion is exported by output circuit (105) after rear class commutating circuit (104);
Wherein:
Be direct current by the electric current of the input of input circuit (101);
The electric current exported by output circuit (105) is alternating current.
2. grid-connected Miniature inverter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: preferred, described first converter (102) and the second converter (103) are anti exciting converter.
3. grid-connected Miniature inverter according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described first converter (102) and the staggered work of the second converter (103).
4. grid-connected Miniature inverter according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the envelope of described first converter (102) and the second converter (103) output current is that half-wave is sinusoidal.
5. a grid-connected Miniature inverter control system, it is characterized in that, described grid-connected Miniature inverter control system comprises photovoltaic panel (301), Miniature inverter (302), filter circuit (303), electrical network (304), processor (305);
Photovoltaic panel (301) is connected with Miniature inverter (302), and the electric current through Miniature inverter (302) arrives electrical network (304) by filter circuit (303);
Described processor (305) gathers the information from photovoltaic panel (301) and electrical network (304).
6. system according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described information comprises following one or more: photovoltaic panel voltage, photovoltaic panel electric current, line voltage, grid-connected current, environmental information.
7. the system according to claim 5 or 6, is characterized in that: described Miniature inverter comprises input circuit (101), the first converter (102), the second converter (103), rear class commutating circuit (104) and output circuit (105);
Input circuit (101) is connected with the second converter (103) with the first converter (102), first converter (102) and the second converter (103) parallel connection, the electric current after the first converter (102) and the second converter (103) conversion is exported by output circuit (105) after rear class commutating circuit (104);
Wherein: be direct current by the electric current of the input of input circuit (101); The electric current exported by output circuit (105) is alternating current.
8. the system according to claim 5 or 6, is characterized in that: described first converter (102) and the second converter (103) are anti exciting converter.
9. the system according to claim 5 or 6, is characterized in that: processor (305) obtains switching frequency and the duty ratio of anti exciting converter transformer primary side main switch according to the change computing of input voltage, output voltage and power output.
10. the system according to claim 5 or 6, is characterized in that: the envelope of described first converter (102) and the second converter (103) output current is that half-wave is sinusoidal.
CN201510061239.4A 2015-02-05 2015-02-05 Photovoltaic grid connected micro inverter as well as control system of inverter Pending CN104659814A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105098837A (en) * 2015-09-02 2015-11-25 高金刚 Solar photovoltaic grid-connected system
CN105140955A (en) * 2015-08-14 2015-12-09 国网天津市电力公司 Double-full-bridge grid-connected photovoltaic inversion device
CN105978386A (en) * 2015-11-26 2016-09-28 浙江昱能科技有限公司 Direct current and alternating current power conversion device and photovoltaic power generation system
CN106787911A (en) * 2017-02-14 2017-05-31 苏州大学 A kind of miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and control method
CN106856378A (en) * 2017-01-11 2017-06-16 广东百事泰电子商务股份有限公司 Intelligent half-bridge sine voltage change-over circuit based on PFC interleaving inverse excitations
WO2018120482A1 (en) * 2016-12-27 2018-07-05 广东百事泰电子商务股份有限公司 Pfc staggered flyback full bridge-based smart correction wave voltage conversion circuit

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102570891A (en) * 2012-01-16 2012-07-11 浙江大学 Flyback photovoltaic grid-connected inverter adopting interleaving parallel-connection active clamping technology
CN204349646U (en) * 2015-01-30 2015-05-20 温州市龙电绝缘材料有限公司 The insulation system of electric motor end cap

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102570891A (en) * 2012-01-16 2012-07-11 浙江大学 Flyback photovoltaic grid-connected inverter adopting interleaving parallel-connection active clamping technology
CN204349646U (en) * 2015-01-30 2015-05-20 温州市龙电绝缘材料有限公司 The insulation system of electric motor end cap

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105140955A (en) * 2015-08-14 2015-12-09 国网天津市电力公司 Double-full-bridge grid-connected photovoltaic inversion device
CN105098837A (en) * 2015-09-02 2015-11-25 高金刚 Solar photovoltaic grid-connected system
CN105978386A (en) * 2015-11-26 2016-09-28 浙江昱能科技有限公司 Direct current and alternating current power conversion device and photovoltaic power generation system
WO2018120482A1 (en) * 2016-12-27 2018-07-05 广东百事泰电子商务股份有限公司 Pfc staggered flyback full bridge-based smart correction wave voltage conversion circuit
CN106856378A (en) * 2017-01-11 2017-06-16 广东百事泰电子商务股份有限公司 Intelligent half-bridge sine voltage change-over circuit based on PFC interleaving inverse excitations
WO2018129825A1 (en) * 2017-01-11 2018-07-19 广东百事泰电子商务股份有限公司 Smart half-bridge sine-wave voltage conversion circuit based on pfc interleaved flyback
CN106787911A (en) * 2017-02-14 2017-05-31 苏州大学 A kind of miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and control method

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