CN104659355A - Preparation method of spinel lithium manganate and application of spinel lithium manganate - Google Patents

Preparation method of spinel lithium manganate and application of spinel lithium manganate Download PDF

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CN104659355A
CN104659355A CN201510046943.2A CN201510046943A CN104659355A CN 104659355 A CN104659355 A CN 104659355A CN 201510046943 A CN201510046943 A CN 201510046943A CN 104659355 A CN104659355 A CN 104659355A
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preparation
lithium manganate
spinel lithium
lithium
manganese
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CN104659355B (en
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王双印
姜倩倩
张晗
窦烁
徐磊
李兴月
李振
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Hunan University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/50Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
    • H01M4/505Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01GCOMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G45/00Compounds of manganese
    • C01G45/12Manganates manganites or permanganates
    • C01G45/1207Permanganates ([MnO]4-) or manganates ([MnO4]2-)
    • C01G45/1214Permanganates ([MnO]4-) or manganates ([MnO4]2-) containing alkali metals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of spinel lithium manganate and an application of the spinel lithium manganate. The method comprises the following steps: weighing a lithium source and a manganese source, dissolving into a volatile solvent, stirring, carrying out ball-milling, and baking; putting into a plasma tube furnace, introducing oxygen, carrying out vacuum supply, warming at a constant speed, and heating; and carrying out plasma treatment, and cooling to a room temperature at a constant speed, so as to obtain the spinel lithium manganate. The spinel lithium manganate is synthesized by a low-temperature solid-phase plasma assisted method; the defects of high energy consumption, high demands on equipment and relatively long synthesis time caused by the high temperature in a traditional industrial high-temperature solid-phase synthesis method are overcome; the preparation method has the characteristics of being simple in manufacturing method, convenient to operate, low in cost and beneficial to industrialized production; and an electrochemical performance test proves that the spinel lithium manganate synthesized by the method has the advantages of high initial discharge specific capacity and good circulating property.

Description

A kind of preparation method of spinel lithium manganate and application thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation of anode material for lithium-ion batteries, particularly relate to a kind of preparation and application thereof of spinel lithium manganate.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery because of its high power capacity, high density, pollution-free, have extended cycle life and use safety and be widely used in portable communication apparatus (notebook computer, mobile phone, digital camera, e-commerce etc.), therefore enjoy the attention of people.Lithium-ion battery system is formed primarily of a few part such as positive pole, negative pole, electrolyte and barrier film.Wherein positive electrode is as the indispensable part of lithium ion battery, in recent years very by the concern of researcher.Because the LiMn of spinelle 2o 4compare LiCoO 2have a lot of outstanding advantage, such as material itself is nontoxic, safety, and raw material is rich and cheap, thus becomes the substitute of most potentiality positive electrode.In general, LiMn 2o 4chemical property relevant to its phase purity, degree of crystallization, particle size and morphology ground, above all aspects are substantially all relevant with the building-up process of material.But, the high performance positive electrode of current synthesis high-quality, conventional high-temperature sintering process is necessary, but this process result in wider particle size range, a lot of particle agglomeration simultaneously, thus the chemical property causing the manganate cathode material for lithium synthesized is not very stable.For meeting present industrial requirement, synthesizing a kind of high-quality spinel lithium manganese oxide anode material and remaining a very challenging problem.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, overcome the deficiency and defect mentioned in above background technology, a kind of preparation method of simple to operation, with low cost, the spinel lithium manganate that is beneficial to suitability for industrialized production is provided, and is applied to the positive electrode of lithium ion battery.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention proposes is a kind of preparation method of spinel lithium manganate, comprise the following steps: take lithium source and manganese source, be dissolved in easy volatile solvent, stirring ball-milling, dry, put into plasma tubular type stove, logical oxygen, then vacuumize, at the uniform velocity heat up, heating, treat that the temperature of tube furnace arrives the temperature preset, plasma is set to certain power, start to carry out plasma treatment (plasma treatment is synchronous with sintering process), this process vacuum degree will remain on 100 below pa always, then at the uniform velocity room temperature is cooled to, namely spinel lithium manganate is obtained.
Plasma is exactly the ionized gas be excited, and gas reaches certain degree of ionization (>10 -4), be namely in conduction state, the ionized gas of this state just shows collective behavior, and namely in ionized gas, the motion of each charged particle all can have influence on its paripheral zone charged particle, is also subject to the constraint of other charged particles simultaneously.Because ionized gas global behavior shows electric neutrality, namely in ionized gas, positive and negative charge number is equal, claims this gaseous state to be plasma state.Due to it idiosyncratic behavior and solid-state, liquid, gaseous state is all completely different, so be called material the 4th state.In a word, plasma is made up of a large amount of free electron and ion and a small amount of unionized gas molecule and atom, and shows as on the whole and be similar to electroneutral ionized gas.Plasma has the characteristic of debye (Debye) shielding and quasi-neutrality.Debye shielding refers to introduces electric field in the plasma, and through certain hour, the electronics in plasma, ion will move, the phenomenon of electric field shielding; Quasi-neutrality refers at plasma inner, the phenomenon that positive and negative charge number is almost equal.
The present invention adopts Low Temperature Solid-Phase plasma-assisted process to synthesize, under make use of the 4th state environment of plasma generation just, at certain temperature and plasma treatment, the compound that preferential forming property is more stable, and compare and be partial to polyhedron, and the structure of spinel lithium manganate is also just in time regular octahedron structure.
In above-mentioned preparation method, preferably, described lithium source is any one in monohydrate lithium hydroxide, lithium acetate or lithium nitrate, described manganese source is any one in manganese dioxide, manganese acetate, manganese nitrate, manganese chloride or manganese sulfate, mol ratio is measured on an atomic basis in described lithium source and manganese source, and the mol ratio of Li:Mn=1:2(and lithium atom and manganese atom is approximately 1:2).
In above-mentioned preparation method, preferably, described easy volatile solvent is any one in ethanol, methyl alcohol or acetone, and the mixture in described lithium source, manganese source and the mass ratio of easy volatile solvent are 1:0.8 ~ 1:1.2.
In above-mentioned preparation method, preferably, the rotating speed of described ball milling is 400 ~ 500 r/min, and the time is 1 ~ 3h.
In above-mentioned preparation method, preferably, the process conditions of described oven dry are: be placed in the dry 6 ~ 10h of 80 ~ 100 DEG C of baking ovens.
In above-mentioned preparation method, preferably, the Ventilation Rate of described oxygen is 2 ~ 5sccm, and the time of ventilation is 10 ~ 15min, and after described vacuum pumping, vacuum degree is less than 100Pa.
In above-mentioned preparation method, preferably, described at the uniform velocity intensification, the speed of at the uniform velocity lowering the temperature are 10 DEG C/min.
In above-mentioned preparation method, preferably, the temperature of described plasma treatment is 400 ~ 500 DEG C, and the time is 20 ~ 60min, after described plasma treatment is complete, and constant temperature 20 ~ 40min.
A kind of spinel lithium manganate obtained by above-mentioned preparation method is preparing the application in anode material for lithium-ion batteries.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the present invention adopts Low Temperature Solid-Phase plasma-assisted process synthetic spinel LiMn2O4, overcome in traditional industry high temperature process heat method, the high energy consumption that high temperature causes, to the high request of equipment and the shortcoming such as generated time is longer.The chemical property of the LiMn2O4 product that conventional high-temperature solid phase method obtains is not good mainly because lithium salts and manganese salt fail fully to contact, and result in the heterogencity of product partial structurtes, therefore can produce the impurity of other phases.But the LiMn2O4 of the method synthesis just avoids these shortcomings, and impurity is less, the product cut size obtained is relatively more even, and particle is also smaller, is beneficial to the production of the industrial high efficiency rate of positive-material lithium manganate.And this preparation method have manufacture method simple, easy to operate, with low cost, be beneficial to the features such as suitability for industrialized production, through electrochemical property test find, the method synthesis spinel lithium manganate there is high specific capacity first and the advantage of good cycle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is that the discharge curve first obtained is tested in spinel lithium manganate assembled battery prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the cycle performance curve chart that the spinel lithium manganate assembled battery of the embodiment of the present invention 1 preparation obtains.
Embodiment
For the ease of understanding the present invention, hereafter will do to describe more comprehensively, meticulously to the present invention in conjunction with Figure of description and preferred embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following specific embodiment.
Unless otherwise defined, hereinafter used all technical terms are identical with the implication that those skilled in the art understand usually.The object of technical term used herein just in order to describe specific embodiment is not be intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Unless otherwise specified, the various raw material, reagent, instrument and equipment etc. used in the present invention are all bought by market and are obtained or prepare by existing method.
embodiment 1:
A preparation method for spinel lithium manganate of the present invention, comprises the following steps: take analytically pure monohydrate lithium hydroxide (LiOHH respectively 2o) the manganese dioxide 3.48g of 0.84 g and industrial electrolysis, measures proportioning, wherein Li:Mn=1:2 on an atomic basis; Be dissolved in by the sample weighed up in 5 ml ethanol, wherein the mass ratio of sample and ethanol is about 1:0.9, stirring ball-milling 3 h, and wherein the rotating speed of ball milling is 500r/min, by mixed sample, is placed on 100 DEG C of oven drying 6 h and dries; Dried sample is put into porcelain boat, put into plasma tubular type stove (model is OTF-1200X), start to pass into oxygen, the flow velocity wherein controlling oxygen is 3sccm, and then plasma tube furnace vacuumizes, until vacuum degree reaches 100 below pa, at the uniform velocity heat up heating, and heating rate is 10 DEG C/min, when temperature has just reached 500 DEG C, start plasma treatment (plasma treatment is synchronous with sintering process), the processing time is 20 min; The power of setting plasma is 150 W, after plasma treatment is complete, continues constant temperature 40 min; At the uniform velocity cool to room temperature, namely obtain the spinel lithium manganate of the present embodiment.
The spinel lithium manganate that a kind of preparation method of the present embodiment obtains is that the discharge curve first obtained is tested in spinel lithium manganate assembled battery prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 as the application of anode material for lithium-ion batteries: Fig. 1, as can be seen from Figure 1, correspond to LiMn at 4.16 V and 4.17 V discharge platforms 2o 4middle Emission in Cubic Li 1-xmn 2o 4with Emission in Cubic Mn 2o 4transformation:
This reaction is all reversible reaction, and LiMn is described 2o 4in 3.98 V platforms, there is good invertibity.It can also be seen that from Fig. 1, the LiMn of the method synthesis 2o 4the first discharge specific capacity of positive electrode is 129.8 mAhg -1, illustrate that this material has good chemical property.Fig. 2 is the cycle performance curve chart that the spinel lithium manganate assembled battery of the embodiment of the present invention 1 preparation obtains, and the specific capacity first of the manganate cathode material for lithium of as can be seen from Figure 2 the present invention's synthesis is 129.8 mAhg -1, after 60 circle charge and discharge cycles, specific capacity still can reach 125.2 mAhg -1, after 60 circles, capacity attenuation is 3.54%, illustrate that the cycle performance of the manganate cathode material for lithium of synthesis is more stable.
embodiment 2:
A preparation method for spinel lithium manganate of the present invention, comprises the following steps: take analytically pure monohydrate lithium hydroxide (LiOHH respectively 2o) the manganese dioxide 2.61g of 0.63 g and industrial electrolysis, measures proportioning, wherein Li:Mn=1:2 on an atomic basis; By the sample weighed up, be dissolved in 4 ml methyl alcohol, wherein the ratio of sample and methyl alcohol is about 1:1.0, stirring ball-milling 1 h, and wherein the rotating speed of ball milling is 450r/min, by mixed sample, is placed on 90 DEG C of oven drying 8 h and dries; Dried sample is put into porcelain boat, put into plasma tubular type stove (model is OTF-1200X), start to pass into oxygen, the flow velocity wherein controlling oxygen is 4 sccm, and then plasma tube furnace vacuumizes, until vacuum degree reaches 100 below pa, at the uniform velocity heat up heating, and heating rate is 10 DEG C/min, when temperature has just reached 450 DEG C, start plasma treatment (plasma treatment is synchronous with sintering process), the processing time is 40 min; The power of setting plasma is 200 W, after plasma treatment is complete, continues constant temperature 20 min; At the uniform velocity cool to room temperature, namely obtain the spinel lithium manganate of the present embodiment.
The spinel lithium manganate that a kind of preparation method of the present embodiment obtains is as the application of anode material for lithium-ion batteries: the spinel lithium manganate of the present embodiment preparation synthesis has high specific capacity first and the advantage of good cycle.
embodiment 3:
A preparation method for spinel lithium manganate of the present invention, comprises the following steps: take analytically pure monohydrate lithium hydroxide (LiOHH respectively 2o) the manganese dioxide 1.74g of 0.42 g and industrial electrolysis, measures proportioning, wherein Li:Mn=1:2 on an atomic basis; By the sample weighed up, be dissolved in 3 ml acetone, wherein the ratio of sample and acetone is about 1:1.1, stirring ball-milling 1 h, and wherein the rotating speed of ball milling is 400r/min, by mixed sample, is placed on 80 DEG C of oven drying 10 h and dries; Dried sample is put into porcelain boat, put into plasma tubular type stove (model is OTF-1200X), start to pass into oxygen, the flow velocity wherein controlling oxygen is 5 sccm, and then plasma tube furnace vacuumizes, until vacuum degree reaches 100 below pa, at the uniform velocity heat up heating, and heating rate is 10 DEG C/min, when temperature has just reached 400 DEG C, start plasma treatment (plasma treatment is synchronous with sintering process), the processing time is 60 min; The power of setting plasma is 250 W, after plasma treatment is complete, continues constant temperature 20 min; Programmed cooling, to room temperature, namely obtains the spinel lithium manganate of the present embodiment.
The spinel lithium manganate that a kind of preparation method of the present embodiment obtains is as the application of anode material for lithium-ion batteries: the spinel lithium manganate of the present embodiment preparation synthesis has high specific capacity first and the advantage of good cycle.

Claims (9)

1. a preparation method for spinel lithium manganate, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: take lithium source and manganese source, be dissolved in easy volatile solvent, stirring ball-milling, dry, put into plasma tubular type stove, logical oxygen, then vacuumizes, at the uniform velocity heats up, heating, carry out plasma treatment, be then at the uniform velocity cooled to room temperature, namely obtain spinel lithium manganate.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described lithium source is any one in monohydrate lithium hydroxide, lithium acetate or lithium nitrate, and described manganese source is any one in manganese dioxide, manganese acetate, manganese nitrate, manganese chloride or manganese sulfate.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described easy volatile solvent is any one in ethanol, methyl alcohol or acetone, and the mixture in described lithium source, manganese source and the mass ratio of easy volatile solvent are 1:0.8 ~ 1:1.2.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the rotating speed of described ball milling is 400 ~ 500 r/min, and the time is 1 ~ 3h.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the process conditions of described oven dry are: be placed in the dry 6 ~ 10h of 80 ~ 100 DEG C of baking ovens.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the Ventilation Rate of described oxygen is 2 ~ 5sccm, and the time of ventilation is 10 ~ 15min, and after described vacuum pumping, vacuum degree is less than 100Pa.
7. according to the preparation method in claim 1 ~ 6 described in any one, it is characterized in that, described at the uniform velocity intensification, the speed of at the uniform velocity lowering the temperature are 10 DEG C/min.
8. according to the preparation method in claim 1 ~ 6 described in any one, it is characterized in that, the temperature of described plasma treatment is 400 ~ 500 DEG C, and the time is 20 ~ 60min, after described plasma treatment is complete, and constant temperature 20 ~ 40min.
9. the spinel lithium manganate obtained as the preparation method in claim 1 ~ 8 as described in any one is preparing the application in anode material for lithium-ion batteries.
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108134076A (en) * 2017-12-18 2018-06-08 常州大学 A kind of preparation method and application of spinel lithium manganate
CN109019703A (en) * 2017-05-25 2018-12-18 宁波工程学院 A kind of plasma fortified oxidizing roasting method of the nickelic positive electrode of lithium ion battery
CN109231282A (en) * 2018-09-28 2019-01-18 青岛大学 A kind of preparation method and applications of cobalt acid lithium
CN109888278A (en) * 2017-05-25 2019-06-14 宁波工程学院 A kind of plasma fortified oxidizing roasting device of electromagnetic field containment for the nickelic positive electrode of synthesizing lithium ion battery
CN112299496A (en) * 2020-11-16 2021-02-02 天津大学 Method for regulating and controlling anion and cation defects on surface of spinel type metal oxide by dielectric barrier discharge

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109019703A (en) * 2017-05-25 2018-12-18 宁波工程学院 A kind of plasma fortified oxidizing roasting method of the nickelic positive electrode of lithium ion battery
CN109888278A (en) * 2017-05-25 2019-06-14 宁波工程学院 A kind of plasma fortified oxidizing roasting device of electromagnetic field containment for the nickelic positive electrode of synthesizing lithium ion battery
CN109019703B (en) * 2017-05-25 2020-11-06 宁波工程学院 Plasma enhanced oxidation roasting method for high-nickel cathode material of lithium ion battery
CN109888278B (en) * 2017-05-25 2021-07-16 宁波工程学院 Electromagnetic field confined plasma enhanced oxidation roasting device for synthesizing high-nickel anode material of lithium ion battery
CN108134076A (en) * 2017-12-18 2018-06-08 常州大学 A kind of preparation method and application of spinel lithium manganate
CN109231282A (en) * 2018-09-28 2019-01-18 青岛大学 A kind of preparation method and applications of cobalt acid lithium
CN112299496A (en) * 2020-11-16 2021-02-02 天津大学 Method for regulating and controlling anion and cation defects on surface of spinel type metal oxide by dielectric barrier discharge

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