CN104632903A - 具有轻合金毂的轴承-毂组件 - Google Patents
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B27/00—Hubs
- B60B27/0005—Hubs with ball bearings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B27/00—Hubs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B27/00—Hubs
- B60B27/0078—Hubs characterised by the fixation of bearings
- B60B27/0084—Hubs characterised by the fixation of bearings caulking to fix inner race
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B27/00—Hubs
- B60B27/0094—Hubs one or more of the bearing races are formed by the hub
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
- F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
- F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
- F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
- F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
- F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
- F16C19/186—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement with three raceways provided integrally on parts other than race rings, e.g. third generation hubs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
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- F16C33/586—Details of specific parts of races outside the space between the races, e.g. end faces or bore of inner ring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
- F16C33/64—Special methods of manufacture
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
- F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
- F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
- F16C35/063—Fixing them on the shaft
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2310/00—Manufacturing methods
- B60B2310/30—Manufacturing methods joining
- B60B2310/3142—Manufacturing methods joining by caulking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2360/00—Materials; Physical forms thereof
- B60B2360/10—Metallic materials
- B60B2360/104—Aluminum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60B2380/10—Type
- B60B2380/12—Ball bearings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60B2380/70—Arrangements
- B60B2380/73—Double track
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2380/00—Bearings
- B60B2380/70—Arrangements
- B60B2380/76—Twin or multiple bearings having different diameters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2380/00—Bearings
- B60B2380/80—Shafts specially adapted to receive bearings
- B60B2380/82—Caulked to fix race
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2900/00—Purpose of invention
- B60B2900/10—Reduction of
- B60B2900/111—Weight
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
- F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
- F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
一种轴承-毂组件(1),具有:滚动轴承,其设置有静止的径向外环(2)、至少一个可旋转的径向内环(4)和至少一排(31,32)滚动体(3);轻合金毂(9),其设置有凸缘部分(10)和圆柱壳体(11),其中,圆柱壳体(11)轴向定位于径向内环(4)内部并设置有外部横向表面(91),该外部横向表面(91)具有与径向内环(4)的内部横向表面(41)互补的形状。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及包括轻合金毂例如铝毂的轴承-毂组件。所述组件特别适于具有可旋转的毂的应用场合,因为毂接合可旋转的元件,例如机动车轮,所述毂稳定地耦连轴承内环。
背景技术
在现有技术中,已知用于机动车辆驱动轮场合的凸缘轴承-毂组件。一个例子描述在欧洲专利EP1031439B1中,该实施例包括径向外环、一对径向内环、和径向介于外环和所述一对内环之间的两排滚动体(在该例子中,为球体)。外环具有外圆柱表面,适于压配合操作,以将轴承***到圆柱座中,形成悬挂转向节(knuckle)。径向内环压配合在凸缘毂上,所述凸缘毂以已知的方式角连接心轴的端部,换言之,机动车辆的传动链的轮轴。这些环典型地由用于滚动轴承的高耐受的钢制成,因为环必须支撑在滚动体和滚道之间传递的高赫兹(hertzian)的载荷。
轴承-毂组件还包括毂,所述毂具有凸缘部分,在所述凸缘部分内部设置用于多个紧固装置(例如螺栓)的孔,所述紧固装置以已知的方式连接机动车轮的元件例如制动盘到凸缘毂。
凸缘毂还可以限定为组件结构部分,因为它支撑由机动车轮的元件传递的载荷。有利地,凸缘毂可以由比赫兹部分的材料更轻的材料的轻合金制成,以为了降低组件的总重量。根据现有技术的教导,毂可以共同模制到赫兹部分即滚动环。
若干共模制技术要求轻合金在不同于固态的状态下借助于轻合金加热而进行变换。赫兹部分材料具有与结构部分材料不同的热表现(如已知的,轻合金,例如铝,具有比钢更大的热膨胀)。因此,特别是在可旋转且稳定地接合轴承内环的毂的应用场合中,特别难以保证两个部分彼此完美地保持贴附,也就是说,它们在冷却后或者在工作操作中都不结合。
发明内容
本发明的目的是实现一种轴承-毂组件,其包括轻合金毂,所述组件克服上述的缺点。
根据本发明,描述一种轴承-毂组件,其具有铝制的或者其它轻合金的毂,该组件具有如在所附的独立权利要求中的特征。
本发明的进一步的优选的和/或特别有利的实施例根据如所附从属权利要求中的特征进行描述。
附图说明
现将参照附图以示例性而非限制性的方式描述本发明的优选实施例,其中:
图1是根据本发明的优选实施例的轴承-毂组件的轴对称的剖视图;
图2是示出图1的毂和径向内环之间的耦连表面的放大图。
具体实施方式
参照图1,轴承-毂组件1被示出并包括静止的径向外环2、可旋转的径向内环4和可旋转的环形插件5、以及两排31,32滚动体3(在这个例子中为球体)。两排31,32滚动体分别径向介于外环2和内环4之间以及外环2和环形插件5之间。插件5可以被认为是第二径向内环,对于本发明的目的,如在本实施例中,其可以以将进一步描述的方式包含在内环4内部,或者可以布置在内环4旁边,或者可以完全错开(missed)。
在本说明书和权利要求书的全文中,表示位置和方向的术语和表述,例如“径向”和“轴向”是参照组件1的旋转轴A而言的。相反地,诸如“轴向外部”和“轴向内部”的表述是参照组装状态而言的,在本案中分别指机动车轮侧和相对侧。
径向外环2包括环形部分,用于滚动体3的滚道6设置在所述环形部分中。在图1的非限定性的实施例中,滚动体3也在径向内环4,5的滚道7,8上旋转。特别地,两排31和32滚动体3关于旋转轴A被区分为轴向外排31和轴向内排32。尽管轴向外滚道7与内环4是一件式的,但是,轴向内滚道8实现在环形插件5上。所述环形插件5借助于卷边4’接合内环4,所述卷边位于内环4末端并径向向外和轴向延伸接近于环形插件5。
在上述的滚动轴承中,轴向更靠外的排31的球体3的中心的直径De大于轴向更靠内的排32的球体3的中心的直径Di。这是非对称滚动轴承的构型,其相对于对称轴承即直径De等于直径Di的轴承而言具有功能性优点。当然,非对称轴承的实施例仅仅是示例性的,因为本发明也适于对称滚动轴承。
轻合金毂9组装在径向内环4上。毂包括凸缘部分10和与所述凸缘部分一体的并且由相同材料制成的圆柱体11。
参照图2,圆柱体11位于内环4的径向内部,并具有外部横向表面91,该外部横向表面91具有与内环4即组件赫兹部分的内部横向表面41互补的形状。
根据本发明,可以避免复杂的共模制操作。事实上,毂9是接近于内环4地冷成形的。特别地,径向内环4的径向内表面41设置有环形凹槽42,所述环形凹槽42与环形突起43交替。由于冷成形,毂9的径向外表面91完美地复制内环4的径向内表面41的轮廓,因此毂9的对应突起93将接合在凹槽42中。同时,内环4的突起43将接合毂9的对应凹槽92。
毂冷成形工艺可以利用不同的已知技术例如摆辗成形、液压成形、弹性成形而进行。
因此,发明的解决方案允许获得轻质的轴承-毂组件,因为毂由轻合金制成。而且,该解决方案避免了复杂的共模制操作以及随之带来的毂从内环分离的危险。事实上,前述分离应归于在凝固过程中轻合金的收缩。如已知的,轻合金具有大于内环材料的热膨胀系数的热膨胀系数,因此毂比内环收缩更多。这个问题通过采用冷成形工艺而得以解决。
最后,采用具有凹槽和突起的轮廓还有助于轴承寿命。事实上,轴承在车辆工作条件下即高温(无论如何,比冷成形温度更高的温度)下使用,轻合金比环材料膨胀更多。毂和环之间的贴附然后将通过毂的表面94和内环的表面44之间的接触而得以保证,而毂在它的轴向内部边缘95的区域将自由膨胀。另一方面,在车辆起动时,轴承在低温(无论如何,在比冷成形的温度更低的温度)下运行,突起43总是用作锚定点,从而避免两个部件之间的分离。
除了如上公开的本发明的实施例之外,应当理解,存在许多变异。还应当认识到,一个或多个示例性实施例仅仅是例子,并不意在以任何方式限制范围、适用性或者构型。而是,前面的总结和详细描述将为本领域技术人员提供实施至少一个示例性实施例的便捷指导,应当理解,在示例性实施例中描述的元件的功能和布置可以进行许多变化,其并不脱离所附权利要求及其法律上的等同物中限定的范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种轴承-毂组件(1),包括:
滚动轴承,其设置有静止的径向外环(2)、至少一个可旋转的径向内环(4)和至少一排(31,32)滚动体(3),
轻合金毂(9),其包括凸缘部分(10)和圆柱壳体(11),轴向定位于径向内环(4)内部并设置有外部横向表面(91),该外部横向表面(91)具有与径向内环(4)的内部横向表面(41)互补的形状,
其特征在于,圆柱壳体(11)的外部横向表面(91)通过在径向内环(4)上冷成形毂(9)而获得。
2.如权利要求1所述的组件(1),其特征在于,沿着所述径向内环(4)的内部横向表面(41),多个环形凹槽(42)与多个环形突起(43)交替。
3.如权利要求2所述的组件(1),其特征在于,沿着所述毂(9)的外部横向表面(91),多个环形凹槽(92)与多个环形突起(93)交替,所述毂(9)的突起(93)位于所述内环(4)的凹槽(42)中,而所述内环(4)的突起(43)位于所述毂(9)的凹槽(92)中。
4.如前述任一权利要求所述的组件,其特征在于,两排(31,32)滚动体(3)具有不同尺寸的节圆直径(De,Di)。
5.如前述任一权利要求所述的组件,其特征在于,第一排(31)球体的径向内滚道(7)一体形成在径向内环(4)中,而第二排(32)球体的径向内滚道(8)形成在环形插件(5)上,所述环形插件(5)作为内环(4)的一部分并借助于卷边(4’)一体结合在内环(4)中,所述卷边(4’)定位在内环(4)末端并径向向外以及轴向向着环形插件(5)突出。
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IT000904A ITTO20130904A1 (it) | 2013-11-07 | 2013-11-07 | Gruppo cuscinetto-mozzo con mozzo in lega leggera |
ITTO2013A000904 | 2013-11-07 |
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US (1) | US9365078B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2871067B1 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20150053247A (zh) |
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IT (1) | ITTO20130904A1 (zh) |
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CN110691916A (zh) * | 2017-06-06 | 2020-01-14 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | 传动装置,尤其具有在其中通过至少一个双列角接触球轴承支承的传动元件的车桥传动机构或分动器 |
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JP6964391B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-10 | 2021-11-10 | Ntn株式会社 | 車輪用軸受装置とその製造方法 |
FR3072742B1 (fr) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-11-08 | Ntn-Snr Roulements | Palier a roulement |
Citations (6)
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CN110691916A (zh) * | 2017-06-06 | 2020-01-14 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | 传动装置,尤其具有在其中通过至少一个双列角接触球轴承支承的传动元件的车桥传动机构或分动器 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2871067B1 (en) | 2019-06-19 |
KR20150053247A (ko) | 2015-05-15 |
ITTO20130904A1 (it) | 2015-05-08 |
US9365078B2 (en) | 2016-06-14 |
EP2871067A1 (en) | 2015-05-13 |
US20150123455A1 (en) | 2015-05-07 |
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