CN104638985A - Asynchronous motor soft starter based on single-chip microcomputer - Google Patents
Asynchronous motor soft starter based on single-chip microcomputer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104638985A CN104638985A CN201510077906.8A CN201510077906A CN104638985A CN 104638985 A CN104638985 A CN 104638985A CN 201510077906 A CN201510077906 A CN 201510077906A CN 104638985 A CN104638985 A CN 104638985A
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- circuit
- asynchronous motor
- chip microcomputer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/26—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual polyphase induction motor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the type of motor
- H02P2207/01—Asynchronous machines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an asynchronous motor soft starter based on a single-chip microcomputer. The asynchronous motor soft starter comprises a main loop and a control loop, wherein the main loop and the control loop are connected with a three-phase power supply; the main loop consists of three groups of anti-parallel thyristors, a bypass contactor and a current transformer; the control loop consists of the single-chip microcomputer, a power supply circuit connected with the single-chip microcomputer, a voltage synchronization signal detection circuit, a pulse trigger circuit for generating a thyristor gate trigger signal, a current detection circuit, a voltage detection circuit, an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) display and keyboard circuit, a contactor control circuit, a state output circuit and a protection circuit; the single-chip microcomputer is connected with the three groups of anti-parallel thyristors through the pulse trigger circuit; the current transformer is connected with the current detection circuit and a three-phase asynchronous motor. The asynchronous motor soft starter is convenient and easy to operate, and can run stably and reliably in time according to the change of motor load on the premise of meeting the starting torque requirement and reducing the starting current of the asynchronous motor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soft Starting Technology field, particularly relate to SCM Based soft-starter of asynchronous motor.
Background technology
AC asynchronous motor, particularly three phase squirrel cage induction motor, due to its have that structure is simple, easy to manufacture, cost performance is high, the advantage such as sturdy and durable, favorable working performance, and to be widely used in the every field of agricultural production, industrial enterprise, transportation, national defense industry and people's daily life.But, in start-up course, there is many problems.
The Starting mode that current asynchronous motor generally adopts has total head directly to start and reduced-voltage starting.The advantage that total head directly starts is that starting device and operation are the simplest, and detent torque is than large during reduced-voltage starting; The impulse current that its shortcoming produces when being and starting is 2 ~ 7 times of its rated current, and this can cause: the moment of (1) line voltage declines and big ups and downs, affects other motor of common network or the normal operation of electric equipment; (2) impulse current can cause motor local temperature to rise, and can make motor overheating during frequent starting, reduces the useful life of motor; (3) wearing and tearing of the mechanical impetus meeting acceleration mechanical drive disk assembly produced; (4) impulse current also can disturb the normal operation of electric meter to wait harm in the form of an electromagnetic wave.
Traditional reduced-voltage starting mode has stator crosstalk resistance or reactance startup, compensator starting and extend-triangle startup etc., and these Starting mode have following shortcoming: (1) starting device volume is large, and cost is high; (2) belong to and have level to regulate, LINEAR CONTINUOUS cannot regulate starting resistor smoothly, its starting characteristic is undesirable; (3) starting current cannot be limited in certain scope, and the secondary pulse electric current caused when switching cannot be eliminated; (4) contact relay controls, and can not realize frequent repeated priming; (5) maintenance load is large.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the above problem overcoming prior art existence, a kind of SCM Based soft-starter of asynchronous motor is provided, adopt Single-chip Controlling, the electrodeless adjustment and the constant current that achieve motor start-up voltage start, not only limit starting current, also guarantee the smooth starting of motor.
For realizing above-mentioned technical purpose, reach above-mentioned technique effect, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
SCM Based soft-starter of asynchronous motor, comprise major loop and control loop, major loop and control loop are connected with three phase mains, described major loop is by three groups of anti-parallel thyristors, bypass contactor summation current transformer forms, described control loop is by single-chip microcomputer and coupled power circuit, voltage synchronous signal deteching circuit, for generation of the pulsed triggering circuit of gate circuit transistor gate triggering signal, current detection circuit, voltage detecting circuit, LCD display and keyboard circuit, contactor control circuit, State-output circuit and protective circuit, described single-chip microcomputer is connected with three groups of anti-parallel thyristors by pulsed triggering circuit, described current transformer is connected with current detection circuit and threephase asynchronous.
Further, the optocoupler TP521 for isolating high-low voltage signal is provided with in described voltage synchronous signal deteching circuit.
Further, described pulsed triggering circuit has six tunnels, drives six three groups of anti-parallel thyristors in major loop respectively.
Further, described current detection circuit comprises current sensor and signal conversion circuit.
Further, described protective circuit comprises excess voltage protection, circuit overcurrent protection, phase shortage fault-phase protection circuit and overheating protection circuit.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Present invention achieves the electrodeless adjustment of motor start-up voltage, impact torque and impulse current little; The constant current being realized motor by closed-loop current control is started, and not only limits starting current, also ensures the smooth starting of motor; Adopt Single-chip Controlling, control easy, reliability is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structured flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of voltage synchronous signal deteching circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram on a pulsed triggering circuit of the present invention wherein road;
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of current detection circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of voltage detecting circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of overheating protection circuit of the present invention;
Number in the figure illustrates: 1-major loop, 11-thyristor, 12-bypass contactor; 13-current transformer, 2-control loop, 21-single-chip microcomputer; 22-power circuit, 23-voltage synchronous signal deteching circuit, 24-pulsed triggering circuit; 25-current detection circuit, 26-voltage detecting circuit, 27-LCD display and keyboard circuit; 28-contactor control circuit, 29-State-output circuit, 210-protective circuit; 3-three phase mains, 4-motor.
Embodiment
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments, describe the present invention in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, SCM Based soft-starter of asynchronous motor, comprise major loop 1 and control loop 2, major loop 1 and control loop 2 are connected with three phase mains 3, major loop 1 is by three groups of anti-parallel thyristors 11, bypass contactor 12 summation current transformer 13 forms, control loop 2 is by single-chip microcomputer 21 and coupled power circuit 22, voltage synchronous signal deteching circuit 23, for generation of the pulsed triggering circuit 24 of gate circuit transistor gate triggering signal, current detection circuit 25, voltage detecting circuit 26, LCD display and keyboard circuit 27, contactor control circuit 28, State-output circuit 29 and protective circuit 210, single-chip microcomputer 21 is connected with three groups of anti-parallel thyristors 11 by pulsed triggering circuit 24, current transformer 13 is connected with current detection circuit 25 and threephase asynchronous 4.
The optocoupler TP521 for isolating high-low voltage signal is provided with in voltage synchronous signal deteching circuit (23).Voltage synchronous signal deteching circuit 23 processes for single-chip microcomputer 21 for transferring the line voltage sinusoidal signal come by power circuit 22 side to low pressure square-wave signal, as shown in Figure 2, utilize optocoupler TP521 to isolate high-low voltage signal, ensure that these two kinds of signals can separating treatment without interfering with each other; Its course of work is: the line voltage sinusoidal signal come by power circuit 22 side is through 2 resistance and 1 diode, become half-wave AC signal, this AC signal triggers optocoupler conducting when positive half wave, thus making right side, what be input to single-chip microcomputer 21 is high level signal, and when optocoupler left-side signal is in low level, optocoupler then ends, and the signal that right side is input to single-chip microcomputer 21 is low level, goes round and begins again like this and makes single-chip microcomputer 21 obtain the certain square-wave signal of amplitude.
Pulsed triggering circuit 24 has six tunnels, exports six drive singal that six tunnel phase angle differences are 60 ° in one-period, and drive six three groups of anti-parallel thyristors 11 in major loop 1 respectively, wherein the circuit diagram on a road as shown in Figure 3.Pulsed triggering circuit 24 changes into the triggering signal of thyristor 11 for the control signal exported by single-chip microcomputer 21, in figure, the trigger impulse that single-chip microcomputer 21 exports is for controlling conducting and the shutoff of triode Q1, when single-chip microcomputer 21 exports high level, triode Q1 conducting, the former limit of supply voltage, pulse transformer and triode Q1 form loop, and the secondary of pulse transformer exports pulse between the gate pole G and negative electrode K of thyristor; When single-chip microcomputer 21 output low level, triode Q1 turns off, and the energy that pulse transformer stores discharges through diode D1 and resistance R2.Triode Q1 is operated on off state, R2 and D1 plays afterflow effect.
As shown in Figure 4, current detection circuit 25 comprises current sensor and signal conversion circuit.Current transformer 13 is accessed in major loop 1; with current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, current transformer 13 secondary side alternating current is become the direct voltage be directly proportional with it; voltage order one follower is crossed in goodbye; finally input the input port of single-chip microcomputer 21; single-chip microcomputer 21 detects the difference of electric current and given electric current by comparing, complete Current adjustment and overcurrent protection according to adjustment algorithm.
Voltage detecting circuit 25 is the circuit carrying out voltage sample with voltage transformer, and specifically as shown in Figure 5, the output voltage of voltage transformer becomes direct voltage after rectification, filtering and dividing potential drop, and this voltage signal was input in single-chip microcomputer after entering to amplify.
Protective circuit 210 comprises excess voltage protection, circuit overcurrent protection, phase shortage fault-phase protection circuit and overheating protection circuit.Wherein, overheating protection circuit as shown in Figure 6, being considered that thyristor can only work at a certain temperature, being damaged thyristor in the present embodiment in order to prevent temperature rise from exceeding limits value, adds temperature relay to realize overtemperature protection in the radiator of soft initiator.
The operation principle of the present embodiment is:
In the soft 4 startup work of asynchronous motor, single-chip microcomputer 21 makes motor 4 terminal voltage be increased to its rated voltage according to predetermined rule by the Trigger Angle of control six thyristors 11, realize the level and smooth startup of motor 4, when motor 4 rises to rated speed, soft start-up process terminates, bypass contactor 12 is connected, and three phase mains 3 is directly received on motor 4; Soft stop process is contrary with soft start-up process, first cuts off bypass contactor 12, and make the terminal voltage of motor 4 be reduced to zero according to predetermined rule by the Trigger Angle controlling thyristor 11, the rotating speed of motor 4 is also reduced to zero thereupon gradually, completes docking process.In addition, just different initial voltages and detent torque can be obtained, to meet unequally loaded requirement by arranging different initial trigger angles.Use different start-up mode, make the terminal voltage of motor 4 according to the change of different rules, just can realize different functions.
Claims (5)
1. SCM Based soft-starter of asynchronous motor, comprise major loop (1) and control loop (2), major loop (1) and control loop (2) are connected with three phase mains (3), it is characterized in that: described major loop (1) is by three groups of anti-parallel thyristors (11), bypass contactor (12) summation current transformer (13) forms, described control loop (2) is by single-chip microcomputer (21) and coupled power circuit (22), voltage synchronous signal deteching circuit (23), for generation of the pulsed triggering circuit (24) of gate circuit transistor gate triggering signal, current detection circuit (25), voltage detecting circuit (26), LCD display and keyboard circuit (27), contactor control circuit (28), State-output circuit (29) and protective circuit (210), described single-chip microcomputer (21) is connected with three groups of anti-parallel thyristors (11) by pulsed triggering circuit (24), described current transformer (13) is connected with current detection circuit (25) and threephase asynchronous (4).
2. SCM Based soft-starter of asynchronous motor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be provided with the optocoupler TP521 for isolating high-low voltage signal in described voltage synchronous signal deteching circuit (23).
3. SCM Based soft-starter of asynchronous motor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described pulsed triggering circuit (24) has six tunnels, drives six three groups anti-parallel thyristors (11) in major loop (1) respectively.
4. SCM Based soft-starter of asynchronous motor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described current detection circuit (25) comprises current sensor and signal conversion circuit.
5. SCM Based soft-starter of asynchronous motor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described protective circuit (210) comprises excess voltage protection, circuit overcurrent protection, phase shortage fault-phase protection circuit and overheating protection circuit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510077906.8A CN104638985A (en) | 2015-02-14 | 2015-02-14 | Asynchronous motor soft starter based on single-chip microcomputer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510077906.8A CN104638985A (en) | 2015-02-14 | 2015-02-14 | Asynchronous motor soft starter based on single-chip microcomputer |
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| CN104638985A true CN104638985A (en) | 2015-05-20 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105301999A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-02-03 | 苏州德林宝升降机械制造有限公司 | Starting system for lifting device and starting method |
| CN105450089A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-03-30 | 河南正大起重设备有限公司 | Soft-starting intelligent module for crane |
| CN105955153A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-09-21 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十研究所 | Field programmable three-phase AC motor soft start solid state controller |
| CN107276457A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-10-20 | 天津理工大学 | A kind of soft-starter of asynchronous motor and its control method |
| CN112879276A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-06-01 | 河北罗浮机电设备科技有限公司 | Fire pump starting and inspection integrated controller and control method |
| CN113074102A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-06 | 河北罗浮机电设备科技有限公司 | Three-in-one inspection cabinet |
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| WO2006034977A1 (en) * | 2004-09-28 | 2006-04-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for determining and setting parameters for an electronic motor controller and corresponding self-parameterising antiductor in particular a soft starter |
| CN201438684U (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2010-04-14 | 中冶集团华冶资源开发有限责任公司 | Asynchronous motor soft-start circuit |
| CN102655385A (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2012-09-05 | 三一重型装备有限公司 | Soft starter of three-phase asynchronous motor and control method of soft starter |
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2015
- 2015-02-14 CN CN201510077906.8A patent/CN104638985A/en active Pending
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105301999A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-02-03 | 苏州德林宝升降机械制造有限公司 | Starting system for lifting device and starting method |
| CN105301999B (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2018-02-16 | 苏州德林宝电梯制造有限公司 | Activation system and startup method for lowering or hoisting gear |
| CN105450089A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-03-30 | 河南正大起重设备有限公司 | Soft-starting intelligent module for crane |
| CN105955153A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-09-21 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十研究所 | Field programmable three-phase AC motor soft start solid state controller |
| CN105955153B (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-11-13 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十研究所 | Field-programmable three phase alternating current motor soft start solid-state controller |
| CN107276457A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-10-20 | 天津理工大学 | A kind of soft-starter of asynchronous motor and its control method |
| CN112879276A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-06-01 | 河北罗浮机电设备科技有限公司 | Fire pump starting and inspection integrated controller and control method |
| CN113074102A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-06 | 河北罗浮机电设备科技有限公司 | Three-in-one inspection cabinet |
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Application publication date: 20150520 |