CN104655570A - Method for achieving passive laser detection on oil-gas mixed gases under various conditions - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for achieving passive laser detection on oil-gas mixed gases under various conditions, and belongs to a photoelectronic passive laser detection technology in the technical field of information. The method provided by the invention mainly comprises the following steps: measuring crude oil evaporation capacity of different kinds of crude oil at 0-70 DEG C with a temperature gradient of 5 DEG C; measuring the gas phase composition conditions of the different kinds of crude oil at 0-70 DEG C in a oil-gas balance state, wherein the temperature gradient is 5 DEG C; according to conclusions and data, in combination with the structure of a secondary sealing bin of a crude oil storage tank at an external floating roof, providing oil gas explosion limit values of the secondary sealing bin under various temperature gradient fields; according to conclusions and data, measuring the oil-gas diffusion velocity in a simulative environment of the secondary sealing bin; and carrying out analog-digital conversion according to a function relationship curve digitization to generate a comparable alarm limit value for alarming oil-gas leakage of the secondary sealing bin of the oil storage tank at the external floating roof. By adopting the method provided by the invention, the accurate real-time passive laser detection and alarm can be achieved in an oil-gas volatilization process in the secondary sealing bin at the oil storage tank.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to areas of information technology, the method that under the multiple condition of especially microelectronics and field of photoelectric technology, the passive laser acquisition of oil gas class mixed gas realizes.。
Background technology
At present, petrochemical complex is as the major hidden danger of workspace, and perform region needs to adopt a kind of reliable, stable method to detect in real time its concentration to inflammable gas, monitors it and is no more than critical value, to ensure that routine safety is produced.Storage tank is a kind of tun, is the visual plant in refinery, oil field, oil depot and petroleum pipe line industry, is specifically designed to reception, stores and provide inflammable, explosive oil product medium.Oil product just because of its storage has the special nature of inflammable, explosive, easy generation electrostatic, becomes the important object of management of safe operation in oil movement and storage industry.In daily the using and manage of oil tank, the unsafe condition of any one Unsafe behavior and thing, the generation that all may cause the accident, causes huge economic loss and personal injury accident.The safety management of storage tank is the prerequisite of other work in everies of POL depot management, is the lifeline of safety in production, is also the basis of improving business environment, improving Business Economic Benefit.Therefore, strengthen the safety management of storage tank, the unsafe factor of Timeliness coverage and elimination storage tank, stop the generation of all kinds of accident, to oil movement and storage, enterprise is significant.
The conventional secondary seal cabin pipeline that known petrochemical complex uses is bled, pipeline transmits, safety zone chemical examination, air suction mode perception, perception hysteresis quality, formation negative pressure of bleeding, and air enters pressurized capsule, produces bring high risks to Oil Safety.If therefore there is burning or blast, that will be earth shaking security incident, also can cause tremendous influence to social stability and human progress.How to avoid passive when inflammable gas detects (not charged), real-time status, safely, efficiently directly can judge the leakage scope of inflammable gas in large-scale application places, become the problem needing solution badly.
Current CNPC uses timing extractor fan in the secondary seal cabin of storage tank, mixed oil and gas is retracted to the charged sensor in safety zone and detects, excessive if there is concentration, restarts the device of nitrogen injection to reduce storage tank risk.The method faces several realistic problem, first temporal frequency extracted crosses frequent power consumption greatly, the temporal frequency extracted cross sparse cannot Timeliness coverage dangerous situation, be used for detecting because distance oil tank spot, safety zone can not ensure Timeliness coverage problem apart from far even if constantly extract storage tank gas; The orientation of the second extracting gases is fixed, cannot to the region-wide central area detecting especially storage tank of storage tank.
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, propose to detect storage tank secondary seal cabin oil gas by passive laser gas Detection Techniques, technological difficulties of the present invention are following 2 points: first, oil gas class gas is that mixed gas constituent is complicated, its constituent of the oil gas of the crude oil of different quality difference to some extent; The second, with oil gas gas its blending constituent difference at different temperatures of quality crude oil.By experimental provision described in the invention with crude quality, ambient temperature two dimensions are according to measuring oil evaporation amount, gas phase composition situation two basic values, re-use the gas phase composition that gas chromatographic detection device record faces quick-fried point, based on crude quality and ambient temperature, depict the gas phase composition facing quick-fried point as curve map, again curve map is done analog to digital conversion, reach input crude quality and ambient temperature numerical value can export the method for facing quick-fried some gas phase composition numerical value, the method is called the method that the passive laser acquisition of oil gas class mixed gas under multiple condition realizes, as the core technology of the passive laser detection and alarm device of oil gas class mixed gas under multiple condition.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
The object of the invention is, the method that passive laser acquisition realizes of oil gas class mixed gas under multiple condition is provided, select different geographical, collection in worksite Russian oil, Daqing crude oil, Bohai Sea crude oil sample, under carrying out temperature gradient field environment, oil-gas component volatilization experiment, by experiment, depict various crude oil, under different storage temperature gradient fields, with the funtcional relationship of oil-gas component volatile concentrations, and then, under providing different temperatures environment, outer floating roof tank secondary seal cabin oil and gas leakage explosion limits value, for oil gas volatilization system in monitoring petroleum storage tank secondary seal storehouse, theoretical and data supporting are provided, thus the accurate real-time passive laser monitoring achieved the oil gas volatilization process in petroleum storage tank secondary seal storehouse and warning.
(2) technical scheme
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides the method that the passive laser acquisition of oil gas class mixed gas under multiple condition realizes, key step comprises: measure Russian oil, Daqing crude oil, Bohai Sea crude oil 0 DEG C to 70 DEG C time, oil evaporation amount, thermograde 5 DEG C; Measure Russian oil, Daqing crude oil, Bohai Sea crude oil 0 DEG C to 70 DEG C time, the gas phase composition situation under gas and oil equilibration state, thermograde 5 DEG C; According to conclusion and data, in conjunction with the structure in outer floating roof crude oil storage tank secondary seal cabin, provide various thermograde after the match, secondary seal cabin oil gas explosion ultimate value; According to conclusion and data, under the environment of simulation secondary seal cabin, experiments of measuring oil-gas diffusion speed; According to function relation curve digitizing, analog to digital conversion completes input crude quality and environment temperature, export oil gas gas phase composition numerical value during oil gas explosion ultimate value, according to oil gas gas phase composition numeric ratio during oil gas explosion ultimate value to oil gas gas phase composition numerical value under the actual crude quality of laser acquisition and environment temperature, trigger alarm information during oil gas gas phase composition numerical value when oil gas gas phase composition numerical value reaches oil gas explosion ultimate value under actual crude quality and environment temperature;
Step 1, particularly, above-mentioned mensuration Russian oil, Daqing crude oil, Bohai Sea crude oil are 0 DEG C to 70 DEG C time, oil evaporation amount, thermograde 5 DEG C, comprising: vacuumized by scalable atmosphere storage snubber assembly, under vacuum state, this device inner volume is zero, is complete flat form; Tempeerature-constant air bath temperature is set in experimental temperature, and device is put into constant temperature air bath and is carried out constant temperature preheating; After device preheating fully, in Fuel Tanking Unit, add the oil sample of specified amount; Reach after requirement temperature until oil temperature, constant temperature three hours, make Fuel Tanking Unit reach gas-liquid phase equilibrium state, take gas sample by collection valve.In this process, have gaseous volatilization, the gas had more can enter gas buffer; Regulation experiment condition, changes oil sample or changes temperature, repeating above step.
Step 2, further, said determination Russian oil, Daqing crude oil, Bohai Sea crude oil are 0 DEG C to 70 DEG C time, gas phase composition situation under gas and oil equilibration state, thermograde 5 DEG C, comprising: utilize the graduated syringe of tool to bleed outward from gas collecting mouth, be evacuated to gas cushioning features again completely flat, because whole device is all-sealed structure, then the tolerance of now extracting out is the tolerance that crude oil volatilization produces; Regulation experiment condition, changes oil sample or changes temperature, repeating above step.
Step 3, further, according to above-mentioned conclusion and data, in conjunction with the structure in outer floating roof crude oil storage tank secondary seal cabin, provide various thermograde after the match, secondary seal cabin oil gas explosion ultimate value, comprising: utilize gas chromatographic detection device to carry out the analysis of gas sample, obtains the related data of gas composition and each component concentration.Liquid seal device plays the buffer action of holdout device pressure herein; Gas chromatograph can directly export the composition situation of sample and the content of each composition; Form Russian oil, Daqing crude oil, Bohai Sea crude oil 0 DEG C to 70 DEG C time, the secondary seal cabin oil gas explosion ultimate value concentration curve of Two-Dimensional Correlativity.
Step 4, further, according to above-mentioned conclusion and data, under the environment of simulation secondary seal cabin, experiments of measuring oil-gas diffusion speed, comprise: known secondary seal cabin volume simulation secondary seal cabin environment, experiment oil gas is injected in the secondary seal cabin of simulation, measures the rate of propagation of oil gas in secondary seal cabin.
Step 5, particularly, obtains 2 groups of data according to above-mentioned steps, and first group of data do input value by crude quality and environment temperature can obtain the curve map that oil gas gas phase forms, oil gas when second group of data are made up of oil gas gas phase and oil-gas diffusion speed obtains secondary seal cabin oil gas explosion forms ultimate value, input crude quality and environment temperature comprehensively can be obtained by two groups of data, oil gas when exporting secondary seal cabin oil gas explosion forms the data model of ultimate value, according to oil gas gas phase composition numeric ratio during oil gas explosion ultimate value to oil gas gas phase composition numerical value under the actual crude quality of laser acquisition and environment temperature, trigger alarm information during oil gas gas phase composition numerical value when oil gas gas phase composition numerical value reaches oil gas explosion ultimate value under actual crude quality and environment temperature.
(3) beneficial effect
Be different from background technology, the invention provides the method for the passive laser acquisition of oil gas class mixed gas under one kind of multiple conditions, can to various crude oil, under different storage temperature gradient fields, carry out accurately detecting, simultaneously, according to the passive monitor of various concentration information computing application laser distribution type hybrid gas of detection, detect outer floating roof tank secondary seal cabin oil and gas leakage concentration value, thus the accurate real-time passive laser monitoring achieved the oil and gas leakage volatilization process in petroleum storage tank secondary seal storehouse and warning.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the method that under multiple condition of the present invention, the passive laser acquisition of oil gas class mixed gas realizes;
Fig. 2 is device connection schematic diagram in air bath of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is Russian oil mixed gas gas phase proportional curve figure of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is Bohai Sea crude oil mixed gas gas phase proportional curve figure of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is Daqing crude oil mixed gas gas phase proportional curve figure of the present invention.
Label declaration in Fig. 2: 1 constant temperature air bath, 2 scalable atmosphere storage snubber assemblys, 3 gas collecting mouths, 4 temperature indicator (TI)s, 5 Fuel Tanking Units.
Embodiment
For making object of the present invention, content and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.Refer to Fig. 1, present embodiments provide for the method for the passive laser acquisition of oil gas class mixed gas under one kind of multiple conditions, comprising:
Step 101: measure Russian oil, Daqing crude oil, Bohai Sea crude oil 0 DEG C to 70 DEG C time, oil evaporation amount, thermograde 5 DEG C;
Refer to Fig. 2, there is light components in crude oil, light components can volatilize at corresponding temperature becomes gas phase.In closed system, constantly have liquid phase to volatilize for while gas phase, in gas phase, some components liquefy again and get back in liquid phase, and after giving sufficient reaction time, this process can reach mobile equilibrium, and namely the composition of gas phase and liquid phase, amount of substance no longer change.Vacuumized by scalable atmosphere storage snubber assembly 2, under vacuum state, this device inner volume is zero, is complete flat form; Constant temperature air bath 1 temperature is set in experimental temperature, and device is put into constant temperature air bath 1 and is carried out constant temperature preheating; After device preheating fully, in Fuel Tanking Unit 5, add the oil sample of specified amount; Reach after requirement temperature until oil temperature, constant temperature three hours, make Fuel Tanking Unit 5 reach gas-liquid phase equilibrium state, take gas sample by collection valve.In this process, have gaseous volatilization, the gas had more can enter gas buffer; Regulation experiment condition, changes oil sample or changes temperature, repeating above step.
Step 102: measure Russian oil, Daqing crude oil, Bohai Sea crude oil 0 DEG C to 70 DEG C time, the gas phase composition situation under gas and oil equilibration state, thermograde 5 DEG C;
Refer to Fig. 2, for crude oil provides a constant temperature and pressure and closed environment provide the enough reaction time, make crude oil reach gas-liquid phase equilibrium.After balance, the volume of gas phase, gas phase composition, gas phase composition content are analyzed, and required that in sampling process, larger change does not occur extraneous temperature, pressure, to guarantee that sampling process can not interference experiment result.Utilize the graduated syringe of tool to bleed outward from gas collecting mouth 3, be evacuated to gas cushioning features again completely flat, because whole device is all-sealed structure, then the tolerance of now extracting out is the tolerance that crude oil volatilization produces; Regulation experiment condition, changes oil sample or changes temperature, repeating above step.The volume of volatilization gas can utilize fluid-discharge therapy to measure, and the content of gas phase composition and each composition has detected by gas chromatograph.
Step 103: according to conclusion and data, in conjunction with the structure in outer floating roof crude oil storage tank secondary seal cabin, provides various thermograde after the match, secondary seal cabin oil gas explosion ultimate value;
Refer to Fig. 3, convert according to material quality, the material amount of the light constituent that unit mass crude oil loses because of volatilization at different temperatures can be obtained, and the composition situation of the light constituent of loss.Utilize gas chromatographic detection device to carry out the analysis of gas sample, obtain the related data of gas composition and each component concentration.Liquid seal device plays the buffer action of holdout device pressure herein; Gas chromatograph can directly export the composition situation of sample and the content of each composition, can contain air, therefore air part deducted when data processing when considering experiment initial state; Form Russian oil, Daqing crude oil, Bohai Sea crude oil 0 DEG C to 70 DEG C time, the secondary seal cabin oil gas explosion ultimate value concentration curve of Two-Dimensional Correlativity.
Step 104: according to conclusion and data, under the environment of simulation secondary seal cabin, experiments of measuring oil-gas diffusion speed;
Refer to Fig. 3, known secondary seal cabin volume simulation secondary seal cabin environment, injects in the secondary seal cabin of simulation by experiment oil gas, measures the rate of propagation of oil gas in secondary seal cabin.
Step 105: according to function relation curve digitizing, digital-to-analog conversion generates core technology, and monitoring technology method is used for outer floating roof tank secondary seal cabin oil and gas leakage and reports to the police;
Utilize the curve map that explosion limits Value Data is produced, formed the alarming value that can contrast by digital-to-analog conversion, input has 2 parameters, is gas phase composition parameter and temperature environment parameter respectively, and exporting and have 1 parameter, is concentration explosive limit value curve; Concentration explosive limit value curve can be reported to the police as oil gas the core technology of kind equipment, for the accurate real-time passive laser monitoring of the oil gas volatilization process in petroleum storage tank secondary seal storehouse and warning.
In the present embodiment, select different geographical, collection in worksite Russian oil, Daqing crude oil, Bohai Sea crude oil sample, under carrying out temperature gradient field environment, oil-gas component volatilization experiment, by experiment, depict various crude oil, under different storage temperature gradient fields, with the funtcional relationship of oil-gas component volatile concentrations, and then, under providing different temperatures environment, outer floating roof tank secondary seal cabin oil and gas leakage explosion limits value, for oil gas volatilization system in monitoring petroleum storage tank secondary seal storehouse, theoretical and data supporting are provided, thus the accurate real-time passive laser monitoring achieved the oil gas volatilization process in petroleum storage tank secondary seal storehouse and warning.Meet the demand detected in the application of Oilfield Operation District completely, the problem mentioned in background technology can be solved.Skilled person it should be understood that, the detection of natural gas in other similar large-scale places all can apply technical scheme of the present invention, and can also be applied in industrial enterprise, large oilfield oil depot etc. widely needs emphasis to strengthen all indoor and outdoor surroundingses such as monitoring, strick precaution.Certainly need the gas of monitoring as CO, SO2 etc. for other, also thought according to the present invention can convert, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize instructions of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the method that under many kinds of conditions, the passive laser acquisition of oil gas class mixed gas realizes, performing step comprises:
Measure Russian oil, Daqing crude oil, Bohai Sea crude oil 0 DEG C to 70 DEG C time, oil evaporation amount, thermograde 5 DEG C;
Measure Russian oil, Daqing crude oil, Bohai Sea crude oil 0 DEG C to 70 DEG C time, the gas phase composition situation under gas and oil equilibration state, thermograde 5 DEG C;
According to conclusion and data, in conjunction with the structure in outer floating roof crude oil storage tank secondary seal cabin, provide various thermograde after the match, secondary seal cabin oil gas explosion ultimate value;
According to conclusion and data, under the environment of simulation secondary seal cabin, experiments of measuring oil-gas diffusion speed;
Forming input parameter according to funtcional relationship is crude quality and environment temperature, export the curve for the oil gas gas phase composition value during oil gas explosion ultimate value of secondary seal cabin, and by curve digitizing, by analog to digital conversion production core technology, the actual oil gas gas phase composition value measured by preset value and passive laser probe is contrasted, trigger alarm information during oil gas gas phase composition numerical value when oil gas gas phase composition numerical value reaches oil gas explosion ultimate value under actual crude quality and environment temperature;
Step 1, measure Russian oil, Daqing crude oil, Bohai Sea crude oil 0 DEG C to 70 DEG C time, oil evaporation amount, thermograde 5 DEG C, comprising:
Vacuumized by scalable atmosphere storage snubber assembly, under vacuum state, this device inner volume is zero, is complete flat form;
Tempeerature-constant air bath temperature is set in experimental temperature, and device is put into constant temperature air bath and is carried out constant temperature preheating;
After device preheating fully, in Fuel Tanking Unit, add the oil sample of specified amount;
Reach after requirement temperature until oil temperature, constant temperature three hours, make Fuel Tanking Unit reach gas-liquid phase equilibrium state, take gas sample by collection valve;
In this process, have gaseous volatilization, the gas had more can enter gas buffer;
Change oil sample or change temperature, repeating above step;
Step 2, measures Russian oil, Daqing crude oil, Bohai Sea crude oil 0 DEG C to 70 DEG C time, the gas phase composition situation under gas and oil equilibration state, and thermograde 5 DEG C, comprising:
Utilize the graduated syringe of tool to bleed outward from gas collecting mouth, be evacuated to gas cushioning features again completely flat, because whole device is all-sealed structure, then the tolerance of now extracting out is the tolerance that crude oil volatilization produces;
Regulation experiment condition, changes oil sample or changes temperature, repeating above step;
Step 3, according to conclusion and data, in conjunction with the structure in outer floating roof crude oil storage tank secondary seal cabin, provide various thermograde after the match, secondary seal cabin oil gas explosion ultimate value, comprising:
Utilize gas chromatographic detection device to carry out the analysis of gas sample, obtain the related data of gas composition and each component concentration, the oil gas gas phase composition value namely during the secondary seal cabin oil gas explosion limit;
Form Russian oil, Daqing crude oil, Bohai Sea crude oil 0 DEG C to 70 DEG C time, the secondary seal cabin oil gas explosion ultimate value concentration curve of Two-Dimensional Correlativity, curve conclusion is shown in Fig. 3 to Fig. 5;
Step 4, according to conclusion and data, under the environment of simulation secondary seal cabin, experiments of measuring oil-gas diffusion speed, comprising:
Volume simulation secondary seal cabin, known secondary seal cabin environment, injects in the secondary seal cabin of simulation by experiment oil gas, measures the rate of propagation of oil gas in secondary seal cabin;
Step 5, forming input parameter according to funtcional relationship is crude quality and environment temperature, export the curve for the oil gas gas phase composition value during oil gas explosion ultimate value of secondary seal cabin, and by curve digitizing, by analog to digital conversion production core technology, the actual oil gas gas phase composition value measured by preset value and passive laser probe is contrasted, trigger alarm during oil gas gas phase composition numerical value when oil gas gas phase composition numerical value reaches oil gas explosion ultimate value under actual crude quality and environment temperature.
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| CN105158164A (en) * | 2015-07-26 | 2015-12-16 | 北京航星网讯技术股份有限公司 | Method for detecting oil-gas concentration of oil tank with passive laser |
| CN106769972A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-05-31 | 北京航星网讯技术股份有限公司 | The method that the detection of oil gas class mixed gas laser on-line sampling is realized |
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