CN104654126A - LED illumination tube and illumination device for plant cultivation - Google Patents
LED illumination tube and illumination device for plant cultivation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104654126A CN104654126A CN201410240833.5A CN201410240833A CN104654126A CN 104654126 A CN104654126 A CN 104654126A CN 201410240833 A CN201410240833 A CN 201410240833A CN 104654126 A CN104654126 A CN 104654126A
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- led illumination
- led
- substrate
- illumination pipe
- reflecting plate
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
- F21S8/03—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of surface-mounted type
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/20—Forcing-frames; Lights, i.e. glass panels covering the forcing-frames
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/249—Lighting means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
- F21K9/20—Light sources comprising attachment means
- F21K9/27—Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with two fittings for each light source, e.g. for substitution of fluorescent tubes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
- F21K9/60—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
- F21K9/62—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction using mixing chambers, e.g. housings with reflective walls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
- F21K9/60—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
- F21K9/68—Details of reflectors forming part of the light source
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
- F21V7/22—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2101/00—Point-like light sources
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Led Device Packages (AREA)
Abstract
Provided is an LED illumination tube having low power consumption, allowing sufficient amount of light and luminance (brightness) to be obtained within a specific range, and whereof the surface temperature does not rise even when in use. Provided in addition is an illumination device for plant cultivation whereby an amount of light of sufficient PPFD for plant photosynthesis can be obtained with a low power consumption, allowing a plant to be grown efficiently. The LED illumination tube is constituted mainly from a substrate whereon LED light sources are mounted, reflective plates disposed on the substrate, a radiator plate supporting the substrate, a tubular body joined to the radiator plate to form an internal space allowing the substrate and the reflective plates to be accommodated, and a metal cap serving as a connection extremity portion. Parallel to two sides of a row of LED light sources mounted on the substrate, two reflective plates are installed in an arrangement wherein reflective faces sandwich and face the row of LED light sources from the two sides. The reflective faces have an inclination of a predetermined angle (70 degrees) with respect to the substrate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to LED illumination pipe and there is the plant culture lighting device of this LED illumination pipe.
Background technology
All the time, as ligthing paraphernalia, there are known incandescent lamp and fluorescent lamp etc., but in recent years, from energy-saving and environmental cure aspect, develop and utilize the light emitting diode (LED) of the coloured light that turns white as the various LED light device of light source, to replace existing incandescent lamp and fluorescent lamp etc.
When compared with existing ligthing paraphernalia, LED consumes the electric power of about 1/2 to 1/4, and can extend the life-span of himself significantly, therefore, it is possible to it is universal further to expect in the future.
Particularly, the alternatively component of fluorescent lamp, for having the outward appearance identical with fluorescent lamp and the Straight LED illumination pipe that directly can be arranged at existing fluorescent lamp utensil it is also proposed various scheme.
In general, LED illumination pipe is provided with substrate in the inside of the body of cylindrical shape, and the face of the side of this substrate is provided with multiple LED at predetermined intervals, and described cylindric body is made up of the transparent or translucent glass or synthetic resin etc. with light transmission.
LED illumination pipe has the shape identical with the fluorescent lamp of straight pipe type on the whole, is provided with crown cap at the two ends of body, and this crown cap is formed with projecting terminal, and this terminal is used for being connected with the socket of existing fluorescent lamp utensil.
By said structure, LED illumination is tubular becomes the structure that can be installed on existing fluorescent lamp utensil, and can accept the supply of power supply thus and make the LED of tubular body luminous.
As the invention of LED illumination pipe relating to this straight pipe type, such as Patent Document 1 discloses so a kind of LED illumination pipe, it comprises: cylindric body, and it is made up of Merlon (polycarbonate); The radiator (heatsink) of aluminum, it is arranged on opening portion, and this opening portion is arranged on a part for the side face of described body; And multiple LED, it is arranged in described cylindrical shell.
In this patent document 1, formed overall by radiator and the body being incorporated into this radiator and be cylindric straight tube, become the form identical with existing fluorescent lamp, and be arranged on the existing equipment (fluorescent lamp utensil) for keeping fluorescent lamp.
In addition, in patent document 2, disclose so a kind of LED illumination pipe, it is by translucent shell and be incorporated into this shell and the heat sink with maintaining part forms and has the tubular structure of interior void, and this LED illumination pipe has: circuit substrate, is fixed on the maintaining part of heat sink its heat transfer; More than one LED light source, it is arranged on described circuit substrate; And two end cover, they are suitable for and are embedded in the both ends of tubular structure.
In this patent document 2, disclosed LED illumination pipe can replace existing fluorescent lamp and installs and be used on fluorescent lamp utensil, and irradiates equably with extensive angle.
Patent document
Patent document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2011-113876 publication
Patent document 2: Japanese JP 2013-219004 publication
But, patent document 1 and the such LED illumination pipe of patent document 2 irradiate with being suitable for wide scope, but when needing to throw light on the intensity of illumination (lightness) expected in particular range, there is light dispersion and the problem of enough intensities of illumination cannot be obtained.
Namely, LED illumination angle is wide, and carry out space illumination to this LED periphery with radial when luminescence, therefore cannot immediately below light source (LED front) and its peripheral space etc. specific direction on concentrate whole light quantity, light quantity also can be distributed to laterally etc. on unwanted direction.
Therefore, even if the luminosity of LED self (glorious degrees) is high, in lightness etc., also there is the situation being difficult to the enough intensities of illumination obtaining satisfying condition.
Such as, lumen (the lumen of the lightness of LED is represented with numerical value, 1m) total amount (whole light beam) of radially carrying out the light irradiated to whole direction is put together represent, therefore immediately below light source or the lightness of light source periphery in fact and do not meet lumen numerical value, mostly can be dimmed.
So, LED carries out the situation of irradiating with being intended for wide scope, but when needing light quantity immediately below light source or on the specific direction of its peripheral space etc., namely when requiring the luminous intensity distribution of narrow angle, sometimes may not be applicable to.
In addition, due to wide scope irradiate, therefore also exist heat accumulation pipe in and make the bad phenomenon such as the surface temperature rising of LED illumination pipe.
In addition, as cultivation of plants form, cultivation of plants raising can be carried out in the indoor of plastic greenhouse and plant factor etc.
Use in such indoor growing for artificially, the illumination of light-struck plant culture is carried out to plant, importantly promote photosynthesis and make plant growth expeditiously, but need the light quantity that photosynthesis light quantum Shu Midu (photosynthetic photon flux density, PPFD) is high for this reason.
In plant culture, as the intensity of light and the numerical value using photosynthesis light quantum Shu Midu (PPFD) such.This is the numerical value of the quantum number in unit interval of the light represented in photosynthesis in effective viewing area 400nm to 700nm, unit are.
Therefore, as plant culture lighting device, only merely irradiate only inadequate, need, in the wave-length coverage of light required in the photosynthesis that can absorb at chlorophyll (chlorophyll), to irradiate enough photosynthetic PPFD (200 μm of ol/m
2/ more than s) light.
In addition, in order to leaf be caused to burn equivalent damage to plant because of the heat of illumination, thermal release must also be considered, to make the surface temperature of light source (LED illumination pipe) can not heating.
If adopt the light source that PPFD is low, the number increasing this light source must be needed, if number of light sources increases, then the caloric value that this light source produces also can increase, and the leaf that therefore plant likely can occur is not suitable for the situation of plant growth environment by described heat burn etc.
On the other hand, carry out illumination with not necessarily needing wide scope and penetrate, what need high light quantity also can be only directly shine in the narrow scope of the plant immediately below light source.
If consider these aspects, then the existing LED illumination pipe that such as patent document 1 and patent document 2 are so is also not suitable as plant culture illumination to use.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the present invention is made in view of above-mentioned problem, the object of the invention is to, a kind of LED illumination pipe is provided, its power consumption is few, can obtain sufficient light quantity and intensity of illumination (lightness), and surface temperature also can not raise in use in particular range.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of plant culture lighting device, can obtain the light quantity of sufficient PPFD in the photosynthesis of plant, can efficiency cultivate plants well with less power consumption.
Described problem is solved by following manner: LED illumination pipe of the present invention is the LED illumination pipe of the straight pipe type with following parts: substrate, and it is provided with multiple LED and extends in the longitudinal direction; Heat sink, for supporting described substrate; Body, it is formed with the inner space for receiving described substrate and at least has light transmission in described LED side; And connecting end portion, it is arranged on the both ends or one end of this body and is provided with the terminal that can be connected to fluorescence utensil, described LED illumination pipe has a pair reflecting plate at described substrate, the face of at least one party of described reflecting plate is reflecting surface, described reflecting plate is configured to: configure along the length direction of described substrate with described reflecting surface and described LED side mode in opposite directions in described inner space, described reflecting surface has the inclination of predetermined angular relative to described substrate.
In the present invention, as said structure, on the substrate having installed LED in the inner space being accommodated in LED illumination pipe, to be provided with the inclination of predetermined angular and to make reflecting surface mode in opposite directions be provided with a pair reflecting plate, to be reflected towards prescribed direction by the light from described LED illumination.
Thus, by described reflecting plate, change the irradiating angle of the light from LED illumination, therefore, the light in the past irradiated to transverse direction etc. can be configured in the region that clamps between reflecting plate and reflecting plate, i.e. (LED front) and peripheral space thereof immediately below light source, light quantity can be concentrated.
So, by whole light quantities of the light radially irradiated from LED without be configured in immediately below light source lavishly and peripheral space specific direction on, therefore, it is possible to make light quantity free of losses, as immediately below the light source of shadow surface and peripheral space etc. can improve intensity of illumination and PPFD.
In addition, by the light of LED is focused on front, because light is not radiated at the side of LED illumination pipe (body), therefore, it is possible to prevent self heating of LED illumination pipe, radiating effect is also better.
In this case, LED illumination pipe of the present invention preferably, a part for described reflecting plate is curved tabs, and described curved tabs bends with described predetermined angular towards the direction with described reflecting surface opposition side and formed, and described curved tabs is arranged at the surface of described substrate via thermal insulation barriers.
As said structure, a part for reflecting plate is bent to L-shaped towards with reflecting surface opposition side (opposition side of LED setting position) with predetermined angular, this sweep is fixed on substrate by bonding agent etc. via heat insulating member, thus, easily reflecting plate is fixed on substrate, reflecting plate is stabilized on substrate.In addition, can easily and arrange at an easy rate.
In addition, preferably, to LED illumination pipe of the present invention described predetermined angular be 65 degree to 75 degree relative to its elevation angle of described substrate, preferably 70 degree.
As said structure, the inclination of the reflecting plate being arranged at substrate is set as become 65 degree to 75 degree (the best is 70 degree) relative to its elevation angle of substrate, and make the reflecting surface LED side towards each other of a pair reflecting plate, thus, effectively light quantity can be concentrated in the region clamped by reflecting plate and reflecting plate, i.e. (LED front) and peripheral space etc. thereof immediately below light source, higher intensity of illumination and PPFD can be obtained.
In addition, LED illumination pipe of the present invention preferably, is interposed between in the scope of 1mm to 2mm between the setting position of described reflecting plate and the installation site of described LED.
As said structure, make the interval that is arranged on by reflecting plate between the position of substrate and the LED being installed on substrate narrow as much as possible, namely, make at the interval of reflecting surface and the immediate position of LED narrow as much as possible, preferably 1mm to 2mm, thus, effectively light quantity can be concentrated in the region that clamps between reflecting plate and reflecting plate, i.e. (LED front) and peripheral space etc. thereof immediately below light source, higher intensity of illumination and PPFD can be obtained.
In addition, preferably, the end of described reflecting plate does not contact with the inner surface of described body LED illumination pipe of the present invention.
In order to give full play to above-mentioned effect, the height (length on the direction vertical with the axis of body) of reflecting plate is can be accommodated in the altitude range in body, preferably high as far as possible, if but reflecting plate contacts with body, then heat can be transmitted to reflecting plate and move to body, makes the heating of LED illumination pipe, therefore as said structure, preferably, the height of reflecting plate is the height do not contacted with the medial surface of body.
In addition, the structure adopting reflecting plate not contact with tube body, is easily inserted in body by the substrate being provided with reflecting plate, also easily manufactures LED illumination pipe.
Such as, corresponding with the specification of LED illumination pipe, the height of reflecting plate is about 15mm to 30mm, preferably, forms the space of about 1mm to 2mm from the fore-end of this reflecting plate to the medial surface of body.
In addition, described problem solves in the following manner: according to LED illumination pipe of the present invention, the light from described LED illumination is reflected towards prescribed direction by described reflecting surface by described reflecting plate.
So, pass through reflecting plate, light (LED front) and its peripheral space etc. immediately below prescribed direction, i.e. light source are reflected, light quantity is concentrated, thus, lavishly whole light quantities of the light radially irradiated from LED can not to be configured in immediately below light source and on the specific direction such as its peripheral space, can as immediately below the light source of shadow surface and peripheral space etc. improve intensity of illumination and PPFD.
In addition, described problem solves in the following manner: according to plant culture lighting device of the present invention, be the plant culture lighting device of the LED illumination pipe had for irradiating the light cultivated to plant, described LED illumination pipe is one of them in above-mentioned LED illumination pipe.
As said structure, by the illumination of LED illumination pipe of the present invention as plant culture lighting device is used, utilize this LED illumination pipe, the light quantity of PPFD fully high in the cultivation of plant can be obtained with less power consumption, can photosynthesis be promoted, and can efficiency cultivate plants well.
In addition, because LED illumination pipe self can not heating, therefore, it is possible to the burn mode of equivalent damage of leaf being brought to carry out suitable illumination to plant because of the heat of illumination.
According to LED illumination pipe of the present invention, power consumption is few, can obtain sufficient light quantity and intensity of illumination (lightness), and surface temperature also can not raise in use in particular range.
In addition, according to plant culture lighting device of the present invention, the light quantity of PPDF enough in the photosynthesis of plant can be obtained with less power consumption, can efficiency cultivate plants well.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the stereogram of the LED illumination pipe of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the exploded perspective view of the LED illumination pipe shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of the LED illumination pipe shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 (a) is the sectional view of the structure representing reflecting plate, and Fig. 4 (b) is the figure of the reflectivity that reflecting plate is described.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the principle of luminosity of the LED illumination pipe briefly expressing one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the luminous intensity distribution principle of the LED illumination pipe briefly expressing one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 represents the LED illumination pipe of one embodiment of the present invention and the comparison diagram of existing LED illumination pipe.
Fig. 8 be the LED illumination pipe representing one embodiment of the present invention join photodistributed schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 is the use of the summary side view of the plant culture lighting device of the LED illumination pipe of one embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 (a), Figure 10 (b) are the use of the luminous intensity distribution distribution map of the plant culture lighting device of the LED illumination pipe of one embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals
10 LED illumination pipes
11 LED light sources
12 substrates
13 reflecting plates
14 heat sinks
15 inner spaces
16 bodys
16a fastener
17 crown caps
18 electronic units
19 reflectings surface
19a end
20 curved tabs
21 thermal insulation barriers
22 base portions
23 fitting portions
24 bends
24a groove (folds in a garment)
25 hollow bulbs
26 caps
26a top plate portion
27 Embedded Divisions
28 terminals
29 plant culture lighting devices
30 plant cultivating devices
31 plants
32 pillars
33 refractory slabs
34 cultivating containers
35 tanks
36 water supply installations
37 chassis
38 sockets
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings one embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as present embodiment) is specifically described.
Present embodiment relates to the invention of LED illumination pipe, and be a kind of LED illumination pipe being installed on the straight pipe type of existing fluorescent lamp utensil, wherein, have reflecting plate in the inner space of this LED illumination pipe, this reflecting plate is for reflecting the light from LED illumination.In addition, present embodiment also relates to a kind of plant culture lighting device, and described device has described LED illumination pipe and using described LED illumination pipe as light source.
First, referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 3, the structure of LED illumination pipe 10 of the present embodiment is described.
Fig. 1 is the stereogram of LED illumination pipe 10 of the present embodiment.Fig. 2 is the exploded perspective view of LED illumination pipe 10.Fig. 3 is the A-A profile of LED illumination pipe 10.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the LED illumination pipe 10 of present embodiment is formed primarily of with lower part: the substrate 12 being provided with LED light source 11; Be arranged on the reflecting plate 13 of substrate 12; For the heat sink 14 of supporting substrate 12; Be combined with heat sink 14 and form the body 16 of the inner space 15 can receiving substrate 12 and reflecting plate 13; And be arranged on the crown cap 17 of two ends as connecting end portion of body.
In addition, the total length of LED illumination pipe 10 is identical with the fluorescent lamp of existing straight pipe type, according to its purposes, can be configured to such as 600mm, 900mm, 1200mm, 1800mm, 2400mm etc.
In addition, the caliber of LED illumination pipe 10 is roughly the same with the fluorescent lamp of existing straight pipe type, has the profile roughly the same with the fluorescent lamp of straight pipe type and outward appearance as a whole.
Substrate 12 is the electronic loop substrates be made up of the flat board of long ruler-like, and it is configured in the inner space 15 formed by body 16, and is provided with multiple LED light source 11 in face side.In addition, in the position of not interfering with LED light source 11, be configured with the electronic loop for flowing through rated current at described LED light source 11.
On the other hand, the part of the rear side of substrate 12 is bonded on the heat sink 14 as cooling mechanism by bonding agent etc., discharges the heat produced by substrate 12 and LED light source 11 etc.
Electronic loop is made up of with the distribution (omitting diagram) being connected these electronic units multiple electronic unit 18 (such as, AC power supplies and capacitor etc.).
In the present embodiment, the electronic unit such as AC power supplies and capacitor 18 is configured in the both ends of the length direction of substrate 12, and its part is covered by the crown cap 17 being arranged on body 16.
Therefore, preferably, the electronic unit 18 beyond LED light source 11 is can not produce the position of interfering and configuration configures and is installed on substrate 12 with the light radiated from LED light source 11.
In addition, for the electronic unit 18 beyond LED light source 11, its all or a part also can not be configured in the face side of substrate 12 and be configured in rear side, but as shown in the embodiment, if be configured in the face side of substrate 12, then can make setting position backrest surface side (upper side of Fig. 3) configuration more of substrate 12 in LED illumination pipe 10, the inner space 15 of the face side of substrate 12 can be made larger.
The LED light source 11 being arranged on the face side of substrate 12 is the White LED of surface installing type, its coloured light that turns white when being applied in the voltage of more than setting.
In the present embodiment, the LED light source 11 of regulation number in the width middle position of the face side of substrate 12 with along the length direction of substrate 12 be one row mode configure at predetermined intervals.
Specifically, the straight pipe type of the LED illumination pipe 10 of present embodiment to be total length be 1200mm type, in order to obtain maximum luminous efficiency at whole LED illumination pipe 10, multiple LED light source 11 configures in the mode in a row linearity along the length direction of substrate 12 by LED light source 11.
Row are configured at certain intervals in the scope of these LED light sources 11 beyond the installation length scope, the scope that namely covered by the crown cap 17 of the both end sides of substrate of the LED light source 11 of substrate 12 (such as, compared with the position of the two ends of distance substrate 12 about 40mm respectively scope) more in the inner part.
In addition, this configuration gap suitably can be changed according to the installation form of LED light source 11.Such as, can be the scope of 0.5mm to 1.5mm, and be preferably 1.0mm.
In addition, in the present embodiment, LED light source 11 is configured to row, but the configuration of described LED light source 11 is not limited to said structure, also can be such as configured in the mode of the multiple rows such as two row.In addition, also can be fitly do not configure at certain intervals, can be such as form waveform with the length direction along substrate 12 by multiple LED light source 11 or zigzag mode configures.
In addition, the shape of substrate 12 also can be its surface is not formed as flat condition, can be to form recess, groove or protuberance etc. at the position of such as installing LED light source 11.
In addition, LED light source 11 is not limited to the White LED of surface installing type.
The metal material that reflecting plate 13 is specified by such as aluminium etc. is made, and has high light reflective by implementing Surface Machining at least one side.
Especially, as as shown in the sectional view of Fig. 4 (a), fine silver 13c is bonded in the surface of aluminium 13a by the reflecting plate 13 of present embodiment via adhesive linkage 13b, further thin increasing reflecting layer 13d, 13e of nanometer unit carried out vapor deposition treatment and form sandwich construction, and forming reflecting surface 19 thus.
As described in the chart of Fig. 4 (b), in the situation (B in chart) of existing reflecting plate, in the scope (visible light) of the wavelength 400nm to 750nm of the scope of the light as general LED, total reflectivity slowly reduces, but in the situation (A in chart) of the reflecting plate 13 of the built-in fine silver 13c of said structure, in the region of the wavelength of the described visible light of major part, the reflection of total reflectivity more than 95% can be carried out.
So, the reflecting plate 13 of present embodiment achieves high reflectivity, therefore has good energy-saving effect, and is formed in light attractive in appearance all uniformly in any wavelength region.
Reflecting plate 13 is the plate-shaped members alongst extended, by alongst bending to the side, face contrary with reflecting surface 19 with predetermined angular in the direction of the width, form reflecting surface 19 and curved tabs 20, and be formed as rectilinear orbit (rail) shape that cross section is L-shaped.
Carry out described bending time predetermined angular preferably its angle of elevation alpha in the scope of 65 degree to 75 degree, be 70 degree in the present embodiment.
In addition, described bending position preferably bends by this way: when reflecting plate 13 is arranged on substrate 12, the height H in the height direction of the reflecting surface 19 formed after bending can be put in the scope in LED illumination pipe 10, and makes the end 19a of reflecting surface 19 high as far as possible and is located at the position of the degree that can not contact near the medial surface of body 16.
The height H of this reflecting plate 13, according to the caliber of LED illumination pipe 10, can be set in the scope of 15mm to 30mm.
Such as, in the present embodiment, the length of the width of the reflecting plate 13 of the flat condition before bending is 23mm, the height H in the height direction of reflecting surface 19 be 18mm, the length W of the width of curved tabs 20 is that the position of 5mm bends.
In addition, the total length of the length direction of reflecting plate 13 is shorter than the total length of the length direction of substrate 12, is formed as at least corresponding with the installation length scope of the scope being provided with LED light source 11 in the total length of the length direction of substrate 12, i.e. LED light source 11 length.
The reflecting plate 13 of said structure is arranged on the substrate 12 along the length direction of substrate 12, in the present embodiment, two pieces of reflecting plates 13 are provided as: parallel in the both sides of the row installing LED light source 11 on the substrate 12, and reflecting surface 19 is configured to from the row of sandwich (doubles team) LED light source 11 also in opposite directions.
Specifically, the bonding thermal insulation barriers 21 in the position of interfering can not produced with the LED light source 11 on substrate 12, by bonding agent by bonding for the curved tabs 20 of reflecting plate 13 and be arranged at this thermal insulation barriers 21.
Thermal insulation barriers 21 is the plate-shaped member or sheet component that are made up of the insulator of heat transmission, and by arranging reflecting plate 13 via this thermal insulation barriers 21, the heat of substrate 12 can not conduct to reflecting plate 13, therefore, it is possible to suitably prevent the heating of LED illumination pipe 10 self.In addition, in this case, as bonding agent, the preferably heat-resisting strong material of alkali system.
By said structure, the reflecting surface 19 of reflecting plate 13 is formed as the structure of the inclination relative to substrate 12 with predetermined angular (being 70 degree in the present embodiment).
In addition, in this case, based on the principle of the lightness of lightness " with square being inversely proportional to of distance ", the setting position of reflecting plate 13 preferably, the position that distance LED light source 11 is near as far as possible.
That is, preferably, near LED light source 11, bending position is formed.
Such as, in the present embodiment, the bending position of reflecting plate 13 and the interval S of the LED light source 11 that is installed on substrate 12 are 2mm.
The metal material that heat sink 14 has the regulation of thermal diffusivity by such as aluminium etc. is formed, and is integrally formed in the mode of the semi-circular cylindrical being formed as specific length.
The base portion 22 that heat sink 14 has the tabular that the length direction along LED illumination pipe 10 extends, be positioned at this base portion 22 both sides and the bend 24 of a part for a pair fitting portion 23 formed in the mode extended along the length direction of LED illumination pipe 10 and the outer surface that formed LED illumination pipe 10.
Fitting portion 23 is integrally formed at the two ends of the circumferencial direction at LED illumination pipe 10 of base portion 22 respectively, forms the locking mechanism that left and right is paired.
Each fitting portion 23 is formed as being the rectilinear orbit shape of T-shaped from the cross section that base portion 22 is outstanding to the inner space 15 of LED illumination pipe 10.
In addition, the opening of one side of cross section T-shaped configures towards foreign side by fitting portion 23, this opening is with along the mode opening outward of straight line at two ends of the circumferencial direction at LED illumination pipe 10 connecting base portion 22, and the straight-line groove part of the fitting portion 23 formed by this opening extends point-blank along the total length of the length direction (direction of principal axis) of base portion 22.
Between base portion 22 and bend 24, be formed with hollow bulb 25, be formed through the structure that this hollow bulb 25 discharges the heating from substrate 12.
It is the roughly semi-circular cylindrical of arc-shaped that bend 24 is formed as that the rate of curving that specifies circumferentially only extends less than the cross section of the predetermined angular of 180 degree, and along the length direction extension specific length of LED illumination pipe 10.
Be formed with the groove 24a of multiple heat transmissions that the length direction along straight tube extends with same cross-sectional at the outer surface of bend 24.The cooling effect of heat sink is improved by described groove 24a.
Body 16 is parts of the cross sectional shape with roughly semi-circular cylindrical (roughly Ω shape).
This body 16 can adopt the such as material such as glass or synthetic resin to be formed.Also can be, by such as polycarbonate resin etc., there are the parts that the flexible material of regulation is integrally formed as the semi-circular cylindrical of long chi.
In addition, a whole or part for described body 16 has light transmission, in the scope of light-permeable, adopts material that is transparent, translucent, colored transparent to be formed.
The outer surface of the body 16 of present embodiment is formed as even surface, and its diameter (external diameter limited by its outer surface) is identical with the diameter (external diameter limited by its outer surface) of the bend 24 of heat sink 14.
In addition, the total length of the length direction of body 16 be set to have with crown cap 17 part at the both ends except being arranged on its length direction in the total length of the base portion 22 of heat sink 14 except the length of same length.
Be formed with a pair fastener 16a in the end of the width of body 16, be fitted together to respectively and be locked to a pair fitting portion 23 of the width of the base portion 22 being arranged on heat sink 14, making body 16 be incorporated into heat sink 14.
In this case, the two ends edge of the length direction of body 16 touches in seamless mode with ora terminalis in crown cap 17 described later respectively, and the two ends edge of the circumferencial direction of body 16 touches in seamless mode with two ora terminalis of the circumferencial direction of the base portion 22 of heat sink 14 respectively.
Like this, in heat sink 14, the LED illumination pipe 10 of the drum defining the inner space 15 can receiving substrate 12 in inside can be obtained by body 16 being installed also integration.
Crown cap 17 is the connecting end portion of the lid blocked for the opening of the end face by body 16, is the parts of the end forming LED illumination pipe 10.
This crown cap 17 has the discoideus cap 26 being formed as diameter roughly the same with the end face of body 16, and is embedded in the Embedded Division 27 of opening of end face of body 16.
By this structure, crown cap 17 is outer and install in the mode of the end covering body 16 and heat sink 14 at the two ends of the length direction of body 16.
The top plate portion 26a forming the crown cap 17 of the end face of LED illumination pipe 10 is formed as rounded face, projecting and be formed with two pin-shaped terminals 28 at this top plate portion 26a, this terminal 28 is for being inserted in the hole of socket (omitting diagram) of general fluorescent lamp utensil.
Described two terminals 28 are inserted in the socket of fluorescent lamp utensil, the alternating electromotive force of the assigned voltage of the power supply (commercial ac power source) from socket side is supplied to substrate 12 via electronic unit 18 grade, and powers to the LED light source 11 installed on the substrate 12 and LED light source 11 is lighted.
In addition, in the present embodiment, be the structure of the end side supply electric power from LED illumination pipe 10, but also can be the structure from both end sides supply electric power.
Fig. 5 is the concept map of the concept of the principle of luminosity of the LED illumination pipe 10 briefly expressing present embodiment.
The general irradiating angle of light irradiated from LED light source 11 is comparatively wide, and when luminescence, the periphery to this LED light source 11 radially carries out space illumination to (semicircle shape) wide scope and light is disperseed.
In the LED illumination pipe 10 of present embodiment, by the full beam reflection of light that reflecting plate 13 (reflecting surface 19) in opposite directions will irradiate from LED light source 11, light quantity can be made thus centered by the front (immediately below light source) of the LED light source 11 as shadow surface and its peripheral space etc. to concentrate.
That is, as shown in Figure 5, should be reflected by reflecting plate 13 to the light of part A radiation, concentrate on thus in the reflecting surface 19 of inner side and region clamped by reflecting surface 19 (part B).
So, by whole light quantities of light of radially irradiating from LED light source 11 to the specific direction of the front of LED light source 11 and its peripheral space etc. without carrying out luminous intensity distribution lavishly, therefore light quantity free of losses, can improve intensity of illumination and PPFD at the front (immediately below light source) of the LED light source 11 as shadow surface and its peripheral space etc.
In this case, the intensity of illumination of 1.5 to 2.0 times when being irradiated by light source 11 merely and PPFD can be obtained, the light irradiated from LED light source 11 can be made to play maximum efficiency.
Fig. 6 is the concept map of the concept of the luminous intensity distribution principle of the LED illumination pipe 10 briefly expressing present embodiment, depicts the directional property of the light irradiated from LED light source simply.
As shown in Figure 6, the angle of elevation alpha of the reflecting surface 19 of reflecting plate 13 is 70 degree relative to substrate 12 as above, from LED light source 11 irradiate light reflected by this reflecting plate 13, thus angle change and efficiency well concentrate luminous intensity distribution in the front (immediately below light source) of LED light source 11 and its peripheral space etc.
So, by light is concentrated, make the number of beams in unit are become many, achieve very high optical density.
Fig. 7 illustrates the LED illumination pipe 10 of present embodiment and the comparison diagram of existing LED illumination pipe.
In the LED illumination pipe 10 of present embodiment, by said structure, as shown in Figure 7, especially in intensity of illumination and PPFD, detected numerical value more excellent compared with existing LED illumination pipe.
Intensity of illumination is the intensity of illumination of the position of measuring distance light source (LED light source 11) 100cm and the numerical value obtained.The intensity of illumination of existing LED illumination pipe (32W type) is 1000LX, and the intensity of illumination of the LED illumination pipe 10 of present embodiment is for being 1400LX when 23W type, even if when 15W type be also 800LX.
In addition, PPFD is the PPFD of the position of measuring distance light source (LED light source 11) 20cm and the numerical value obtained.The PPFD of existing 32W type is 100 μm of ol/m
2/ s (on average), and the PPFD of the LED illumination pipe of present embodiment is be 185 μm of ol/m when 23W type
2/ s (on average), even if when 15W type be also 145 μm of ol/m
2/ s (on average).
So, on shadow surface, intensity of illumination and the PPFD of about more than 1.5 times can be obtained with identical or below it power consumption.
In addition, Fig. 8 be the LED illumination pipe 10 representing present embodiment join photodistributed concept map.
Wherein, in the position of distance light source (LED light source 11) 100cm, in order to compare, the A point immediately below light source (LED light source 11) and leave these two position measurement intensities of illumination of position B point of 50cm immediately below this light source along transverse direction.
As shown in Figure 8, when 23W type, being 1400LX in the intensity of illumination of A point, is 800LX in the intensity of illumination of B point.In addition, when for 15W type, being 800LX in the intensity of illumination of A point, is 500LX in the intensity of illumination of B point.
It can thus be appreciated that, with regard to the LED illumination pipe 10 of present embodiment, concentrating light quantity as the A point immediately below light source, obtain high intensity of illumination.
Then, the plant culture lighting device 29 installed as light source by LED illumination pipe 10 is described.
The LED illumination pipe 10 of said structure is suitable as plant culture lighting device 29.
Fig. 9 is the roughly side view of the plant cultivating device 30 with the plant culture lighting device 29 having installed LED illumination pipe 10, represents the state of the plant 31 being configured with cultivation.
This plant cultivating device 30 be cultivated plants by modes such as hydroponic cultures for the indoor at plant workshop etc. 31 device.
Plant cultivating device 30 comprises: the refractory slab 33 of the multistage arranged in the horizontal direction in mode spaced apart by the pillar 32 at least arranged in four corners; Be positioned in the cultivating container 34 for cultivating the plant such as rocket salad or rape 31 on refractory slab 33; For supplying the water supply installation 36 of feedwater from tank 35 to this cultivating container 34; And, be positioned at the top of the refractory slab 33 being placed with cultivating container 34, and be arranged on the plant culture lighting device 29 with the face of the upper surface of cultivating container 34 refractory slab 33 in opposite directions (back side of refractory slab 33).
The size of refractory slab 33 is formed as: the length of left and right directions is 1200mm, and the length of fore-and-aft direction is 600mm.
Refractory slab 33 preferably adopts the formations such as material, the such as metal such as aluminium or stainless steel that heat conductivity is excellent, is the structuring as loading for cultivating container 34, and has the function being carried out by the heat sent from plant culture lighting device 29 discharging.
In addition, at pillar 32, chassis 37 is installed, is formed as the structure that can easily make plant cultivating device 30 move integrally.
Plant culture lighting device 29 has the socket 38 of multiple and existing fluorescent lamp utensil same shape, here, forms by arranging multiple above-mentioned lighting tube 10 at described socket 38.
In the present embodiment, be set side by side with 6 LED illumination pipes 10 in the lateral direction, specifically, central authorities be provided with 4 15W type LED illumination pipe 10a, be provided with 2 23W type LED illumination pipe 10b at its two ends.
In the present embodiment, be formed as 3 segment structures, therefore as a whole, be provided with 12 15W type LED illumination pipe 10a, 6 23W type LED illumination pipe 10b.
Form the LED illumination pipe 10 of plant culture lighting device 29 by above-mentioned structure, can by the light irradiated from LED light source 11 immediately below this light source and periphery, carry out cover by light centered by the foliage portion carrying out the plant 31 cultivated immediately below lighting device 29.
So, in the plant culture of present embodiment with in lighting device 29, in the scope of irradiating plant 31, high PPFD (200 μm of ol/m can be obtained
2/ more than s), therefore, it is possible to promote photosynthesis better, efficiency is cultivated well and is cultivated plants 31.
In addition, in this case, LED illumination pipe 10 self can not heating, therefore, it is possible to bring the mode of burn leaf equivalent damage better to throw light on because of the heat of illumination to plant 31 there will not be.
Figure 10 is the luminous intensity distribution distribution map of this plant culture lighting device 29, specifically, comes to measure PPFD to refractory slab 33 entirety of 1200mm × 600mm with 5cm grid (338 measuring point).
Figure 10 (a) be represent in central authorities, 4 15W type LED illumination pipe 10a are set, the intensity distribution of the PPFD at distance light source 20cm place when 2 23W type L E D lighting tube 10b are set at its two ends.
In this case can detect: the PPFD in the region surrounded by A is 300 μm of ol/m
2/ s, the PPFD in the region surrounded by B is 250 μm of ol/m
2/ s, the PPFD in the region surrounded by C is 200 μm of ol/m
2/ s.
On the other hand, Figure 10 (b) is the intensity distribution of the PPFD at the distance light source 20cm place represented when arranging 6 23W type LED type lighting tube 10b.
In this case can detect: the PPFD in the region surrounded by A is 300 μm of ol/m
2/ s, the PPFD in the region surrounded by B is 250 μm of ol/m
2/ s, the PPFD in the region surrounded by C is 200 μm of ol/m
2/ s.
So, such as, be just also used in the existing LED illumination Guan Eryan of plant culture, immediately below distance, the PPFD of the position of 20cm is 80 μm of ol/m
2about/s, and in the present embodiment, about more than 1.5 times (being according to circumstances sometimes 3.0 times) of this numerical value can be brought up to.
Thus, also can play sufficient effect as the substitute employed in the lighting device of existing 40W type fluorescent lamp, marketability also very desirable.
Above, an embodiment of LED illumination pipe of the present invention and the plant culture lighting device that is provided with this LED illumination pipe is illustrated.
But above-mentioned embodiment is only used for an easy understand example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto.Can carry out when not departing from purport of the present invention changing, improveing, and naturally also comprise embodiment equivalent with it in the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a LED illumination pipe, is characterized in that, comprising:
Substrate, it is provided with multiple LED and alongst extends;
Heat sink, it is for supporting described substrate;
Body, it is formed with the inner space for receiving described substrate, and has light transmission at least described LED side; And
Connecting end portion, it is arranged on the both ends or one end of described body, and is provided with the terminal that can be connected to fluorescent lamp utensil,
Described LED illumination pipe has a pair reflecting plate at described substrate,
The face of at least one party of described reflecting plate is reflecting surface,
Described reflecting plate is configured to: configure along the length direction of described substrate with described reflecting surface and described LED side mode in opposite directions in described inner space,
Described reflecting surface has the inclination of predetermined angular relative to described substrate.
2. LED illumination pipe as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
A part for described reflecting plate is curved tabs, and described curved tabs bends with described predetermined angular towards the direction with described reflecting surface opposition side and formed,
Described curved tabs is arranged at the surface of described substrate via thermal insulation barriers.
3. LED illumination pipe as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that,
Described predetermined angular is 65 degree to 75 degree relative to the described substrate elevation angle, preferably 70 degree.
4. LED illumination pipe as claimed any one in claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, be interposed between in the scope of 1mm to 2mm between the setting position of described reflecting plate and the installation site of described LED.
5. the LED illumination pipe according to any one of Claims 1-4, is characterized in that, the end of described reflecting plate does not contact with the inner surface of described body.
6. the LED illumination pipe according to any one of claim 1 to 5, is characterized in that, the light from described LED illumination is reflected towards prescribed direction by described reflecting surface by described reflecting plate.
7. a plant culture lighting device, is characterized in that,
There is the LED illumination pipe for irradiating the light cultivated to plant,
Described LED illumination pipe is the LED illumination pipe described in any one in claim 1 to 6.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013238482A JP5873067B2 (en) | 2013-11-19 | 2013-11-19 | LED lighting tube and lighting device for plant cultivation |
| JP2013-238482 | 2013-11-19 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104654126A true CN104654126A (en) | 2015-05-27 |
| CN104654126B CN104654126B (en) | 2019-04-02 |
Family
ID=52418047
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410240833.5A Expired - Fee Related CN104654126B (en) | 2013-11-19 | 2014-05-30 | LED illumination pipe and plant culture lighting device |
| CN201420289080.2U Expired - Fee Related CN204141364U (en) | 2013-11-19 | 2014-05-30 | LED illumination pipe and plant culture lighting device |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420289080.2U Expired - Fee Related CN204141364U (en) | 2013-11-19 | 2014-05-30 | LED illumination pipe and plant culture lighting device |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5873067B2 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN104654126B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015075986A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109478058A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2019-03-15 | 株式会社华尔卡 | Flange fastens management method, fastening management system, fastening management program and fastening managing device |
| CN111867361A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2020-10-30 | 东洋钢钣株式会社 | Plant lighting device and plant lighting device |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5873067B2 (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2016-03-01 | 株式会社オーディーシー | LED lighting tube and lighting device for plant cultivation |
| JP6668060B2 (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2020-03-18 | 東京特殊電線株式会社 | Lighting device for plant cultivation and plant cultivation device |
| US20170192154A1 (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-07-06 | Argia Group Llc | Plant growth lighting system |
| KR101873513B1 (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2018-07-03 | 충남대학교산학협력단 | System for measuring the functional components in the plant factory |
| WO2018146781A1 (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2018-08-16 | マイクロコーテック株式会社 | Linear tube type led light fixture |
| EP3673727B1 (en) | 2017-08-23 | 2023-12-13 | Young-Chai Cho | Plant factory |
| CN108522060A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-09-14 | 杭州天月科技有限公司 | Implantation methods of the rocket salad in plant factor |
| JP7419105B2 (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2024-01-22 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Lighting equipment and lighting equipment |
| JP7233781B1 (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2023-03-07 | ジャパンフューチャーエナジー株式会社 | Lighting equipment for growing plants for fruits and vegetables |
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- 2014-05-30 CN CN201410240833.5A patent/CN104654126B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-05-30 CN CN201420289080.2U patent/CN204141364U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-08-26 WO PCT/JP2014/072334 patent/WO2015075986A1/en active Application Filing
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| CN102149237A (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2011-08-10 | 亿光电子工业股份有限公司 | Illumination system |
| JP2012146563A (en) * | 2011-01-13 | 2012-08-02 | Panasonic Corp | Lighting fixture |
| CN202216009U (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2012-05-09 | 深圳市华朗电子有限公司 | LED fluorescent lamp with reflection plates on external power supply |
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| CN111867361A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2020-10-30 | 东洋钢钣株式会社 | Plant lighting device and plant lighting device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP5873067B2 (en) | 2016-03-01 |
| WO2015075986A1 (en) | 2015-05-28 |
| CN204141364U (en) | 2015-02-04 |
| CN104654126B (en) | 2019-04-02 |
| JP2015099674A (en) | 2015-05-28 |
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Address after: Tokyo, Japan Applicant after: Walka Corp. Applicant after: ODC Inc. Address before: Tokyo, Japan Applicant before: Nippon Valqua Industries, Ltd. Applicant before: ODC Inc. |
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